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MAHARASTRA MAHARASHTRA Capital: Mumbai Attractions: Gateway of India, Ajanta and Ellora Caves, Marine Drive. Language Spoken: Marathi Best Time To Visit: September to April (Coastal Regions) And September to Mid-June (Hill Stations) Rugged and vast, of enormous energy and vitality, Maharashtra, the third largest state in India, was created in 1960, from the Marathi-speaking regions of what was previously Bombay State. The Arabian Sea in the west, Gujarat in the northwest, Madhya Pradesh in the north, Andhra Pradesh in the southeast, and Karnataka and Goa in the south bound the state. Maharashtra with its diverse geographical features provides a range of tourist centers. The state has a 720-km coastline dotted by rugs standing as mute witnesses down the ages to the march of warrior kings, foreign trading vessels and invaders from across the seas. Running parallel to the coast are the Western Ghats, which harbour some of the more scenic and inviting hill stations - particularly Matheran and Mahabaleshwar. The Ghats divide the Deccan from the Konkan Coast, with its unspoilt beaches, today being developed as modern resorts, like Ganapatipule and Sindhudurg. The beauty of Maharashtra is in its forts, caves and temples, so much so that it is called 'Dagd-Ancha Desh', meaning the Land of Rocks. It has a lot to offer to a visitor, its features are such that any tourist will definitely find something of his interest from among its beaches, forts, caves, temples, cities, wildlife sanctuaries, bird sanctuaries etc. The intricately carved caves of Ajanta, Ellora and Elephanta highlight the Indian heritage and the spellbinding Indian Culture. Religious places like Pandharpur, Nashik, Shirdi, Trimbakeshwar, Tuljapur, Ganapatipulr, Bhimashankar etc are a refreshing experience and make a fascinating whole. Capital: Mumbai, the capital, can well claim to be (after Kolkata) the second cultural center of India. Also known as the First City of India, it is one of the world's truly great cosmopolitan metropolises. Being the economic powerhouse of India Mumbai is the most affluent and industrialized city in the country today. Its tradition of glamour and showbiz makes it the city of dreams. Lively and pulsating, Mumbai is India's answer to Hollywood, producing more films each year than any other county in the world. It is also the center of a healthy theatre culture. Originally, the city was a place of seven islands, which Colaba, Fort, Byculla, Parel, worli, Matungs and Mahim. At present the Greater Mumbai extends into a single Mumbai extends into a single large landmass. Mumbai's major sightseeing interests include Gateway of India, Bombay High Court, Victoria Terminus, and countless others. Basically Mumabai belongs to the international culture. A lot of western influence over many Decades has managed to smooth out the cultural differences of the local people and pop music and disco-culture prevail above all. Open spaces in this crowded city include Chowpatty, Marine Drive and Juhu beach. History: Maharashtra is the land of legendary warriors, full of history and adventure. Maharashtra enters recorded history in the 2nd BC, with the construction of its first Buddhist caves. Maharashtra also played a key role during the freedom struggle with strong connections to Gandhi and the Indian National Congress.

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A large area of the state rests on high plateau, historically the main center of the Maratha Empire, which successfully defied the might of the Mughals under the fearless rule of Chhatrapati Shivaji, who is still an immortal legend here, his memories alive in the many forts scattered across the countryside. Many of the inland and coastal forts of Maharashtra are a legacy of Shivaji's rule. Povadas are Marathi ballads that describe the events in the life of Shivaji. They are very popular in Maharashtra and Maharashtrians highly respect this great hero and remember him through these ballads. Culture: Maharashtra is a huge storehouse of timeless art and culture, which has been reflected through its, forts, caves, palaces known for its rich history, its saints, philosophers, music, handicrafts and its festivals with all their colourful rituals and traditions, all of which amalgamate together to give a true reflection of Maharashtrian Culture. Occupation: Majority of Maharashtrian people is engaged in agriculture; main crops being sugar cane, cotton, peanuts, tobacco and pulses. The strong agriculture sector in the state has always made significant contribution to the economic development of the region. Sugarcane farming and 100's of strong complex of sugar cooperatives are turning into important growth centers in rural areas. Manufacturing industries are centered in Mumbai and to lesser extent cities such as Nagpur, Nashik, Aurangabad, Sholapur and Kolhapur, NOW account for a quarter of the nation's output. Textiles have long been important, but this is now also the premier region for electronics. Handicrafts: Maharashtra is the proud home to various different artistic techniques that have flourished under many rulers including the Marathas, the Mughals and the British. The state has a long and varied tradition of art and crafts from the paintings at Ajanta dating back to many hundreds of years to today's Warli paintings. Maharashtra is known for its Worli folk paintings. The Paithani and Narayan Peth saris are the most celebrated textiles of the state. Kolhapur is famous for its jewelry and Chappals and the craft of Lacquerware in Sawantwadi continues to cast its spell on visitors. CLIMATE: November to February is most comfortable time to visit Maharashtra although evenings can be cold. Summers are warm with the state receiving monsoon rainfall between mid-June and mid-September. Temperatures: summer (average) 22°C-39°C; winter 12°C-34°C. Best Time To Visit: September to April (coastal regions) and September to mid-June (hill stations). Festivals: Maharashtrians have many festivals to celebrate, with each having a special reason to celebrate. Ganesh Chaturthi is the most important of all Maharashtrian festivals and is celebrated with great aplomb amongst Marathi communities worldwide. The Government of Maharashtra (MTDC) organizes cultural festivals that are held as a tribute to the artists of yore, to celebrate the greatness of a site or simply a religious occasion. Gokhulashtami, Holi, Diwali, Raksha Bandhan, Gudhi Paadva, Guru Pournima, Maharashtra Day are the other festivals celebrated in the state. Population: 92 million

AKOLA Location: North Central Part of Maharashtra Nearby Attractions: Temple Of Padmaprabha, Narnala Wildlife Sanctuary Best Time To Visit: October to June Significance: An Important Commercial Trading Center Especially for Cotton Akola City is located in the north central part of Maharashtra state, western India, on the banks of Murna River and it is an important district in Vidarbha region of Maharashtra State. An important road and rail junction in the Tapti River valley, it is a commercial 2

trading center chiefly in cotton. Akola is an important educational center with several colleges affiliated with the University of Nagpur. The city of Akola is the district headquarters of Akola district. Amravati district in the north, Amravati and Yavatmal districts in the east, Parbhani and parts of Yavatmal districts in the South and Buldhana district in the West surround it. Main languages spoken in the Akola are Marathi, Hindi, Gujarati, Sindhi, and Urdu. PRIME ATTRACTIONS Shirpur: There are some important historical forts at Akola, Balapur and Karanja towns. A large number of visitors are visiting Shirpur (a large village in Washim tehsil) to see the temple of Padmaprabha, one of the 24 Tirthankars of the Jains. In addition to the above some important fairs are held in various parts of the district. Narnala Wildlife Sanctuary: This sanctuary is located 40-km away from the Akola city. The total covered area of the sanctuary is 12.35-sq-kms. The area is hilly and rugged consisting of Tropical Dry Deciduous Forests. Teak, Ain, Tiwas, Salai, Sawar, Erythrina, Lendia, Dhawda, Grewia, Dhaman, Buchanania, Bamboo, Kusum, Sterculia, Moha are the principal plant species in the area. The area is also rich in wild jasmine shrubs. The sanctuary is a rich habitat of Leopard, Sambar, Barking Deer, Wildboar, Serpents, Porcupines and Birds. HOW TO GET THERE Air: The nearest airport is Nagpur, which is about 292-km from Akola. Rail: Akola is on the Mumbai - Nagpur railway line. Road: It is well connected by road with few places like Mumbai (611-km), Nagpur (250km), Pune (468-km) etc. State transport buses ply regularly between these cities. FAIR AND FESTIVALS: "Sakharam Maharaja" fair of Loni Budsuk is the important fair of this district. Other major fairs organized in different parts of this district are "Narsing Maharaja". "Arjun Awliya", "Dhengo Mengo", "Ambanath", "Moreshwar Maharaja", "Rudramani Devi", "Ramnavami", "Ganesh Utsav", "Shambhushek Maharaja", "Birbalnath Maharaja", "Qalandar Baba Urs", "Ambarnath Saint", and "Balaji". GENERAL INFORMATION Temperature Maximum Minimum Range (Deg °c) Summer: 40º C 29º C Winter: 30º C 14º C Area: 10574 Light cottons in summer and Clothing: woolen clothes in winter STD Code: 01476/0724 Population: 327,946 (1991 census) Climate: Tropical

AMARAVATI Location: Maharashtra Lies In: Tapi Basin Attractions: Chikhaldara's National Park, Ambadevi Temple, Satidham Temple, Chatri Talao, Wadali Talao, Melghat Tiger Reserve Amaravati is situated right in the center of the northern border of the Maharashtra State. Amaravati meaning "abode of immortals" may be traced with the association of Lord Krishna. It lies mainly in the Tapi basin with only some of its parts on the eastern border lying in the valley of Wardha. Besides cotton, Jowar and Tur (lentil), which are the leading crops in the region; orange gardens are also important from the agriculture point of view.

