Bpr 97
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BUSINESS PROCESS REENGINEERING
PROCESS A specific ordering of work activities across time and space, with a beginning, an end, and clearly identified inputs and outputs.
Input
Process
output
BUSINESS PROCESS A group of logically related tasks that use the firm's resources to provide customeroriented results in support of the organization's objectives.
BUSINESS PROCESS REENGINEERING “Reengineering is the fundamental rethinking and redesign of business processes to achieve dramatic improvements in critical, contemporary measures of performance, such as cost, quality, service and speed.” Types of change Radical Incremental
BPR VER SUS PR OCESS SIMPL IF ICA TION Process Simplification
Incremental Change Process-Led Assume Attitudes & Behaviours Management-Led Various Simultaneous Projects
Process Reengineering Radical Transformation Vision-Led Change Attitudes & Behaviours Director-Led Limited Number of Initiatives
BPR V ERSUS C ONTINUO US IMPR OVEMENT Continuous Improvement
Process Reengineering
Incremental Change People Focus Low Investment Improve Existing Work Unit Driven
Radical Transformation People & Technology Focus High Investment Rebuild Champion Driven
ST AGES OF REE NG INE ER IN G Realization Essentials Rethink Redesign Retool Evaluating again
PROJ ECT P HA SES RE QUIR ED F OR SUC CE SSFUL BP R Begin Organizational change Build the Reengineering Organization Identify the BPR Opportunities Understand the Existing Process Reengineer the Process Blueprint the new Business System Perform the transformation
FORMS OF RE-ENGINEERING Systems Reengineering Infrastructure Reengineering Business Process Reengineering
Systems reengineering helps in effectively utilizing computers (hardware and software), storage and technical personnel that an organization has at its disposal.
Hardware reengineering: It is concern with the radical shift in computer equipment technology of an organization and involves they expenditure.
Software reengineering: CAM CAD CIM
Computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) is the use of computer-based software tools that assist engineers and machinists in manufacturing or prototyping product components. CAM is a programming tool that allows you to make 3D models using computer-aided design (CAD). CAM was first used in 1971 for car body design and tooling. Areas of usage re printed circuiIn mechanical engineering In machining In electronic design automation, CAM tools prepat board (PCB) and integrated circuit
Computer-aided design (CAD) is the use of computer technology to aid in the design of a product. Fields of use The Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) Industry Architecture Architectural engineering Interior Design Interior Architecture Building engineering Civil Engineering and Infrastructure Construction
CONTINUED … Water Supply and Hydraulic Engineering Storm Drain, Wastewater and Sewer systems Mapping and Surveying (Chemical) Plant Design Factory Layout Heating, Ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) Mechanical (MCAD) Engineering Roads and Highways Railroads and Tunnels
“CIM is the integration of total manufacturing enterprise by using integrated systems and data communication coupled with new managerial philosophies that improve organizational and personnel efficiency.”
COMPO NENT S D IST INGUIS H CIM F ROM OTHE RS: Means for data storage, retrieval, manipulation and presentation; Mechanisms for sensing state and modifying processes; Algorithms for uniting the data processing component with the sensor/modification component.
SU BSYSTEM F OU ND IN CI M: CAD/CAM (Computer-aided design/Computer-aided manufacturing) CAPP, (Computer-aided process planning) ERP (Enterprise resource planning) CNC (computer numerical control) machine tools DNC, direct numerical control machine tools FMS, flexible machining systems ASRS, automated storage and retrieval systems AGV, automated guided vehicles Robotics Automated conveyance systems [[Project management software computerized scheduling and production control CAQ (Computer-aided quality assurance) A business system integrated by a common database. Lean Manufacturing
INFRA STR UCT URE RE ENGI NE ERING It involves restructuring the entire organization with a purpose of improving its productively. It is a comprehensive and long-drawn approach of reinventing an organization. Changes can be macro and micro level.
BUSINE SS P ROCESS R EENGINE ERI NG It is a methodical, regimented progressive move toward the critical examination, rethinking, redesign, and implementation of the redesign processes of an organization. BPR is also referred to as business process improvement (BPI) or Business process development.
THE R OL E OF INF ORMA TION TECHNOL OGY IN BP R Shared databases, making information available at many places. Expert systems, allowing generalists to perform specialist tasks . Telecommunication networks, allowing organizations to be centralized and decentralized at the same time. Decision-support tools, allowing
THE R OL E OF INF ORMA TION TECHNOL OGY IN BP R Wireless data communication and portable computers, allowing field personnel to work office independent. Interactive videodisk, to get in immediate contact with potential buyers. High performance computing, allowing on-the-fly planning and revisioning.
METHO DO LOG Y Structural organization with functional units. Introduction of New Product Development as cross-functional process Re-structuring and streamlining activities, removal of non-value adding tasks. Envision new processes Initiating change
METHO DO LOG Y Process redesign > Develop alternative process scenarios . > Develop new process design. > Design HR architecture > Select IT platform > Develop overall blueprint and gather feedback. Reconstruction Process monitoring
General Motors Corporation implemented a 3-year plan to consolidate their multiple desktop systems into one. It is known internally as "Consistent Office Environment" Southwest Airlines offers another successful example of reengineering their company and using Information Technology.
SUC CE SSE S AND RE ENG INE ERING INI TI ATIV ES I N BPR Ford reengineered their business and manufacturing process from just manufacturing cars to manufacturing quality cars, where the number one goal is quality. This helped Ford save millions on recalls and warranty repairs. Ford has accomplished this goal by incorporating barcodes on all their
PR ES ENTED B Y: REHAAN KHAN M. RAKESH SINGH SUMAN ALLA ROHIT MUNJAL ASHISH SINGH SUPRIYA MUNJAL HARIOM
PROCESS A specific ordering of work activities across time and space, with a beginning, an end, and clearly identified inputs and outputs.
