WEEKLY ECONOMIC INDICATORS
BIZ VOCAB IIP – Index of Industrial Production The Index of Industrial Production (IIP) compares the growth in the level of industrial activity in the economy with reference to a comparable base year. It helps measure the general level of industrial activity in the economy. It is a short term indicator of industrial growth until the Annual Survey of Industries (ASI) becomes available. It is published on a monthly basis by the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation under the Government of India. It is used by the Government for planning purposes and is extensively used by Industrial Associations, Research Institutes and Academicians.
ECONOMIC
WEEK
WEEKLY
INDICATORS
ENDING
CHANGE (%)
14
th
SEPTEMBER RUPEE/ USD
39.71
-0.19
RUPEE/ €
56.09
0.31
SENSEX
17150.56
802.61
NIFTY
5000.55
253
OIL($/barrel)
78.73
0.69
It covers the Mining, Manufacturing and Electricity Sectors with weights of 10.47%, 79.36% and 10.17% respectively. MDI, Gurgaon 1
NEWS SNIPPETS Banks Divided over Rate Cut The interest rate uncertainty has divided the bankers into two: State Bank of India (SBI), versus the rest. SBI is in no mood to cut interest rates on deposits while the rest of the banks are inclined to do so. Their argument is that high interest rates being charged will eventually lead to a slow down in growth and increase in defaults. They are looking to cut rates on loans and HDFC bank has already taken the lead and announced a cut in interest rates. Private Banks also believe that the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) should cut interest rates in the wake of weak IIP (Index of Industrial Production) numbers for July 2007. SBI on the other hand is looking to regain the market share it has lost to private and foreign banks in the past few years and is therefore inclined to keep deposit rates uncut so as to mobilize more funds. The smaller banks can only cut rates once the larger banks decide to do so and this has left the banks divided and waiting for other larger banks like ICICI to disclose their policy.
Monetrix Opinion •
The IIP (Index of Industrial Production) has shown a 3.2% decline in growth of consumer durables in July 2007 over the previous year and forms the basis for some of smaller banks demand for a rate cut. However it’s not clear if the IIP is a clear indicator of consumer demand in general due to its composition which gives weight to households buying sewing machines and tape recorders while more accurate measures of consumer demand like mobile phones being purchased have not been updated. The IIP consumer durables basked which is largely unchanged since 1994 thus gives a downward bias to production numbers.
• The RBI’s Mid Term Review of its Annual 2007‐2008 policy on 30th October 2007 will determine the course that the banks finally take.
Deutsche Bank buys 25% in Lodha’s SPV Deutsche Bank Singapore has picked up around 25% stake in a special purpose vehicle (SPV) owned by Mumbai‐based developer Lodha Group for Rs 1,700 crore. The SPV will set up three FDI‐compliant real estate projects over 70 acres in Thane and Dahisar. The Lodha group is currently developing as many as 27 realty projects. The deal is believed to be the single‐largest FDI in the real estate sector in India by a financial investor till date. The Deutsche Bank transaction is the third private equity investment in the Lodha group. Apart from Deutsche Bank and ICICI Ventures, JP Morgan had invested Rs 274 crore in a debt‐cum‐equity deal in
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Lodha Bellissimo — a premium residential property, developed at Apollo Mills in Vile Parle, which the group acquired from National Textile Corporation.
Impact •
This transaction is yet another instance of a foreign investor picking up a stake in the Indian Real Estate space and consistent with Deutsche Banks policy to expand its presence in India.
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Indian Real Estate is expected to grow to a $90 billion sector by 2015 and this has resulted in huge inflows. However the increased risk weightage to real estate loans by the RBI, increasing loan rates and high valuations have led to a decreased expected return on investments from 25‐ 30% to 20% and a further decrease may result in the deal being too expensive.
Inflation in Euro‐zone expected to jump to 2.1 percent in September Inflation in the 13 nations that use the euro is expected to jump to 2.1 percent for September according to preliminary figures released by the EU's statistical agency on Friday. Eurostat's estimate did not give reasons for the rise from 1.7 percent in August, an increase that puts inflation above the European Central Bank's guideline of just under 2 percent and puts EU bank governors under increased pressure to cut rates. EU Economic and Monetary Affairs Commissioner Joaquin Almunia told a meeting in Barcelona that the recent financial turmoil, including the high value of the euro against the U.S. dollar and the credit crisis in the United States, has increased the risk of growth slowing.
Impact •
The high value of the Euro against the dollar and recent credit crisis in USA has increased the risk of a slowdown. This news adds to the worries that Europe is heading for an economic slowdown.
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The dollars decline has meant that US exports have become more competitive as compared to European exports which have become more expensive as a result. This has added to the problems.
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Going forward the key is believed to be the impact of financial crisis on consumer confidence.
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Fastest 1000 by the Indian market Indians are on a roll, few days back Yuvraj singh made fastest 50 in Twenty 20 world cup, and in the same week Indian markets recorded their fastest 1000 ever. It took Dalal Street just 5 days to travel 1000 points. Sensex touched a life time high of 17,074, though it ended only marginally higher at 16,921 because of heavy profit booking in the last hour of trading.
Driving Force •
Most major Asian indices rose on Wednesday. Total new Indian equity purchases by FIIs have crossed $11billion, exceeding the previous highest of $10.7 billion in 2005.This can be linked to the theory of “Decoupling” which says that China and India are now less dependent on US growth, so the slowdown in US economy would not affect these 2 countries that much.
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The major driving factors were the hopes that the rupee will soften as a result of RBI’s latest announcements to allow more outflow.
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Also, we can not overlook the mood Indians are in, after India lifted the Twenty 20 world cup. Good sentiments of people have always affected the market positively.
