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ðzwfcs+yD; taemufeJŒjyefvnfajyvnfatmifaqmif¶GufwJhtaeeJŒ tar&duefa&muf xdkif;oHtrwf qDeDudk 0ef}uD;csKyf&mxl;ay;tyfcJhygw,f? zdbGefeJŒ ppfwyftodkif;t0dkif;u &mxl;pGef@v$wf&+yD;aemufydkif;rSm y&D'D[m EkdifiHa&;rsufESmpmrSm jyefvnfta&;ygvmygw,f? zdbGefeJŒ ppfwyftodkif;t0dkif;udk wefjyefwt hJ aeeJŒ y&D'[ D m bk&ifro d m;pkeŒJ qufqaH &; jyefvnfxal xmif+yD; Oa&mybuf wdr;f a&SmifaewJh tmeENmbk&ifav;tygt0if bk&ifb h ufawmfom; trsm;tjym;udk vGwf +idrf;csrf;omcGifheJŒ jyefac:cJhygw,f? bk&ifh*dk%fom;awG tpdk;&xJ jyefa&mufvm+yD; bk&ifeJŒ aqGrsdK;eD;pyfawmfwJh qDeDy&mrkwf 0ef}uD;csKyfjzpfvmcJhw,f? 1945 rSm qDeD[m olŒnD uku&pf y&mrkwf eJŒaygif;+yD; bk&ifvdkvm;wJh 'Drdku&ufygwDudk pwifxlaxmifcJhygw,f? 'Dru kd &ufygw[ D m v$waf wmfxrJ m‡ y&D'&D ŒJ tkypf ek ŒJ tm;òydirf a_ wG&v Sd m+yD; tpd;k &udk pdeaf c: cJhygw,f? 'kwd,urBmppft+yD; xdkfif;EdkifiHa&;[m &_yfaxG;aecJhw,f? ppfwyf/ bk&ifh *d% k ;f om;awGeŒJ y&D'&D ŒJ vpfb&,f*% kd ;f om;wd@k tm;òydiaf ecJ&h mu 1946 *|ev f 6 &ufae@ tmeENmbk&if tdyf&mxJvufonfray:bJ aoqHk;&wJhtcsdefrSm tm;jydKifr_ txGÉftxdyf udk a&mufcJhygw,f? tJh'DaoqHk;r_[m tcktcsdeftxd tajz&Smr&ayr,fh qDeDeJŒ bk&ifh bufawmfom;awGuawmh y&D'Dudk pGyfpGJcJhygw,f? tmeENmbk&ifaoqHk;+yD;aemuf ol@nD awmf ,ckvuf&dS bk&ifblrdabmudk xD;eef;tyfcJhygw,f? 1947 rSm ppfwyfu tm%m jyefodrf;+yD; y&D'D&JŒvlawGudk z,f&Sm;cJhygw,f? y&D'Dvnf; vufrwifav; vGwfajrmuf oGm;+yD;/ 1949 rSmjyefvmcJhygw,f? tJh'Daemuf qD&Dxdkif;tzGJ@0ifawGeJŒ ppfwyfxJu ol@udk vdkvm;olawG&JŒtultnDeJŒ tm%mjyef&zdk@óudpm;cJhygw,f? 'gayr,fh y&D'Dbufawmf om; a&wyfu tm%modrf;zdk@}uHpnfwmtygt0if tJh'Dvdk óud;yrf;r_awGtm;vHk; t¶H_; eJ@ &ifqkdif&+yD; y&D'Dvnf; yxr w&kwfEdkifiH/ aemuf+yD; t*FvefrSm jynfajy;tjzpf ouf qHk;wdkif aexdkifoGm;cJh&ygw,f? 1947 ppfwyftm%modrf;r_rSm zdbGefu ¶kyfjytjzpf yg0if vmayr,fh bk&ifeJŒ bk&ifhbufawmfom;awGbufu yl;aygif;}uHpnfw,fvdk@ oHo, &dSaeolawGvnf; &dSygw,f? 'Daemufydkif;rSm ppfwyfu bk&ifhbufawmfom;awGeJŒ eD;uyfvmcJh+yD; tpdk;& xJr‡m 'Drdku&ufawGtrsm;pk ae&m&vmygw,f? ppfwyfuawmh uef@vef@um aemuf uG,fu xdef;csKyfaecJhygw,f? aemufydkif;rSm tpdk;&tzGJŒ &mxl;tay;t,ludpPtygt0if bk&ifhtm%mudk wdk;jr‡ifhay;zdk@ 'Drdku&ufwdk@uóud;pm;vmvkd@ ppfwyfeJŒrajyrvnfjzpf+yD; 1951 rSm pwkxˆt}udrftjzpf ppfwyfu tm%modrf;jyefygw,f? tJh'Dvdk tm%modrf;r_ [m qGpfZmvefuae bk&ifblrdabmjyefrvmcif wpf&uftvkdrSmjzpfcJhwmyg? tJ'Dwpf }udrf tm%modrf;r_aemufydkif; ppfwyftm%m[m ESpfaygif; 20 =umatmifwnf+rJcJh+yD; ppfacgif;aqmif wpfa,muf+yD;wpfa,muf ajymif;vJtkyfcsKyfvmcJhwm 1970 ausmfwJh 65