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PRIME ATTRACTIONS Ambadevi Temple: This temple is situated in the heart of Amravati City. According to the legend it is believed that Shri Krishna abducted Rukmini, when she came to pray at the Amba Devi temple, and married her. The Goddess Amba attracts devotees from all parts of Vidarbha. Satidham Temple: Satidham Temple is situated in the heart of the city at Rallies Plot. There are beautiful idols of Lord Krishna-Radha, Lord Ram and Goddess Sita, Lord Ganesh, Lord Shiva and Rani Satiji placed within the temple. Every year a fair is arranged on the occasion of Janmashthami, which does large number of devotees attend. Shri Bhakti Dham Temple: Shri Bhakti Dham Temple is situated on Amravati Badnera road where beautiful idols of Lord Krishna and Radha are placed. Shri Sant Jalaram Bappa idol is also placed and behind this temple a small park for children is maintained. Chatri Talao: Chatri Talao is situated towards SouthEast of Amravati, 1-km from Dasturnagar Square on Malkhed Railway Road. It was built in the year 1888 on a small spring called "Kali Nadi". It is a small reservoir built with the intention, then, to supply drinking water to Amravati City, but now Amravati City gets water from Upper Wardha Dam. A small garden and boating facility is also available. Wadali Talao: Wadali Talao is situated towards East of Amravati, 3-km from Camp on Chandur Railway Road. It was built for a clean and fresh water supply to Amravati Camp. A small garden with a zoo is also there and usually people come here during weekends. One can also enjoy boating on the Talao. This is one of the best places for kids. Melghat Tiger Reserve: Melghat Tiger Reserve is located in Chikhaldara and Dharni tehsils of Amaravati district in Satpuda hill range. This tiger reserve of 1676.93-sq-km is one of the last remaining habitats of Indian tiger in Maharashtra. Wan Sanctuary: Wan sanctuary is located in Melghat area of Amravati District. It is an extension to the Melghat Sanctuary on the southeastern part. This area is part and parcel of Melghat and is rich in floral and faunal biodiversity. The hilly rugged terrain possesses tropical dry deciduous forests. Chikhaldara: Chikhaldara is the sole hill resort in the Vidarbha region, situated at an altitude of 1118m and has the added distinction of being the only coffee-growing area in Maharashtra. Chikhaldara is full of deep valleys, and these valleys are full of velvet mist and majestic trees. It is a very popular summer retreat. The wildlife sanctuary in this area offers tourists with abundance of wildlife, viewpoints, lakes and waterfalls. HOW TO GET THERE Air: Nagpur is the nearest airport, which is 155-km away from Amaravati. Rail: Nagpur is the terminus of the branch line of Central Railway on Mumbai-Kolkotta main line. Tourists can access Amaravati from Nagpur. Road: Regular buses connect Amaravati with the important towns and cities within the state. GENERAL INFORMATION Population: 2200057 (1991Census) Area: 12,210-sq-km Latitude: 20° 32' to 21° 46'N Longitude: 76° 38' to 78° 27'E Climate: Tropical Clothing: Cotton Clothes

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NEARBY CITIES Wardha: Nagar:

77-km 155-km

Aurangabad Location: West Central Maharashtra Originally called As: Khadke (Big rock) Founded By: Malik Ambar Best Time To Visit: October and March Aurangabad is a historical city located in the west central part of Maharashtra State, on the banks of Kham River. Aurangabad is located 630m above sea level and is also the district headquarters of Aurangabad district. The Sahyadri (Western Ghat) Mountains dominate its physiography. This is the largest city in the Northern Maharashtra region extending over an area of 158.9-sq-kms. A Travelers' Paradise: It's easy to see why many travelers regard Aurangabad as little more than a convenient place to kill time on the way to Ellora and Ajanta caves. First impressions seem to confirm its reputation as an industrial metropolis yet, given a little effort, this northern Maharashtrian City can yield compensations for its architectural shortcomings. Scattered around its ragged fringes, the dilapidated remains of fortifications, gateways, domes and minerals - including those of the most ambitious Mughal tomb garden in western India. The Bibi-Ka-Maqbara - bear witness to an illustrious imperial past; the small but fascinating crop of rock-cut Buddhist caves, huddled along the flanks of the flat-topped. Sandy yellow hills to the north are remnants of even more ancient occupation. History: The city, originally called Khadke, or "Big Rock", was founded in the early 16th century by Malik Amber, an ex-Abhyssinian slave and prime minister of the independent Muslim kingdom of the Nizam Shahis, based at Ahmadnagar, 112-km southwest. It was a perfect spot for a provincial capital: on the banks of the River Khan, in a broad valley separating the then-forested Sahyadri Range to the north form the Satharas to the south, and at a cross roads of the regions key trade routes, Many of the mosques and places erected by Malik Amber still endure, albeit in ruins. In 1629, Shah Jahan's redoubtable army swept south across the Deccan to usher in Mughal rule. As Fatehnagar, Aurangabad became the center of operations for their protracted military campaign. It really rose to prominence, however towards the end of the 17th century, when Aurangazeb decamped here from Delhi to supervise the subjugation of his troublesome enemies in the region. At his behest, the impressive city walls and hates were raised in 1682 to withstand the persistent Maratha attacks that bedeviled his later years. Following his death in 1707, the city was renamed in his honour as it changed hands once again. The new rulers, the Nizam of Hyderabad, somehow staved off the Marathas for the greater part of 250 years, until the city finally merged with Maharashtra in 1956. Culture: Aurangabad district has always been a prominent region on the Deccan plateau and has a long artistic and cultural history, to which several dynasties have made major contributions over the years. The cuisine of Auguranbad has been highly influenced by the North Indian method of cooking, as a result of the long Mughal rule in the region. It has retained much of its Islamic feel, although in the present day both Hindu and Muslim population lives in perfect harmony. Principal languages spoken over here are Marathi, Urdu, Hindi and English. A Cosmopolitan Hub: Today Aurangabad is one of India's fastest growing commercial and industrial centers manufacturing anything from pharmaceuticals to auto-rickshaws

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for a voracious Mumbai market. It's a decidedly upbeat kind of place - with plenty of interesting shops in the old city, restaurants and bars - and a peaceful one. Easy day-trips from Aurangabad include the dramatic fort of Daulatabad, a veritable warren of secret passages and strategic architecture that was briefly the 14th century capital of Mughal India. Just a little further along the Ellora road is the Muslim village of Khuldabad, where the tomb of Emperor Aurangzeb lies under a carpet of rose petals and in the neighboring courtyard, a ragged curtain in drawn back to reveal a trunk containing the sacred "Robe of the Prophet".

BULDHANA Location: Maharashtra Landscape: Rich and Varied with Gently Sloping Fertile Riverine Plains Famous Tourist Spot: Lonar Crater The Nirmur district of Madhya Pradesh, in the east by Akola district, in south by Parbhani district and in the west by Aurangabad and Jalgaon district, bound Buldhana district in the north. The district lies partly in the Tapi basin and partly in the Godavari basin. The landscape in the district is rich and varied with gently sloping fertile Riverine plains studded with agriculturally prosperous villages. PRIME ATTRACTIONS The district of Buldhana has few pilgrimage places like Balaji Temple at Deulgaon and Raja Sailana Shah Miya Dargha at Pimpalgaon, Sari village. Lakhuji Jadhav's palace is important place in Shinkhed. Other places of interest such as Sarkarwada, Rameshwar Mandir, Nilakanteshwar Mandir, and Samadhi of Jadhav's family, Renuka Temple, BAL Samudra and Lonar Lake, Palasi Siddha Math are also famous places in the district.

Lonar Crater: Lonar crater is a bowl shaped depression formed 50,000 years ago by the impact of a huge meteor that descended on earth from space and carved out a bowl roughly 7-km in circumstance and 1.8-km in diameter. The size and the age make it the largest and oldest meteoric crater in the world, ante-dating its nearest rival, the CanyonDiabolo of Arizona in the United States by a clear 230 centuries. Shegaon: Shegaon is a famous town for housing the Samadhi of Shri Gajanan Maharaja. A large number of the pilgrims from all over Maharashtra visit this Samadhi. HOW TO GET THERE Rail: The nearest airport is at Aurangabad. Road: Buldhana is well connected by road and regular buses ply from the various cities and neighboring towns of the state. FAIRS AND FESTIVALS: Mahasiddha Baba fair at Dhanora, Sharif Sailani Shah Miya Urs at Pimpalgaon Sarai and Shri Balaji fair at Deulgaon Raja are important fairs in Buldhana. GENERAL INFORMATION Population: 1886299 Area: 9661-sq-kms Latitude: 19 ° 51¢ to 21° 17¢N Longitude: 75° 57¢ to 76° 59¢E 6

Climate: Clothing:

Tropical Cotton Clothes

CHANDRAPUR Location: 150-km From Nagpur, Maharashtra Formerly known As: Chanda Historical Significance: Former Capital of Gond Dynasty Chandrapur City, formerly known as Chanda, is located in the south central region of India and lies along a tributary of the Wardha River. It is 150-km away from Nagpur City. Chandrapur is also the district headquarter of the Chandrapur district and it is the largest town in the district with ancient history. Chandrapur means "settlement of the Moon". The city is surrounded with four historical fort gates and lies particularly in the angle formed by the junction of the Erai and Jharpat rivers and is surrounded by a battlement of over 7 miles in length, which constitutes the most striking example of Gond methods of fortifications that has come down to the present age. A Fascinating Feature The most attractive feature of the city is the wall that arms the town. A heavy looking crenellated parapet surmounts the walls; they are 10-ft thickness and within run a broad rampart broken down in places. In addition to the walls there are number of temples that attract the tourists. Viewed from within the city presents a pleasing appearance giving general impression of the space and verdure. The town occupies a site that is underlain by coal bearing rock formation and a number of collieries dot the surface with the waste mounds along the rim of the town. A History Filled With Legends the ancient history of the district earlier known as Chanda and now Chandrapur is shrouded in mystery. Tradition and legends tell that the name of this place was "Lokapura", which was first changed to "Indupur" and subsequently to Chandrapur. Chandrapur was the capital of the Gond dynasty from 12th to the 18th century. The Maratha Bhosle of Nagpur later conquered it and it was a part of the British Central Provinces from 1854 until Indian independence in 1947. During the period of the British Raj, Chandrapur came to be called as "Chanda", which was again changed to original name Chadrapur in 1964. Tadpba National Park: Tadoba National Park is a compact 120-sq-kms park, perched at an altitude of 200m and is placed 100-kms south of Nagpur and 45-kms north of the district headquarter and industrial town of Chandrapur. A haven for wildlife enthusiasts, Tadoba is also referred to as 'The Jewel of Vidarbha". The oldest National Park in the state of Maharashtra, it is also a Project Tiger reserve, since 1993. Bhamragarh Wildlife Sanctuary: This sanctuary is located in Chandrapur district in the Vidharba region of Maharashtra covering an area of 104.38-sq-km. Majority of the area is under thick forest that is wood land, with small patches of grass lands distributed over the entire protected area. Ramala Talav Garden is newly developed place for all ages, especially for kids. Sri Mahakali Temple, Jain Temple at Bhadrawati, and Somnath are famous worship places of this city. Mul: Mul is the largest village in Chandrapur Tehsil, which is picturesquely situated near Mul hills and on the banks of a river, called Huma, which flows in a shallow bed, a mile or two to the east of the village site. Ballarpur: Ballarpur is a rapidly developing municipal town situated on the ChandrapurChennai railway route. It was a royal city in ancient times and signs of its splendor glory are still seen scattered in its environs. Today it is known for its collieries having nearly 2000 million tones of coal deposits and large quantities of fine teak and other varieties of timber that are brought from the surrounding forest and sold at Ballarpur.

