5 July Economics
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Economics Dr. T.K. Jain. AFTERSCHOOOL Centre for social entrepreneurship Bikaner M: 9414430763 [email protected] www.afterschool.tk www.afterschoool.tk www.afterschoool.tk
What is BRIC?
Brazil Russia India China
www.afterschoool.tk
What is SLR?
Statutory Liquidity Ratio (a part of monetary policy) Every bank has to deposit some money in government securities and approved securities (some percentage out of total bank deposits) SLR is close to 15%
www.afterschoool.tk
What is CRR?
Cash Researve Ratio (a part of monetary policy) Every bank have to keep a ratio of cash with them against deposit.
www.afterschoool.tk
What is PPC?
Production Possibility Curve Various combinations of two goods which the economy can produce with given resources.
www.afterschoool.tk
When is the firm earning normal profit?
When AR = AC AR = AVERAGE REVENUE AC = AVERAGE COST
www.afterschoool.tk
WHICH SECTOR IN INIDAN ECONOMY HAS BEEN GROWING FASTEST?
SERVICES SECTOR
www.afterschoool.tk
IN WHICH MARKET THERE IS PERFECT INFORMATION TO EVERYONE?
PERFECT MARKET
www.afterschoool.tk
IN WHICH MARKET, THERE IS FREE MOBILITY OF ALL RESOURCES?
PERFECT MARKET
www.afterschoool.tk
WHAT KIND OF MARKET IS THERE IN TOOTHPASTE INDUSTRY? MONOPOLISTIC COMPETITION – because in monopolistic competition , there are a large number of sellers with differentiated products and services. Brands are established in this market
www.afterschoool.tk
What is NDP?
Net Domestic Product NDP = GDP – Depreciation GDP = Gross Domestic Product GDP is sum of total production in the country. There are 3 methods to measure GDP – output method (value method), income method (sum of income of everyone) and expenditure method (sum of expenditure of everyone). www.afterschoool.tk
What is NNP?
NNP = Net National Product NNP = NDP + NFIA NDP= net domestic product NFIA = Net factor income from abroad
www.afterschoool.tk
What is National Income?
NNP at factor cost (there are two measures of NNP – NNP at market prices and NNP at factor cost).
www.afterschoool.tk
What is RRB?
Regional rural bank (these are working to promote banking in villages and small towns).
www.afterschoool.tk
WHAT IS MAHALANOBICS?
Mahalanobis was a well known economist and statistician of India. He was the planner during second five year plan. He was the head of Indian statistical institution and many apex bodies. He gave a model of economic development – which is called mahalonobics. He emphasised Heavy industries and capital intensive and basic goods industries.
www.afterschoool.tk
What is PSU?
Public sector unit Examples are: BHEL,BEL,SAIL,ONGC,IOC,HPCL,BPCL, etc.
www.afterschoool.tk
What is NAVRATNAS?
9 public sector undertakings, which are profit making and running properly and are given full autonomy are called NAVRATNAS.
www.afterschoool.tk
Why is BHILAI, DURGAPUR, AND RAURKELA famous?
Steel factories were set up during II five year plan at all these places.
www.afterschoool.tk
What is KPO?
Knowledge Process Outsourcing – they work for MNC and other companies and provide them consultancy or other knowledge based work.
www.afterschoool.tk
WHAT IS BPO?
BUSINESS PROCESS OUTSOURCING It includes support services for business units.
www.afterschoool.tk
What % of population is engaged in services sector?
23%
www.afterschoool.tk
In terms of scientists and technical manpower, India ranks? 2nd
www.afterschoool.tk
What is customs duty?
It is the duty that is paid at the time of export or import of goods. It has been reducing constantly in terms of its rate.
www.afterschoool.tk
What are indirect taxes?
Which are ultimately not borne by the tax payer – the tax payer adds these in the prices of finished goods to be sold to consumers – for example: Customs duty Excise Sales tax
www.afterschoool.tk
What are direct taxes?