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txdygyJ? 1963 rSm ppfacgif;aqmif q&pf oefem&yf aoqHk;+yD;aemuf oEGef uDwDcc|ef wufvmygw,f? oEGef&JŒtkyfcsKyfr_[m 1973 rSm xdkif;wuUodkvfausmif;om;awG&JŒ qENjyyGJay:aygufvmwhJtxd 10 ESpf =umjrifhcJhygw,f? bk&ifESifh bk&ifhbufawmfom;wdk@ ae&m&vmjcif; 'Drdku&ufwdk@u bk&ifhtm%mudk wdk;jr‡ifhay;vmwmudk rauseyfvdk@ ppfwyfu tm%modrf;cJhw,fqdkayr,fh bk&ifomv#if EdkifiHudkwnf+idrfatmif wnfhrwfay;Edkifr,f qdkwmudk ppfacgif;aqmif q&pf u odjrifygw,f? 'ga=umifhvnf; bk&ifudk jynfolvlxk a&SŒrSm yGJxkwfcJhw,f? bk&ifuvnf; wdkif;jynftESHŒ wdkif;cef;vSnfhvnfjcif;tm;jzifh jynfolvlxk&JŒ ,Hk=unfudk;pm;r_udk&,lcJhygw,f? 'ghtjyif bk&ifheJŒ awmf0ifrdom;pk&JŒ qif;&Jom;yaysmufa&;pDrHudef;awGa=umifh befaumufòrdŒeJŒ a0;oDacgifzsm;wJht&yf a'ou jynfolvlxktzdk@ bk&iftay: =unfndKpdwfawG ykd+yD;wkd;yGm;vmcJhygw,f? wcsdefwnf;rSm bk&ifeJŒ tm%m&tpdk;& qufqHa&;[mvnf; wdk;wufjzpf xGef;vm+yD; 1973 rSm ausmif;om;eJŒ jynfolvlxku ppftm%m&SifpepftqHk;owfa&; awmif;qdkvmwJhtcg bk&ifu =um;0ifjzefajzay;+yD; ppfacgif;aqmif oEGefeJŒ taygif;tyg wdk@udk jynfyodk@ xGufoGm;apcJhygw,f? 'Dhaemuf zGJŒpnf;yHktajccHOya'topf a&;qGJ+yD; ppftm%m&Sipf epfut dk qk;H owfr,fh t&yfom;tkycf sKyfa&;acwfukd toufoiG ;f cJyh gw,f? 'gayr,fhJ 1973-76 umvrSm xdkif;uGefjrLepfygwD&JŒ ppfa&;t&+cdrf;ajcmufr_awG }uD;}uD; rm;rm; &dv S mwma=umifh ppfwyftwGi;f rSm uGejf rLepfqef@usiaf &;pdw"f gwv f nf; }uD;xGm; cJhygw,f? 1973 qENjyyGJr‡myg0ifcJhwJh ausmif;om;wpfcsKdŒ uGefjrLepfygwDeJŒyl;aygif;+yD; vuf eufudkifqefŒusifwma=umifh wuUokdvf0ef;usifw0dkufrSm r,HkouFmeJŒ apmifh=unfhr_awG &dScJhygw,f? tm%m& t&yfom;EdkifiHa&;orm;awGudkvnf; uGefjrLepf odk@r[kwf uGefjrL epf vdkvm;olawGtjzpf pGyfpGJcJhygw,f? tJ'Dvdk pGyfpGJcH&olawGxJrSm aemifwcsdef0ef}uD;csKyf awGjzpfvmr,hf c|efvdydkif eJŒ tmeefyefnm&mc|ef wdk@vnf; yg0ifygw,f? 'gayr,hf 1976 ckESpfrSm jynfyxGufajy;oGm;wJh oEGef uDwDcc|ef[m bkef;}uD; 0wfeJŒjyefa&mufvmwJhtwGuf ppfwyfudk rauseyfwJhausmif;om;eJŒ jynfolvlxk[m 'kwd,t}udrfvrf;ay:xGuf qENjyvmcJhygw,f? 'Dwpf}udrfrSmvnf; ppfwyfeJŒ ppfwyf u ausmaxmufaemufcHay;xm;wJh vuf,mpGef;tkyfpkawGuEdSrfeif;vdk@ ausmif;om;eJŒ jynfolvlxkawG aoqHk;cJhygw,f? 'DjzpfpOfrSm ppfwyftjyif bk&ifhrdom;pkyg ywfouf qufEG,faew,fvdk@vnf; pGyfpGJr_awG &dScJhygw,f? 'DvdkaoG;xGufoH,dkr_awGjzpfaewkef; rSmyJ ppfwyfu aemufwpf}udrf tm%modrf;vdkufjyefygw,f? 'Dwpf}udrfrSmvnf; aemuf xyf q,fpkESpfwpfckausmf =umjrifhcJh+yD;/ ppfwyfwGif;u aemufxyf tm%modrf;r_awG 66

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71

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