Ba-i All Subject

-1-

vk/kkj ikb~;Øe lewg iz'u i= f}rh; iz'ui=

& &

fgunh hkk"kk 75 vad vaxzsth hkk"kk 75 vad

izfke iz'u i= & fgunh hkk"kk ¼ch-,-] ch-,l-lh-] ch-,l-lh-] x`g fokku] ch-dke] ch-,esustesav ch-lh-,- izfke o"kz dk iqujhf{kr ikb~;Øe½ [k.m &1 fu/kkzfjr iqlrd dh ikb~; lkexzh bdkbz 1 ls 5 rda izr;sd bdkbz gsrq 5 vad 25 vad dqy [k.m&2 fgunh hkk"kk leizs"k.k dks'ky 30 vad bdkbz&1 d-

ekud fgunh hkk"kk 1-ekud fgunh ds y{k.k vksj mnkgj.k 2-vekud fgunh dk lo:i 3-ekud fgunh ds izdkj [k4- v'kqf);ksa ds mnkgj.k 4-v'kqf);ksa ds izdkj ¼mppkj.k xr] orzuh xr] 'kcn vksj vfkz xr] o;kdj.kxr½ 10 vad bdkbz&1 d- fgunh dk 'kcn hk.mkj 1-'kcnksa ds izdkj 2-'kcnksa dh jpuk 3-u;s iz;ksx [k- fgunh dh okd; jpuk 4-okd;ksa ds izdkj 5-okd; fou;kl 6-okd; xr lkeku; v'kqf);ka 7-fojke fpug bdkbz&3 i=ys[ku] lkj ys[ku] iyyou \\roomnew\my documents\dec\b.a\ba-i all subject.rtf

-2-

1-i=ksa ds mnkgj.k 2-i=ksa ds izdkj 3-i= ys[ku dh fo'ks"krk,a ¼i= ys[ku] lacks/ku] var] fnukad vkfn mkyuk½ 4-lkj ys[ku 5-iyyou 10 vad bdkbz&3 hkkjrh; lald`fr ¼20 vad ½ bdkbz&4 hkkjr ns'k vksj mlds fuoklh 1-hkkjrh; lekt dh lajpuk 2-lkekftd xfr'khyrk&v|ru 3-dez vksj n'kzu bdkbz&5 1- hkkjrh; lald`fr dk fo'o ij izhkko 2- e/;izns'k dk lkald`frd oshko iqlrd dh ikb~; lkexzh ,d ls ikap] izr;sd bdkbz ds fy, 5&5 vad fu/kkzfjr gsa bl izdkj ¼5 x 5½ dqy 25 vad gksaxsa [k.m nks % izr;sd bdkbz ds fy, 10&10 vad fu/kkzfjr gsa bl izdkj ¼10 x 2½ dqy 20 vad gksaxsa dqy iz'ui= 75 vadks dk fohkktu mijksdrkuqlkj gksxka fu/kkzfjr ikb~; iqlrdsa% 1- hkkjrh;rk ds vej loj &izdk'kd e/;izns'k fgunh xzafk vdkneh] hkksiky

foundation course paper-ii: english language a. scheme of examination for ba./bsc./ b.h.sc. (home science,) i b.com/ b.c.a / ba management fc 2. english language minimum pass marks

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75 marks 50 marks

-3details: course for ba./bsc. / b.h.sc. (home science,) i b.com/ b.c.a / ba management the question paper for fc paper 2 english language will contain five units, which . are as under: unit-i

short answers question:

15 marks

unit-ii

reading comprehension and vocabulary:

15 marks (10+05)

unit-iii

paragraph writing

:

15 marks

unit-iv

letter writing (both formet and informate)

:

15 marks

unit-v

grammar (20 items form the prescribed text book to be asked and 15 to be attempted) : 15 marks

structural items : (i) (ii) (iii)

(iv)

simple, compound and complex sentences co-ordinate clauses (with, but a or either-or, neither-nor, otherwise, or else) subordinate clauses - noun clauses - as subject object and complement: relative clauses (restrictive and non-restrictive clauses). adverb clauses (open and hypothetical conditional, with because, though, here, so that, as long as, as soon as) comparative clauses (as+=adjective/adverb + as no so nor that)

tenses : i) ii) iii)

simple present, progressive and present perfect. simple part, progressive and past perfect. indication of futurity. the passive (simple present and past, present and past perfect and to infinitive structure.

reported speech i) declarative sentences ii) imperatives iii) interrogatives - wh-questions, yes/no questions iv) exclamatory sentences.

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-4modals (will, shall, should, would, ought to have to have get to, can could, my-might and need) (f) verb structures (infinitives and gerundials) (g) linking devices note: the above language items will be interance to express the following communicative functions (a) seeking and imparting information. (b) expressing attitudes-intellectual and emotional. (c) persuasion and dissuasion etc. note:- questions on all the units shall be asked from the prescribed text, which will comprise specimens of popular creative writing and the following items: (a)

indian art meaning of art, features of, indian art. elementary knowledge of paintings, music, dancing, sculpture archaeology, iconography & other social arts.

(b)

indian literature

ancient indian literature elementary knowledge of vedic literature, mahabharata, ramayan & other main. granthas. (c)

indian freedom struggle freedom struggle of 1857, national consciousness non-cooperation novement. civil disobedient movement, quit india movement, contribution of revolutionaries in freedom struggle.

(d)

indian constitution introduction, main features of constitution, fundamental rights, fundamental duties.

prescribed book 1

english language and

published by :

indian culture. bhopal.

m.p. hindi granth academy

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-5-

english literature paper-i

literature in english 1550-1750 m.m.75

i)

unit i of annotations is compulsory, 6, passages to be set from units i to vi, atleast one from each unit, 3 to be attempted. 3x5 = 15

ii)

multiple choice/objective type questions to be set from unit vii, 10x1 = 10 15 to be set, 10 to be attempted.

iii)

from units ii to vi-8 questions to be set, atleast one from each unit, 5 to be attempted

10x5=50

word limit for each answer 300 to 400 words. unit-i annotations. unit-ii

poetry

a) shakespeare - sonnet no 1 "from fairest creatures" sonnet no.154 " the little love god". b) (b) milton - how soon hath time the subtle thief of youth..... c) john donne- sweetest love i don't go; this is my play's last scene. unit-iii poetry a) john dryden-portrait of shadwell b) alexander pope- form 'an essay on criticism' (true case in writing ) and the world's victor stood subdned by sound'. unit-iv prose a) bacon - of studies; of regimen of health; of expense. b) addison - sir roger at home c) steele - of the club. unit-v drama shakespeare - the merchant of venice unit-vi fiction

