10 Chem Rate Lab

Exploring the Effects of Surface Area of Aluminum foil on Amount of Gas Created Question What is the effect of surface area on rate of reaction? Hypothesis If we increase the surface area of the aluminum foil then the amount of gas created will increase. I think this because a larger surface area allows more aluminum foil to be corroded by the acid resulting in a longer chemical reaction that gives off a greater amount of gas. Experimental Design Control

Experimental

Experimental

Experimental

Experimental

Group

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Level 4

6x2 Aluminum Foil

5x2 Aluminum Foil

4x2 Aluminum Foil

6 M HCl

6 M HCl

6 M HCl

1 Beaker

1 Beaker

1 Beaker

3x2 Aluminum Foil 2x2 Aluminum Foil 6 M HCl

6 M HCl

1 Beaker

1 Beaker

1 Graduated Cylinder 1 Graduated Cylinder

1 Graduated Cylinder

1 Graduated Cylinder 1 Graduated Cylinder

Rubber Tubing

Rubber Tubing

Rubber Tubing

Rubber Tubing

Test Tube

Test Tube

Test Tube

Test Tube

Stopwatch (30 sec) Stopwatch (30 sec)

Stopwatch (30 sec)

Stopwatch (30 sec)

Water

Water

Water

Water

Rubber Tubing Test Tube Stopwatch (30 sec) Water

Manipulated Variable: Surface area of the aluminum foil Responding Variable: Gas produced in ml/sec Controlled Variable: Mass of aluminum foil, type of aluminum foil, 30 seconds amount of time, type of materials

Data

Control Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4

Surface Area 6x2 5x2 4x2 3x2 2x2

Control Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4

Surface Area 6x2 5x2 4x2 3x2 2x2

Control Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4

Surface Area 6x2 5x2 4x2 3x2 2x2

Control Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4

Surface Area 6x2 5x2 4x2 3x2 2x2

Trial 1 Time (sec) 30 30 30 30 30 Trial 2 Time (sec) 30 30 30 30 30 Trial 3 Time (sec) 30 30 30 30 30 Trial 4 Time (sec) 30 30 30 30 30

Gas Produced (ml/sec) 8ml/30 6ml/30 4ml/30 3ml/30 2ml/30 Gas Produced (ml/sec) 8ml/30 6ml/30 4ml/30 2ml/30 1ml/30 Gas Produced (ml/sec) 7ml/30 6ml/30 5ml/30 2ml/30 2ml/30 Gas Produced (ml/sec) 8ml/30 6ml/30 5ml/30 3ml/30 2ml/30

Control Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4

Surface Area 6x2 5x2 4x2 3x2 2x2

Control Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4

Surface Area 6x2 5x2 4x2 3x2 2x2

Trial 5 Time (sec) 30 30 30 30 30 Averages Time (sec) 30 30 30 30 30

Gas Produced (ml/sec) 7ml/30 6ml/30 4ml/30 3ml/30 2ml/30 Gas Produced (ml/sec) 7.6ml/30 sec 6ml/30 sec 4.4ml/30 sec 2.6ml/30 sec 1.8ml/30 sec

Graph

Surface Area

Gas Produced 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 1

2

3

4

Gas Produced Gas Produced

Surface Area

5

Conclusion In conclusion my hypothesis was supported. If we increase the surface area of the aluminum foil then the gas produced will increase. The highest point of data on our data chart was 7.6 ml of gas produced in 30 seconds for a surface area of 6x2. The lowest data point on my graph was 1.8ml of gas produced in 30 seconds for a 2x2 surface area. These data points show that the larger surface area was able to produce more gas than the smaller surface area. Sources of error that could’ve occurred are that the gas produced was measured incorrectly because the test tube wasn’t filled with enough water and had air gaps in it when it was submersed into the beaker. This could affect our data because the measurements of total gas produced would be greater than the actual amount of gas produced. Another source of error is that when the gas was being produced, a few ml of gas could have escaped into the beaker instead of going into the test tube, this would affect our data because our measurements of gas produced would be less than the actual amount. Lastly, when changing the surface area of the aluminum foil, our measurements could’ve not been exact and this would affect how much gas would be produced.