20th Century Part 1

The 20 century th

And a little bit of the 19th and 21st C Flaudette May V. Datuin

Revised schedule  January 30 – 20th Century part 2  February 2 – exam part 2 (blue book)  February 6 – postmodernism  February 9 – Artist/curator talk, FC

Conference Hall. Distribution of Exam Part 3 (take home)

Avant-garde modernism Challenges to empirical and optical “Realism” or MIMESIS (Greek, Renaissance) Experimentation in Form and Explosion of styles Challenge to tradition: avant-garde “leading the way” 19th century: politically progressive or social groups

Modernism An international “trend” - last years of the 19th C – 20th Innovation and experimentation Rejection of “realism” (mimesis, optical or empirical fidelity or accuracy, etcetera)

Distinctions  Modernity as a historical stage  Modernization as a social process  Modernism as a cultural process that

coincides with the development of capitalism

Modernity: Context of modernism  Radical transformation of western

experience  The city: urbanization  Technology: industrialization  Global conflict: World War 1  Challenge to and assertion of individual autonomy

Challenges to Realism Subject matter

Subject and subject matter 19th century

Courbet, Millet Daumier

ROMANTICS

Manet: 1884

Olympia

N A SC

Luncheon on the Grass

S U O

L A D

Challenge to French Academic Art Salon de Refuses

technology

The modern city

Munch/Murder on the Street

Balla/Automobile, Dog on a Leash Futurist: Movement

De Chirico Melancholy and Mystery on the Street

George Segal

Mark Justiniani

Lea Padilla

Social Realism: US

Hopper/Nighthawks

Tooker/The Subway

Social Realism: the Mexicans

Gods of the Modern World

Social Realism: the Mexicans

Diego Rivera

Nunelucio Alvarado Philippines

Nunelucio Alvarado Sanggot

Siquieros

Tooker/Cristina’s World

Dorothea Lange, Migrant Mother, Nipomo, California 1936

S e b a s t i a o D o r o t h e a L a n g e ,

S a l g a d o , C h i l d r

Sebastiao Salgado, Children's ward in the Korem refugee camp, Ethiopia,1984

Ofelia Gelvezon-Tequi

(Photos courtesy the artists)

Li Zhanyang Photo Courtesy Dick Daroy

Araya Rasdjarmrearnsook (Photo courtesy the artist)

Migrant worker

Migrant worker

Liang Shuo Photo courtesy Dick Daroy

Modernity: tensions  environmental

degradation

Nunelucio Alvarado

Styles  Futurism: movement, technology  Surrealism: another reality  Expressionism: intense emotion,

intensely personal, dark, morbid

Surrealism

Dali/Persistence of Memory

Surrealism

De Chirico/Melancholy of a Beautiful Day

Chagall Yo Y La Villa

Klee/Coffin and Donkeys

Miro

Miro

Patricia Piccinnini

21st century: 2003 Venice Biennal

Patricia Piccinnini

Patricia Piccinnini

Patricia Piccinnini

Patricia Piccinnini

Patricia Piccinnini

Patricia Piccinnini

Stephanie Arambulo Delacruz My name is Barbie. I am custom made. Digital print 2003

Self and Solidarity:

Maria Cristina Valdezco M a r

Strengthening the Core

Anti Pope Ernst/Napoleon in the Desert

Yves Tanguy/Through birds, through fire, but not through the glass

Expressionism

Edvard Ensor

Expressionism

Van Gogh

Munch Madonna The Scream Puberty Crucifixion

Modernism  Artist’s

engagements with problems of modernity, e.g. Painter of Modern Life (Baudelaire)  avant-garde

Mark Justiniani

Challenges to Realism

FORM

formal self-consciousness

Edades

Lao Lianben Ang Kiukok

Disintegration of form

Impressionism: Monet

“painterly” brushstrokes Shimmering, “soft-lighted surfaces Light and color

Pointillist: Seurat

Van Gogh/Irises, Wheatfield

Laundry Girls Ironing

Degas/Ballet Dancers

Pisaro

Renoir

Renoir

Highly personal use of Color Woman with Hat

Fauvism: Matisse Large Red Interior

Gauguin

Hail Mary

Primitivism

Edades/Interactions

Utamaru

Toulouse-Lautrec

“the cube, the sphere and the cylinder SHAPE

Still Life with Apples

Mt. Saint Vitoire

Cubism: Cezanne

Braque

Synthetic cubism

Analytic cubism

Social Realist

Guernica

Manansala/Kahig Transparent cubism

Magsaysay-Ho Tawanan

Tintoretto (Jacopo Robusti), Christ at the Sea of Galilee, c. 1575-80, [160 k,] oil on canvas, 46 x 66 1/4 inches (117 x 168.5 cm), National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC.

Mannerism in value, exaggerated contrasts

View of Toledo El Greco (Domenikos Theotokopoulos) (Greek, 1541–1614) Oil on canvas; 47 3/4 x 42 3/4 in. (121.3 x 108.6 cm) H. O. Havemeyer Collection, Bequest of Mrs. H. O. Havemeyer, 1929 (29.100.6)

The painter's given name was Domenikos Theotokopoulos. In Toledo, where he lived for nearly forty years, he was known as "El Greco" (the Greek). This view is the only independent landscape by the artist that survives. He has imaginatively reconfigured the city, showing the cathedral not in its actual position but to the left of the Alcázar palace.

Saint Jerome as Cardinal, ca. 1610–14 El Greco (Domenikos Theotokopoulos) (Greek, 1541–1614) Oil on canvas; 42 1/2 x 34 1/4 in. (108 x 87 cm) Robert Lehman Collection, 1975 (1975.1.146)

Mannerism of gesture, with hands calling attention to themselves

Futurism

Balla/Automobile, Dog on a Leash Futurist: Movement

Duchamp Nude Descending a Staircase

Art Deco  Period between the

world wars  Combines art nouveau and cubism  Fragmentation and abstraction

Adam and Eve/Tamara de Lempicka

Optical figurative

Cubism, impressionism: analytical, scientific Expressionism: “emotional” Surrealism, social realism: context of modernity

And Job Was Also Man Martino Abellana Formal innovations Engagement with social realities

(Photo from Cebu online website)

The Human form

Auguste Rodin The Kiss

Durer Tamara de Lempicka

Klimt

Human form starts to fragment

Reduction and simplification of the human form

Constantin Brancusi

Reduction and simplification of the human form Napoleon Abueva Mother and Child

Henry Moore Recumbent Figure

Juan Gris Portrait of Picasso

Duchamp Nude Descending a Staircase

Anita Magsaysay-Ho Fish Vender 1997

Picasso Demoiselle D’Avignon

Ivan Albright/Into The World Come a Soul Called Ida

Gauguin Where Are We? Where did we come from? Where are we going?

Giacometti Man Pointing Man Striding

crisis of the subject

Munch/The Scream