The tax payer has to bear this charge. Examples: Income tax
www.afterschoool.tk
What is capital formation?
Investment in plants, machinery, and productive assets is called capital formation.
www.afterschoool.tk
What is life expectancy?
Average expected life at the time of birth is called life expectancy. In India life expectancy was about 63.8 years in 2001 (62.3 for male and 65.3 for female)
www.afterschoool.tk
What is literacy ratio?
Number of persons who are literarate out of 100 persons is called literacy ratio. In 2001, our literacy ratio was 65.38 (75.85 among males and 54.16 among females). In 1951, literacy ratio was only 16.7 (25 for males and 7.9 for females).
www.afterschoool.tk
What are reasons of increase in population?
High birth rate Low death rate Immigration
www.afterschoool.tk
When will our population stabilise?
As per National Population Policy 2000, our population will stabilise in 2046.
www.afterschoool.tk
What is poverty line?
If a person is not able to obtain 2100 calories of food in urban areas and 2400 calories of food in rural areas – he / she is called poor. Cut off price is Rs 88 for urban areas and Rs. 76 for rural areas as per 79-80 prices. (per day).
www.afterschoool.tk
Name some poverty removal programmes?
DPAP: drought prone area programme DDP: desert development programme IWDP: integrated wasteland development programme NRY: nehru rojgar yojna SJSRY: swarna jayanti sahari rojgar yojana PMIUPEP: prime minister integrated urban poverty eradication programme IAY : indira awas yojna PMGSY: prime minister gram sadak yojna Etc. www.afterschoool.tk
What is length of Rail network in India?
65000 km approx.
www.afterschoool.tk
What is the length of road network in India?
25 lakh Km. approx. out of which 15 lakh Km roads are surfaced and 58000 Km are National Highways.
www.afterschoool.tk
How many post offices are there in India?
1.55 lakhs (out of which 1.4 lakh are in rural areas). India has largest post office network in the world.
www.afterschoool.tk
How many doctors are there in india?
6.5 lakh approx.
www.afterschoool.tk
How many hospitals are there in india?
40000 approx. (including dispensaries).
www.afterschoool.tk
How many health centres are there in india?
1.7 lakhs approx.
www.afterschoool.tk
How many nursing professionals are there in india?
Approx. 8.5 lakhs
www.afterschoool.tk
According to the constitution, education should be free till the age of ? 14 years.
www.afterschoool.tk
How much % of GDP do we spend on education?
3.5% Our minimum target is to spend 6% of GDP on education. ( as per NATIONAL POLICY ON EDUCATION 1986).
www.afterschoool.tk
WHAT IS GER IN INDIA?
GER : Gross enrollment ratio. GER is about 85% in India. (that means 15 out of 100 children don’t ever go to schools). In 1951, GER was only 32%.
www.afterschoool.tk
What is open market operation?
When central bank (RBI in India) takes action to control inflation and for that purchases or sells securities in open market – it is called open market operation.
www.afterschoool.tk
What is the law of diminishing marginal returns?
When unit a of a variable input are added to a fixed input and ultimately marginal return falls this is called the law of diminishing marginal returns. It is the law of short run only – in the long run all the factors are variable – so this law will not apply. For example: capital is 100, labour is variable from 10 to 100. as we increase labour, initially marginal production will increase, but finally it will start decreasing. www.afterschoool.tk
ABOUT AFTERSCHOOOL Afterschoool conducts three year integrated PGPSE (after class 12th along with IAS / CA / CS) and 18 month PGPSE (Post Graduate Programme in Social Entrepreneurship) along with preparation for CS / CFP / CFA /CMA / FRM. This course is also available online also. It also conducts workshops on social entrepreneurship in schools and colleges all over India – start social entrepreneurship club in your institution today with the help from afterschoool and help us in developing society.
www.afterschoool.tk
Why such a programme?