Reliance Retail may call it quits from UP The Organized retail has been opposed ever since it’s inception by the local shopkeepers. One of the most famous player of organized retail has been Reliance Fresh. Last month the company started its operations in Lucknow and Varanasi with 14 stores, but there were violent protests against it from local shopkeepers and they had to be closed down. After the protests, the state government instructed all standalone food and grocery stores run by corporates to shut down. Due to all these oppositions faced by reliance, it is now formally preparing to exit India’s most populous state, UP. As a consequence of this closing, Reliance has announced that it will be handing out termination letters to its 1000 employees but the rest of them, it will try to accommodate.
Reasons •
The Positioning of Reliance Fresh Format (Small convenient stores) puts it in direct competition not only with neighborhood Kirana stores but also with small fruits and vegetable vendors .This makes company vulnerable to political attacks.
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Reliance Food & grocery business has been in the line of fire because of popular perception MDI, Gurgaon 4
that Reliance is the most ‘powerful’ business company in the country. This is very evident from the fact that before reliance there were already some players like Subhiksha and Spencer’s, but the protests started only after Reliance came into the picture
Mittal planning to tie up with HPCL for an oil hunt Steel Czar LN Mittal is now trying to get into Oil and gas Exploration business. Mittal group can be prospective partner in HPCL’s exploration arm Prize Petroleum Company (PPCL), which is planning a rights issue. Mittal has recently acquired 49% stake in HPCL’s Bhatinda refinery and is in talks for participating in HPCL’s Vizag refinery –cum‐petroleum complex.
Favorable Conditions for the Deal •
Prize petroleum is planning a rights issue to increase its equity capital from Rs 20 crore.
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ICICI, the current stakeholder is willing to renounce its rights issue in favor of a strategic Third Party. A stake in E&P will help Mittal into the Exploration Space.
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Petroleum minister Murli Deora wants to take Mittal to take part in this
WORTH A READ Is real estate sector overrated? Property prices across the country have gone sky high raising fears of overheating and property stocks are getting astronomical valuations. Lately RBI has been warning banks about rising real estate prices and asking them to be prudent in lending to the real estate sector. Therefore the million dollar question to be asked is whether these are signs of overheating? The property prices in the big cities have gone up with growth in some cases touching 40 per cent annually for the last few years. The developers have moved into smaller cities, where the rise in prices is not so steep. So is the real estate sector overrated in terms of its growth potential?
Real Estate – Country’s growth engine The importance of the real estate sector can be gauged from the fact that it is the second largest employer next only to agriculture. The size of the real estate industry in India is estimated to be around US$ 12 billion. This is growing at a pace of 30% for the last few years. Almost 80 % of real estate developed in India is residential space. The rest comprise of office, shopping malls, hotels and hospitals. MDI, Gurgaon 5
The real estate sector also influences the development of over 250 other industries. For every Indian rupee invested in the construction of houses in India, INR 0.78 is added to the gross domestic product. Therefore the policy makers of the country have begun to emphasize on developing the adequate infrastructure.
Promising future Growth in commercial office space is led by the burgeoning outsourcing and information technology (IT) industry. By 2010 it is estimated that the IT sector alone will require 150 million sq.ft. of space across major cities. It is also estimated that in the residential sector there is a housing shortage of 19.4 million units out of which 6.7 million are in urban India. The investment required for constructing the houses and related infrastructure in this period would be to the order of US $ 666 billion at roughly US $ 33 billion to US $ 44 billion per year. The increase in purchasing power and the organised retail formats has redefined the consumption pattern. As a result retail projects have been mushrooming all over the country. The retail market is expected to grow at around 35 per cent. This growth is facilitated by favourable demographics, increasing purchasing power, existence of customer‐friendly banks and housing finance companies.
FDI in real estate Policy changes introduced by the Government allowed 100 per cent foreign investments in construction projects with fast‐track approvals. The real attraction for foreign investors is potential investment returns of 25 per cent in India as compared to low returns in US and Western Europe. Major global fund managers like Goldman Sachs, Merrill Lynch, Morgan Stanley and Lehman Brothers are all bullish on the Indian realty market. In mid‐2007, Morgan Stanley closed a deal worth about US$ 150 million with Oberoi Constructions in Mumbai. The Nakheel Group in Dubai entered into a US$ 10 billion deal with DLF for residential projects in Tier I and II cities.
The Roadblock – Reforms issue
Though the real estate sector in India is proclaimed to be the most promising sector, it is hugely plagued by market uncertainties and inhibitions. This is manifested by an abysmally low mortgage penetration. In India the mortgage to GDP ratio is about 2% in comparison to a mortgage to GDP ratio of over 51% in USA and 15‐20% for South East Asian countries. Thus the penetration level of mortgages is miniscule when compared with the shortage of housing units. The availability of land for housing projects is constrained by a variety of archaic laws like the Rent Control Act and Urban Land Ceiling and Regulation Act. The land acquisition act 1894 which governs the procurement of land puts the burden on state and central governments and hampers direct procurement of land from farmers and other land owners. The stamp duties in some states continue to be as high as 15‐20%. The duties are not only high but are applicable for every subsequent transactions as well. Finally there are concerns about the regulatory
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opaqueness for real estate ventures, bureaucratic red tape and the absence of title insurance. All of these factors are hampering investors' appetites for the real estate.
The Verdict The property market today is rife with uncertainties. Prices as well as interest rates have been rising. The long term outlook however is quite promising propelled by the high economic growth in the country. The future of the real estate sector is going to be guided by two important factors ‐ Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and the abolition of service tax and reduction in the stamp duties.
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