Amra 4-chem Composition 2 Bibliography

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Chemical composition Magniferin Gallotannin Gallic and M-digallic acids Ethylegallate Isoquerecetin Quercetin β –sitosterol Epicatechin β – Carotene α –Xanthophyll Citric acid Ellagic acid Malic acid M-trigallic acids Riboflavin Magniferol Isoamyl alcohols Leucine Tyrosine Valine Magniferonic acid Magniferolic acid Hydroxymagniferonic acids

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Mgneferin-3- methylether

Toxicology The LD 50 of Mangiferin in albino rats was 365 mg/kg i.p. The LD 50of 50% ethanolic extract of the whole plant (excluding root) is reported to be more than 1000 mg/ kg i.p. in mice.

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Parts Used

Stem Bark Leaf Flower Seed kernel Root

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Therapeutic uses चरक १.चछदाम्- जषंवामयोः पललवज क ं

ा यिंपबेतसुशीतमंधुसंयुतवंा।

ष

- च.िच.२३/२८ ं थामिसथरसः..…… २. घाणातपवृते रकते - नसय त ॥

- च.िच.४/९७

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वृनद ३. रकताितसारे- आमाजुुनतवचः । पीताः कीरेण मधवादाः पृथकशोिणतवारणाः ॥

- अितसारािधकारे चकदत ४. पलीहोदरे- पलीहवयुपरमो योगः पकवामरसोऽथवा समधुः ।

- पलीहािचिकतसा Juice of ripe mango added with honey is useful in enlargement of spleen. भावपकाश ५. मतसयभकणजे अजीणे- आममामफलं मतसये । ६. मासभोजनजे अजीणे- तदीज ि ं

प िशतेिहतम्।

७. अितसारे- ……तथामधयतवगामजा ं

अितसार व

ादाहहंनतयेवाशुनसंशयः॥

यथ

वङसेन ८. पकवाितसारे- नवचूतसय पणािन किपतथफलमेव च । े कवाितसारशालये॥

िपषटवा तणडुलतोयेन प ९. शोथे- पुननुवापतेरसालमूलं संकुद तोयाममुणशेषिसदम् । चतुथुभागेन घृत ि समसेिवत व

ं

पकवपंसथनतुततकलकपलाषके॥

ं

व ा

त

बलासरोगान्सवाशअहोथानिपदसुतराश।

गुलमोदपलीहगुदोदवाश िनहिनत विनह कुरते िह पुंसाम् ॥ १०. बालाना मुखपाके- मुखपाके तु बलानामामसारयोरजः। गैिरकं कौदसंयुकत भ

ं

ेषजस ं रसाञनम्॥

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केमकुतूहलम् ११. आमपानम् ं

सुपकवमामसय फलं सुमुिषना संमिहत श एलालवगंादुकवासवािसत व पानकं तवामसमभूत स सहृद श

ं ं

ं

णा

व

कुरयासमिनवतम्। ं सयनरोचकपदम्। िनवतक

ादमलंगुरिपतिजत्। ं िचपदम्॥ षमकृदबलयवंणयुवंृषयर

ल े

शाङुधरः १२. चछदाम्- बीजपूरामजमबूना पललवािन जटाः पृथक् । िवपचेत् पुटपाकेन कौदयुकतश तदसः ॥ चछिदु िनवारयेद घ

ोरासवुदोषसमुदवाम्।

्

१३. जवरे- आमजमबूिकसलयैः वटशुङपरोहकैः । उशीरेण कृतः फाणटः सकौदौ जवरनाशनः ॥ १४. रकतिपते- आमजमबू च ककुभ च ं

ू

णीकृतयजलेिकपतेत्। ं कतिपतजम्॥

िहमं तसय िपबेतपातः सकौद र १५. दारणे- आमबीजसय चूणु त ं दगुधिपषः पलेपोऽय द

ं

ु

िशवाचूणुसमंदयम्। ा

रणंहिनतदारणम्।

Atisara: Seed kernel of Amra, jambu, bilwa, kapittha and shunthi should be taken with liquid gruel in case of diarrhoea. (ch.ci.8/127) Chardi & Atisara: Decoction of Bilwa and seed kernel of Amra mixed with honey and sugar checks vomiting and diarrhoea. Atisara: Tender leaves of Amra and kapittha fruit arte pounded together and taken with rice water in case of diarrhea. (B.S. Atisaara.61)