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-6swift - the battle of the books

unit-vii

historical and literary topics

 the renaissance  humanism  reformation  the civil war and protectorate  the restoration  the rise of colonialism  earlier drama  petrarchism and the sdnnet cycle;  the influence of seneca and classical dramatic theory  the elizabethan' and jacobean stage  english renaissance drama  restoration drama  the rise of periodical essay. books recommended for unit vii in papers i & ii 1. edward albert a history of english literature. 2. ifor evans a short history of english literature. 3. hudson an outline history of english literature both the papers of b.a. part i are included in the anthologies prescribed in the previous syllabus for b.a. part i and ba part ii. paper- ii literature in english from 1750-1900 note:

m.m. 75 (i) unit i of annotations is compulsory, 6, passages to be set from units i to vi, atleast one from each unit, 3 to be attempted. (ii)

multiple choice/objective type questions to be set from unit vii, 15 to be set, '10 to be attempted. (iii) from units ii to vi-8 questions to be set, atleast one from each unit, 5 to be attempted word limit for each answer 300 to 400 words. unit-i

annotations.

unit-ii

poetry a) blake - tiger, burning bright

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-7b) wordsworth - tintern abbey c) coleridge - frost at midnight unit-iii poetry a) shelley - ode to a skylark b) keats - ode to autumn c) tennyson - crossing the bar d) browning -prospice unit-iv prose

(a) lamb - valentine's day (b) hazlitt - on actors and acting unit-v fiction jane austen - pride and prejudice

unit-vi fiction charles dickens - a tale of two cities. unit -vii

historical and literary topics.

 the french revaluation  the american war of independence  the reform acts  the impact of industrialization  colonialism and imperialism  marx and engels  scientific thought & discoveries  faith and doubt,  classical and romantic concepts of imagination  varieties of romantic and victorian poetry  the victorian novel  realism and the novel  victorian prose  aestheticism

lald`r

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-8-

ch-,- izfke o"kz lald`r esa nks iz'u i= gksaxs izr;sd iz'u i= 75 vad dk gksxka izfke iz'ui= esa 60 vad dh fyf[kr ijh{kk gksxh rfkk 15 vad dh lald`r okxo;ogkj dh eksf[kd ijh{kk] gksxh] tks nks ijh{kdksa ¼,d vkarfjd rfkk nwljs ckg~;½ ls laiuu gksxha izfke iz'u i= % lald`r hkk"kk usiq.; ¼iz'u izr;sd bdkbz@[k.m ls rs;kj fd;s tk;saxs½ uksv% bl iz'u esa fyf[kr ijh{kk ,d ls pkj bdkb;ksa ij vk/kkfjr dsoy 60 vadksa dh gksxha bdkbz&,d& o;kdj.k 'kcn :i

15 vad

jke] dfo] hkkuq] fir`] yrk] efr] unh] o/kw ekr`] qy] okfj] vkreu~] okp] loz rn~] ,rn~] ;r~ bne~] vlen~ rfkk ;q"en /kkrq :i ib]~ hkw] d`] vl~] :/k] Øh] pqj] rfkk lso] ¼dsoy ikap ydkj&yv~] yksv~] fof/kfym+~ ym~] y`v½ bdkbz&nks

y?k&dkseqnh

15 vad izr;kgkjk ,oa lakk]

5 vad

laf/k

5 vad

fohkdr;fkz

5 vad

bdkbz&rhu

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lkfgr;

15

-9-

vad fgrksins'k ¼fe=ykhk½

7 vad

loiuokloneÙke~

8 vad

bdkbz&pkj fuca/k

vuqokn

,oa

15 fgunh ls lald`r lald`r ls fgunh fuca/k ¼lald`r esa½

bdkbz&ikap

lald`r

okxo;kogkj] eksf[kd ijh{kk

75 vad

f}rh; iz'u i=% ¼lald`r½ iz'u izr;sd bdkbz@[k.m ls rs;kj fd;s tk;saxs½ dqy vad % 75 bdkbz&,d

osn ,oa n'kzu

15 vad ¼d½ _xosn ¼1]1½ rfkk vfkzozosn ¼1]2½ ¼[k½ rdzlm+g ij iz'u bdkbz&nks

7 vad

7 vad dko;&j?kqoa'k

izfkelxz 15 vad o;k[;k

10 vad

vkykspukred iz'u

5 vad

bdkbz&rhu

dko;k'kkl=

15 vad lkfgr; niz.k izfke ifjpnsn \\roomnew\my documents\dec\b.a\ba-i all subject.rtf

15 vad

- 10 -

bdkbz&pkj

okyehfd jkek;.k

ckydk.m ¼izfkelxz½

15 vad

o;k[;k

10 vad

vkykspukred iz'u

5 vad

bdkbz&ikap

egkhkkjr

'kkfurioz ¼v/;k; 192½

15 vad

o;k[;k

10 vad

vkykspukred iz'u

5 vad

fgunh lkfgr; izfke iz'u i=&1 izkphu fgunh dko; izlrkouk%& izkphu ls rkri;z gs vk/kqfud dky ls iwoz ds dkya lgh vfkz esa fgunh hkk"kk vksj lkfgr; dk fodkl vkfndky ls 'kq: gksrk gsa blesa /kkfezd rfkk ,sfgd nks izdkj dk lkfgr; feyrk gs tks izca/k] eqdrd] jklks] qkxq] pfjr] lqhkkf"kr vkfn fofo/k dko;:iksa esa vfhko;aftr gsa e/;dkfyu lkfgr; dh i`"bhkwfe ds :i esa bls izfrf"br fd;k tkrk gsa e/;dkyhu dko; eas hkfdrdko; tgk¡ yksdtkxj.k dks loj nsus okyk gs] ogha jhfrdky vius yksfdd&ja`xkfjd ifjn`'; es arrdkyhu lkekftd] lkald`frd] jktuhfrd flfkfr;ksa dks csyksl vfhko;aftr djrk gsa vr% hkk"kk] lald`fr] fopkj] ekuork] dko;ro] dko;:irk] yksfddrk] ikjyksfddrk vkfn n`f"v;ksa ls bldk v/;;u vr;ko';d gsa \\roomnew\my documents\dec\b.a\ba-i all subject.rtf

