Cements, Bases And Liners

CEMENTS, BASES AND LINERS *ONCE THE PREPARATION IS FINISHED, THE DOCTOR WILL DETERMINE WHAT TYPE OF BASE, LINER OR CEMENT WILL BE USED *MOST CEMENTS ARE RELATIVELY LOW-STRENGTH MATERIALS THAT DISSOLVE AND ERODE IN ORAL FLUIDS WITH TIME. TYPES OF MIXING *LUTING/CEMENTATION—FIXED OR PROVISIONAL RESTORATIONS *ORTHODONTIC BANDING *INSULATION BASE FOR PULP PROTECTION, THERMAL CHANGES *PROTECTIVE BASE FOR CORE BUILDUP *SEDATIVE TREATMENT *PULP CAP—DIRECT OR INDIRECT *ROOT CANAL THERAPY *RESTORATIONS FOR ABRAIDED TOOTH STRUCTURE *PIT AND FISSURE SEALANTS (LINERS) *FUNCTIONS *LINE THE DEEPEST PORTION OF THE DENTAL PREPARATION *PROVIDE PULPAL PROTECTION OR DENTAL REGENERATION *PROTECTS FROM IRRITATION CAUSED BY PHYSICAL, MECHANICAL, CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL ELEMENTS 1-CALCIUM HYDROXIDE *CHARACTERISTICS: *PROTECTS THE PULP FROM CHEMICAL IRRITATION THROUGH ITS SEALING ABILITIES *STIMULATES THE PRODUCTION OF REPARATIVE DENTIN *COMPATIBLE WITH ALL TYPES OF RESTORATIVE MATERIALS. *TYPES *TWO PASTE SYSTEM *LIGHT CURED *PLACEMENT *A THIN LAYER IS APPLIED *PLACED ONLY ON THE DENTIN *AVOID THE ENAMEL AND RETENTIVE GROOVES . (BASES ) *A LAYER OF CEMENT THAT IS PLACED UNDER A PERMANENT RESTORATION TO ENCOURAGE RECOVERY OF THE PULP AND TO PROTECT AGAINST SEVERAL TYPES OF INSULT. *FUNCTION: FUNCTION: *PROTECTIVE, TO HELP ELIMINATE POSSIBLE POSTOPERATIVE

SENSITIVITY AND DAMAGE TO THE PULP *INSULATING TO PROTECT THE TOOTH FROM THERMAL SHOCK. THERMAL SHOCK OCCURS WHENEVER THERE IS A SUDDEN CHANGE OF TEMPERATURE. *SOOTHING—TO DECREASE TRAUMA AFTER THE REMOVAL OF CARIES. 1- ZINC OXIDE AND EUGENOL CEMENT *INGREDIENTS *ZINC OXIDE CATALYST, WHITE ROSIN, ZINC SETTARATE AND ZINC ACETATE ARE IN THE POWDER *EUGENOL, OLIVE OIL, LINSEED OIL AND GUN RESIN ARE FOUND IN THE LIQUID USES *TREATMENT FILLING *CEMENTATION OF PROVISIONAL RESTORATIONS *SEDATIVE TREATMENT *THERMAL BASES *ROOT CANAL FILLINGS *PULP CAPPING CHARACTERISTICS *LOW COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH *GREAT SOLUBILITY *SHRINKS ON SETTING *OBTUNDENT *THERMAL INSULATOR *CONTRAINDICATED UNDER COMPOSITE RESTORATIONS MANIPULATION *MIX ON TREATED PAPER PAD *START WITH A LARGE AMOUNT FIRST *CONTINUE ADDING SMALL AMOUNTS UNTIL DESIRED CONSTITUNENCY *WATER WILL ACCELERATE SETTING TIME SETTING TIME *EIGHT MINUTES FOR A MIX UNDER A PROVISIONAL CROWN *UP TO TEN MINUTES FOR A TREATMENT FILLING IF WATER IS NOT ADDED. 2-ZINC PHOSPHATE *AN EXCELLENT THERMAL INSULATOR BECAUSE OF HAVING THE SAME THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY RATE SIMILAR TO DENTIN. *COMPOSITION *ZINC AND MAGNESIUM OXIDE IN THE POWDER *ORTHOSPHOSPHORIC ACID, PHOSPHATE AND WATER IN THE LIQUID

*USES

*TREATMENT FILLING MATERIAL

*TO SEAT FIXED RESTORATIONS *BASE IF ONLY APPLIED OVER AN INSULATOR. *CHARACTERISTICS *50% FREE PHOSPHORIC ACID *CONTRAINDICATED WITHOUT CAVITY VARNISH—ACID IRRIATES THE PULP *HIGH SOLUBILITY. *TENDS TO SHRINK *EXOTHERMAL SETTING REACTION MANIPULATION *MIX ON A COOL GLASS SLAB *MIX WITH A FLEXIBLE SPATULA *DIVIDE THE POWDER INTO INCREMENTS *MIX THE LARGEST PORTIONS FIRST, THEN GRADUALLY ADD THE SMALLER PORTIONS *MIX OVER A LARGE AREA OF THE SLAB TO DISBURSE THE HEAT *THE FASTER THE INCORPORATION OF POWDER, THE FASTER THE SET WORKING/SETTING TIME *WORKING TIME *DETRMINED BY THE MANUFACTURER *USUALLY ONE AND ONE HALF MINUTE *THE SLOWER THE MIXING TIME, THE SLOWER THE SET *SETTING TIME *USUALLY FIVE MINUTES 3-POLYCARBOXYLATE CEMENT *ALSO KNOWN AS POLYACRYLIC CEMENT *COMPOSITION *POLYACRYLIC ACID, ITACONIC ACID, MALEIC ACID TARTARIC ACID AND WATER *ZINC OXIDE POWDER *USES *CEMENTATION OF CROWNS AND BRIDGES *CEMENTATION OF ORTHODONTIC BANDS *CAVITY BASE *CORE BUILDUP *TREATMENT RESTORATIONS *CHARACTERISTICS *ADHERES TO TOOTH STRUCTURE *SIMILAR TO ZINC PHOSPHATE CEMENT IN SOLUBILITY AND TENSILE STRENGTH *LESS IRRITATING TO THE PULP THAN ZINC PHOSPHATE CEMENT *PULP RESPONSE SIMILAR TO ZOE

