Antidotes

ANTIDOTES

 Acetaminophen

– Acetylcysteine  Management of acute bleeding syndromes from fibrinolysis – Aminocaproic acid  Anticholinesterases – Atropine  Calcium channel blocker: overdose – calcium chloride, calcium gluconate

 Various

poisons (acetaminophen, benzodiazepine) – activated charcoal  Iron: acute or chronic toxicity – deferoxamine  Doxorubicin – dexrazoxane  Digoxin – digoxin immune fab

 Acute

and chronic mercury poisoning – dimercaprol  Lead poisoning, calcium overdose, digitalis toxicity – edetate calcium disodium (calcium disodium versenate) – edetate disodium (Disotate, Endrate)  Benzodiazepine – flumazenil (Romazicon)  Insulin overdose/ shock –glucagon  Methotrexate – leucovorin calcium (wellcovorin)

 Ifosfamide

– mesna )Mesnex)  Cyanide or nitrite poisoning – methylene blue (urolene blue)  Opioid overdose – nalmefene naloxone naltrexone  Nondepolarizing neuromuscular junction blockers – neostigmine  Copper - penicillamine

 Anticholinergics,

including tricyclic antidepressants and diazepam overdoses – physostigmine (antilirium)  Organophosphate pesticides and chemicals with anticholinesterase activity – pralidoxime chloride (protopam chloride)  Heparin – protamine sulfate  Isoniazid – pyrodixine (Nestrex, beesix)

 Lead

– succimer (Chemet)  Oral anticoagulant – vitamin K (Mephyton, Aquamephytom)