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Bhadrawati Or Bhandak: Bhadrawati or Bhandak is a flourishing ancient village in Waroda Tehsil, which is today better known to the general public as a place of Jain religious importance for majestic temple of Parsvanatha than for its historical importance or archaeological remains. The architectural remains in and around the village are of remote antiquity and great interest. HOW TO GET THERE Air: Nearest airport is at Nagpur, 150-kms away. Rail: Chandrapur is approachable by train on Delhi-Chennai route via Nagpur, which takes about two and half-hours to reach. Road: Located on major rail and road routes Chandrapur is well connected with all the places in the state. There are also regular private and government buses from Nagpur to Chandrapur. GENERAL INFORMATION Population (1991): City 226,105 Area: 1560 sq. km Climate: Tropical Clothing: Cotton Clothes STD code: 07172 NEARBY CITIES Nagpur: 150-km

JALGAON Location: Northwest of Maharashtra Main Attractions: Patnadevi, Omkareshwar Mandir, and Ecchapurti Ganesh Temple Significance: A Major Center for Trade and Agriculture Best Time To Visit: October to February Jalgaon located in the northwest region of Maharashtra State is an agrarian city, which lies north of Nashik, bounded in the north by Satpuda range, in South by Ajanta range, in the west by Dhulia district and in the East by Buldhana district The city is an active point for trade and agriculture produce. An important feature of the district is that during summer season it becomes very hot and temperature rises to 47° Celsius. The World famous Ajanta Caves is situated very near from Jalgaon station i.e. 50-km by road. Famous Poets of Jalgaon Sant Muktabai Sant Muktabai was one of the renowned personalities from the Yadav time. All her requests to Lord Dyneshawar are famous from the book "Tatiche Abhang". Sant Mukatabai has guided Lord Changdeo, which has changed his whole life to "Bhaktimarg". Child Poet Thombre: In 1907 a Kavi Samleman was organized at Jalgaon where a poet called Thombre was apprised as Child poet. All his poetry is published under name " Balkavinchya Kavita ". Sane Guruji: Pandurang Sadashiv or Sane Guruji has developed his poetry in Amalner Taluka. He has written the patriotic poets, which are famous all over India. He was the second great poet from whole Maharashtra after Tukaram Maharaj. Bahinai Chaudhari: The great poetess Bahinai Chaudhari's was born in 1880 in Jalgaon district. Her writings had a deep impact in Marathi. PRIME ATTRACTIONS Patnadevi: Patnadevi is an ancient and religious place and it gained prominence, as it is the birthplace of the great Scientist Bhaskaracharya. Omkareshwar Mandir: Omkareshwar Mandir is one of the most famous and beautiful temples in Jalgaon City, dedicated to Lord Shiva, situated at Jai Nagar. Shivratri, Shravni Somvar, Ramnavmi, Gokulashtami are the biggest festivals celebrated in this temple. Ecchapurti Ganesh Temple: This temple is situated at Navi Peth, near Balaji Sweet Mart in Jalgaon. On every Ganesh Chaturthi many devotees visit this temple.

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Mahatma Gandhi Garden: Mahatma Gandhi Garden is a beautiful garden located near New Bus stand, having many different flowers, very big area and game instruments. Mehrun (Park): Mehrun is one of the oldest parks located in the center of the city on Shirsholi road. It is a cool and nice place with number of trees, which attracts many people. Late Shri Prithvirajji Kapoor (renowned film artist) inaugurated the park. There are many types of entertainment material available in the park. Generally the people come to visit the parks on holidays or on Sundays mostly. Nowadays the trend of watching television had extended to a great extent and so the craze of people towards parks is reducing day by day. J.K Park: J.K. Parks that was developed recently is situated near Mehrun garden. Children love to come to this park as they get what they want. Rabbits, Parrots, some types of sparrows are among the main attractions of the park. Another attraction of the place is a water pond, which is called as "Mehrun Talaav". The water of the pond is too cool and the sunset view from there is very attractive. The pond is full of water for nearly all the months of the year. Bahinabai Park: Bahinabai Udyan is another park located in the center of the city. It is named after Bahinabai Chaudhari, a well-known poetess of Maharashtra. There are many types of trees over here and people love to sit under the cool breeze of them in the garden. Padmalaya: Padmalaya also known, as "Prabhakshetra" is a religious placing located in Erandol Taluka about 4.8-km from Erandol? It is famous for housing the temples of Lord Ganapati and Hanuman. Pal: Pal is a place located in Yawal Taluka is very famous for the cool temperature and the nice natural site with dense forest aside. Parola Fort: Parola fort was built in 1727 and the size of the fort is 160 to 130-sqmeters. It is believed that the fort belongs to the father of the Great Rani of Jhansi. Swinging Towers Of Farkande: Swinging Towers located 16-km from Erandol on the bank of Utawadi River is a real great example of old day's construction technique. Both the towers are 15m long and when one of them is waved the other towers also starts waving automatically. It is believed that the construction is 250 years old. HOW TO GET THERE Rail: Jalgaon railway station is only 25-km away from Bhusawal. It is a junction on Mumbai and Surat line. Bhusawal is the divisional headquarter of the Central Railway and is junction of Mumbai-Delhi and Mumbai-Hawara line. Road: The bus station in Jalgaon is a long way from the rail way station. State transport plies buses to Jalgaon from almost all the important cities of the state. GENERAL INFORMATION Temperature Range (Deg Maximum Minimum °c) Summer: 45° C 29º C Winter: 26° C 6º C Clothing: Cotton STD Code: 03566/0257 368579 (1991 Population: Census) Climate: Tropical NEARBY CITIES Ajanta: 50-km Bhuswal: 25-km Burhanpur (Madhya Pradesh): 79-km

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Aurangabad:

153-kms

JALNA Location: Maharashtra Formerly part Have: Aurangabad and Parbhani Districts Nearby Tourist Attractions: Ajanta and Ellora, Aurangabad Caves Jalna is bounded in north by the districts of Jalgaon and Buldhana, in east by the district of Parbhani, in south by the district of Bid, and in west by the district of Aurangabad. The administrative headquarter of this district is located at Jalna town. Jalna was a part of two erstwhile districts namely Aurangabad and Parbhani. It comprises of five Tehshils - Jalna, Bhokardan, Jafferabad, Partur and Ambad. The northern part of the district lying between the Satmala hills and the central hill range known as Jalna Hills is an unpaid plateau and is drained by the Purna River and its tributaries. The southern part is low land flat area. The Ajanta range, which enters the district at its northwestern corner, acts as a watershed between the Tapi valley on the north and Godavari valley on the south. The Jalna hill range acts as a watershed between the two fertile valleys of the Girja in the north and the Dudna in the south. The famous Ajanta and Ellora Caves situated at a distance of 100-kms and 30-kms from Aurangabad respectively are equally important tourist centers for this district as well. Other places of tourist interest are Aurangabad Caves, Bibi Ka Maqbara, Pan Chakki (water mill) and Daulatabad (the capital of Muhammad Tughluq). Ajanta and Ellora: The state of Maharashtra is home to the charming Ajanta and Ellora group of caves. The city of Aurangabad shot to fame as the world's most famous caves; Ajanta and Ellora are situated about 108-kms northeast of Aurangabad. These caves lie deep within the Sahyadri hills, cut into the curved mountainside, above the Waghora River. They constitute one of the most beautiful expressions of the art of the Indian Middle Ages, and are designated as an UNESCO World Heritage Site. Aurangabad caves: Aurangabad caves are located outside the city of Aurangabad just few kilometers away from another famous monument Bibi Ka Maqbara. These were excavated between the 2nd and 6th century AD. They are carved out of the hillside and are a fine piece of architecture, housing the most stunningly intricate carvings. Pan Chakki: Dargah of Baba Shah Muzaffar is located on the left bank of the River Kham, near Begampura Bridge, with a mosque, a modest tomb and ornamental gardens. It has an unusual waterfall known as the Pan Chakki, built by Malik Ambar in 1695. The water, channeled from a spring on a distant hill was used to power the flourmill and grind grain for the pilgrims. Bibi Ka Maqbara: Bibi Ka Maqbara situated 5-km from the Aurangabad city was built in 1678 by Aurangazeb's son Prince Azam Shah, in memory of his mother Begum Rabia Durani. It is considered as a fine piece of Mughal architecture in the Deccan region and is also known as The Taj of south India. HOW TO GET THERE Air: Aurangabad is the nearest airport from Jalana. Rail: Jalna is connected with Manmad railway junction via Aurangabad and also with Hyderabad on the mortgage line of Central railway. Road: Regular bus service is available from Jalna to all the important neighbouring towns including Mumbai, Nashik, Manmad, Hyderabad, and Shirdi etc. FAIRS & FESTIVALS the people of the district celebrate Most of the Hindu festivals such as Ganapati Puja, Shivaratri, Holi, Dusshera, and Diwali. The Muslims population too observes their own festivals like Id-ul-Zuha, Id-ul-Fitar etc. "Panchamukhi Mahadeo" and Durga Mata fair at Jalan are important fair originated in different parts of the district. GENERAL INFORMATION 10

Population: 1,364000 (District, 1991 census) Climate: Tropical Clothing: Cotton Clothes STD code: 02482 NEARBY CITIES Ellora: 30-km (via Aurangabad) Ajanta: 100-km (via Aurangabad)