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Rakta-Atisara: Bark of Shallaki, Badari, Jambu, Priyaala, Amra and Arjuna mixed with honey taken with milk checks haemorrhage in diarrhea. (VM.3.41) Chardi & Atisara: Decoction of seed kernel of Amra and Bilwa added with honey and sugar. It controls severe vomiting and diarrhea. (VM. 3.41) Rakta-Atisara: Juice of Amra bark extracted by Putapaaka is added with oil and taken. It alleviates diarrhea with blood and mucus. (VM.6.7) Raktapitta: One should take cold infusion of Amra, jambu and Arjuna added with honey in Raktapitta. (sha.Sam. 2.4.2, Su.Sam.U. 45.23) Epistaxis: In Epistaxis, the juice of mango seed is instilled into the nostrils. (Ch.Chi.4) Chardi: Linctus made of Mango-seed kernel, parched paddy and rock salt with honey checks vomiting. (VM.66.11) Chardi: Leaves and roots of Bijapura, Amra and Jambu are cooked by closed heating. Intake of the juice so obtained is taken with honey. It alleviates severe vomiting. (Sha.Sam. 2.1.32.33) Trishna & Chardi: Decoction of Amra and jambu added with honey alleviates all types of vommiting and thirst. (VM.16.10) Sun-Stroke :Roasted tender fruits of Amra are added with water and mixed with Jiraka, Salt and Maricha. It should be taken in proper dose b one afflicted with Sun stroke. (Siddha Bhaishajya Manimala 4.38) Spleen Enlargement: Juice of ripe mango added with honey is useful in enlargement of spleen. Puyameha (Gunorrhoea): Bark of Mango is pounded and added with milk and sugar. This is efficacious in Gonorrhoea if taken for a fortnight. (S.B.M. 4.8.10) Skin disease : Pulp of mango fruit mixed with rock salt is rubbed with water in acoppe vessel. This is applied on the skin in psoriasis. (VS Kushtha.113) Dandruff : Equal powders of mango seed and haritaki are pounded together with milk and applied to the scalp in case of dandruff. (S.G. 3.11.20) Slackness of Vagina : Paste made of mango seed kernel, honey and camphor is applied to vagina.It makes the vagina contracted and firm. (S.G. 3.11.111) Stomatitis : In stomatitis of children, seed kernel of Mango, Lauha Bhasm, red ochre and rasanjana mixed with honey. (B.S. Balaroga-108) Indigestion : In indigestion caused by fish and meat, unripe fruit and seed of mango are useful respectively. (B.P. Chi.6.139)

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Oedema : Gheee cooked with the decoction of Punarnava leaves and Amra root alleviates all types of Oedema, Vaatabalasaka, Gulma, Udara, spleenomegally, piles and Dyspepsia. (B.S.Shotha.93-94) Loss of Relish : Amra paanaka. (kshema kutuhala 11.21,12.52-55) Fever: Hot infusion prepared of tender leaves of amra and Jambu, leaf buds and hanging roots of Vata and Ushira mixed with honey allays fever. (S.G. 2.3.6)

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Posology क्वाथ-

50-100ml

पुषप ् चूणण्स्वणस-

1-4 gm

1-2 gm

बीज चूणण्-

1-3 gm

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Yogaas

पुशयानुग चूणु आमपानक वृदगङाधर चूणु जाितफल रस जामबवािद कवाथ अशोकािरष मधुकादावलेह चनदनािद चूणु धाती आम कुबजकाद अञन मधुक आम ितफला आम लेप दिधक घृत सहचयािद तैल पञचपललव कवाथ जमबवािद सवरस आमािद तैल

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Research 1.

Protective effects of Mangifera indica L extract (Vimang), and its major component mangiferin, on iron-induced oxidative damage to rat serum and liver

a

Departamento de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Centro de Química Farmacéutica, Calle 200, Esq. 21, Playa, Ciudad de La Habana, Cuba In vivo preventive effects of a Mangifera indica L extract (Vimang) or its major component mangiferin on iron overload injury have been studied in rats given respectively, 50, 100, 250 mg kg−1 body weight of Vimang, or 40 mg kg−1 body weight of mangiferin, for 7 days prior to, and for 7 days following the administration of toxic amounts of iron-dextran. Both Vimang or mangiferin treatment prevented iron overload in serum as well as liver oxidative stress, decreased serum and liver lipid peroxidation, serum GPx activity, and increased serum and liver GSH, serum SOD and the animals overall antioxidant condition. Serum iron concentration was decreased although at higher doses, Vimang tended to increase it; percent tranferrin saturation, liver weight/body mass ratios, liver iron content was decreased. Treatment increased serum ironbinding capacity and decreased serum levels of aspartate-amine transferase (ASAT) and alanineamine transferase (ALAT), as well as the number of abnormal Kupffer cells in iron-loaded livers. It is suggested that besides acting as antioxidants, Vimang extract or its mangiferin component decrease liver iron by increasing its excretion. Complementing earlier in vitro results from our group, it appears possible to support the hypothesis that Vimang and mangiferin present therapeutically useful effects in iron overload related diseases.

2.

Mangifera indica L. extract (Vimang) inhibits Fe2+-citrate-induced lipoperoxidation in isolated rat liver mitochondria

a

Departamento de Patologia Clínica, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brasil. The extract of Mangifera indica L. (Vimang) is able to prevent iron mediated mitochondrial damage by means of oxidation of reduced transition metals required for the production of superoxide and hydroxyl radicals and direct free radical scavenging activity. In this study we report for the first time the iron-complexing ability of Vimang as a primary mechanism for protection of rat liver mitochondria against Fe2+-citrate-induced lipoperoxidation. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and antimycin A-insensitive oxygen consumption were used

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as quantitative measures of lipoperoxidation. Vimang at 10 μM mangiferin concentration equivalent induced near-full protection against 50 μM Fe2+-citrate-induced mitochondrial swelling and loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential (ΔΨ). The IC50value for Vimang protection against Fe2+-citrate-induced mitochondrial TBARS formation (7.89 ± 1.19 μM) was around 10 times lower than that for tert-butylhydroperoxide mitochondrial induction of TBARS formation. The extract also inhibited the iron citrate induction of mitochondrial antimycin Ainsensitive oxygen consumption, stimulated oxygen consumption due to Fe2+ autoxidation and prevented Fe3+ ascorbate reduction. The extracted polyphenolic compound, mainly mangiferin, could form a complex with Fe2+, accelerating Fe2+ oxidation and the formation of more stable Fe3+-polyphenol complexes, unable to participate in Fenton-type reactions and lipoperoxidation propagation phase. The strong DPPH radical scavenging activity with an apparent IC50 of 2.45 ± 0.08 μM suggests that besides its iron-complexing capacity, Vimang could also protect mitochondria from Fe2+-citrate lipoperoxidation through direct free radical scavenging ability, mainly lipoperoxyl and alcoxyl radicals, acting as both a chain-breaking and iron-complexing antioxidant. These results are of pharmacological relevance since Vimang could be a potential candidate for antioxidant therapy in diseases related to abnormal intracellular iron distribution or iron overload.