To promote people to take up entrepreneurship and help develop the society To enable people to take up franchising and other such options to start a business / social development project To enable people to take up social development as their mission To enable people to promote spirituality and positive thinking in the world
www.afterschoool.tk
Who are our supporters?
Afterschoolians, our past beneficiaries, entrepreneurs and social entrepreneurs are supporting us. You can also support us – not necessarily by money – but by being promotor of our concept and our ideas.
www.afterschoool.tk
About AFTERSCHOOOL PGPSE – the best programme for developing great entrepreneurs
Most flexible, adaptive but rigorous programme Available in distance learning mode Case study focused- latest cases Industry oriented practical curriculum Designed to make you entrepreneurs – not just an employee Option to take up part time job – so earn while you learn The only absolutely free course on internet www.afterschoool.tk
Workshops from AFTERSCHOOOL
IIF, Delhi CIPS, Jaipur ICSI Hyderabad Branch Gyan Vihar, Jaipur Apex Institute of Management, Jaipur Aravali Institute of Management, Jodhpur Xavier Institute of Management, Bhubaneshwar Pacific Institute, Udaipur Engineering College, Hyderabad
www.afterschoool.tk
Flexible Specialisations:
Spiritualising business and society Rural development and transformation HRD and Education, Social Development NGO and voluntary work Investment analysis,microfinance and inclusion Retail sector, BPO, KPO Accounting & Information system (with CA / CS /CMA) Hospital management and Health care Hospitality sector and culture and heritage Other sectors of high growth, high technology and social relevance
www.afterschoool.tk
Salient features:
The only programme of its kind (in the whole world) No publicity and low profile course For those who want to achieve success in life – not just a degree Indepth knowledge and expertise Professional approac: World class approach Strong intellectual and business capabilities Flexible – you may stay for a month and continue the rest of the education by distance mode. / you may attend weekend classes Scholarships for those from poor economic background Latest and constantly changing curriculum – keeping pace with the time Placement for those who are interested Admissions open throughout the year Latest and most advanced technologies, books and study material
www.afterschoool.tk
Components
Pedagogy curriculum and approach based on IIM Ahmedabad and ISB Hyderabad (the founder is alumnus from IIMA & ISB Hyderabad) Meditation, spiritualisation, and self development Essential softwares for business Business plan, Research projects Participation in conferences / seminars Workshops on leadership, team building etc. Written submissions of research projects/articles / papers Interview of entrepreneurs, writing biographies of entrepreneurs Editing of journals / newsletters Consultancy / research projects Assignments, communication skill workshops Participation in conferences and seminars Group discussions, mock interviews, self development diaryng Mind Power Training & writing workshop (by Dr. T.K.Jain)
www.afterschoool.tk
Pedagogy
Case analysis, Articles from Harvard Business Review Quiz, seminars, workshops, games, Visits to entrepreneurs and industrial visits Presentations, Latest audio-visuals Group discussions and group projects Periodic self assessment Mentoring and counselling Study exchange programme (with institutions out of India) Rural development / Social welfare projects
www.afterschoool.tk
Branches
AFTERSCHOOOL will shortly open its branches in important cities in India including Delhi, Kota, Mumbai, Gurgaon and other important cities. Afterschooolians will be responsible for managing and developing these branches – and for promoting social entrepreneurs.
www.afterschoool.tk
Case Studies
We want to write case studies on social entrepreneurs, first generation entrepreneurs, ethical entrepreneurs. Please help us in this process. Help us to be in touch with entrepreneurs, so that we may develop entrepreneurs.
www.afterschoool.tk
Basic values at afterschoool
Share to learn more Interact to develop yourself Fear is your worst enemy Make mistakes to learn Study & discuss in a group Criticism is the healthy route to mutual support and help Ask fundamental questions : why, when, how & where? Embrace change – and compete with yourself only
www.afterschoool.tk
www.afterschoool.tk social entrepreneurship for better society
www.afterschoool.tk
What is BRIC?