KOLHAPUR Location: Southwestern Part Of Maharashtra Famous As: The Varanasi Of The South Main Attractions: Mahalaxmi Temple, The New Palace (Chhatrapati Sahu Museum), And The Town Hall Museum Best Time To Visit: November To March Kolhapur is situated along the banks of the river Panchaganga to the east of Sahyadri mountain ranges, and forms a part of the southwestern Maharashtra. This city is surrounded from all directions by rivers, to the east Krishna Ganiki, to the west Shiva and Mayuri, the south Veda and Yaksha and to the north Krishna and Warana. Kolhapur is also known as "The Varanasi of the South". It was the capital of the former Princely State - the Kolhapur branch of the 'Chhatrapatis' - and seat of the British residency for the Deccan States. Its antiquity is revealed by the Brahmapuri knoll overlooking the Panchganga River and by the ancient artifacts and Roman coins discovered there. It was an early center of Buddhism. Impact of Hinduism: However, the Hindu influence is strongly visible in its 9th century Mahalakshmi temple. Other important places known for their specialization in the district is: Ichalkaranji for hand and power looms, Hupari for silver ornaments, and Kapshi for leather goods. Narsinh Wadi, Wadi Ratnagiri, and Bahubali town are places of religious importance. In 1945, archaeological excavations near a hill in Kolhapur revealed the ruins of an ancient town dating back to the Roman civilization. People and Culture: The major religion - Hinduism is represented in Kolhapur, and this plays a vital part in the daily lives of the population. The Hindu temples provide a focus for social as well as a devotional life. Hinduism is a product of several millennia of evolution and assimilation; Hinduism is the major religion in Kolhapur. Marathi is the mother tongue of Kolhapuri people. As Kolhapur is on the border of Karnataka State, many people speak "Kannada" language also. Today, Kolhapur is slowly becoming a cosmopolitan city and as a result, different languages like Gujarati, Kannada, Punjabi, Konkani, etc. are spoken in small pockets. History: This history of Kolhapur can be roughly divided into three periods: Hindu period upto 1300 AD, Muslim period from 1300 AD to 1700 AD and Maratha period from 1700 AD onwards. The early Hindu period can be further divided into rules by various dynasties, viz. Mauryas, Kadambs, Chalukyas, Satwahans, Rashtrakuts, Devgiri Yadavs & Shilahars. The city is believed to have flourished in art and trade during the regime of Satwahan dynasty. Unfortunately, the city was devastated due to earthquakes later in 8th century AD. The Rashtrakuts and Shilahars, who re-established the city, did much of the subsequent restoration. Archaeological excavations conducted in and around Kolhapur in the year 1945 (especially the Bramhapuri area), revealed the ruins of a prosperous ancient township. Coins, Earthen Utensils, remains of houses built during the regimes of Satwahans, Shilahars and Bahamanis were found. Interestingly, a statue of Roman Poseidon was also found in this excavation, thus bringing into light the advanced Trade relations of this town with the European Romans.

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Focussing on relatively recent history, during the British regime, Shri Chhatrapati Shahu Maharaj was crowned the King of Kolhapur in the year 1894. Historically, Kolhapur was capital of the former Princely State of Kolhapur, which later on merged with India, after gaining independence in 1947 from the British rule. The Princely State, earlier was a stronghold of the Hindu people known as Marathas. Even today, Kolhapur has abundant examples of stunning Indo-British architectural masterpieces and its Gardens attract many tourists. PRIME ATTRACTIONS Mahalaxmi Temple: Mahalaxmi Temple located near Kolhapur is a famous spiritual center of Maharashtra. Over the years, members of several royal families have sought the blessings of the goddess-Mahalaxmi or Amba Bai. This temple draws a large number of devotees from all over the country. The New Palace (Chhatrapati Sahu Museum): The New Palace in Kolhapur houses the Shahaji Chhatrapati Museum- a weird array of the former Maharaja's possessions, who recently died in 1983. British architect Charles Mant designed the New Palace in 1881 in the Indo-Sarcenic style. The Town Hall Museum: Antiques found during the excavations at Brahmagiri, such as old sculptures, filigree work in sandalwood and ivory, old coins and paintings of master artists of the region are all displayed here. The Old Palace/ Bhavani Mandap: The Old Palace is located behind the temple of Mahalaxmi; this magnificent structure has an impressive marquee with filigree work in stone. It also houses a temple of the goddess Bhawani. In 1813 the Muslim King Sadat Khan invaded the palace and a part of it was burnt. It has fine and sound construction with 14 squares but after the repairs only 7 squares survived. Binkhambi Ganesh Mandir: Binkhambi Ganesh Mandir is another famous temple dedicated to Lord Ganesh. Students of architecture will enjoy visiting this place, as this is a unique temple, which does not have any pillars. Rankala Lake: Rankala Lake is located at distance of half a kilometer from the famous Mahalakshmi temple in Kolhapur with a circumference of 2.5 miles. This was an extensive mine of black stone that has witnessed many historical events. The earthquakes during 800-900 AD transformed the mine into big holes where the underground water are collected. Shalini Palace: Shalini palace standing on the West Bank of the picturesque Rankala Lake was built in 1932-34. It is named after Princess Shrimant Shalini Raje of Kolhapur. Towering Palm trees, lush greenery and lovely gardens surround it. The Palace is built of intricately carved black stone and Italian marble. Rich decorative wooden doorways fitted with etched Belgium glasses bearing the crest of the Maharaja of Kolhapur add to the regal grandeur. The majestic black stone arches forming the verandah and the porch are breathtakingly beautiful. Later on in 1987 it was converted into a hotel, the only Palace hotel in Maharashtra. Tryambuli Devi: The temple of Tryambuli Devi is located on a lofty hill to the east of Karveer. There was a tank named 'Tarka Teertha' (also spelt as Tirtha) near the temple, which is available to some extent even now and is called "Takala". It is believed that the idol is self-created. The idol has four hands and is made of black stone. The idol poses with back turned to Mahalakshmi (also spelt as Mahalaxmi) Mandir. She is also called "Trayamali". In every Ashadha the religious ceremony of pouring water on the steps of the Mandir is celebrated on a grand scale. Shankaracharya Math: Shringeri is one of the 4 'Mathas' founded by Jagatguru Shankaracharya. Shri Vidya Shankar Bharati, the ruling Shankarcharya founded this 'Math' at Kolhapur in 13th Century AD. The rnain reason was the religious importance Kolhapur had assumed then.

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Panhala Fort: Panhala fort is located 18-km northwest to Kolhapur. Although it has legendary connection with God Parashurama, King Raja Bhoja probably founded this fort in the late 12th century. Carrying a rich heritage, Panhala forms the largest of all the Deccan forts, built between the 1178-1209 A.D, this is the only fort where the great ruler himself, Chatrapati Shivaji Maharaj is believed to have spent more than 500 days. Vishalgad: Vishalgad is a picturesque fort located 76-km northwest of Kolhapur, which is separated by a deep narrow river. Its vastness is big as per its name Vishal. Steep cliffs separate it from adjoining land, making difficult to enter except existing entrance. One can find only ruins of old buildings. Today, people as a place of Malik Raihan Dargah know the fort. Bhudargad: Bhudargad fort is situated about 50-km south of Kolhapur, on a huge vertical rock amidst mountain ranges. It is said to resemble from a distance, the crescent moon in the matted hair of the god Shiva. Paargad: Paargad fort lies to the south of Kolhapur, 28-km from Chandgad, which is surrounded by lush greenery and a picturesque forest, it also houses bronze statues of Shivaji and a temple of Bhagawati Bhawani. Narasimha Wadi: Narsobawadi is a small village located close to Kolhapur, which attracts tourists in quite a large number. It is popularly know as "Narsobachi Wadi". Narasimha Wadi has a great archaeological significance and is situated at the confluence of river Krishna and Panchganga. Bahubali of Kumbhojgiri: Bahubali hill temples are located 27-km south of Kolhapur on Bahubali Hills, which are popularly known as "Kumbhojgiri". It is a popular site revered by both Hindus and Jains. A Celibacy Resort was established over here in 1935 and named after the sage Bahubali who mediated here about 300 years before. Khidrapur: The artistic temple of Kopeshwar or Mahadev at Khidrapur is a treasure house of beautifully carved sculptures and a rare architectural marvel. The entire temple rests on a Gajapeeth, which is a semi-circular platform resting on the back of 92 carved elephants. Dajipur Bison Sanctuary: The Dajipur Bison Sanctuary is situated on the border of Kolhapur and Sindhudurg districts near the backwaters of the Radhanagari dam. Rugged mountains and thick forests abundant in wildlife surround this jungle resort. The sanctuary is completely cut-off from human habitat. Amba: Amba is situated about 65-km from Kolhapur, on the tip of the Western Ghats and is a wonderful new holiday spot. With plenty of stunning scenery and forested area around, Amba is as yet, not cluttered with tourists. There is a beautiful two-hour long trek that starts from the forest leading up to the hill, to reveal a stunning view of the Konkan and Deccan plateaus. Amboli: Snuggling coyly, in the southern ranges of the Sahyadri hills, Amboli at an altitude of 690m is the last mountain resort before the coastal highlands settle, with a sigh, to form flat beaches. Visit numerous viewpoints for a pleasant view of the lush hills and fertile plain. Sea viewpoint offers a rare view of the land all the way to the golden Konkan coast. One can spend hours angling for a fish at Hiranya Keshi or picnic at Nagatta Falls, Mahadev Gad and Narayan Gad. Another pleasant and different expedition is a visit to the Bauxite Mines, 10-km away from Amboli. For a few days of isolation, Amboli is an ideal resort. Jotiba: Jotiba is a temple where one of the 12 Jyotirlingas is housed. This is also other temple called Kedarnath and Wadi Ratnagiri over here. Jyotiba temple is located to the north of Kolhapur, surrounded by green mountains. Navajisaya built the original temple in 1730. It is 330' high from sea level. The interior is ancient and the idol is four handed. According to the legend Jotiba who belonged to the Nath cult helped Mahalaxmi in her fight with the demons. He founded his kingdom on this mountain. He was born in the

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hands of Vimalmbuja, the wife of the sage Pougand, on Chaitra Shu. On Chaitra Poornima a big fair is held, when lakhs of devotees come with tall ('Sasan') sticks. Due to scattering of 'Gulal' the whole mountain is turned pink. HOW TO GET THERE Air: It is a one-hour journey from Mumbai to Kolhapur by air. The Ujalaiwadi airport is 10-km away from Kolhapur Main City. One can also travel from Kolhapur to the nearest Airport Pune, which is 238-Km away. Rail: Kolhapur has a railway station and it's an 11-hour journey from Mumbai or Bangalore to Kolhapur. Road: Kolhapur is about 450-km south of Mumbai and it's a ten to eleven hour journey from Mumbai or Banglore to Kolhapur by road. Maharashtra State Transport Corporation (MSTC) has regular service in this route with semi luxury and regular buses. Even private bus service is available to reach here from Mumbai, Pune, Goa, Solapur (also spelt as Sholapur) and Bangalore. Local Transport: Auto-rickshaws are the most common mode of transport along with the bus service run by the municipal corporation. Taxis are available too, but not that common. SHOPPING: Kolhapur is well known for its textiles and cottons, in particular Kolhapuri sarees (also spelt as saris). But it is of course most famous for its jewelry and leather sandals or Kolhapuri Chappals. One could easily get five pairs of sandals for less than Rs. 500. The jewelry from Kolhapur is known to dazzle the beholder and is beautifully crafted with delicate embossing and workmanship. Mahadwar and Shivaji Roads are good places to shop. One can find a good variety of Kolhapuri Chappals and other leather goods on Bhausinji Road. There are a few good buys around the bus station in the Rajarampuri area. Shetkaari Bazaar is the cheapest place to shop and is popular amongst the villagers from surrounding areas. Kolhapuri Chappals (footwear): The age old Leather and Footwear Industry in Kolhapur is a unique identity of Kolhapur in India. Apart from exporting Leather raw material in a big way, the traditional Chappals made here have a unique ethnic look and have been equally popular in India and abroad. These Chappals are still mainly prepared by hand, which helps them retain their unique appearance. Places like Kapashi, Kurundwad and Airoli in Kolahpur district have roughly 500-700 Small and Large scale Industries where these Chappals are prepared. Silver Jewelry Art: Another town, Hupri, which is situated just 16-km away from Kolhapur, is a place where people are skilled in the art of making Jewelry and Show items out of Silver. This traditional business has expanded throughout the Maharashtra State and notably through entire India, Nepal, Belgium, Romania and America. GENERAL INFORMATION Temperature Maximum Minimum Range (Deg °c) Summer: 34° C 24° C Winter: 27° C 21° C Rainfall: 1,932 mm Light woolen required during Clothing: November to February STD Code: 0231 Population: 406,370 (1991) Climate: Tropical NEARBY CITIES Hupri: 16-km

