1. Describe Location Of Exeter? Exeter Is A City In
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1. Describe Location Of Exeter? Exeter is a city in Devon, England. Tourism forms a vital part of the city’s economy, and in 2004 Exeter was granted Fair-trade City status. Exeter has been identified as one of the top ten most profitable locations for a business to be based. The City has good transport links, with Exeter St David’s Railway Station, Exeter Central Railway Station, M5 Motorway and Exeter International Airport connecting the city both nationally and internationally. 2. What is meant by the term Urban Redevelopment? Urban Development is development of an existing city suffering from long-term infrastructural decay. 3. Explain the reasons why Exeter decided to redevelop Princess Hay? When Exeter was bombed; homes were lost, buildings were destroyed, and lives were taken. The first two raids were in April, when seven explosive bombs were dropped on the city. Seventy three people died and twenty were seriously injured. These raids carried on for a month until the bombers disappeared turning their attention to Bath, Norwich, York, and Canterbury, and then returned to Exeter on May 4thand this raid would change the city forever. On the May 4th at 01.05, twenty Luftwaffe bombers flew across the city. The first bomb was dropped in Newtown where many roof fires ignited. An hour later there were nineteen reports of fires, and the fires were raging through the High street. All fire pumps were in action trying to put out the raging fires. All telephone and light systems failed in the city, the high street was blocked, and fire fighters were unable to get to the central area where buildings were burning. The May 4th bombing on Exeter was a disaster. The raid killed 156 and seriously injured 563 people. Thirty acres of the city were destroyed and many ancient buildings were destroyed in the flames and many damaged. The Cathedral was hit by one bomb, but luckily the stained glass windows of the Cathedral were removed to safety. Two thirds of the High Street were destroyed and many homes.
It
was in 1945 that Exeter’s City Council
asked, Thomas Sharp to plan on the rebuilding of the city. While the City Council had ideas of repairing and restoring damaged buildings, Sharps plans were a little ambitious with ideas of modern buildings, wide pavements, pedestrian areas and views of the cathedral and conservation of the old Roman City Walls. In reality, the council couldn't afford to carry out Sharp's plan, but part of the city centre was rebuilt along his guidelines, and the brand new shopping centre of Princess-hay was created. Princess Hay was created in 1945; this picture was taken in 1978.
4. Why do some people have objection to Princess Hay? Princess Hay was the first pedestrian-only shopping street in the UK. A range of different shops and cafes appealed to visitors who could enjoy wide spaces and fine views of the Cathedral. Despite these attractions, Princess Hay was to be short-lived; just 50 years later it was demolished and completely redeveloped. At this time Cribb’s Causeway was opening, a huge out of town shopping centre in the rural urban fringe of Bristol.
The council sold the area of Princess Hay to a company named Land Securities, they did this because they thought Princess Hay was outdated and they wanted it to be modern and unique. Land Securities made a plan to build a big new and modern mall. The Council agreed to the plans for the mall, but there was an outcry from the public, who felt that the city centre would lose its character. The New Princess Hay is modern, and has great shops! I think it was great. But on the other hand I also agree with the people that don’t like it. The people of Exeter preferred the old Princess Hay because of its character and availability for the farmers market which is not possible to be done in the new Princess Hay, as it is not wide enough. They do not want Exeter’s attractions to be shops as this attracts more tourists. The loss of the Cathedral view also was a shame. You used to be able to see it while having a cup of coffee in a nearby cafe, in the new Princess Hay this is not possible. Although some of the people in Exeter love the new Princess Hay, some also do not because of these reasons. 5. Define Following Terms: Sustainable Urban Redevelopment is when you develop on an existing city to meet human needs while preserving the environment, so these needs can also be met in the future generations as well as the present day. Section 106 is a financial contribution by a developer to local services or a community on commencement of the development. These can be contributions for schools, hospitals, village halls, youth clubs, sports facilities etc.
Mixed Land Use is when developers try to encourage people to live in the CBD this is because they want to reduce the amount of transport used for people to get to work, if they live in the CBD they can walk or get public transport, this helps the environment. They are also beginning to encourage home office areas for people living in rural areas, so people can work from home. Conservation is the preservation and management of the environment and of natural resources. Revitalize is when something is given a new lease of life that already exists. Regeneration is when a something is renewed, when a building is knocked down and then re-built. 6. Do You Think Princess Hay has revitalised the CBD? I think that Princess Hay has definitely revitalized the CBD of Exeter. Whether this is a good thing or not I don’t know, but with the modern design, great shops, Public Art, Public Seats, They have also reserved the history of the roman wall and underground tunnels. Princess Hay has an underground delivery unit so they can deliver without creating traffic. With it attracting Tourists it creates more money for its CBD. Also the shops creating job availability. Everywhere is in need of more housing so the flats in Princess Hay are great for this, but although this is good, it also creates a bit of a problem. Only people with alot of money can live there, this is not good because the housing that is needed needs to be affordable. The down sides to Princess Hay is that because of its great points it puts other traders in its shadow and with the rent being so high to be situated in Princess Hay; many other businesses are shutting down. But overall all the advantages definitely outweigh the disadvantages. 7. Is Princess Hay a Good Example of A Sustainable Redevelopment?