Brazil Russia India China
www.afterschoool.tk
What is SLR?
Statutory Liquidity Ratio (a part of monetary policy) Every bank has to deposit some money in government securities and approved securities (some percentage out of total bank deposits) SLR is close to 15%
www.afterschoool.tk
What is CRR?
Cash Researve Ratio (a part of monetary policy) Every bank have to keep a ratio of cash with them against deposit.
www.afterschoool.tk
What is PPC?
Production Possibility Curve Various combinations of two goods which the economy can produce with given resources.
www.afterschoool.tk
When is the firm earning normal profit?
When AR = AC AR = AVERAGE REVENUE AC = AVERAGE COST
www.afterschoool.tk
WHICH SECTOR IN INIDAN ECONOMY HAS BEEN GROWING FASTEST?
SERVICES SECTOR
www.afterschoool.tk
IN WHICH MARKET THERE IS PERFECT INFORMATION TO EVERYONE?
PERFECT MARKET
www.afterschoool.tk
IN WHICH MARKET, THERE IS FREE MOBILITY OF ALL RESOURCES?
PERFECT MARKET
www.afterschoool.tk
WHAT KIND OF MARKET IS THERE IN TOOTHPASTE INDUSTRY? MONOPOLISTIC COMPETITION – because in monopolistic competition , there are a large number of sellers with differentiated products and services. Brands are established in this market
www.afterschoool.tk
What is NDP?
Net Domestic Product NDP = GDP – Depreciation GDP = Gross Domestic Product GDP is sum of total production in the country. There are 3 methods to measure GDP – output method (value method), income method (sum of income of everyone) and expenditure method (sum of expenditure of everyone). www.afterschoool.tk
What is NNP?
NNP = Net National Product NNP = NDP + NFIA NDP= net domestic product NFIA = Net factor income from abroad
www.afterschoool.tk
What is National Income?
NNP at factor cost (there are two measures of NNP – NNP at market prices and NNP at factor cost).
www.afterschoool.tk
What is RRB?
Regional rural bank (these are working to promote banking in villages and small towns).
www.afterschoool.tk
WHAT IS MAHALANOBICS?
Mahalanobis was a well known economist and statistician of India. He was the planner during second five year plan. He was the head of Indian statistical institution and many apex bodies. He gave a model of economic development – which is called mahalonobics. He emphasised Heavy industries and capital intensive and basic goods industries.
www.afterschoool.tk
What is PSU?
Public sector unit Examples are: BHEL,BEL,SAIL,ONGC,IOC,HPCL,BPCL, etc.
www.afterschoool.tk
What is NAVRATNAS?
9 public sector undertakings, which are profit making and running properly and are given full autonomy are called NAVRATNAS.
www.afterschoool.tk
Why is BHILAI, DURGAPUR, AND RAURKELA famous?
Steel factories were set up during II five year plan at all these places.
www.afterschoool.tk
What is KPO?
Knowledge Process Outsourcing – they work for MNC and other companies and provide them consultancy or other knowledge based work.
www.afterschoool.tk
WHAT IS BPO?
BUSINESS PROCESS OUTSOURCING It includes support services for business units.
www.afterschoool.tk
What % of population is engaged in services sector?
23%
www.afterschoool.tk
In terms of scientists and technical manpower, India ranks? 2nd
www.afterschoool.tk
What is customs duty?
It is the duty that is paid at the time of export or import of goods. It has been reducing constantly in terms of its rate.
www.afterschoool.tk
What are indirect taxes?
Which are ultimately not borne by the tax payer – the tax payer adds these in the prices of finished goods to be sold to consumers – for example: Customs duty Excise Sales tax
www.afterschoool.tk
What are direct taxes?