- 11 -

fueukafdr dfo;ksa esa ls ikap dfo;ksa dk p;u fd;k x;ka ftu ij o;k[;kred rfk vkykspukred iz'u iwns tk,axsa 1- dchj 50 lkf[k;ka 2- lwj 25 in 3- rqylh 25 nan 4- fcgkjh 50 nan 5- /kukuan 25 nan fueufyf[kr dfo;ksa ij y?kqrrjh iz'u iwns tk,axsa 1- vehj [kqljks 2- jl[kku 3- in~ekdj vad fohkktu%& 3 o;k[;k,a

%

30 izfr'kr vad

2 vkykspukred iz'u

%

30 izfr'kr vad

5 y?kqmrrjh iz'u

%

20 izfr'kr vad

20 olrqfu"b@vfr y?kqmrrjh iz'u %

20 izfr'kr vad

iz'ui=& 2 fgunh dfkk lkfgr; izlrkouk%& x| dh izeq[k fo/kkvksa dk bruk nzqr fodkl budh yksdfiz;rk dk izek.k izlrqr djrk gsa buesa vk/kqfud thou viuh fofo/k nfo;ksa ds lkfk ;fkkfkz :i esa vfhko;aftr gqvk gsa thou dh vuqhkwfr;ksa] laosnukvksa rfkk fofo/k ifjflfkfr;ksa ds lk{kkrdkj ds fy, budk v/;;u lozfkk visf{kr gsa \\roomnew\my documents\dec\b.a\ba-i all subject.rtf

- 12 -

o;k[;k ,oa vkykspukred iz'uksa ds fy, miu;klksa esa ls fdlh ,d miu;kl dk fu/kkzj.k fd;k x;k gsa miu;kl izsepan % xcu vfkok o`ankouyky oekz% >kalh dh jkuh ¼laf{kir laldj.k½ dgkuhdkj

dgkuh

1- t;'kadj

iqldkj

2- izsepan

dq+u

3- ;'kiky

ijnk

4- deys'oj

jktk fujcafl;k

5- q.kh'ojukfk js.kq

rhljh dle mqz ekjs x;s xqyqke

6- hkh"e lkguh

phq dh nkor

7- eksgu jkds'k

eycs dk ekfyd

8- vejdkar

nksgij dk hkkstu

fueufyf[kr dfkkdkjksa esa ls y?kqmrrjh; iz'u iwns tk,saxs& 1- lqn'kzu 2- ekdz.ms; 3- jkth lsb vad fohkktu%& 3 o;k[;k

%

30 izfr'kr vad

2 vkykspukred iz'u

%

30 izfr'kr vad

5 y?kqmrrjh; iz'u

%

20 izfr'kr vad

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- 13 -

20 oklrqfu"b@vfr y?kqmrrjh; iz'u% 20 izfr'kr vad

history paper-i : history of india up to c.a.d. 1200 max marks. 100 lectures 50 unit-i

(a) (b)

history its concept, nature, scope and significance. survey of sources, land environment and people, pre-historic hunters, gatherers. palaeolithic culture and sequence and geographical distribution. (c) mesolithic culture: distribution, cultural developments with special reference to rock art. (d) harappan civilization: origin, extent urban planning, nature of political and economic organization urban decline. late harappan culture and economic patterns in non-harappan india.

unit-ii

(a)

society, ---polity, economy, culture and religion as reflected in vedic literature. ironage culture in india megaliths in deccan far south and north.

(b)

social developments: varna, jati, occupational categories, marriage property relation, 16 sanskaras and 4 purusharthas.

(c)

rise of territorial states. rise of new religious movements in north india. doctrines and social dimension of early buddhism and jainism.

unit-iii

(a)

the mauryan empire, state administration and economy. mauryan empire: ashoka's dhamma its nature and propagation. mauryan art and architecture.

(b)

post mauryan period: sungas, western kshatrapas, sathavanas, kushanas.

(c)

post mauryan, social cultural developments with reference to the kushanas and sathavanas. mathura and gandharva art and architecture.

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- 14 unit-iv

(a)

important powers in the south: cheras, cholas and pandayas in the far south, urban growth, craft production trade and coinage. sangam age: literature, society and culture.

(b)

post graduate period up to 750 ad pallavas, chalukyas and vardhanas. polity and economy (750 to 1200 ad)

(c)

(i) north india: gurjars, partiharas, palas and senas. (ii) deccan: rastrakutas and their contemporaries. (iii) cholas and their contemporaries.

relation with south east asia and sri lanka. [topic (i), (ii) and (iii) must be related to political institutions, economy, land grants, agrarian expansions, inter regional and maritime guilds.] uni-v

(a)

gupta empire and its contemporaries, administration, agrarian and revenue system, changing patterns of urban settlement and state.

(b)

development in the gupta and post gupta times (upto 1200 ad.) (i)

north: society, art, literature, philosophy, science and technology.

(ii)

south: temples, bhakti movement, art and architecture.

(iii) status of women, marriage, property rights, sati, purdah and devdasi system. (iv) shifts invarna. proliferation of jatis, slavery and forced labour. (c)

nvasion of arabs - gaznavis and ghoris and their impacts.

books recommended: 1 . altekar

:

2. kosambi, d.d.

:

3. jha, d.n. : 4. mookeijee, rk. : 5. majumdar, roychaudhary and dutt: 6. roy choudhary, h.c. : 7. shastri, k.a. nilkanth :

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state and government in ancient india (hind version also). an introduction to the study of indian history (also in hindi). ancient india. ancient india. an advance history of india. political history of ancient india. history of south india.

8. sharma, rs.

:

9. thapar, romilla 10. ashraf, k.k.

: :

11. basham, a.l. 12. majumdar, r.c. (ed.)

: :

13.

mkw-

foosdnrr

>k

- 15 aspects of political indian and institution in ancient india. history of india. life and conditions of the people of hindustan. the wonder that was india the vedic age: the age of imperial unity; the classical age, the age of imperial kanauj, the struggle for empire.