3.

Interaction of Vimang (Mangifera indica L. extract) with Fe(III) improves its antioxidant and cytoprotecting activity

a

Departamento de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Centro de Química Farmacéutica, Calle 200, Esq. 21, Playa, Ciudad de La Habana, Cuba. A standard aqueous stem bark extract from selected species of Mangifera indica L. (Anacardiaceae)—Vimang, whose major polyphenolic component is mangiferin, displays potent in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activity. The present study provides evidence that the Vimang–Fe(III) mixture is more effective at scavenging 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and superoxide radicals, as well as in protecting against t-butyl hydroperoxide-induced mitochondrial lipid peroxidation and hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced hepatocytes injury, compared to Vimang alone. Voltammetric assays demonstrated that Vimang, in line with the high mangiferin content of the extract, behaves electrochemically like mangiferin, as well as interacts with Fe(III) in close similarity with mangiferin's interaction with the cation. These results justify the high efficiency of Vimang as an agent protecting from iron-induced oxidative damage. We propose Vimang as a potential therapy against the deleterious action of reactive oxygen species generated during iron-overload, such as that occurring in diseases like β-thalassemia, Friedreich's ataxia and haemochromatosis.

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4.

Antihyperglycaemic effect of Mangifera indica in rat

Department of Pharmacology University of Calabar, Nigeria The leaves of Mangifera indica are used as an antidiabetic agent in Nigerian folk medicine. To determine whether or not there is a scientific basis for this use, the effect of the aqueous extract of the leaves on blood glucose level was assessed in normoglycaemic, glucose - induced hyperglycaemic and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. The aqueous extract given orally (1 g/kg) did not alter the blood glucose levels in either normoglycaemic or STZ-induced diabetic rats. In glucose - induced hyperglycaemia, however, antidiabetic activity was seen when the extract and glucose were administered simultaneously and also when the extract was given to the rats 60 min before the glucose. The hypoglycaemic effect of the aqueous extract was compared with that of an oral dose of chlorpropamide (200 mg/kg) under the same conditions. The results of this study indicate that the aqueous extract of the leaves ofMangifera indica possess hypoglycaemic activity. This action may be due to an intestinal reduction of the absorption of glucose. However, other different mechanisms of action cannot be excluded. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 5.

Antibacterial activity of Amchur (Dried Pulp of Unripe Mangifera indica) extracts on some food borne bacteria

Department of Microbiology, C.C.S university, Meerut- 250005, India

To assess the antimicrobial activities of amchur extract on some food borne bacteria under invitro conditions and to determine the MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) of the herbal extract against the test bacteria. The antibacterial activity of amchur (dried pulp of unripe Mangifera indica) extract (50% ethanol) was tested against ten bacterial strains (7 Gram-positive and 3 Gram-negative), mostly belongs to foodborne pathogens, by agar well diffusion method. The crude extract showed a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity be inhibiting both the groups of bacteria. Minimal inhibitory concentration of the spice against each test organism was also studied by observing their growth on Mueller Hinton Agar containing the spice extract at various incremental levels, equivalent to 62.5-500mg/mL of spice. The extract was most effective against Staphylococcus aureus (26.0mm). Bacillus mycoides was found to be the most sensitive, survived only up to 62.5mg/mL concentration of the spice, followed by Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (125mg/mL), whereas Micrococcus luteus was found to be the most resistant organism which survived up to 500mg/mL. The chief significance of the above

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study was to search for the alternatives to chemical preservatives used in various food industries so as to minimize their side effects and simultaneously improving the shelf life of the food products. This study shows the potential to replace the synthetic preservatives by the use of natural extracts of amchur in various suitable food products.

6.

Anti-inflammatory, analgesic and hypoglycaemic effects of Mangifera indica Linn. (Anacardiaceae) stem-bark aqueous extract

Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Ilorin, Nigeria. Previous studies in our laboratories and elsewhere have shown that some members of Anacardiaceae family possess antiinflammatory, analgesic and hypoglycemic effects in man and mammalian experimental animals. The present study was, therefore, undertaken to examine the antiinflammatory, analgesic and antidiabetic properties of the stem-bark aqueous extract of Mangifera indica Linn., M. indica a member of the Anacardiaceae family, in rats and mice. The stem-bark powder of M. indica was Soxhlet extracted with distilled water and used. The analgesic effect of the plant's extract was evaluated by the hot-plate and acetic acid test models of pain in mice, while the antiinflammatory and antidiabetic effects of the stem-bark extract were investigated in rats, using fresh egg albumin-induced paw edema, and streptozotocin (STZ)induced diabetes mellitus, respectively. Morphine (MPN, 10 mg/kg i.p.), diclofenac (DIC, 100 mg/kg i.p.), and chlorpropamide (250 mg/kg p.o.) were used respectively as reference analgesic, antiinflammatory, and hypoglycemic agents for comparison. M. indica stem-bark aqueous extract (MIE, 50-800 mg/kg i.p.) produced dose-dependent and significant (p < 0.05-0.001) analgesic effects against thermally and chemically induced nociceptive pain stimuli in mice. MIE (50-800 mg/kg i.p.) also significantly (p < 0.05-0.001) inhibited fresh egg albumin-induced paw edema, and caused significant (p < 0.05-0.001) hypoglycemic effects in rats. It is suggested that the analgesic effects of MIE (50-800 mg/kg i.p.) may be peripherally and centrally mediated. The different chemical constituents of the plant, especially the polyphenolics, flavonoids, triterpenoids, mangiferin, and other chemical compounds present in the plant may be involved in the observed antiinflammatory, analgesic, and hypoglycemic effects of the plant's extract. However, the results of this experimental animal study lend pharmacological credence to the suggested folkloric uses of the plant in the management and control of painful, arthritic and other inflammatory conditions,

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as well as in the management of adult-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus in some rural African communities.