*MANPIULATION

*READ MANUFACTURER’S DIRECTIONS *USUALLY MIXED ONE SCOOP OF POWDER TO TWO DROPS OF LIQUID OR ONE SYRINGE INCREMENT *INCORPORATE AT LEAST HALF THE POWDER AT ONE THEN THE REST *MIX ENTIRE AMOUNT WITHIN 30 SECONDS *USE WHILE CEMENT IS STILL GLOSSY AND NOT STRINGY *USE METAL SPATULA AND PAPER PAD WORKING/SETTING TIME *WORKING TIME *30 SECONDS *SETTING TIME *SIX TO TEN MINUTES 4-GLASS IONOMERS

*USES *PERMENANT CEMENTATION FOR CROWNS AND INLAYS *CLASS V RESTORATIONS *PIT AND FISSURE CLASS VI RESTORATION /SEALANTS *CEMENT ORTHODONTIC BANDS *BASE AND LINER COMPOSITION *POWDER *ZINC OXIDE *ALUMINIM OXIDE *CALCIUM *GLASS/QUARTZ PARTICLES *FLUORIDE *LIQUID *TARTARIC ACID *MALEIC ACID *ITACONIC ACID *WATER LESS VISCOUS—WATTERY IN COMPARIOSN TO CARBOXALON TYPES *TYPE I—CEMENTATION OF METAL RESTORATION AND DIRECT-BONDED ORTHODONTIC BRACKETS *TYPE II—RESTORING AREAS OF EROSIONS NEAR THE GINGIVA *TYPE III—USED AS LINERS AND DENTIN BONDING AGENTS BENEFITS *SLOW RELEASE OF FLUORIDE AIDS IN INHIBITING RECURRENT CARIES *LESS TRAUMATIC TO THE PULP *HAS LOW SOLUBILITY *ADHERES TO A SLIGHTY MOIST TOOTH SURFACE

*HAS A THIN FILM THICKNESS WORKING/SETTING TIME *MIXED ONE TO ONE (ACCORDING TO MANUFACTURER’S DIRECTIONS) *MIXING TIME 30-60 SECONDS *MIXTURE SHOULD BE GLOSSY AND SLIGHTLY MORE VISCOUS THAN ZINC PHOSPHATE *SETTING TIME FIVE TO SEVEN MINUTES 5-COMPOSITE RESINS *A NEWER CLASSIFICATION OF CEMENT MATERIAL *USES *CEMENTATION OF CERAMIC OR RESIN INLAYS AND ONLAYS *CERAMIC VENEERS *ORTHODONTIC BANDS *METAL CASTINGS CHEMICAL MAKEUP *CHEMICAL MAKEUP IS COMPARABLE TO COMPOSITES *CONSISTS OF BASE AND CATALYST *POLY/METHYLMETHACRYLATE *BIS-GMS *CAN BE EITHER LIGHT CURED OR SELF-CURED WORKING/SETTING TIME *THE SAME AS WORKING WITH COMPOSITE *POWDER/LIQUID OR BASE CATALYST RATIO WILL EFFECT BOTH WORKING AND SETTING TIME *FOLLOW MANUFACTER’S DIRECTIONS *CHEMICALLY CURED *45-60 SECONDS WORKING TIME *7 MINUTES SETTING TIME CONSIDERATIONS *TOOTH SURFACE MUST BE FREE OF ALL PLAQUE AND DEBRIS *TOOTH MUST BE PREPARED BY ETCHING OR TREATING WITH A BONDING SYSTEM BEFORE CEMENTATION *FLASH FROM SETTING RESTORATION MUST BE REMOVED PRIOR TO * BEING FULLY SET *LIGHT CURE WITH PORCELAIN VENEERS, INLAYS OR ONLAYS ONLY

*The adjacent teeth were protected from the etching gel by using dead soft matrixes. The etching gel was thoroughly rinsed off after 15 seconds *The teeth were left slightly moist for the wet bonding process. A dentin and enamel bonding agent was applied with a brush. After the prepared surfaces were thoroughly saturated with the agent, they were air-dried with an

air/water syringe) to eliminate the water and the solvent carrier. The bonding agent was light cured for 10 seconds. *After all four restorations were placed on the prepared teeth, the excess luting composite was removed with a brush. The restorations can be seen in place in, after most of the excess luting resin has been removed

*Excess luting composite is removed from the interproximal areas with dental floss .The restorations are light cured on the facial and lingual surfaces for 30 seconds each. Finally, the remaining excess luting resin is removed with a carbide-finishing bur, and the margins are polished with composite finishing cups. ORGANIZED BY :- MAHMOUD IBRAHIM MOHAMMED ELSOKARY