,ao

mkwjktuhfrd

lqflerk

ikams;%

bfrgkl

rfkk

lalfkk,sa ¼3169 ls 1200 bz½ 14- etwenkj] jk;pks/kjh ,oa nrr %

hkkjr dk o`gr bfrgkl

[k.m&1 15- mkw- jkeukfk fej

%

izkphu

hkkjrh;

lekt

vfkz

o;olfkk ,oa /kez ¼osfnd dky ls 1300bz-½ 16- ik.ms;] jktcyh

%

izpkuh hkkjr

17- jk;pks/kjh ,p-lh-

%

hkkjr dk jktusfrd bfrgkl

18- 'kkl=h ds-,- uhydab

%

nf{k.k hkkjr dk bfrgkl

19- mik/;k; oklqnso

%

xqir lkezkt; dk bfrgkl [k.m&1

20- mik/;k;] ch-,l-

%

izkphu hkkjr dk bfrgkl

21- nqcs] lq[knso

%

xqir dkyhu jktoa'k

22- 'kekz] n'kjfk

%

pksgku] lezkv i`fohjkt vksj mudk ;qxa

23- 'kez] lhrkjke vksj t;ukjk;.kq %

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19oha 'krkcnh esa

- 16 -

hkkjrh; /kkfezd rfkk lkekftd tkxj.ka 24- mkw- vkj-,u- ik.ms;

%

izkphu hkkjr dk jktuhfrd

,oa

lkald`frd

bfrgkl&bykgkckna 25- mfezyk izdk'k

%

izkphu dky

26- f'konrr kkuh

%

hkkjrh; lald`fr

27- fnus'k punz hkkj}kt

%

hkkjrh; lald`fr

28- d`".knrr cktis;h rfkk foeypunz ikams;% izkphu hkkjr dk bfrgkl 29- mkw- hkxokuflag oekz vksj mkw- ,l-ds lqyysv% izkphu hkkjr dk bfrgkl 30- fdj.k dqekj

%

fla/kq le;rk

31- jkeo`{k flag

%

izkphu hkkjr

32- th-ih- flagy

%

izkphu hkkjr

33- jk/ks'kj.k

%

hkkjr

lkekftd

,oa

vkffkzd

lajpuk vksj lald`fr ds ewy rroa 34- >kj[k.m pkscs

%

35- xksfoanpunz ikams

bfrgkl n'kzu %

bfrgkl dk lo:i ,ao fl)kar

36- fej] mkw- jesunz ukfk ,ao mkw- lqhkk"k nrr >k% izkphu hkkjr 37- mkw- ,l-ds- ekfkqj %

izkphu hkkjr

38- mkw- ,l ds feÙky

hkkjr dk bfrgkl

%

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- 17 -

39- lr;ukjk;.k nqcs

%

hkkjr dk bfrgkl

paper-ii:

western world from mid 15th centuryto 1871 ad note - questions will be set from each unit. unit-i

decline for feudalism. the rise of the modern era-renaissance, reformation and counter reformation. rise of the absolute state: spain, france and britain.

unit-ii

economic origins of the modern western world - mercantilism; and commercial revolution; beginnings of colonialism. scientific revolution, agriculture revolution; industrial revolution and emergence of new social classes.

unit-iii

glorious revolution of 1688 ad. american revolution (1776). french revolution (1789), causes, progress and impact. age of napoleon - his rise and fall.

unit-iv

vienna congress (1815), age of metternich, concert of europe, holy alliance. revolution of 1830 and 1848 ad. eastern question up to crimean war. ad. napoleon iii.

unit-v

age of conservatism european exploitation of asia and america. liberalism in england - act of 1832 chartist movement, american civil war. unification of italy, unification of germany.

suggested readings: 1. anderson, pery, lineages 'of the absolutist state (routlege, 1974) 2. barraclough, g. an introduction to contemporary history (penguin, 1968).

3. bronowski, j. and bruce mazlish, the western intellectual tradition (ayer co.publication, 1960) 4. bury, j.lt. france, 1840 (routledge chapman and hall, 1985) 5. henderson, o.p., the industrial revolution on the continent. 6. hill, christopher, from reformation to industrial revolution, (penguin, 1970). 7. langer, wlo, diplomacy of imperialis. 8. langer w.l. european alliances and alignments (greenwood, 1977).

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- 18 9. lefebvre, georges, coming of the french revolution (princeton, 1989). 10. parks, h.b., the united states of america. 11. randal j. g. and david donald, the civil war and reconstruction 2nd rev. ed. (heath, 1969). 12. rolls, eric, history of economic thoutht. 13. rude, george, revolutionary europe (1984). 14. saboul, a., the french revolution. 15. stavrianos. los. , the world since 1500 (1928) 16. thompson, david, europe since napoleon (penguin, 1957, 1966) 17. grant and temperley. europe in the 19th and 20th century. (also hindi version.) 18. hazon, c.d., modern j european history (also hindi version). 19. panitkar, k.m. : asian and wentorn dominace. 20. parks, h.b. : the unites states of america: a history. 21. prasad, ishwari : a history of modern europe (1453-1789). 22. soheville : a history of modern europe. 23. david, thompson: europe since 1815. 24. peter brooke: tradition and innovation in renaissance itlay. 25. dr. bhagwan singh verma: europe ka itihas (1789-1815). 26. holland b. rose: french revolution & the nepoleonic era (also in hindi).

sociology paper-i introduction to sociology unit-i

sociological perspective the meaning of sociology; the sociological perspective, sociology and social sciences, the scientific and humanistic orientations to sociological study.

unit-ii basic concepts society, community, institution, association, group, social structure, status and role. unit-ii institutions, individual in/and society family and kinship, religion, education, politics.

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- 19 society, culture and socialization, relation between individual and society. social control: norms, values and sanctions. unit-iii

social stratification, mobility and social change social stratification, mobility: meaning, forms and theories. social change: meaning and type, evolution and revolution, progress and development. factors of social change.

unit-iv

the uses of sociology introduction to applied sociology, sociology and social problems, sociology and social change, sociology" and social policy and action, sociology and development, sociology and professions. paper -ii society in india

unit-i

views about indian society the classical views: varna, ashram, karma and dharma field views: m.n. srinivas, s.c. dube and andre beteille significance and interface of classical and field views.

unit-ii the structure and composition of indian society structure: village, town, cities and rural - urban linkages. composition: tribes, dalits, women and minorities. unit-iii

basic institutions of indian society.

cast system, kinship, family, marriage, classes changing dimensions. unit-iv

familiar problems dowry, domestic violence, divorce, intra and intergenerational conflict, problem of elderly.

unit-v societal problems casteism, regionalism, communalism, corruption, white collar crim, suicide

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- 20 unit-i

evolution of definition of economics, nature and scope of economics, methods of economic analysis, basic concepts: utility, demand, supply, commodity, free goods, value and price, market, administrated vs flex price.

unit-ii

utility: cardinal (marshall) and ordinal utility approaches to demand: indifference curve: consumer equilibrium (hicks and slutsky), giffin goods, compensated demand, elasticity of demand, price, income and cross, consumer surplus.