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Ujaliawadi: Miraj:

10-km 48-km

Mumbai Location: Southwestern India, Maharashtra Formerly known As: Bombay Famous As: Financial and Commercial Capital of India Best Time To Visit: October to March A MULTI FACED CITY: Its young, its lively and a confluence of varied cultural currents and cross currents have given Mumbai a unique position of the most multi-ethnic city of India. The capital city of Maharashtra State, formerly known as Bombay lies in the southwestern part of India and occupies a peninsular site originally composed of seven islets lying off the Konkan coast of western India. Oozing with the cocksure selfconfidence of a maverick moneymaker and "Bindass" (carefree) attitude, Mumbai is also country's financial and commercial hub and has a principal port on the Arabian Sea. Yet, there's another face of Mumbai too that is of the most densely populated cities in the world. Mumbai is located on a site of ancient settlement and took its name from the local Goddess "Mumba" - a form of Parvati, the consort of Shiva, one of the principal Gods of Hinduism - whose temple once stood in what is now the southeastern section of the city. Amchi Mumbai (Our Mumbai): Whether one is being swept along broad boulevards by endless streams of commuters, or jostled by coolies and handcart pullers in the teeming bazaars, Mumbai always feels like it is about to burst at the seams. Symbols of prosperity can be witnessed anywhere in the city: from the phalanx of the office blocks clustered on the Nariman Point, Maharashtra's Manhattan, to the yuppie couples nipping around the town in their shiny new cars. A traditional center of India, Mumbai offers an enticing range of hand-woven and handprint silks and cottons as well as trendiest new materials made from polyester fibbers. The Imposing tower of Mumbai's Stock Exchange building at Dalal Street is a well-known city landmark and plays a vital role in the city's business scene. Nariman Point is a specimen of the wonders modern building science can perform. Visitors usually impressed by its sleek skyscrapers, which resemble Manhattan's skyline have called this place "a piece of Manhattan transported to Mumbai". On The Waterfront: The natural beauty of Mumbai is unsurpassed by that of any city in the region. The entrance into the harbor from the sea discloses a magnificent panorama framed by the Western Ghats (mountains) on the mainland. The wide harbor, studded with islands and dotted with the white sails of innumerable small craft, affords secure shelter to ships, particularly when storms lash the coast. The largest of the harbor's islands is Elephanta, which is famous for its 6th century caves temples. Send Exotic Indian Handicrafts to your Family & Friends The Architecture Blends: Mumbai's architecture is a mixture of florid Gothic styles, characteristic of the 18th and 19th centuries, and contemporary designs. The older administrative and commercial buildings intermingle with skyscrapers and multi-storey concrete-block buildings. Within the eye of a roaring storm of traffic, lie other vestiges of the British Raj, the 'maidens'. The central Bazaar districts afford glimpses of the sprawling Muslim neighborhoods, as well as exotic shopping possibilities. People and Cultural Life: Mumbai's cultural life reflects its ethnically diverse population. The city is truly multicultural, and representatives of almost every religion and region of the world can be found in Mumbai. Almost half of the population is Hindu; but the city also encompasses important communities of Muslims, Christians, Buddhists, Jains, Sikhs, Zoroastrians, and Jews. The Jews form one the oldest group of occupants of Mumbai. Almost every Indian language and many foreign languages are spoken over

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here. Marathi, the State language, is the dominant Indian language in Mumbai, followed by Gujarati and Hindi. The city has a number of museums, libraries, literary and other cultural institutions, art galleries, and theatres and perhaps no other city in India can boast of such a high degree of variety and quality in its cultural and entertainment facilities. Mumbai is the stronghold of the Indian film industry. Throughout the year Western and Indian music concerts and festivals and Indian dance shows are performed. The Prince of Wales Museum of Western India, housed in a building of Indo-Saracenic architecture, contains three main sections of art, archaeology, and natural history. Situated nearby are the Jehangir Art Gallery, Mumbai's first permanent art gallery, and center of cultural and educational activities.

NAGPUR Location: Northeastern Part of Maharashtra Founded By: Bakht Buland in 18th Century Previous Capital of: Madhya Pradesh State Best Time To Visit: October to February Nagpur is located in northeastern part of Maharashtra State, southwestern India and is almost at the geographical center of India. The zero milestone of India is in this city. Bakht Buland, a Gond Raja (king), founded Nagpur in the early eighteenth century; it became the capital of the Bhonsles of the Maratha confederacy. In 1817 it came under British influence, in 1853 it lapsed into British control, and in 1861 became the capital of the Central Provinces. Nagpur was the capital of Madhya Pradesh State till 1956 before it became a part of Maharashtra State. The city has a landscape of low, flat-topped hills, flat tablelands, and deep, black fertile soils in stream and river valleys. The town is dominated by the British fort built in 1818 on the twin hills of Sitabuldi in the center of the city. This fort is a British creation and a prominent landmark of the city. Cultural Life By culture Nagpur is a cosmopolitan city. This is a bilingual city where the national language Hindi is as popular as state language Marathi. Nagpur district has an urban population of about 68% and has people of different castes and religion. Celebrations on some community festivals like Marbat, Ram Navami procession, Durga Devi Exhibition, and Ganesh Puja are noteworthy. History A Gond prince called Bhakt Buland started to build Nagpur as his new capital, looking at the advantages of civilized life in Delhi. His successor Chand Sultan continued the work. On Chand Sultan's death in 1739, disputes regarding succession arose and Raghuji Bhonsle, the Maratha governor of Berar, helped to restore the elder son to the throne. As the dissentions continued, Raghuji Bhonsle again intervened in 1743, and the control of Nagpur slowly passed on from the Gonds to the Marathas. It became the capital of the Bhonsles. With the Bhonsle dynasty, came the vast class of cultivators in Vidarbha. Raghuji's successors lost some territories to the Peshwas of Pune and the Nizam of Hyderabad. In 1811 Pindaris attacked Nagpur. Bhonsles again lost to the British in 1817 and Nagpur came under British influence. In 1853 Raghuji III died without an heir to his kingdom, and the city lapsed into British control. In 1861, Nagpur became the capital of the Central Provinces. The advent of the Great Indian Peninsula Railway (GIP) in 1867 spurred its development as a trade center. After Indian independence, Nagpur became the capital of Madhya Bharat State (C.P. and Berar). In 1960, the Marathi majority Vidarbha region was merged with the new state of Maharashtra and Nagpur was designated the second capital of Maharashtra state, alternating with Mumbai (Bombay) as the seat of the Maharashtra state legislature.

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PRIME ATTRACTIONS Ambazari Lake: Lying 6-km west of Nagpur, the Ambazari Lake is the largest and the most beautiful lake in the city. It is one of the most beautiful and well-managed places in the city. The Ambazari garden is a beautiful garden located just beside the lake and the Nagpur Municipal Corporation has developed it as a model garden. It was established in 1958 on an area of 20 acres of land. There are also many items over here to entertain children too. Sitabuldi Fort: The most important landmark of Nagpur is the historic Sitabuldi Fort, located atop a hill right in the center of the city. Built in 1857 by a British officer, this is one of the oldest attractions of the city. While passing in front of the Nagpur Railway Station via Kasturchand Park, one can notice this fort, standing on the twin hills of Sitabuldi. The fort now houses the office of the Territorial Army, and is open to the public on National holidays. Tekdi Gabapathi Temple: Shri Ganesh Tekdi Temple is one of the ancient and most popular temples of Nagpur, located near railway station. The temple is called Tekdi Ganapati as it constructed on a hill and in Marathi Language a hill is called as a "Tekdi". It is believed to be approximately 250 years old. It was a ordinary tin shade with a small platform when first built, but it started improving after 1970s, after the Military defense took its possession and in 1965 Late honorable defense Minister Shri Yashwantrao Chavan arranged the possession of the temple and adjoining land to temple trust. The construction of Ganesh temple was started in 1978 and completed in 1984. Raman Science Center: Raman Science Center is situated opposite to Gandhi Sagar (which is also known as Shukrawari Talao). Although not many people are aware of this center, it is a good place, especially for school children. It has various good working models that demonstrate physical phenomena in an interesting manner. Museum: This museum has been opened to public after quite a long gap. It houses historical artifacts, which are worth a look. Seminary Hills: Seminary hills are named after the Seminary of St. Charles, located in a picturesque part of the city, which is quiet and relatively traffic free. There is a Deer Park, which is popular among the kids. Other places which are worth visiting are the Japanese Garden and the shrine of Our Lady of Lourdes, also known as the Grotto. Maharajbagh: Maharajbagh is one of the oldest attractions of Nagpur. Even though there are relatively few animals here but still this place is considered well for a day's outing, as it is green and pleasant. Tadoba National Park: Tadoba National Park is a compact 120-sq-km park, perched at an altitude of 200m which is placed 100-km south of Nagpur and 45-km north of the district headquarter and industrial town of Chandrapur. A haven for wildlife enthusiasts, Tadoba is also referred to as "The Jewel of Vidarbha". Tadoba is oldest National Park in the state of Maharashtra; it is also a Project Tiger reserve, since 1993. The area around Tadoba was once highly populated by the Gond tribals. It derives its name from their local deity 'Taru', who, according to a legend, was killed in an epic fight with a tiger. He is still worshipped by the local villagers as the deity of 'Tadoba'. Shri Vyankatesh Temple: Shri Vyankatesh Temple is located on Dharaskar Road in Itwari, Nagpur. Respected Chief venerable Swamiji Shri Dharacharyaji brought forward the idea to create Shri Vyankatesh Temple over here. The construction of the temple was started in 1963 and completed in 1968. The statue of the God Vyankatesh is unimaginably beautiful, made of black stone and is decorated with beautiful gold ornaments. Below this main idol there are three festival statues, which are purely made