Princess Hay’s main priority is to make Exeter’s CBD a great place to shop. Although it ticks some boxes to be environmentally friendly, such as it being in one small area so you don’t have to travel to get to the bigger shopping areas. On the other hand it is not as friendly as it could be. There are many concrete areas and when you walk around you don’t see solar panels and light tubes. I think that economically it is not great. This is because the rent is too high and local retailers for example the surf shop Quicksilver moved out
after a year in the new development. An Exeter food retailer closed down, and blamed the lack of customers on Princess Hay and several retail units such as Debenhams remain empty. Overall I think that Princess Hay is a great shopping mall, with major retail stores, but also have faults not making it the best mall that it could be.
It
was in 1945 that Exeter’s City Council
asked, Thomas Sharp to plan on the rebuilding of the city. While the City Council had ideas of repairing and restoring damaged buildings, Sharps plans were a little ambitious with ideas of modern buildings, wide pavements, pedestrian areas and views of the cathedral and conservation of the old Roman City Walls. In reality, the council couldn't afford to carry out Sharp's plan, but part of the city centre was rebuilt along his guidelines, and the brand new shopping centre of Princess-hay was created. Princess Hay was created in 1945; this picture was taken in 1978.
4. Why do some people have objection to Princess Hay? Princess Hay was the first pedestrian-only shopping street in the UK. A range of different shops and cafes appealed to visitors who could enjoy wide spaces and fine views of the Cathedral. Despite these attractions, Princess Hay was to be short-lived; just 50 years later it was demolished and completely redeveloped. At this time Cribb’s Causeway was opening, a huge out of town shopping centre in the rural urban fringe of Bristol.
The council sold the area of Princess Hay to a company named Land Securities, they did this because they thought Princess Hay was outdated and they wanted it to be modern and unique. Land Securities made a plan to build a big new and modern mall. The Council agreed to the plans for the mall, but there was an outcry from the public, who felt that the city centre would lose its character. The New Princess Hay is modern, and has great shops! I think it was great. But on the other hand I also agree with the people that don’t like it. The people of Exeter preferred the old Princess Hay because of its character and availability for the farmers market which is not possible to be done in the new Princess Hay, as it is not wide enough. They do not want Exeter’s attractions to be shops as this attracts more tourists. The loss of the Cathedral view also was a shame. You used to be able to see it while having a cup of coffee in a nearby cafe, in the new Princess Hay this is not possible. Although some of the people in Exeter love the new Princess Hay, some also do not because of these reasons. 5. Define Following Terms: Sustainable Urban Redevelopment is when you develop on an existing city to meet human needs while preserving the environment, so these needs can also be met in the future generations as well as the present day. Section 106 is a financial contribution by a developer to local services or a community on commencement of the development. These can be contributions for schools, hospitals, village halls, youth clubs, sports facilities etc.
Mixed Land Use is when developers try to encourage people to live in the CBD this is because they want to reduce the amount of transport used for people to get to work, if they live in the CBD they can walk or get public transport, this helps the environment. They are also beginning to encourage home office areas for people living in rural areas, so people can work from home. Conservation is the preservation and management of the environment and of natural resources. Revitalize is when something is given a new lease of life that already exists. Regeneration is when a something is renewed, when a building is knocked down and then re-built. 6. Do You Think Princess Hay has revitalised the CBD? I think that Princess Hay has definitely revitalized the CBD of Exeter. Whether this is a good thing or not I don’t know, but with the modern design, great shops, Public Art, Public Seats, They have also reserved the history of the roman wall and underground tunnels. Princess Hay has an underground delivery unit so they can deliver without creating traffic. With it attracting Tourists it creates more money for its CBD. Also the shops creating job availability. Everywhere is in need of more housing so the flats in Princess Hay are great for this, but although this is good, it also creates a bit of a problem. Only people with alot of money can live there, this is not good because the housing that is needed needs to be affordable. The down sides to Princess Hay is that because of its great points it puts other traders in its shadow and with the rent being so high to be situated in Princess Hay; many other businesses are shutting down. But overall all the advantages definitely outweigh the disadvantages. 7. Is Princess Hay a Good Example of A Sustainable Redevelopment?
Princess Hay’s main priority is to make Exeter’s CBD a great place to shop. Although it ticks some boxes to be environmentally friendly, such as it being in one small area so you don’t have to travel to get to the bigger shopping areas. On the other hand it is not as friendly as it could be. There are many concrete areas and when you walk around you don’t see solar panels and light tubes. I think that economically it is not great. This is because the rent is too high and local retailers for example the surf shop Quicksilver moved out
after a year in the new development. An Exeter food retailer closed down, and blamed the lack of customers on Princess Hay and several retail units such as Debenhams remain empty. Overall I think that Princess Hay is a great shopping mall, with major retail stores, but also have faults not making it the best mall that it could be.