unit-iii

production function: iso quants, law of constant and variable proportions, returns to scale, economics of scale, different concept of cost-marginal, average, total fixed and variable, opportunity costs: equilibrium of the firm.

unit-iv

forms and structure of market: perfect: monopolistic, oligopolistic, monopoly, discriminating monopoly, determination of price in various market.

unit-v

factor pricing: marginal productivity theory, adding up theorem, modern theories of wages, interest, profit and rent.

basic reading list 1. bach, g.l. (1977), economics; prentice hall of india, new delhi. 2. gould, j.p. and edward p.l. (1996), micro economic theory, richard. irwin, homewood. 3. henderson, j. and r.e. quandt (1980), micro economec theory: a mathematical approach, me graw hill, new delhi. 4. healthfield and wi be (1987), an introduction cost and production functions, macmillan london. 5. koutsoyiannis a. (1990), modern micro ecomics, macmillan. 6. lipsey, r.g. and k.a. chrystal (1999), principles of economics (9th edition), oxford university press, oxford. 7. mansfield e. (1997) micro economics (9th edition), wow. norton and company, new york. 8. ray, n.c. (1975), an introduction to microeconomics, macmillan company of india ltd. delhi. 9. ryan wj.l. (1962), price theory, macmillan and co. limited, london 10. samuelson pa and wd. nordhaus (1998), economics, tata mcgraw hill, new delhi. 11. stonier, aw and d.c. hague (1972), a text book of economic theory, elbs & longman group, london 12. varian, h.r. (2000), intermediate micro econocics : a modern approach (5th edition), eas-west press, new delhi. 13. paul samuleson, eocnomics (10th edition). 14. r.g. lipsey, an introdution to'positive economics economy, a condensed course. 15. hics. j. r. the social framework: an introduction to economic. 16. brown, aj. introduction to world economy. 17. stonier & hague, text book of modern economics theory (english & hindi both) 18. chamberlin, monopolistic compitition 19. mehta & maheshchand, guide to moden economics 20. jain, k. p. arthashastra ke sidhanta \\roomnew\my documents\dec\b.a\ba-i all subject.rtf

- 21 21. dewett., kk modern economics theory (english & hindi) 22. bentham, economics (english & hindi) 23. shrivastava, o.s. micro economics. (hindi) 24. boulding, economics analysis 25. jhingan, m.l. economics theory (english & hindi) 26. hicks, j. r. capital & growth 27. hicks, j.r. crisis in keynesian economics (for flex & fix prices) 28. sharma, r.s. principle of economics (hindi) paper-ii

indian economy m.m.75

unit-i

structure of indian economy. basic features: natural recourses, land water and forest resources, demographic features: population, size, sex, rural urban classification, population distribution, composition of gross domestic product.

unit-ii

agriculture: nature and importance. land use pattern. trends in agricultural production and productivity, land reform, green revolution, rural credit, agricultural marketing, mechanization, changes in sopping patterns of madhya pradesh.

unit-iii

industrial policy: 1956, 1993. role of public section in industrialization, post reform changes in public and private sector. role and importance of small scale industries and challenges posed by reform. problem of prospects of industrialization in m.p.

unit-iv

infrastructure for indian economy: power, transportation and communication, india's foreign trade: composition and direction, balance of payment, role of foreign direct investment, and multinational corporations.

unit-v

indian economy of the ever of independence. planning in india: objective, strategy, achievements and failures, analysis of current five years. plan. problems of poverty. unemployment at rising prices.

political science paper-i: political theory unit-i

political science - definition, nature and scope. nature and significance of political theory (traditional and modern). methods, relations with social sciences sociology, history, economics, psychology and geography.

unit-ii

power and authority - state: origin and development. state: dominant perspectives - sovereignty, pluralists criticism.

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- 22 unit-iii

citizenship rights - principles of rights, specific rights, rights and duties and human rights, liberty, equality and justices.

unit-iv

democracy - meaning, types and "theories. principles of representation. development and welfare state. legislature, executive and judiciary. theory of separation of power.

unit-v

constitution - meaning and types. types of government - dictatorship. parliamentary and presidential, unitary and federal. party system, pressure groups-feminism.

readings: 1. sir e. barker, principles of social and political theory, calcutta, oxford university press, 1976. 2. n.p. barry, introduction to modern political theory, london, macmillan, 1995. 3. s. benhabib and d. cornell, feminism as critique, cambridge, polity press, 1987. 4. s.i. benn and r.s. peters, social principles and the democratic state, london, george & allen, 1959. 5. a brecht, political theory: the foundations of twentieth century political thought, bombay, the times of india press, 1965. 6. m. carnoy, the state and poltical theory, princeton nj, princeton university press, 1984. 7. g. catlin, study of the principles of politics, london and new york, oxford university press, 1930. 8. d. coole, women in political theory: from ancient misogyny to contemporary feminism, new york, harvester wheatsheaf, 1993. 9. b. crick in defence of politics, harmondsworth, pelican books, 1963. 10. r. dahl, modern political analysis, englewood cliffs, nj, prentics hall, 1963. 11. a. preface to democratic theory, the chicago, university of chicago press, 1965. 12. j. dunn, modern revolutions, london, the clarendon press 1989. 13. d. easton the political system: an inquiry into the state of political science, new york, wiley 1953. 14. ___a systems analysis of political life, engelwood cliffs nj, prentice hall, 1965. 15. d. germino, beyond ideology: the revival of political theory, new york, harper and row, 1967. 16. b goodwin, using political idj!as, chicester, john wiley and sons, 1992. 17. n.j. hirschman, and c.d. stefano (eds.) revisioning the political feminist. 18. reconstructions of traditional concepts in western political theory, westview press, harper collins, 1996. 19. d. hoator, citizenship: the civic ideal in world history, politics and education, london, orient longman, 1990.