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of gold by the skilled artist from Chennai. The main idol of God Vyankatesh had been brought from South India. Totladoh: Totladoh is about 75-km from Nagpur and is an ideal spot for a day's picnic. The main attraction over here is a dam. If one wishes to stay here then one can reserve rooms at the resort from Nagpur MTDC. Ambakhori: Ambakhori is another tourist spot 80-km from Nagpur, which is at its best in winter. One has to carry food, as there is no restaurant situated over here. Water falls and forests are the main attractions of this scenic spot. Pench: The Pench National Park on the border of Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra has been known through the ages for its rich flora and fauna. Named after the river that flows nearby, Pench was declared a Wildlife Sanctuary in 1983. Located around 70-km from Nagpur, this park is the 25th Tiger Reserve in the country and takes pride in its tigers and other wildlife. The total area under the Pench Tiger Reserve comes to about 758-km, out of which a core area of 299-sq-km is the National Park and 464-km the buffer area. Waki Woods: Waki woods located just 30-km away from Nagpur on Saoner Road near Waki Dargha is considered as an ideal place for trekking lovers. There is a resort, which offers bird watching and wide range of activities like boating, archery, riding. Facilities provided by this resort include furnished-tented accommodation, electricity, water, and telephone. Sewagram: It is an important village in Wardha district, 88-km from Nagpur. Its original name was Shegaon but when Gandhi made it headquarter for his social service work its name was changed to Sewagram. There is also Gandhi Ashram and Gyan Mandir located over here. Ramtek: Ramtek is one of the important pilgrim centers of Maharashtra located about 57-km from Nagpur. It is believed that Lord Rama along with his consort Sita graced this place and hence it was named Ramtek. There is a temple dedicated to Lord Rama, Sita and Laxman on the top of the hill. This land has been mentioned as Ramgiri, in "Meghdootam", which is one of the fascinating works of Sanskrit poet Kalidas. Paunar: Paunar is situated 3-km away from Sevagram, where there is an ashram of Acharya Vinoba Bhave, who played an active role in the "Bhoo-Daan Movement". He walked the length and breadth of India persuading the rich landlords to donate their land to the poor land-less laborers. Navegaon National Park: The Navegaon National Park located in Navegoan. The Park is spread over an area of 135-sq-km. A picturesque lake with crystal clear water, stretching over an area of 11 sq. kms is set in the midst of hill ranges and can be approached through a series of winding trails. Strategically located, watchtowers enable the visitor to Navegaon to catch a glimpse of the region's varied wildlife. It consists of a Deer Park, an aviary and three beautifully landscaped gardens. HOW TO GET THERE Nagpur is a growing agglomeration situated at the junction of rail, road, and air routes from Mumbai, Delhi, Calcutta, and Chennai, and it is also the second capital of Maharashtra State. Air: The Sonegaon Airport is 8-km south of Nagpur City. It has regular flights connecting Mumbai, Kolkatta, Delhi, Hyderabad, Pune, Bhubaneswar, and Raipur. Rail: Electrified broad gauge railway track connects Nagpur to all four major metros. Destinations connected included Mumbai, Delhi Calcutta, Chennai, Kolhapur, Pune, Ahmedabad, Hyderabad, Jammu, Amritsar, Lucknow, Varanasi, Bhubaneshwar, Trivendrum, Cochin, Gorakhpur, Visakhapatnam, Bangalore, Mangalore, Patna, and Indore. Road: It is very easy to access Nagpur by road as all major highways NH-7 (Varanasi -

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Kanyakumari) and NH-6 (Mumbai - Sambalpur - Calcutta) passes through the city. Shopping Centers: Sitabuldi, WHC Road, Dharampeth Road, Residency Road (Sadar) are famous for Shopping. Poonam Chambers in Chhindwara Road is a Shopping mall for branded clothes and Non Branded Clothes, Shoes, Super Bazaar, Gifts and Cards, Jewellry Shops, Furniture, Snacks and Fast Food, and Music. GENERAL INFORMATION Temperature Range Maximum Minimum (Deg °c) Summer: 48° C 33º C Winter: 27° C 6° C to 7° C Latitude: 210.07 Longitude: 790.07 Clothing: Light cotton STD Code: 0712/ 06758 1,624,752 (1991 Population: Celsius) Climate: Tropical Rainfall: 1205 mm (average) NEARBY CITIES Totladoh: 75-km Ambakhori: 80-km Sewagram: 88-km Paunar: 91-km Ramtek: 57-km Wardha: 74-km Amaravati: 155-km

NANDED Location: 650-kms From Mumbai, On East-Central Part Of Maharashtra Also Spelt As: Nander Previously Known As: Nandigram Main Attractions: Takhat Sachkhand Shri Hazur Abchalnagar Sahib, Nanded Fort Nanded City forms a part of east central Maharashtra and lies along the Godavari River. Nanded is situated 650-km away from Mumbai and 270-km from Hyderabad. It is also spelt "Nander" and derives its name from "Nanda Tat" ("Nanda border"), a term that refers to the boundary of the Magadha kingdom during the 7th century BC. Nanded is also a district headquarter and second largest city in Marthawada after Aurangabad. Latur and Parbhani districts surround Nanded on the west and Yavatmal district on the north: the state of Andhra Pradesh lies to the east and Karnataka State to the south. Nanded was earlier known as "Nandigram". It is near about equi-distance from some important cities like Aurangabad, Hydrabad, Solapur, and Nagpur. Nanded is famous as center of Sanskrit learning and is important due to its historical, social and political background. The tenth Guru of Sikhs, Guru Gobind Singhji held his court and congregation over here. This is the place where he recovered after assassins that attacked him. A Sikh gurdwara was also built on the same site. The Maharashtrian Heritage Nanded has a great cultural heritage. It was the birthplace of three Maratha saint-poets - Vishnupant Shesa, Raghunath Shesa, and Vaman Pandit. The Swami Ramanand Teertha Marathwada Vidyapeeth was established in 1994 in Nanded. The Government of Maharashtra is developing Nanded as a Holy City. An action plan has been made for developing infrastructure and other facilities for the convenience of

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pilgrims visiting the various Gurudwaras of Nanded, particularly Gurudwara Sachkhand throughout the year. In ancient time it was a famous center for teaching of Vedant studies, classical music, dramas, literature, and arts. History In ancient period the district was included in Vidarbha region along with the modern districts of Amravati, Akola, Buldana, Yavatmal and Parbhani. In the same period under the rule of Bahamanis the district of Nanded formed part of the province of Bidar and Telangana. It includes the towns and districts of Bidar, Kandhar (Nanded district), Indur, Kaulas, Kotgir and Medak. A part of Nanded district, north of the river Godavari and south of Penganga formed part of the province of Bidar. From the excavations in the neighboring district of Ahmednagar, it is suggested that Nanded region be inhabited in the early Stone Age. With subsequent migrations the region went through different rules formed by the rules of ancient period (such as Satavahanas, Chalukyas of Badami, Rashtrakutas and Yadavas of Devgiri), Mediaeval period (like Bahamanis, Nizam Shahis, the Mughals and Marathas) and modern period (such as Nizams of Hyderabad and British). Under the Mughals, Nanded district was roughly composed of two district viz. Mahur and Nanded. Nanded was at that time the district headquarters. The district was passed under the Nizams sovereignty. More than one third of the district was Jagir area under the Nizams reign. The Nizams own estate was called "Sarf-e-khas", which along with the other jagirs were merged with the government area in 1949 under the Hyderabad Regulation, and the district formed part of the Hyderabad State. PRIME ATTRACTIONS Nanded has a personality of its own due to its mythological, historical, social and cultural importance. The river Godavari flows through the city. Temples and Ghats on the banks of Godavari have made Nanded one of the holiest places for Hindus. Takhat Sachkhand shri Hazur Abchalnagar Sahib: Takhat Sachkhand Shri Hazur Abchalnagar Sahib is the main Gurudwara situated in Nanded. It is one of the four High seats of Authority of the Sikhs. Guru Gobind Singh was the 10th and last Guru of the Sikhs who held his court and congregation here. He died in Nanded, and his ashes are buried in the Sach Khand Shri Huzur Gurudwara on the side of the river Godavari. Maharaja Ranjit Singhji, the great Ruler of Punjab between 1830 to 1839 A.D, built the Gurudwara. The Gurudwara houses the mortal remains of the 10th Guru and number of weapons of various kinds are exhibited here. Also on display are the swords of Maharaja Ranjit Singhji and other Sikh Generals. Nanded Fort: located at a distance of about 4-km from the Nanded Railway Station this dilapidated fort of Nanded is surrounded by Godavari River on three sides. The fort has a good garden and water works. Shrikshetran Mahurgad: Mahurgad is a pilgrim center of great significance, which is located in Nanded district. Famous as the Third Shaktipeeth in Maharashtra, Muhurgad is popularly known as Mahur. About a mile and a half from the village there is the fort of Mahur, which stands with majesty of its ramparts. It is built along the ridge of two hills, which run parallel to each other, towards the south of the village, which lends a very charming view and attracts the attention of the visitors form a long distance. There are many temples in Mahur like Anusaya Temple, Kalika Temple and the most important among them is the temple of Renuka Devi. It occupies a special place in the Hindu pilgrimage Renukadevi Temple At Mahur: Renuka Devi temple is situated on a hillock at a distance of about 2.5-km away from the village of Mahur. It is believed that a Yadava king of Devgiri about eight or nine constructed the temple hundred years ago. Parli Vaijnath at Parli: Vaijnath is located about 130-km from Nanded. There are twelve Jyotirlingas, which are the most significant places of pilgrimage for Hindus. Among them

