11 - Aplikasi Multimedia - Cbt, Games, Dan Virtual Reality

Matakuliah Tahun

: T0732 / Sistem Multimedia : 2007

CBT, Virtual Reality, and Games Pertemuan 11

Learning Outcomes Pada akhir pertemuan ini, diharapkan mahasiswa akan mampu : • Membandingkan Jenis – Jenis Aplikasi Multimedia

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Outline Materi • • • • • •

Many Names What is CAI Types of CAI Software Advantages of CAI Virtual Reality Games Development

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Many Names • • • • • • •

Computer Assisted Learning (CAL) Computer Based Training (CBT) Computer Based Teaching (CBT) Web Based Training (WBT) Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI) Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS) Computer Based Education (CBE) This industry is much larger than the game industry

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What is CAI •

Computer Assisted Instruction refers to a system of educational instruction performed almost entirely by computer. Such systems typically incorporate functions such as: – – – – – – –

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Assessing student capabilities with a pre-test Presenting educational materials in a navigable form Providing repetitive drills to improve the student's command of knowledge Possibly, providing game-based drills to increase learning enjoyment Assessing student progress with a post-test Routing students through a series of courseware instructional programs. Recording student scores and progress for later inspection by a courseware instructor.

Types of CAI Software •

Drill and Practice – – – –

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Games – –

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May include point scoring, and can be individual or team format Have the potential for a very motivational environment

Simulations – –

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Typically, drill and practice activities are supplementary to the “normal” teaching process Drill and practice is good for fundamental mastery Can be thought of as a “flash card” system of the stimulus-response model Speed is important for both presentation and feedback

Can provide microworlds (e.g., a world without friction or gravity) Simulations are safe, inexpensive, fast, slow, clean, possible

Tutorials –

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Self-paced, where the computer acts as an infinitely-patient, all-wise tutor

Advantages of CAI • • • •

Save Training Time Enforces Quality Design Provides Standard Curriculum Easily Modified and Updated

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Example 01: CBT Program for Mill Operators

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Example 01: CBT Program for Mill Operators

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Example 02: FEMA Hazardous Materials and Domestic Preparedness Blended Learning

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Example 03: FAA Airport Surface Detection Equipment - Model X (ASDE-X) Blended Learning

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Example 04: United Nations "Microfinance Distance Learning Programme" Blended Learning

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Example 05: US Marine Corps "Financially Fit, Mission Ready!" Computer-based Training

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Example 06: FEMA EMS Response to Multiple Casualty Incidents Web-based Training

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Example 07: FAA "Memory 101" Computer-based Training

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Virtual Reality Definition • What is virtual reality? – Virtual – • being in essence or effect, but not in fact

– Reality – • the state or quality of being real. Something that exists independently of ideas concerning it. Something that constitutes a real or actual thing as distinguished from something that is merely apparent

– Virtual Reality • a computer generated ‘immersive’ (or wide field), multi-sensory information program which tracks a user in real time

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Key Elements of Virtual Reality Experience •

Virtual World - content of a given medium – screen play, script, etc. – actors performing the play allows us to experience the virtual world

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Immersion – sensation of being in an environment – mental immersion – suspension of disbelief – physical immersion – bodily entering the medium – Related to presence – (mentally immersed) the participant’s sensation of being in the virtual environment (Slater)

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Walking Experiment at UNC – Chapel Hill

Key Elements of Virtual Reality Experience •

Sensory Feedback – information about the virtual world is presented to the participant’s senses – Visual (most common) – Audio – Touch

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Interactivity – the virtual world responds to the user’s actions. – Computer makes this possible – Real-time Walking Experiment at UNC – Chapel Hill

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Entertainment

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Training (NASA)

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Clinical Virtual Reality

Hunter Hoffman HITLab – University of Washington

The direct use of VR as a tool in the treatment or assessment of psychological and physical disorders. Bina Nusantara

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Gaming Platform • Personal computer games – commonly referred to as "computer games" or "PC games"

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Gaming Platform • Console games – commonly referred to as "video games"

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Gaming Platform • Arcade games – coin-operated games played on a standalone device originally leased to commercial entertainment venues

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Gaming Platform •

Internet games – those which require a connection to the Internet to play

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Game Development Team Roles •

Game Designer – a person who designs games. The term normally refers to a person who designs computer or video games, but it can also refer to one who designs traditional games

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Artists – responsible for all of the aspects of game development that calls for visual art

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Programmers – a software engineer who primarily develops computer or video games or related software (such as game development tools)

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Level designers – a person who creates levels for computer and/or video games using a specific set of programs

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Sound engineers (composers, and for sound effects) Testers – a person whose profession consists of testing video and computer games in order to find bugs, errors and possible conflicts as a quality control process.

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Producers – the person in charge of overseeing development of a video or computer game

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