7.

Evaluation of the antidiabetic action of Mangifera indica in mice

Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Ilorin, Nigeria Department of Pharmacology, University of Calabar, Nigeria The leaves of Mangifera indica were assessed for antidiabetic properties using normoglycaemic, glucose-induced hyperglycaemia and streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic mice. The aqueous extract produced a reduction of blood glucose level in normoglycaemic and glucose-induced hyperglycaemia, but did not have any effect on streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. The hypoglycaemic effect of the aqueous extract was compared with that of an oral dose of chlorpropamide under the same conditions. The results of this study indicate that the aqueous extract of the leaves of Mangifera indica possess hypoglycaemic activity. 8.

Flavonoids from Mangifera indica and Emblica officinalis —effectiveness for dyslipidemia

Department of Biochemistry, University of Kerala, Kariavattom, Trivandrum 695 581, Kerala, India Flavonoids from Emblica officinalis and Mangifera indica effectively reduce lipid levels in serum and tissues of rats induced hyperlipidemia. Hepatic HMG CoA reductase activity was significantly inhibited in rats fed E. officinalisflavonoids. But increase of this enzyme was observed in rats administered M. indica flavonoids. LCAT showed elevated levels in rats fed flavonoids from E. officinalis and M. indica. The degradation and elimination of cholesterol was highly enhanced in both the groups. In E. officinalis, the mechanism of hypolipidemic action is by the concerted action of inhibition of synthesis and enhancement of degradation. In the other group (M. indica) inhibition of cholesterogenesis was not encountered but highly significant degradation of cholesterol was noted, which may be the pivotal factor for hypolipidemic activity in this case. Though the mechanisms differ in the two cases, the net effect is to lower lipid levels.

9.

Antioxidant action of flavonoids from Mangifera indica and Emblica officinalis in hypercholesterolemic rats

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Department of Biochemistry, University of Kerala, Kariavattom, Thiruvananthapuram- 695 581, India The oral administration of flavonoids from Mangifera indica and Emblica officinalis at a dose of 10 mg kg−1 body weight day−1 showed significant antioxidant action in cholesterol-fed experimental rats. The antioxidant activity of flavonoids was investigated on the basis of their effects on the activities of oxidative free radical scavenging enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase, and reduced glutathione and lipid peroxide contents. The activities of free radical-scavenging enzymes were significantly elevated and lipid peroxide content was significantly decreased in flavonoid-treated hypercholesterolemic rats.

10. Analgesic

and anti-inflammatory effects of Mangifera indica L. extract

Centro de Química Farmacéutica, P.O. Box 16042, Atabey, Playa, Ciudad de La Habana, Cuba. Vimang is an aqueous extract of Mangifera indica used in Cuba to improve the quality of life in patients suffering from elevated stress. To assess its possible analgesic and antiinflammatory effects, the results of a standard extract evaluation are presented. Analgesia was determined using acetic acid-induced abdominal constriction and formalin-induced licking. Antiinflammatory effects were evaluated using carrageenan- and formalin-induced oedema. Vimang (501000 mg/kg, p.o.) exhibited a potent and dose-dependent antinociceptive effect against acetic acid test in mice. The mean potency (DE50) was 54.5 mg/kg and the maximal inhibition attained was 94.4%. Vimang (20-1000 mg/kg, p.o.) dose-dependently inhibited the second phase of formalin-induced pain but not the first phase. The DE50 of the second phase was 8.4 mg/kg and the maximal inhibition was 99.5%, being more potent than indomethacin at doses of 20 mg/kg. Vimang (20-1000 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly inhibited oedema formation (p < 0.01 or p < 0.05) of both carrageenan- and formalin-induced oedema in rat, guinea-pigs and mice (maximal inhibitions: 39.5, 45.0 and 48.6, respectively). The inhibitions were similar to those produced by indomethacin and sodium naproxen, p.o. The different polyphenols found in Vimang could account for the antinociceptive and antiinflammatory actions reported here for the first time for M. indica bark aqueous extract. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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References आमण्ाः पञ्चिवधाः पण्ोक्ता जमबूशैव चतुिवण्धाः । साधाणण आमण् – आमण्ः कामणाण श् चूणसालः तो कामवल्लभः । कामाङ्ग सहकाण श् कीणेष् च टो माधवदृमः ॥ भृङ्गाभीष्टः सीधुणसो मधुली कोिकलोत्सवः । वसन्तदूतोऽम्लफलो मदाढ्यो मन्मथालयः । मध्वावासः सुमदनः िपकणागो नृपिपण्यः ॥ िपण्याम्बु कोिकलावासः स पण्ोक्तिस्तण्कणाहृयः ॥ गुण आमण्ः कषायाम्लणसःसुगिन्धः कण्ठमयध्नोऽिग्नकण श् बालः च । िपत्तपण्कोपािनलणक्तदोषपण्दः पटुतव ् ािद िणिच पण्द श् ॥ च पण्युज्याङ्ग त्वक्, पुष्प, फल, बीज मातण्ा क्वाथ- 50-100ml पुष्पचूणण्- 1-4 gm स्वणस- 1-2 gm बीज चूणण्- 1-3 gm