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five happen to be in Maharashtra and Vaijnath is one of them. Shiva has been worshipped in these places for centuries. Hazrat Nawab Sarfaraz Khan Sahid Masjid: the Masjid known as the Hazrat Nawab Sarfaraz Khan Sahid Masjid is said to have been constructed about 330 years back. Sarfaraz Khan was an officer in the army of Aurangzeb. The Masjid is situated in Biloli Town, which is constructed out of a stone. Unkeshvar: Unkeshvar is situated on the bank of river Penganga. The village is famous for its hot water springs. It is situated at a distance of 19-km from Ambadi, a railway station on Mudkhed - Adilabad railway route. At Unakdeva, there is a temple dedicated to the Lord Shiva. Kandhar: Kandhar Town in Nanded district is famous for its fort, which is situated in the heart of town. Its construction is attributed to the Rashtrakuta King Krishna III of Malkhed who styled himself as "Kandharpuradhi Swar". Encircling the fort is a ditch filled with water. The ruins of this majestic and historic fort are located at a distance of 50-km from the Ranthambhore National Park. Malegaon: Malegaon a small village in Loha Taluka is famous for a very big fair held in honour of Lord Khandoba. This big fair namely " Malegaon Yatra " is held yearly. Malegaon is situated at a distance of about 57-km from Nanded. Hottal: Hottal is situated in Degloor Taluka. There is a very beautiful Temple dedicated to Lord Siddheshwar, which is known for the characteristic Art of the Chalukya Era. Hottal is 8-km away from Degloor. HOW TO GET THERE Nanded is mainly known as pilgrim center for Sikhs. The central bus stand and Railway Station are at the heart of city. Tourist places located around Nanded are easily approachable by State Transport buses as well as private travels starting from Kalamandir. Air: Considering development of the city, the national airport authority has approved a plan for expansion of the airport. Aurangabad is a convenient airport from where daily flights to Mumbai (40min) are operated by various domestic airlines. Rail: Nanded is having direct connectivity by train from Mumbai, Pune, Bangalore, Delhi, Amritsar, Bhopal, Indore, Agra, Hyderabad, Jaipur, Ajmer, Aurangabad and Nashik. Road: It is very easy to access Nanded by bus, State Transport or private Travels is also very convenient because of large frequencies of buses. State Transport Buses are available from Mumbai, Aurangabad, Pune, and Hyderabad to Nanded; Distances from other cities: Mumbai is 650-km, Aurangabad is 265-km, and Hyderabad is 270-km. Local Transportation: One can conveniently go to any part of the city by shared Auto Rickshaws (3 wheelers) and also by City Buses. GENERAL INFORMATION Temperature Range Maximum Minimum (Deg °c) Summer: 45° C 29º C Winter: 26° C 6° C Latitude: 18° 15 ' to 19° 55' Longitude: 77° to 78° 25' Light Cotton and Woolen in Clothing: winter STD Code: 07369/02462 Population: 2,75,083 (1991 Census) Climate: Tropical

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Rainfall: Mudkhed: Ayudh: Parbani: Malegaon: Unkeshwar: Parli:

Average 897.8 mm NEARBY CITIES 23-km 64-km 59-km 57-km 52-km 130-km

NASHIK Location: 185-km Away From Mumbai, On The Northwestern Part Of Maharashtra Previously Spelt As: Nasik Famous As: Religious Center Nashik City, formerly spelt "Nasik" forms a part of the northwestern Maharashtra State. It lies along the Godavari River 565m above sea level and about 185-km from Mumbai. Nashik is an important religious center and attracts thousands of pilgrims annually because of the sanctity of the Godavari River and because of the legend that Rama, the hero of the Ramayana epic, lived here for a time with his wife Sita and his brother Lakshmana. The main part of the town lies on the right (south) bank of the river, while Panchavati, a quarter on the left bank has several temples. The town's riverbanks are lined with Ghats (bathing places with steps). History from archaeological excavations it is found that the territory around Nashik was occupied in the early Stone Age. Its only real monuments are the rock-cut caves nearby Pandav Lena, these two-thousand-year-old cells dates back to the days when Nashik was the capital of the powerful Satavahana (also spelt as Satvahans) dynasty. Nashik dominated all-important trade routes linking the Ganges Plains with the ports to the west. The city was named as "Gulshanabad" during Mughal period, in appreciation of beauty of Nashik. The old name was restored when Peshwas took over in 1751. In 1818 Nashik surrendered to the British. During the freedom struggle of 1857, Nashik was the scene of considerable disturbance. The struggle ended by 1860, and Nashik once again enjoyed peace. Nashik Municipality was formed in 1864. In 1869, Nashik was made a full-fledged District with its present 13 'Talukas' (regions.) Nashik was always prominent as a center of revolutionary activities. Mahatma Gandhi's non-cooperation movement found its share of activities here in Nashik as well. Dr. Ambedkar has organized his temple entry movement for the abolition of untouchability and mass movement was organized in 1932. Cultural life Nagpur cherishes a rich tradition of music, particularly the Hindustani classical form. Kirti Kala Mandir in the town celebrates the Krishna Jayanti Mohotsav (a Hindu festival) every year by inviting renowned performers in Nashik. Painting and sketching exhibitions are regularly held at the Mahatma Phule art gallery in town. Eminent Personalities Nashik has produced many well known, eminent personalities in literature, art, social workers, filmmakers, dramatists, musician's etc. However, the famous among these people is the memorable personality - Vinayak Damodar Savarkar, one of the fervent freedom fighters of India. Nashik is home to renowned writers like the Tatyasaheb Shirwadkar, Vasant Kanetkar, and A.V. Warty. Mr. Dadasahed Phalke, who hailed from Nashik, made the first moving picture produced in India - 'Raja Harishchandra.' PRIME ATTRACTIONS Panchavati: Northern part of Nashik is known as Panchavati as River Godavari flows. It is believed that Lord Shri Ram and Sita along with Lakshman (also spelt as Laxman)

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stayed at Panchavati for some time. Thus Panchavati gained lot of importance. There are five Banyan ('Vad') trees and hence the area is called Panchavati. Sita Gumpha: The Gumpha, which means a cave, located near the five Banyan trees in Panchavati is one of the attractions of Nashik. One can enter the cave with the help of a narrow staircase. The cave has the idol of Shree Ram, Laxman and Sita. Devotees believe that Ravan kidnapped Sita from the same place. Naroshankar Temple: Naroshankar Temple is situated in Panchavati area, on the bank of river Godavari - fondly called as Anga by Nasikites. Naroshankar Rajebahaddur built this temple in 1747. The architectural style of the temple is called "Maya" style. It is one of the most beautiful pieces of temple architecture of the 18th century. The temple is surrounded by 11 feet fortification. In its Four Corners are umbrellas - called "Meghadambari" or "Barasati". There is a "Bell house" called "Naroshankar Bell" in the front part, which is very famous. Sundarnarayan Temple: Sundarnarayan temple is situated at the corner of Ahillyabai Holkar Bridge in Nashik. Gangadhar Yashwant Chandrachud built it in 1756. Presiding deity of the temple is Lord Vishnu, who is also known as Sundarnarayan. Modakeshwar Ganesh Temple: Another famous temple of Nashik where the idol in the temple is believed to be self emerged. The 'Modak' is a special Maharastrian dish made of coconut and jaggery. This dish is considered to be Lord Ganesh's favorite. Guru Gangeshwar Ved Mandir: Guru Gangeshwar Ved Mandir was built with the aim of studying Indian culture and Ved and Puranas. The entrance to the temple is very large and attractive with glasses and floodlights. Free training and education on Ved-Puranas is given to students from all over India. The temple contains the idols of Shri Ram, Laxman (also spelt as Lakshman) and Sita along with a beautiful idol of Guru Gangeshwaraji. Yashwantrao Maharaj Memorial: Situated on the banks of the river Godavari, this temple dedicated to Saint Yashwantrao Maharaj Deo Mamaledar was built in 1887 after the Samadhi of Deo Mamaledar. Yashwantrao Maharaj was the Mamaledar (civil servant) at Satana. Gondeshwar Temple: A beautiful temple built in the Hemadpanthi style of architecture, during the Adilshahi rule in Maharashtra. This style of architecture was developed by one of the pradhans (minister) of Ahmednagar named Hemadpanth. He popularized this typical style of construction using locally available black stone and lime. This style became very popular and came to be known as the "Hemadpanthi" style. The Gondeshwar temple is one of the few structures of this style still in good shape. Ramkund; Hundreds of pilgrims arrive here to take a holly dip at the 'Ramkund' in the river Godavari, which is considered the 'Ganges of the south'. Ramkund is the spot where the river Godavari turns to right at an angle of 90 degrees and gains importance, as Lord Ram is said to have taken his daily bath here, during his stay at Nashik. Muktidam Temple: Muktidham temple is about 7-km from downtown on the road to the railway station in Nashik. This temple is built in white marble and is one of the most important temples of the city. It has been constructed recently but still it is noted for its architecture. The Muktidham Temple is pure white, the colour of holiness and peace. In addition to its unique architecture, eighteen chapters of the 'Gita' are written on the walls of the temples. After visiting this Temple, every Hindu feels that he has visited the four 'Dham' (holy centers) in India. Kalaram Temple: The most significant temple is the Kalaram temple located in the Panchavati area, Nashik. This temple built in 1794 by Gopikabai Peshwa, is an architectural grandeur, with the motif, pretty much analogous to that of the Trimbakeshwar Temple. The specialty of the temple is that it was built with black stones.