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- 23 20. d. held, models of democracy, cambridge, polity press, 1987. 21. ___, political theory and the modern state, cambridge, polity press, 1989. 22. ____, political theory, cambridge, polity press, 1991. paper-ii : indian government and politics unit-i

brief history of indian national movement. theme making of india's constitution and its sources. basic features of indian's constitution. preamble of indian constitution.

unit-ii

fundamental rights and duties. directive principles of state policy. the election commission and electoral reforms.

unit-iii

union government. president, parliament, cabinet and prime minister. supreme court.

unit-iv

the state government: governors, legislative council, council of ministers and the chief minister. centre - state relations.

unit-v

political parties: national and regional parties. major issues in indian politics (a) caste (b) religion (c) languages (d) region d) poverty - alleviation

ba-part - i linguistics paper-1 unit-i human brings as selectively communicating animals. the total human transaction. human communication ekuotkfr lqfof'k"v leizs"k.k'khy i'kq] lexz ekuo&o;ogkj] ekuo&leizs"k.ka unit-ii processing for meaning. verbal language nonverbal language, logic and reqsoning vfkz dk lalk/ku] okfpd hkk"kk] vokfpd hkk"kk] rdz vksj ;qfdra unit-iii improving self- communication and interpersonal communication, self communication, dyadic communication small7grouop communication vkrek&leizs"k.k vksj var% os;fdrd leizs"k.k esa lqlaldkj] \\roomnew\my documents\dec\b.a\ba-i all subject.rtf

- 24 -

vkre&leizs"k.k] ;qxe&leizs"k.k] y?kqlewg&leizs"k.ka unit-iv improving public communication, planning the message, developing the message, structuring the message, presenting the massage tuleizs"k.k esa lqlaldkj lans'k dk fu;kstu] lans'k dk fodlu] lans'k dk lajpu] lans'k dk izlrqrhdj.ka unit-v types of messages, informative speaking , persuasive speaking, establishing credibility, lans'k ds izdkj] lwpukred ckrphr] vkd"kzd ckrphr] fo'oluh;rk dh laflf)a reference books:1. fundamentals of human communication by robert g. king macmillan, newyork. 2. communicating: a social and carrier process by berko, wolvin and wolvin, houghton, boston. 3. communication: interaction through speech by aner, parish and mortenson, merrill, obio. paper-2 unit-i the nature of human language, what is language? ekuo hkk"kk dk lo:i] hkk"kk d;k gs\ unit-ii grammatical aspects of language, phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics writing. hkk"kk dk o;kdjfd.k i{k] louizfdz;k] :iizfdz;k] okd;jpuk] vfkzfokku] ys[ku unit-iii social aspects of language, language and society, language change. hkk"kk dk lkekftd i{k] hkk"kk vksj lekt] hkk"kk;h ifjorzua unit-iv the biological aspect of language, child language acquistition, animal languages, language and the brair. hkk"kk dk tsfod i{k] cppksa dh hkk"kk] i'kqvksa dh hkk"kk] hkk"kk vksjk eflr"d reference books:1. an introduction to language by fromkir and rodman, holt, newyork. a course in modern linguistics by hockett, newyork.

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- 25 -

philosophy paper-i moral philosophy (indian and western) unit-i

nature of ethics, its contents. the notions of good, right, duty, virtue, nonviolence.

unit-ii

gita : swadharma and sadha,rana dharma.

unit-iii

buddhist ethics: the four noble truths and the eight-fold path.

unit-iv

jain ethics: anuvritas and mahavrirtas

unit-v ethics of kant: maxims of kant, theories of punishment. suggested readings: 1.i.c. sharma

:

ethical philosophy of india

2. s.k. mitra

:

the ethics of hindus.

3. surma dasgupta 4. w. lillie

:

development of moral philosophy in india.

4. w. lillie

:

an introduction to ethics

5. j. hospers

:

human conduct.

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prama

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- 26 unit-ii pramana : pratyaksa, anumana, upmana and sabda. unit-iii

padarthas (vaisheshik)

unit-iv

Sources of knowledge, elementary introduction of rationalism, empiricism and kant's theory of criticism

unit-v god: nature, proofs for existance. suggested reakings : 1. s.c. chatterjee 2. s.k. maitra

: :

3. m.hirriyanna 4. s.c. chatterjee & d.m. dutta 5. c.d. sharma 6. w.h. walsh 7. a.c. ewing 8. d.w. hamlyn 9. russel 10. lqjunz oekz

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the nyaya theory of knowledge fundamental questions of indian metaphysios and logic outlines of india philosophy an introduction to indian philosophy a critical survey of indian philosophy, metaphysics fundamental questions of philosophy theory of knowledge history of philosophy voll i & ii

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psychology paper-i basic psychological processes objectives: the course will familiarize students with the basic psychological processes and the studies relating to the factors which influence them. it will also focus on some important application areas of psychology.

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- 27 unit-i

1. introduction definition and goals of psychology; approaches: biological psychodynamic behaviorist, cognitive, methods: experiment, observation interview, questionnaire. 2. biological bases of behaviour human evolution; genes and behaviour, hormones and glands; nervous system, the neuron, central nervous system and peripheral nervous system.

unit-ii 1

states of mind nature of consciousness; changes in consciousness: day dreaming, sleep and dreaming; extended states of consciousness: hypnosis, meditation, and hallucinations. 2. sensory - perceptual processes visual and auditory senses: structure and functions: attentional processes: selective and sustained attention; perceptual orgarisation; determinants of perception; form, space and depth perception.

unit-iii

1. learning classical and operant conditioning; basic processes: extinction, spontaneous recovery. generalisation and discrimination; transfer of training; reinforcement schedules; verbal learning; observational learning. 2. memories and forgetting if encoding, storage and retrieval processes; sensory, short-term and longterm memories, mnemonics; constructive memory; forgetting: decay, interference, retrieval failure, motivated forgetting.

unit-iv

1. motivations and emotion. biogenic and sociogenic motives; intrinsic-extrinsic framework; the need hierarchy model: emotions: development, theorj_s of emotion; culture and emotions; physiological correlates: polygraphic technique. 2. personality trait and type approaches; biological and socio-cultural determinants; techniques of assessment: psychometric and projective. .

un it-v

1. intelligence psychometric theories and cognitive science approach: genetic and environmental influences: intelligence tests; interpretation of test scores. 2. thinking and reasoning thinking process; concepts, imagery and cognitive maps; inductive and deductive reasoning; problem solving approaches; solution strategies and mental sets.

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- 28 readings.: baron, a.a. (1995). psychology: the essential science. new york: allyn & bacon. zimbardo, p.g. & weber, a.l. (1997). psychology. new york: harper collins college publishers. lefton, la. (1985). psychology. boston: allyn & baron

v:.k dqekj flga ¼1985½ mpprj lkeku; euksfokku eksrhyky cukjlhnkl] okjk.klh vkuun iqjksfgr&iz;ksxkred euksfokku fieldman a.s. understanding psychology, tata mc graw hill new delhi. paper-ii psychopathology objectives 1. to impart knowledge about the normality and abnormality. 2. to make students understand the nature and course of various abnormal conditions. 3. to impart knowledge and skills needed for psychological assessment of different abnormal conditions.

unit-i

1. 2.

unit-ii

unit-iii

introduction to psychopathology: the concept of normality and abnormality. psychological models of psychopathology: psychodynamic, behavioural, cognitive behavioural and existential.