A Compilation on AÉqÉë

बालाम, पक्वामण् बालं िपत्तािनलकफकणं तच्च बदिसथ तहक् । पक्वं दोषतण्यशमनं स्वादु- पुिष्टं गुणुञच ् ॥ दत्ते धातुपण्चयमिधकं तपण्णं कािन्तकािण । ख्यातं तृष्णाशण्मशमकृतौ चूतजातं फलं स्यात् ॥ कोशामण् कोशामण् श् धनस् च कन्धी वनामण्ो जिनतपादपः । उदामशेित णक्तामण्ो लाक्षावृक्षः सुणक्तकः ॥ गुण कोशामण्मम्लमिनलापहणं कफाितण्िपत्तपण्दं गुणू िवदाहिवशोफकाणी । पक्वं भवेन्मधुणमीषदपाणमम्लं पट्वािदयुकत ् णुिचदीपनपुिष्टबल्यम् ॥ णाजामण् (नाम) णाजामण्ोऽन्यो णाजफलः स्मणामः कोिकलोत्सवः । मधुणः कोिकलानन्दः कामेष्टो नृपवल्लभः ॥ माहाणाजामण् (नाम) अन्यो महाणाजचूत महाणाजामण्कस्तथा । स्थूलामण्ो मन्मथावासः कङ्को नीलकिपत्थकः ॥ कामायुधः कामफलो णाजपुतण्ो नृपात्मजः । महाणाजफलः कामो महाचूतसण्योदश ॥ बदरसलाम (नाम) तस्यािप शेषतोनयामो णसालो बदपूवुकः । जेयशकलतामश मध्वामण्ः िसताजामण्कः ॥ वनेज्यो मन्मथानन्दो मदनेच्छाफलो सुनः । णाजामण् (गुण)

A Compilation on AÉqÉë

णाजामण्ः कोमल्लः सवेण् कट्वाम्लाः िपत्तदाहदाः । सुपक्वाः स्वादुमाधुयाण्ः पुिष्टवीयण्बलपण्दाः । णाजामण्ेषु ितण्षु पण्ोक्तं सात्म्यमेव णसािधकम् । गुणािधकं तु िवज्ञेयं पयाण्यादुतत ् णोत्तणम् । बालं णाजफलं कफासण्पवन श् वासाितण्िपत्तपण्द । म् मध्यं ताहशमेव दोषबहुलं भूयः कषायाम्लकम् । पक्वञ्चेन्मधुणं ितण्दोषशमनं तृष्णािवदाहशण्म श् वास अणोचकमोचकं गुणुिहमं वृष्याितचूताहृयम्।

आमण् त्वक् आमण्त्वच्या कषाता च मूलं सौगिन्ध ताहशम् । णुच्यं संगण्ािह िशिशरं पुष्पं तु णुिचदीपनम् ॥ णाजामण् (िन.आ.) णक्तिपत्तकणं बालमपूणु ं िपत्तवधण्न म् । पक्वमामण्ं जयेदायुं मांस शु कण्बलपदम् ॥ (च.सू. २७) िपत्तिनलकणं बालं िपत्तलं बदकैसरम् । हृद्यं वणण्कणं णुच्यं णक्तमांसबलपण्दम् । कषायानुणसं स्वादु वातघ्नं बृंहणं गुणु । िपत्तिवणोिध संपक्वमामण्ं शुकिववधुनम् ॥

भावपण्काशः (फल वगण्ः) आमण् श् चूतोणसालोऽसौ सहकाणोऽितसौणभः । कामाङ्गो मधुदूत श् माकन् च दः िपक्वल्लभः॥

A Compilation on AÉqÉë

आमपुष्पमतीसाणकफिपत्त पण्मेहनुत् । असृग्धणहणं शीतं णुिचकृत् गण्ािह वातलम् ॥

आमामण्फलम् आमण्ं बालं कषायाम्लं णुच्यं माणुतिपत्तकृत् । तणुणं तु तदत्यम्लं णूक्षं दोषतण्यासण्कत ृ ्॥

शुषकमामफलं आमण्मामं त्वचाहीनमातपेऽितिवशोिषतम् । आम्लं स्वादु कषायं स्याद्भेदनं कफवातिजत् ॥ पक्वम् आमण्फलम् पक्वं तु मधुणं वृष्यं िस्नग्धं बलसुखपदम् । गुणु वातहणं हृद्यं वण्यण्ं शीतमिपतलम् । कषायानुणसं विन्ह श् लेष्मशु कण्िववधण् ॥ नम् तदेव वृक्षसंपक्वं गुणु वातहणं पणम् । मधुणाम्लणसं िकिञ्चत् भवेित्पत्तपण्कोपणम् । आमण्ं कृितण्मपक्वं चेत्तद भवेित्पत्तनाशनम् । णसस्याम्लस्य हीनस्तु माधुयाण्ञच ् िवशेषतः ॥ तदण्सो गािलतो बलयो गुणुवाण्तहणः सणः । अहृद्यस्तपण्णोऽतीव बृहं णः कफवधण्नः ॥ आमण् खण्ड तस्य खण्डं गुणु पणं णोचनं िचणपािक च । मधुणं बृंहणं बलयं शीतलं वातनाशनम् ॥

