156 Exam 3 Study Guide

Study Guide 3 Chapters 9, 10, 12, 13, 20 BIO 156 Fall 2009 “Believe in yourself! Have faith in your abilities!” Norman Vincent Peale 1898 - 1993 Exam Format: 1. About thirty-five 1-point multiple choice questions based upon Check Your Progress, Understanding the Terms, Reviewing this Chapter, Thinking Scientifically, and Testing Yourself. 2. A 15-to-20-point matching section based upon the key terms listed below. 3. Eight or nine 5-point short answer questions (in the exact same wording) chosen from the list below. Please base your answers on completeness, not length. 4. Laboratory component taken from in-class labs. Study Tips: 1. Each week, you should be spending many hours studying and practicing the material. Please do not expect to succeed in this class doing less. 2. Send me your essay answers for review, and I will give you feedback and help perfect your responses. 3. Start early, handle information frequently. 4. Skim or read chapters. 5. Read your notes or outline aloud. 6. Make flashcards of terms. 7. Draw bubble diagrams or concept maps. 8. Make a contact in class as a study partner and call right away if you get confused. Exam Taking Tips: 1. Please write legibly. If I cannot read it, it is wrong. 2. Start by answering something you know for sure. 3. Avoid changing answers to multiple-choice questions. When uncertain, place a checkmark in the margin and go back later. 4. There is lots of time. Check over your paper before turning it in. 5. Labeled drawings often answer a question well. 6. Relax. We are all works in progress, and one exam does not determine your final grade; persistence and improvement will. Potential Short Answer Questions. Please practice all: 1. Define inspiration, expiration, and ventilation.

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2. 3. 4. 5.

Name and describe the structures in the lungs in which gas exchange occurs. Understand how breathing is achieved, including inspiration and expiration. List the functions of the urinary system. Describe the three steps in urine formation, and relate these to parts of a nephron. 6. Describe how the kidneys maintain the water-salt balance of the blood. 7. Give four ways the urinary system interacts with other body systems to maintain homeostasis. 8. Draw and describe the microanatomy of a muscle fiber. 9. Describe the neuromuscular junction, and explain how impulses are transferred to the muscle fiber. 10.List the three types of neurons. Draw a neuron and label the three parts. 11. Describe the initiation and propagation of a nerve impulse including the terms resting potential and action potential. 12. Describe drug action at a synapse, and discuss the effects of alcohol. 13. A. Explain how gametes carry only one gene for each trait. B. Describe two ways in which meiosis creates genetic diversity among gametes . 14. Be able to solve a one-trait autosomal genetics problems using a Punnett square. 15. A. Explain what is meant by multiple alleles. B. Explain how ABO blood types are inherited, and list the possible genotypes. 16. Show how sex-linked traits are generally inherited on the X chromosome. Terms for matching

Ch. 9

2. Aquaporin 3. Distal convoluted tubule 4. Erythropoietin 5. Excretion 6. Glomerular capsule 7. Loop of nephron 8. Micturition 9. Peritubular capillary network 10.Urea 11.Tubular secretion 12.Tubular reabsorption 13.Uric acid 14.Renal artery 15.Renal vein

1. Alveolus

2. Bicarbonate ion 3. Carbonic anhydrase 4. Chemoreceptor 5. Epiglottis 6. Oxyhemoglobin 7. Pneumonia 8. Reduced hemoglobin 9. Respiratory control center 10.Surfactant vital capacity 11.Trachea 12.Partial pressure 13.Bronchiole 14.Diaphragm 15.Vital capacity 16.Tidal volume 17.Residual volume

Ch. 12

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

Ch. 10 1. Acidosis

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Actin Myofibril Myosin Sarcolemma Sarcomere Sliding filament model

2. Incomplete dominance 3. Codominance 4. Polygenic inheritance 5. X-inactivation 6. Autosome 7. Carrier 8. Colorblindness 9. Dihybrid 10.Recessive allele 11.Dominant allele 12.Genotype 13.Hemophilia 14.Fragile x syndrome 15. Huntington’s disease 16. Heterozygous 17.Phenotype 18.Sex-linked 19.Familial hypercholesterolemia

7. Sarcoplasmic reticulum 8. Muscle tone 9. Troponin 10.Tropomyosin 11.Transverse (T) tubule 12.Intercalated disk 13.myoglobin 14.Neuromuscular junction 15.Oxygen debt

Ch. 13

1. Acetylcholine 2. Acetylcholinesterase 3. Action potential 4. Cell body 5. Dendrite 6. Dopamine 7. Interneuron 8. Motor neuron 9. Neurotransmitter 10.Resting potential 11.Schwann cell 12.Synapse Ch. 20 1. Allele

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