1.

some prominent symptoms of mental illness: delusions; hallucinations, obsessions, compulsions etc.

2.

psychological assessment of psychopathology: diagnostic tests, rating scales, history taking interview, general information about projective tests.

1.

anxiety disorders: panic disorder and agoraphobia, specific phobias, social phobia; obsessive compulsive disorder, generalised anxiety disorder. 2. somatoform disorders: hypochondriasis and conversion reaction. 3. mood disorders: manic episode, depressive episode, bipolar affective disorder.

unit-iv

1. 2.

schizophrenia: delusional disorder, brief psychotic disorder. disorders due to psychoactive substance use: alcohol and drug dependence.

unit-v

1.

personality disorders: paranoid, schizoid, dissociative, impulsive, borderline, anxious avoidence, dependent personality. stress disorders: stress due to normal calamities like earthquake, storm etc., and life events

2.

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- 29 readings: 1. lamm, a. (1997). introduction to psychopathology, n.y.: sage 2. buss a.h. (1999). psychopathology. n.y. : john wiley. 3. azimurrahaman, abnormal psychology, motilal banarasidas, varanasi (in hindi) 4. singh a.k., abnormal psychology, motilal banarasidas, varanasi 5. pestoneji, d.m. (1999) stress and coping: the indian experience, n. delhi, sage 6. misra g. (1999) psychologica1 perspective on stress and health, n. delhi, concept 7. lazaws r.s. & folkman s. (1984) stress appraisal and coping n.y. springer 8. udupa, k.n. (1985) stress and its management by yoga, delhi, motilal banarasidas 9. corson, butcher & codeman (1997) abnormal psychology and modern life, 8th ed. sectt. froesman & co.

psychology practicals 50 marks objectives: 1. to develop interest and excitement, towards psychological phenomena. 2. to develop an awareness of psychological tools and techniques. 3. to provide basic training in planning and conducting experiments. 4. to nurture the skills of observation. 5. to facilitate understanding of psychological constructs and their application to problem solving. 6. to facilitate processes of self-understanding. training in psychology practical at ba part i level should be linked with theory papers taught in classes and emphasis should be given on phenomena of theoretical course for which activities and assessment of activities shall on a continuous basis. the activities should be interactive and participative. departments may choose the activities, they want to focus on based on course offered. for experimental demonstration/application of various psychological phenomena students need to be encouraged for observation and application of laboratory work on the basis of content of paper taught in b.a. part i. practicals 1. attention and factors influencing attention. 2. perception: form, space and depth perception and determinants, of perception. 3. learning: process, extinction, generalization, discrimination transfer of training, effect of reinforcement on learning, effect of motivation and cognition on learning, factors responsible for verbal learning. 4. memory and forgetting: encoding, storage and retrieval processes. retrieval in long term memory and short term memory. factors responsible for forgetting.

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5.

6. 7. 8.

- 30 emotion and motivation: effect of conflict and frustration on motivation, recognition of motivation, assessment of motivation and hierarchy of motivation. emotion: development, expression and control, factors affecting, psychological basis of emotion and effect of culture on emotional expression. intelligence: study of la. through verbal and nonverbal intelligence tests. personality: assessment of personality through personality inventory, types, anxiety tests, frustration test adjustment, inventory projective techniques. thinking and reasoning: study of concepts formation, problem solving and effect of category set on problem solving.

note:-

test of performance. with the help of psychological tools student will be able to improve his understanding of himself and of others. student will be able to acquaint himself with available good tests and their manuals which will improve theoretical understanding. development of observational skills: for development skills towards their immediate environment development of sensitivity and psychological insight is necessary. for this they should write observation report on different field like, i)

during course of observation of t.v. programmes they should observe childhood, old age and women image and write down their ideas.

ii)

during different life situations like, family relationships, religious beliefs and adjustment pattern of person in different stressful conditions - accident, death etc.

facilitating understanding of self and others: i) ii)

the student should be asked to maintain diaries, describe their personal experience. assignment on stress management emphasizing on relaxation technique.

exercise on communication skills: to enhance competency in oral and written communication, presentation and listening various exercises will be undertaken. note: students are expected to perform four experiments, four tests and four activities total, one from each area, during the session.

geography frame work - u.g. level in b.a. part one max. marks: 50 each paper-i

:

physical geography (lithosphere)

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- 31 paper-ii paper-iii

: :

introduction to geography and human geography practical - cartography and surveying i

b.a. part two max. marks: 50 each paper-i paper-ii paper-iii

physical geography ii (climatologic and oceanography) economic geography practical - cartography and surveying ii b.a. part three max. marks: 50 each

paper-i

geography of india

paper-ii

resources and environment

paper-iii

practical - cartography and surveying iii

GEOGRAPHY b.a./b.sc. (general) part one there will be two theoretical papers of 50 marks each in b.a. part i. the practical paper shall have 50 marks. paper-i : physical geography (lithosphere) paper-ii : introduction to geography and human geography paper-iii : practical geography note:-1. 2. 3. 1. 2.

each theory paper shall be of 3 hours duration. each theory paper will be divided into 5 units and candidates will have internal choice within the unit. the time & division of marks in practical exam shall be as follows lab work 25 marks 3 hours survey 10 marks 2 hours

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- 32 3. 4.

practical record viva voce

-

10 marks 05 marks

paper-i physical geography (lithosphere) objectives: the objective of this course is to introduce the latest concepts in physical geography, essentially geomorphology; to the students of geography in a brief but adequate manner. unit-i

the nature and scope of physical geography; inter-relation of physical geography with other braches of earth sciences; the origin of the earth: important theories - nebular, tidal, planetesimal, supernova, ottoschmid; age of earth; geological time scale.

unit-ii

earth's interior, wegner's theory of continental drift; plate tectonics. earth movements - organic and eperogenic. isostasy, earthquakes and volcanoes.

unit-iii

rocks - types, origin and composition of rocks: weathering; formation of regolith and soils; rocks and relief. geomorphic agents and processes: erosion, transportion and deposition, mass wasting.

unit-iv

evolution of landforms, concept of cycle of erosion, views of davis and penck, interruptions of cycle of erosion. fluvial arid, glacial, karst and coastal landforms.

unit-

application of geomorphology to human activities: settlements, transport, land use mining; resource evaluation; environmental hazards and assessment.