A Compilation on AÉqÉë

दुग्धयुक्तामण्गुणाः वातिपत्तहणं णुच्यं बृहं णं बलवधुनम् । वृष्यं वणण्कणं स्वादु दुग्धामण्ं गुणश ु ीतलम् । आमण्ाितयोग मन्दानलत्वं िवषमज्वणं च णक्तामयं बदगुदोदरं च । आमण्ाितयोगो नयनामयं च कणोित तस्मादित तािन नाद्यात् ॥ एतदाम्लामण्िवषयं मधुणामण्पणं न तु । मधुणस्य पणं नेतण्िहतं त्वाद्या गुणा यतः ॥ उपचार सुण्ठ्यम्बुणसोनुपानं स्यादामण्ाणामितभक्षणे । जीरकं वा पण्योक्तव्यं सह सौवचण्लेन च ॥ (अिभदानमञ्जणी) आमण् श् चूवनजो तो वसन्तदूतस्तथा महावृक्षः । चुंचीवानिस्थफलः िपण्यचुंिचक उचयते िनघण्टुज्ञैः ॥ कैयदेव िनघण्टु (नाम) आमण् श् चूतश् चैतण्ववनपु ृक्षोष्पोत्सवः स्मृतः । सहकाणो मन्मथः स्यात् कामाङ्गः शयामतैलकः ॥ शलीषः सुपथामोदः िशषः िपकमहोत्सवः । मनोणथो महासहो माकन्दः शौिणडकिपयः । िपण्डीफलो णसालः स्यात् पुणपुष्टोऽितसौणभः । कान्तः कोिकलबन्धु श् स्च यात् समिन्वतकायण्िप ॥ भा.पण्. (गुणाः) आमण्त्वचा कषाया च मूलं सौगिन्ध ताहशम् । णच्यं संगण्ाही िशिशरं पुष्पं तु णुिचपण्दम् ॥

A Compilation on AÉqÉë

आमण्पुष्पमतीसाणकफिपत्तपण्मेहनुत् । असृग्दुिष्टहणं बलयं णुिचकृत् गण्ािह वातलम् ॥ आमण्ावतण्लक्ष्णम् पक्वस्य सहकाणस्य पटे िवस्तािणतो णसः । धमण् शु ष्मु कहो ुदण्त्त आमण्ावतण् इित स्मृतः ॥ तद्गुणाः – आमण्ावतण्सत ् ृष्णाच्छिदण्वातिपत्तहणः सणः । णुच्यः सूयाण्ं शु पाकाल् िभ लघु श् सचिह कीितण्तः ॥ आमण्बीजगुणाः – आमण्बीजं कषायं स्याच्छद्यण्तीसाण नाशनम् । ईषदम्लञ्च मधुणं तथा हृदयदाहनुत् ॥ आमण्पल्लवगुणाः – आमण्स्य पल्लवो णुच्यः कफिपत्त िवनाशनः । भा.पण्. बालं कषायं कट्वाम्लं णूक्षं वातासण्िपत्तलम् । सम्पूणण्माम्लं च णक्तिपत्तकफपण्दम् ॥ हृद्यं वणण्कणं णुच्यं णक्तमांसबलपण्दम् । कषायानुणसं स्वादु वातघ्नं बृंहण गुणुः ॥ िपत्तावशोण्ध सम्पक्वं आमण्ं शुकलिववधुनम् । मधुणं बृंहणं बलयं गुणु िवष्टभ्यजीणण्कृत् ॥ सहकाणणसो हृद्यः सुणभीः िस्नग्धणोचनः । त्वङ्मूलपल्लवं गण्ािह कषायं कफिपत्तिजत् ॥ –

ध.िन.

णसालस्तुवणो णूक्षो णक्तिपत्तकफवण्णान् । योिनदोषमितसाणं पण्मेहं सिन्नयच्छित ॥ कफिपत्तपण्शमनं णुच्यमामण्स्य पल्लवम् ।

A Compilation on AÉqÉë

आमण्पुष्पमितसाणं पण्मेहं दुष्टशोिणतम् ॥ कफिपत्तहणं शीतं णुिचकृत् गण्ािह वातलम् । बालं तस्य फलं णूक्षं कषायकटुकाम्लकम् ॥ वातिपत्तसण्कत ृ ् यत्तु बदािसथ कफिपत्तकृत् । पक्व तु मधुणं साम्लं गुणु िस्नग्धमिपत्तलम् ॥ वातघ्नं बृहं णं णुच्यं हृद्यं मांसबलपण्दम् । कषायानुणसं वण्यण्ं कफ शु क्लिववधण्न ॥ म् शुषकं कषायमुष्णं च भेदनं कफवातिजत् । सहकाणणसो हृद्यः सुणिभः िस्नग्धणोचनः । त्वच्यः पण्लेपनेऽभ्यङ्गे के श् णोदयभलापहः यो ॥ णूक्ष श् चूनस् संगण् य ाही कृिमवातपण्कोपणः । कषायमधुणो मज्जा गण्ािहणी त्वक् च दाहनुत् ॥ सहकाणभवं तैलं कषायं स्वादु ितक्तकम् । मोखणोगहणं णूक्षं सुगिन्ध शलेषमवातिजत् ॥ –

कै.िन.