Input
Process
output
BUSINESS PROCESS A group of logically related tasks that use the firm's resources to provide customeroriented results in support of the organization's objectives.
BUSINESS PROCESS REENGINEERING “Reengineering is the fundamental rethinking and redesign of business processes to achieve dramatic improvements in critical, contemporary measures of performance, such as cost, quality, service and speed.” Types of change Radical Incremental
BPR VER SUS PR OCESS SIMPL IF ICA TION Process Simplification
Incremental Change Process-Led Assume Attitudes & Behaviours Management-Led Various Simultaneous Projects
Process Reengineering Radical Transformation Vision-Led Change Attitudes & Behaviours Director-Led Limited Number of Initiatives
BPR V ERSUS C ONTINUO US IMPR OVEMENT Continuous Improvement
Process Reengineering
Incremental Change People Focus Low Investment Improve Existing Work Unit Driven
Radical Transformation People & Technology Focus High Investment Rebuild Champion Driven
ST AGES OF REE NG INE ER IN G Realization Essentials Rethink Redesign Retool Evaluating again
PROJ ECT P HA SES RE QUIR ED F OR SUC CE SSFUL BP R Begin Organizational change Build the Reengineering Organization Identify the BPR Opportunities Understand the Existing Process Reengineer the Process Blueprint the new Business System Perform the transformation
FORMS OF RE-ENGINEERING Systems Reengineering Infrastructure Reengineering Business Process Reengineering
Systems reengineering helps in effectively utilizing computers (hardware and software), storage and technical personnel that an organization has at its disposal.
Hardware reengineering: It is concern with the radical shift in computer equipment technology of an organization and involves they expenditure.
Software reengineering: CAM CAD CIM
Computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) is the use of computer-based software tools that assist engineers and machinists in manufacturing or prototyping product components. CAM is a programming tool that allows you to make 3D models using computer-aided design (CAD). CAM was first used in 1971 for car body design and tooling. Areas of usage re printed circuiIn mechanical engineering In machining In electronic design automation, CAM tools prepat board (PCB) and integrated circuit
Computer-aided design (CAD) is the use of computer technology to aid in the design of a product. Fields of use The Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) Industry Architecture Architectural engineering Interior Design Interior Architecture Building engineering Civil Engineering and Infrastructure Construction
CONTINUED … Water Supply and Hydraulic Engineering Storm Drain, Wastewater and Sewer systems Mapping and Surveying (Chemical) Plant Design Factory Layout Heating, Ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) Mechanical (MCAD) Engineering Roads and Highways Railroads and Tunnels
“CIM is the integration of total manufacturing enterprise by using integrated systems and data communication coupled with new managerial philosophies that improve organizational and personnel efficiency.”
COMPO NENT S D IST INGUIS H CIM F ROM OTHE RS: Means for data storage, retrieval, manipulation and presentation; Mechanisms for sensing state and modifying processes; Algorithms for uniting the data processing component with the sensor/modification component.
SU BSYSTEM F OU ND IN CI M: CAD/CAM (Computer-aided design/Computer-aided manufacturing) CAPP, (Computer-aided process planning) ERP (Enterprise resource planning) CNC (computer numerical control) machine tools DNC, direct numerical control machine tools FMS, flexible machining systems ASRS, automated storage and retrieval systems AGV, automated guided vehicles Robotics Automated conveyance systems [[Project management software computerized scheduling and production control CAQ (Computer-aided quality assurance) A business system integrated by a common database. Lean Manufacturing
INFRA STR UCT URE RE ENGI NE ERING It involves restructuring the entire organization with a purpose of improving its productively. It is a comprehensive and long-drawn approach of reinventing an organization. Changes can be macro and micro level.
BUSINE SS P ROCESS R EENGINE ERI NG It is a methodical, regimented progressive move toward the critical examination, rethinking, redesign, and implementation of the redesign processes of an organization. BPR is also referred to as business process improvement (BPI) or Business process development.
THE R OL E OF INF ORMA TION TECHNOL OGY IN BP R Shared databases, making information available at many places. Expert systems, allowing generalists to perform specialist tasks . Telecommunication networks, allowing organizations to be centralized and decentralized at the same time. Decision-support tools, allowing
THE R OL E OF INF ORMA TION TECHNOL OGY IN BP R Wireless data communication and portable computers, allowing field personnel to work office independent. Interactive videodisk, to get in immediate contact with potential buyers. High performance computing, allowing on-the-fly planning and revisioning.
METHO DO LOG Y Structural organization with functional units. Introduction of New Product Development as cross-functional process Re-structuring and streamlining activities, removal of non-value adding tasks. Envision new processes Initiating change
METHO DO LOG Y Process redesign > Develop alternative process scenarios . > Develop new process design. > Design HR architecture > Select IT platform > Develop overall blueprint and gather feedback. Reconstruction Process monitoring
General Motors Corporation implemented a 3-year plan to consolidate their multiple desktop systems into one. It is known internally as "Consistent Office Environment" Southwest Airlines offers another successful example of reengineering their company and using Information Technology.
SUC CE SSE S AND RE ENG INE ERING INI TI ATIV ES I N BPR Ford reengineered their business and manufacturing process from just manufacturing cars to manufacturing quality cars, where the number one goal is quality. This helped Ford save millions on recalls and warranty repairs. Ford has accomplished this goal by incorporating barcodes on all their
PR ES ENTED B Y: REHAAN KHAN M. RAKESH SINGH SUMAN ALLA ROHIT MUNJAL ASHISH SINGH SUPRIYA MUNJAL HARIOM
