8.5 The Impact Of Microorganisms On Life

8.5 The impact of Microorganisms on Life

Microorganism  Tiny

living things that only can be seen using microscope  Classified based on their characteristics (appearance, shape, size, method of reproduction, nutrition and habitat)

Microorganism  •

•

Classified into 5 groups: Viruses – smallest microorganisms, not a living cell and must use living cells to reproduce. (E.g. HIV, Influenza virus etc.) Bacteria – unicellular organisms, have cell wall, form spores under unfavourable condition and have 3 common shape  spherical, rodshaped and spiral. (E.g. Lactobacillus sp., Straphyloccous sp. etc.)

Microorganism •

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Protozoa – unicellular organism, have plasma membrane and can carry out living processes. (E.g. Amoeba sp., Paramecium sp. etc.) Algae – have chlorophyl and chloroplast, can undergoes photosynthesis process. (E.g. Spirogyra sp.)

Microorganism •

Fungi – heterotrophic microorganisms, feeds by secreting enzymes that break down the surrounding organic material into simple molecule before absorb them. (E.g. Mucor sp., yeast etc.)

The effects of abiotic components on the activity of microorganisms  What

are abiotic factors?  How the abiotic factors effects the activity of microorganisms?

The role of useful microorganisms in the ecosystem Decomposition

The nitrogen cycle

Roles of microorganisms in ecosystem Digesting animal’s food

Digesting human’s food

The harmful microorganisms  Microorganisms

that cause diseases are called pathogens  Pathogens are classified as parasites or saprophytes  They cause diseases in two ways: 4.Produce poisonous chemical 5.Attack and destroy host cells and body tissues

Transmission of diseases

Controlling pathogens

The uses of microorganisms in biotechnology  Biotechnology

– application of biological processes in the manufacturing and servicing industries

Production of antibiotics, vaccines and hormones

Production of biodegradable plastic (bioplastic)

Food processing

Production of energy from biomass

The use of microorganisms in biotechnology

Cleaning of oil spills

Waste treatment

8.6 Appreciating Biodiversity

How to appreciate biodiversity?  Through

conservation and preservation.

Exercise  Do

Focus Practice 8.5 on page 198 in the textbook.