आमण्ो गण्ािह पण्मेहासण्कफिपत्तवण्णान् जयेत् । तत्फलं बालमतयमलं णूक्षं दोषतण्यासण्िजत् ॥ पक्वं तु मधुणं वृष्यं िस्नग्धं हृद्यं बलपदम् । गुणुवातहणं णुच्यं वण्यण्ं िशतमिपतलम् । णसस्तस्य सणः िस्नग्धो णोचनी बलपदम् । सहकाणंच वातघ्नं िपत्त श् लेष्मिवना शनम्॥ कषायं मधुणं वृष्यं गुणु िस्नग्धं िवशेषतः । पक्वामण् जनयेदायुमासशुकलबलवपदम् ॥

A Compilation on AÉqÉë

शुषकाम तु कषायाम्लं भेदनं कफवातिजत् । –

मदनफल िनघण्टु

आमण्ः कफहणो गण्ाही वण्योण् वातपण्मेहनुत् । सम्पूणण्माणमम्लं च णक्तिपत्तकफपण्दम् ॥ बालं कषायकटुवम्लं णूक्षं िपत्तसण्वातकृत् । तत् पक्वं मदुणं साम्लं गुणु िस्नग्धमिपत्तलम् ॥ हृद्यं वातहणं शलेषममासशुकबलपदम् । सम्पक्वस्य णसो हृद्यः िस्नग्धः सुणिभणोचनः ॥ दीपनोऽिनलिपत्तघ्नः शुकशोिणतशुिदकृत् । पक्वामण्फलजो मज्जा च्छद्यण्तीसाणनाशनः ॥ –

शो.िन.

णक्तिपत्तकणं बालं अपूणण्ं िपत्तवधण्नम् । पक्वमातण्ं जयेदायुं शुकमासबलपदम् ॥ –

च.सू.२७

िपत्तािनलकणं बालं िपत्तलं बदकेसरम् । हृद्यं वणण्कणं णुच्यं णक्तमांसबलपण्दम् ॥ कषायानुणसं स्वादु वातघ्नं बृंहणं गुणु । िपत्तवणोिध सम्पक्वमामण्ं शुकिववधुनम् ॥ –

सु.सू.४६

वातिपत्तासण्कत ृ ् बालं बदािसथ कफिपत्तकृत् । गुिविभण्ं वातिजत्पक्वं स्वादुम्लं कफ शु कृ ॥ त् –

अ.हृ.सू.६

आमण्पुष्पं शीतलं स्वाद्वावलं गण्ाहकं मतम् । अिग्नदीिप्तकणं णुच्यं कफिपत्तपण्मेहनुत् ॥

A Compilation on AÉqÉë

पण्दणं चाितसाणं च नाशयेिदित मतम् । बालामसतुवरशोषणः सुगिन्धणचामकः स्मृतः ॥ क्षाणस्य योगादुिचदो गण्ाही णूक्ष श् कािन् च तदः । िपत्तवातकफान् णक्तदोषां श् चैव कणोित सः ॥ कण्ठणुग्वातमेहञ्च योिनदोषवण्णं तथा । अितसाणं पण्मेहं च नाशयेिदित कीितण्तः ॥ पक्वामण्ो मधुणः शुकवधुकःपौिषकःसमृतः । गुणुः कािन्ततृिप्तकणः िकिञ्चदम्लो णुिचपण्दः ॥ हृद्यो मांसबलानां च वधण्कः कफकाणकः । तुवण श् तृच षावातशण्मानां नाशकः स्मृतः ॥ चोिषतामण्ो बलरिचवीयुवृिदकरः पूणः । लघुता शीतता शीघपाकता वातिपत्तनुत् ॥ मलबन्धकण श् चैव पूवण्वैद्यौणुदीिणतः । पक्वः स्याच्छ्सत ् ण्िछन्नामण्ो जाऽयमाधुयुशीतकृत् ॥ णुिचकृिच्चणपाक श् धातु च वृिद्धं कणोित सः । बलकता वातिपत्तनाशनः पिणकीितण्तः ॥ आमण्बीजं तु मधुणं िकिञ्चदम्लं कषायकम् । वान्त्यतीसाणहृद् दाहनाशनं च बुधैमुतम् ॥ आमण्तैलं तु तुवणं स्वादु णूक्षं च ितक्तकम् । सुगिन्ध मुखणोगस्य नाशनं कफवातनुत् ॥ आमण्ान्तस्त्वग्गण्ािहणी तु तुवणा दाहकािणणी । िपत्तमेहकफानां च श ना िनी योिन शु िद्धकृ ॥ त् आमण्मूलं तु तुवणं गण्ािह शीतं णुिचपण्दम् । सुगिन्ध कफवातानां नाशनं पिणकीितण्तम् ॥

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–

िन.आ.

आमण्ािस्थतैलगुणाः आमण्तैलं तु तुवणं स्वादु णूक्षं च ितक्तकम् । सुगिन्ध मुखणोगस्य नाशनं कफवातनुत् ॥ आमण्ान्तस्त्वग्गुणाः आमण्ान्तस्त्वग्गण्ािहणी तु तुवणा दाहकािणणी । िपत्तमेहकफानां च श ना िनी योिन शु िद्धकृ ॥ त् आमण्मूलगुणाः आमण्मूलं तु तुवणं गण्ािह शीतं णुिचपण्दम् । सुगिन्ध कफवातानां नाशनं पिणकीितण्तम् ॥ –

िन.आ.

आमण्बीजगुणाः आमण्बीजं कषायं स्यात् च्छिदण् अितसाणनाशनम् । ईषदम्लञ्च मधुणं तथा हृदयदाहनुत् ॥ –

भा.पण्.