suggested reading: 1. dayal, p. a. text book of geomorphology. shukla book depot, patna, 1996. 2. dury, g.h. : the face of the earth, penguins, 1980. 3. ernst, wg. : earth systems - process and issues. cambridge university press, 2000. 4. icssr : a survey of researrch in physical geography. concept, new delhi, 1983. 5. kale v. and gupta, a : element of geomorphology, oxford university press, calcutta, 2001. 6. monkhouse f.j. : principles of physical geography. hodder and stoughton, london, 1960. 7. pitty, a. : introduction to geomorphology, methuen, london, 1974. \\roomnew\my documents\dec\b.a\ba-i all subject.rtf

- 33 8. sharma, h.s. : tropical geomorphology, concept, new delhi, 1987. 9. singh, s. : geomorphology, longmans, london, 1960. 10. small, r.j : the study of landf9rms, mcgraw hill, new york, 1985. 11. sparks, b.w : geomorphology, longmans, london, 1960. 12. steers, j.a. : the unstable earth. some recent views in geography, kalyani publishers, new delhi, 1964. 13. strahler, a.n. : environmental geo-science, hamilton publishing, santa barbara, 1973. 14. strahler, a.n. and strahler, a.h. : modern physical geography: john wiley & sons, revised edition 1992. 15. summerfield, ma : global geomorpholgy, longman, 1991. 16. thornbury wd. : principles of geomorphology wiley eastern, 1969. 17. wooldridge s.w and morgan, r.s. : the physical basis of geography an outline of geomorphology, longman green & co., london, 1959. 18. wooldrige, s.w : the geographer as scientist thomas nelson and sons ltd., london, 1956.

paper-ii

introduction to geography and human geography

objective: the first two units of the paper intend to acquaint the students with distinctiveness of geography as field of learning in social science as well as in natural science. the philosophy and methodology of the subject is discussed in such a way that students develop a keen interest in the subject and pursue it for higher studies. last three units acquaint the students with the nature of man environment relationship and human capability to adopt an modify the environment under its varied conditions. unit-i

the nature of geography-definition, scope approach, objectives and relevance; place of geography in the classification of sciences; geography and other disciplines.

unit-ii

geography as the study of environment, man-environment relationship; ecology and ecosystem; environmental determinism, possibilism, neodeterminism; dualism in geography - systematic/regional; physical/human; complementarily.

unit-iii

nature and scope of human geography. branches of human geography. division of manking into racial groups - their characteristics and distribution. human adaptation to the environment: (i) cold region - eskimo; (ii) hot region bushman, beduin, (iii) plateau - gonds, masai, (iv) mountain - gujjars nqmads

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- 34 (v) regions of recurrent floods, droughts and other natural haz'ards; adapttion in modern society - agricultural, urban and metropolitan unit-iv

distribution of population; world distribution pattern - physical, economic and social factors influencing. spatial distribution; population growth; migration internal and international. population conflicts and conflict resolution in development and developing world. settlements - rural and urban: patterns and world distribution.

unit-v

a brief historical over view of geography as a discipline; recent trends in geography with special reference to india; imperatives for the future; career opportunities for geographers. geopolitical condlicts. frontiers and boundaries, indian ocean and world politics.

suggested readings: geographic thought 1. abler, ronald. f. et at geography's inner world: pervasive themes in contemporary american geography; routlege new jersey, 1992. 2. dikshit rd. geographical thought - a contextual history of ideas. prentice hall of india pvt. ltd. 2000. 3. dohrs. f. e. and sommers, l.w (eds). introduction to geography, thomas y. crowell co., new york, 1967. 4. hartshorne, richard: perspective on the nature of geography, rand mcnally and co., chicago, 1959. 5. harvey, david: explanation in geography, edward-arnold, london, 1972. 6. holt-jensen, a. : geography: its history and concepts, longmans, 1980. 7. husain, majid: evaluation of geographical thought, rawat publications, jaipur 1984. 8. james, p,e. : all possible worlds: a history of geographical ideas, sachin publications, jaipur 1980. 9. johnston, r.j. and claval, p. (eds.) : geography since the second world war, croom helm, london/bernes and noble, n.j., 1984. 10. jones, p.a. : fieldwork in. geography, longmans, 1968. 11. lownsburg, j.f. and aldricah. f.t. : introduction to geographical methods and techniques, charrles marril, columbus, 1979. 12. minshull, r. : the changing nature of geography, hutchinson university library, london, 1970. 13. wooldridge, s.w. : the geographer as scientist, thomas nelson and sons ltd, london, 1956. suggested reading: human geography 1. bergwan, edward e : human geography: culture, connections and landscape, prentice hall, new jersey 1995. 2. carr, m: patterns, process and change in human geography, macmillan education, london, 1987. 3. fellman, j.l. : human geography - landscapes of human activities. brow and benchman pub. u.s.a. 1997. 4. de blij h.j. : human geography, culture, society and space, john wiley, new york, 1996. \\roomnew\my documents\dec\b.a\ba-i all subject.rtf

- 35 5. johnston, r.j. (editor). : dictionary, of human.

practical: cartography and surveying i objectives: geography is an amalgam of physical as well as social sciences and as such, it is necessary for students to go through laboratory exercise, particularly the techniques of drawing cartograms showing physical, climatic and socio-economic of a region. to achieve this objective, the concept of scale is to be understood at the initial state. unit-i

the nature and scope of cartography. scale : scale by statement, linear scale : plain, comparative and diagonal; representative fraction. enlargement and reduction of map. diagrammatic representation of geographical data-types of diagramme, bar and coloumn charts, line graph, circle diagramme, sector diagramme, pie diagramme,

unit-ii

unit-iii

drawing of climograph and hytherg'raph and their interpretation, representation of temperature, pressure and rainfall data by line and bar graphs.

unit-iv

methods of showing relief: (hachures, shading, contours and layer tints); representation of different landforms by contours. contours interpolation, drawing of profiles: cross and long profiles and their relevance in landform mapping and analysis.

unit-v

surveying - basic principles of surveying, types of surveying, surveying by chain and tape. "

suggested readings: 1. misra, rp. and ramesh, a. fundamentals of cartography, mcmillan co., new delhi, 1986 2. pal, s.k. statistics for geoscientists: techniques and applications, concept, new delhi 1998 3. robinson, ah. et al. : elements of cartography, john wiley & sons, u.s.a. 1995 4. sarkar, ak : practical geography: a systematic approach, oriental longman, calcutta, 1997

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