The tax payer has to bear this charge. Examples: Income tax
www.afterschoool.tk
What is capital formation?
Investment in plants, machinery, and productive assets is called capital formation.
www.afterschoool.tk
What is life expectancy?
Average expected life at the time of birth is called life expectancy. In India life expectancy was about 63.8 years in 2001 (62.3 for male and 65.3 for female)
www.afterschoool.tk
What is literacy ratio?
Number of persons who are literarate out of 100 persons is called literacy ratio. In 2001, our literacy ratio was 65.38 (75.85 among males and 54.16 among females). In 1951, literacy ratio was only 16.7 (25 for males and 7.9 for females).
www.afterschoool.tk
What are reasons of increase in population?
High birth rate Low death rate Immigration
www.afterschoool.tk
When will our population stabilise?
As per National Population Policy 2000, our population will stabilise in 2046.
www.afterschoool.tk
What is poverty line?
If a person is not able to obtain 2100 calories of food in urban areas and 2400 calories of food in rural areas – he / she is called poor. Cut off price is Rs 88 for urban areas and Rs. 76 for rural areas as per 79-80 prices. (per day).
www.afterschoool.tk
Name some poverty removal programmes?
DPAP: drought prone area programme DDP: desert development programme IWDP: integrated wasteland development programme NRY: nehru rojgar yojna SJSRY: swarna jayanti sahari rojgar yojana PMIUPEP: prime minister integrated urban poverty eradication programme IAY : indira awas yojna PMGSY: prime minister gram sadak yojna Etc. www.afterschoool.tk
What is length of Rail network in India?
65000 km approx.
www.afterschoool.tk
What is the length of road network in India?
25 lakh Km. approx. out of which 15 lakh Km roads are surfaced and 58000 Km are National Highways.
www.afterschoool.tk
How many post offices are there in India?
1.55 lakhs (out of which 1.4 lakh are in rural areas). India has largest post office network in the world.
www.afterschoool.tk
How many doctors are there in india?
6.5 lakh approx.
www.afterschoool.tk
How many hospitals are there in india?
40000 approx. (including dispensaries).
www.afterschoool.tk
How many health centres are there in india?
1.7 lakhs approx.
www.afterschoool.tk
How many nursing professionals are there in india?
Approx. 8.5 lakhs
www.afterschoool.tk
According to the constitution, education should be free till the age of ? 14 years.
www.afterschoool.tk
How much % of GDP do we spend on education?
3.5% Our minimum target is to spend 6% of GDP on education. ( as per NATIONAL POLICY ON EDUCATION 1986).
www.afterschoool.tk
WHAT IS GER IN INDIA?
GER : Gross enrollment ratio. GER is about 85% in India. (that means 15 out of 100 children don’t ever go to schools). In 1951, GER was only 32%.
www.afterschoool.tk
What is open market operation?
When central bank (RBI in India) takes action to control inflation and for that purchases or sells securities in open market – it is called open market operation.
www.afterschoool.tk
What is the law of diminishing marginal returns?
When unit a of a variable input are added to a fixed input and ultimately marginal return falls this is called the law of diminishing marginal returns. It is the law of short run only – in the long run all the factors are variable – so this law will not apply. For example: capital is 100, labour is variable from 10 to 100. as we increase labour, initially marginal production will increase, but finally it will start decreasing. www.afterschoool.tk
ABOUT AFTERSCHOOOL Afterschoool conducts three year integrated PGPSE (after class 12th along with IAS / CA / CS) and 18 month PGPSE (Post Graduate Programme in Social Entrepreneurship) along with preparation for CS / CFP / CFA /CMA / FRM. This course is also available online also. It also conducts workshops on social entrepreneurship in schools and colleges all over India – start social entrepreneurship club in your institution today with the help from afterschoool and help us in developing society.
www.afterschoool.tk
Why such a programme?