धन्वन्तणी िनघन्टु वृक्षिवशेषः अस्य फलं भक्षणाथण्ं तथा पुष्पपल्लवबीजादीिन च भैषज्याथण्मुपयुज्यन्ते, संपक्वामण्फलगुणाः मधुणं कषायानुणसं गुणु स्वादुपाकं हृद्यं वणण्कणुच्यं णक्तमांसबलपण्दं बृंहणं शुकवधुन ं वातघ्नं िपत्तघ्नं िवणोिध च । ध.िन. ७.९ अस्य पुष्पं दृिष्टणोगेष्वञ्जनाथण्मुपयुज्यते ॥ –

सु.उ. १७.८-१० अस्य पल्लवा श् छिदण्िनगण्हणम् । –

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च.सू. ४.१४ (२८) अस्यािस्थ पुणीषसंगण्हणीयम् । –

च.सू. ४.१५ (२१) अस्य फलं मूतण्संगण्णीयम् । –

–

च.सू. ४.१५ (३३)

तथा णक्तिपत्तशमनम् । सु.उ. ४५.२३ बालामं कषायकट्वम्लं णूक्षं वातासण्िपत्तकृत् च । –

अ.सं.सू. ७. १८८ पयाण्गतामं सामं स्वादु िस्नग्धं गुणुमाणुतघ्नमिपत्तलं हृद्यं शलेषममासशुकबलपदं च। –

अ.सं .सू. ७. १८९-१९० णाजामण्ं (आमण्भेदः) तुवणं स्वादु िवशदं ……। –

भा.पण्. कोशामण्ं (आमण्भेदः) बालं ……..। –

–

भा.पण्.

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5) A lexicon of medicinal plants in India Vol I By D.N Guhabakshi, P.sensharma, D. C paul. Naya prakash, Calcutta. 6) Bhavaprakasha nighantu By Dr.Krishnachandra chunekar.choukhamba Amaravati prakashan. Varanasi 7) Charaka samhita. By (a) R.K sharma and Bhagavan dash.(b) Vaidya Harishchndra simha kushavaha.choukhamba orientalia pubcations Varanasi. 8) Chakradatta.Edited by P.V Sharma. choukhamba orientalia pubcations Varanasi. 9) Data base on medicinal plants used in Ayurveda.Vol I, Central council for research in Ayurveda and siddha.Department of ISM and H, Ministry of health and family welfare Govt. Of India. 10) Dravya guna vijnana.By P.V sharma Choukhamba Bharati Academy. Varanasi. 11) Dravy guna vijnana. By Gnanendra pandey.Vol III, Krishna das academy.Varanasi. 12) Dravya guna vijnana By J.L.N shastry.choukhamba orientalia publications. Varanasi. 13) Dhanvantari nighantu.Edited by P.V sharma.Choukhamba orientalia publications. Varanasi. 16) Dravy guna Hastamalaka.By Dr Banvarilal mishra.Schaem publications.Jaipur. 17) Flora of Shimoga District. By Dr. S.N Ramaswamy, Dr. M. Radhakrishna Rao, Dr. D.A Govindappa.Prasaranga, university of Mysore. 18) Hrudaya Deepika nighantu.Choukhamba orientalia publications. Varanasi. 19) Indian medicinal plants.By Vaidya ratnam P.S Varier.Vol III, Orient Longman Ltd.Kottakal. 20) Indian medicinal plants.By Keertikar and Basu.Bishan singh, Mahendra pal singh.Vol III, 23-A, New connaught place.Dehradune. 21) Illustrated manual of herbal drugs used in AyurvedaBy Y.K Sarin.Council of scientific and industrial research and Indian council of medical research. 22) Indian medicinal plants used in Ayurvedic preparations.By A.C Dey.Bishan singh, Mahendra pal singh.23-A, New connaught place. Dehradune. 23) Kayyadeva nighantu Edited by P.V Sharma Choukhamba orientalia publications. Varanasi. 24) Materia medica and herbal pharmacology.By Dr. Amrith pal singh.Choukhamba orientalia publications. Delhi. 25) Madanapala nighantu.Edited by P.V Sharma Choukhamba orientalia publications.Varanasi. 26) Mahoushdha nighantu. By Aryadasa kumara simha bhishagvara.Choukhamba orientalia publications. Varanasi. 27) Medicinal plants used in Ayurveda By Dr. S.K Sharma.Rastreeya Ayurveda Vidyapeetha New Delhi. 28) Nighantu Ratnakara Choukhamba orientalia pubcations. Varanasi. 29) Nighantu Adarsha. By Bhopalal vaidya.Choukhamba Bharati Academy. Varanasi. 30) Namaroopa Jnanam.By P.V Sharma. Satyapriya prakashana.Varanasi. 31) One hundred useful drugs.By Dr. A. Laxmipathi.Choukhamba Sanskrit pratishthan. New

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Delhi. 32) Pharmacognocy By C.K. Kokate, A.P. Purohit, S.B.Gokhale.Nirali prakashan.Pune. 33) Priya nighantu.Choukhamba orientalia publications.Varanasi. 34) Plants that heal. By Dr. J.C.Kurian.Oriental Watchman publishing house. Pune. 35) Raja nighantu.Choukhamba orientalia pubcliations.Varanasi. 36) Reviews on Indian medicinal plants. 37) Shdhala nighantu. Choukhamba orientalia publications.Varanasi 38) Sushruta samhita Translated by Prof.Shrikanta murthy.Choukhamba orientalia publications. Varanasi. 39) Shaligrama nighantu Kamaraj Krishnadas prakashan.Varanasi. 40) Sharngadhara samhita. Edited by P.V Sharma.Choukhamba orientalia publications. Varanasi. 41) The Indian materia medica. By Dr. K.M. Nadakarni, revised by A.K.Nadakarni. Bombay popular prakashan. 42) Vanoushdhi nidarshika. By Prof. Rama susheela simha.Uttara Pradesh hindi samsthan. Rajashri purushottama das Tondon hindi bhavan. Lukhnow. 43) Wealth of India. Vol I, Publications and information directorate. Council of scientific and industrial research.New Delhi.