To promote people to take up entrepreneurship and help develop the society To enable people to take up franchising and other such options to start a business / social development project To enable people to take up social development as their mission To enable people to promote spirituality and positive thinking in the world
www.afterschoool.tk
Who are our supporters?
Afterschoolians, our past beneficiaries, entrepreneurs and social entrepreneurs are supporting us. You can also support us – not necessarily by money – but by being promotor of our concept and our ideas.
www.afterschoool.tk
About AFTERSCHOOOL PGPSE – the best programme for developing great entrepreneurs
Most flexible, adaptive but rigorous programme Available in distance learning mode Case study focused- latest cases Industry oriented practical curriculum Designed to make you entrepreneurs – not just an employee Option to take up part time job – so earn while you learn The only absolutely free course on internet www.afterschoool.tk
Workshops from AFTERSCHOOOL
IIF, Delhi CIPS, Jaipur ICSI Hyderabad Branch Gyan Vihar, Jaipur Apex Institute of Management, Jaipur Aravali Institute of Management, Jodhpur Xavier Institute of Management, Bhubaneshwar Pacific Institute, Udaipur Engineering College, Hyderabad
www.afterschoool.tk
Flexible Specialisations:
Spiritualising business and society Rural development and transformation HRD and Education, Social Development NGO and voluntary work Investment analysis,microfinance and inclusion Retail sector, BPO, KPO Accounting & Information system (with CA / CS /CMA) Hospital management and Health care Hospitality sector and culture and heritage Other sectors of high growth, high technology and social relevance
www.afterschoool.tk
Salient features:
The only programme of its kind (in the whole world) No publicity and low profile course For those who want to achieve success in life – not just a degree Indepth knowledge and expertise Professional approac: World class approach Strong intellectual and business capabilities Flexible – you may stay for a month and continue the rest of the education by distance mode. / you may attend weekend classes Scholarships for those from poor economic background Latest and constantly changing curriculum – keeping pace with the time Placement for those who are interested Admissions open throughout the year Latest and most advanced technologies, books and study material
www.afterschoool.tk
Components
Pedagogy curriculum and approach based on IIM Ahmedabad and ISB Hyderabad (the founder is alumnus from IIMA & ISB Hyderabad) Meditation, spiritualisation, and self development Essential softwares for business Business plan, Research projects Participation in conferences / seminars Workshops on leadership, team building etc. Written submissions of research projects/articles / papers Interview of entrepreneurs, writing biographies of entrepreneurs Editing of journals / newsletters Consultancy / research projects Assignments, communication skill workshops Participation in conferences and seminars Group discussions, mock interviews, self development diaryng Mind Power Training & writing workshop (by Dr. T.K.Jain)
www.afterschoool.tk
Pedagogy
Case analysis, Articles from Harvard Business Review Quiz, seminars, workshops, games, Visits to entrepreneurs and industrial visits Presentations, Latest audio-visuals Group discussions and group projects Periodic self assessment Mentoring and counselling Study exchange programme (with institutions out of India) Rural development / Social welfare projects
www.afterschoool.tk
Branches
AFTERSCHOOOL will shortly open its branches in important cities in India including Delhi, Kota, Mumbai, Gurgaon and other important cities. Afterschooolians will be responsible for managing and developing these branches – and for promoting social entrepreneurs.
www.afterschoool.tk
Case Studies
We want to write case studies on social entrepreneurs, first generation entrepreneurs, ethical entrepreneurs. Please help us in this process. Help us to be in touch with entrepreneurs, so that we may develop entrepreneurs.
www.afterschoool.tk
Basic values at afterschoool
Share to learn more Interact to develop yourself Fear is your worst enemy Make mistakes to learn Study & discuss in a group Criticism is the healthy route to mutual support and help Ask fundamental questions : why, when, how & where? Embrace change – and compete with yourself only
www.afterschoool.tk
www.afterschoool.tk social entrepreneurship for better society
www.afterschoool.tk
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