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Coin Museum: The Indian Institute of Research in Numismatic Studies was established in 1980 and is the only one of its kind in Asia. To impart a general idea about Indian coins to the common people, the Institute has organized a small museum. The Coin Museum is positioned against the backdrop of the enthralling Ajneri Hill at Nashik. Pandavleni caves: Pandavleni caves are a group of 24 Hinayana Buddhist Caves, dating from around the 1st century BC to the 2nd century AD, built by the Jain kings. These caves are situated about 8-km south of Nashik on a tableland atop the Trivashmi Hill, close to the Mumbai Road. Cave 3 is a large 'Vihara' with some interesting sculptures. Cave 10 is also a 'Vihara' and almost identical in design to cave 3, although it is much older and finer in its detail. It is thought to be nearly as old as the Karla Cave near Lonavala. Cave 18 is a 'Chaitya' believed to date from the same time as the Karla Cave. It is a well-sculptured cave and its elaborate facade is particularly noteworthy. Shirdi: Shiridi is a small village in Kopargam Taluk, in Ahmadnagar District of the Maharastra State. Shirdi is a very sacred, powerful and important place of pilgrimage in India. Shirdi is about 285-km and 6 hours' driving from Mumbai (Bombay). Shirdi was a sleepy little village, tucked away in the interiors of Maharashtra. An old sage called Sai Baba lived in the village. This sage was their mentor and prophet. Even today the last few surviving elders of the village vividly recall the miraculous wonders of the sage. He died in 1918 leaving behind grieving villagers. Infant Jesus Shrine: This Church is situated on Nashik - Pune Highway. Every year in the month of February, there is a fair held over here. Kapaleshwar Mandir: Kapaleshwar Temple situated at Nashik is said to be the oldest temple in Nashik. It lies on the bank of river Godavari near Ramkund. It is usual that every Mahadeva temple has a Nandi (the vehicle of Lord Shiva) but the peculiar feature of this temple is it does not have Nandi. This temple is worth visiting. Someshwar: Someshwar temple is one of the oldest temples dedicated to Mahadeva (Someshwar), which is situated on the Gangapur Road. It is about 6-km from Nashik city. This temple lies along the banks of river Godavari. Wani: The temple of Sapatashrungi Mata is on Saptashruga hill near the village Nanduri. It is about 52-Kms from Nashik City. The temple is atop a hill and there are around 450 steps to climb. In April of every year, a major fair is held over here. Nandur madhameshwar Bird Sanctuary: Through ceaseless efforts of Bombay Natural History Society, World Wildlife Fund and Forest Department of the Government of Maharashtra, this sanctuary which houses more than 220 species of birds, 400 species of vegetation, 24 species of fish and several smaller mammals came into existence along the Nandur Madhameshwar dam at the confluence of Godavari and Kadwa. Spread over the protected area of 10,000 hectares, lies the core area of 1,765 hectares, where the large variety of water birds, resident and migratory birds congregate in season. The International Union of Conservation of Nature now counts it as one of the important waterfowl habitats in the region. Bhandardara: Bhandardara is located 70-km away from Nahsik. It is a small and serene locale for those who need a break from their tedious and tiring lives. An exquisite holiday resort and an ideal getaway for fun-loving trekkers and picnickers. Bhandardara houses exhilarating waterfall - Radha Falls, a deep valley, a clean and large Arthur Lake, a historical Ratangadh Fort, an ancient temple - Amritheshwar Temple, a peaceful Agasti Rishi Ashram, Wilson Dam also known as Bhandardara Dam, and Viewpoints. It also hosts an ideal trekking destination known as Mount Kalusubai. HOW TO GET THERE Air: Nearest airport from Nashik is at Mumbai, which is 185-km away from the city.

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Rail: Nashik is one the major stations on the Central Railway and there are a number of convenient trains that connect Nashik to other cities and towns. The fastest train to Mumbai is the Panchvati Express, which does the trip in 4 ½ hours. Road: Nashik is 185-kms from Mumbai and is well connected by road. Pune-Nashik highway is 220-kms away from the city. There are also several private and state buses available between Mumbai/Thane and Nashik. Local Transport: Visitors can use taxis, tourist cars, auto-rickshaws and vans, which are easily available and ideal for families and groups. GENERAL INFORMATION Temperature Range Maximum Minimum (Deg °c) Summer: 45° C 29º C Winter: 26° C 6° C Latitude: 18° 15 ' to 19° 55' Longitude: 77° to 78° 25' Light Cotton and Woolen in Clothing: winter STD Code: 07369/02462 Population: 2,75,083 (1991 Census) Climate: Tropical Rainfall: Average 897.8 mm NEARBY CITIES Someshwar: 6-km Nanduri: 52-km Bhandadara: 70-km Mumbai185-km

Pune Location: Southwestern Part Of Maharashtra Formerly Known As: Poona Also Known As: Queen Of The Deccan Best Time To Visit: October To March Second City Of Maharashtra: The city, formerly spelt as Poona is located just 170-km from Mumbai at an altitude of 598m. Pune is Maharashtra's second city, which lies close to the Western Ghat Mountains (known also as the Sahyadri Hills), on the edge of the Deccan plains as they stretch away to the east. Pune is the cultural capital of the Maratha people, which is also known as the "Queen of the Deccan." The city of Pune first gained its importance as the capital of the Marathas in the 17th century. It was temporarily captured by the Mughals but again became the official Maratha capital from 1714 until its fall to the British in 1817. It served as the seasonal capital of the Bombay Presidency, and after independence it is a burgeoning city, expanding in all directions, but especially along the Pune - Mumbai (Bombay) rail and road routes through the industrial townships of Pimpri, and Chinchwad.

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A Metro City: Today Pune is one of the leading metros in India, with the Film and Television Institute of India and National Defence Academy based here. It is fast becoming one of the major hubs of industry and commerce in the country. It is also an important commercial and educational center with distinctive features and characteristics of its own. The region surrounding Pune, now called Greater Pune, includes parts of the Sahyadri Hills, the Balaghat Range (north) and the Mahadeo Hills (south), which enclose the upper Bhima River Valley. History: The city was one of the pivotal bases of the 17th century Maratha ruler Chhatrapati Shivaji, who was born at the Shivneri Fort here. Later, Pune was handed over to the Peshwa family, whose Maratha power rose to be a major political force. Its influence expanded beyond the limits of the Maratha kingdom. After the Battle of Koregaon in 1818, Pune fell into the hands of the East India Company. The British proposed to transform the city into a 'monsoon capital' but instead developed it into a 19th century Indian army town and renamed it Poona. Specimen Of Maharashtrian Cultural Heritage: Pune exemplifies an indigenous Marathi culture and ethos, in which education, arts and crafts, and theatres are given due prominence. It is the birthplace of the poet-saint Tukaram (in Dehu) and Jnaneshvara (in Alandi), the author of the well-known commentary on the "Bhagavad Gita". It is the home of great freedom fighters like Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Agarkar and Gopal Krishna Gokhale. Jayant Narlikar, the famous contemporary scientist, is from Pune. Pune is the seat of North Indian Classical music. Annually, in the month of December, it hosts a three nightlong cultural program of vocal and instrumental classical music, called "Savai-Gandharva". Pune boasts of its art galleries, museums such as the Raja Kelkar museum, which is a one-man collection of artifacts. Recently, a National sports complex has been built on the northwestern edge of Pune. It has produced renowned authors like Mr. PL Deshpande, who personify Pune's standing as an old education center. Pune has been an example for the blending of the culture and heritage with modernization and its side effects. With the Pune festival, Osho Commune International, IUCAA, FTII and a number of research and Defence establishments, Pune has become a major attraction, with a lot to offer to its tourists. Though mostly populated with a Marathi-speaking community, Pune is slowly becoming a more cosmopolitan city.

RATNAGIRI Location: In Southwestern Maharashtra On The Arabian Sea Coast, Maharashtra Administrative Capital Of: Bijapur Rulers Surrounded By: Beautiful Hills Of Sahyadri Ratnagiri is located in the southwestern part of Maharashtra State on the Arabian Sea coast. Ratnagiri became the administrative capital under the Bijapur rulers. It forms a part of the greater tract known as Konkan. This tract is historically famous for it longs coastline and convenient harbours, together with it comparative nearness to the Arabian Sea. The surrounding area is bordered by the Sahyadri Hills on the West; the heavy rainfall results into highly eroded landscape in the coastal region. Fertile alluvial valleys produce rice and coconut as the main crops; fruit and cashew nut cultivation is being promoted. History: In 1731 it came under the control of Satara kings; in 1818 it was surrendered to the British. A fort was built during the Bijapur dynasty and strengthened in 1670 by the Maratha king Shivaji, which is located on a headland near the harbour. It is one of the ports of the Konkan coast. It has a palace where the last king of Burma, Thibaw, and later Veer Savarkar, were confined.

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It is also believed that the Pandavas having performed their pilgrimage on the 13th year had settled in the adjoining territory of the Ratnagiri district and when the Pandavas and the Kauravas had the famous war at Kuruskshetra, the king of this region Veeravat Ray had accompanied then there. PRIME ATTRACTIONS Parasuraman Temple near Chiplun, Ganapatipule and Pavas draw many visitors. In Few caves in the Chiplun, Khed, Dabhol, Sangameshwar, Gauhani Velgaum and Vade Padel are also worth visiting. The Buddhist legend in the Papanch, Sudan and Srath Appakasini record the conversion of Konkan to Buddhism and early as the lifetime of Gautama (BC 560-481) Chiplun, Kol, and Pabol caves indicate that Sarthawalas or Caravan-men donated some of them. Ganapatipule: Ganapatipule is an ancient pilgrim center located in Ratnagiri district. It has a lot of history behind it while being a very beautiful sea town. Ganapatipule is about 25-km from Ratnagiri and around 375-km from Mumbai, housing a Swayambhoo (a naturally formed idol) of Ganapati. Ganapatipule is untouched by commercialism; the pastoral beauty of the village is enhanced manifold by six kilometers of virgin beach on the breathtaking Konkan coastline. Ganapatipule is one of the `Ashta Ganapatis' (eight Ganpatis) of India and called the "Paschim Dwar-Dewata" (Western Sentinel God). HOW TO GET THERE Air: Nearest airport is at Ratnagiri. Rail: Ratnagiri has a railway station, but not many trains pass through it. Road: The district is well connected by road transport with important towns such as Mumbai, Pune, Kolhapur, etc. GENERAL INFORMATION Latitude: 15° 36' and 18°05'N Longitude: 73° 05' and 74° 36'E Population: 1544057(1991 Census) Climate: Tropical Clothing: Cotton Clothes

SOLAPUR Location: 456-km From Mumbai, On The Banks Of River Sina, and Maharashtra Famous As: Jain Center Also Spelt As: Sholapur Also spelt Sholapur, administrative headquarters of Solapur district are located on the banks of the Sina River in Maharashtra state. The city is located on major road and rail routes between Mumbai and Hyderabad, with a branch line to Bijapur and Gadag. Solapur developed as a commercial center for cotton and other agricultural produce. Solapur is a major city of Maharashtra and is an important center of Jains. The area, which now forms Solapur district, was formerly part of Ahmadnagar, Pune and Satara districts. It is influenced by its geography and the area is largely consists of plains. The river Bhima flows from northwest to the southeast and Sina River also flows from it. The southwest and northeast parts of the district are arid areas. Solapur is meeting ground for Maharashtra and Karnataka and from very old times the trade routes passed across Solapur district. There are 8 famous Digamabar Jain temples at Solapur two are at Sukervar Peth, one in Kasagi, one at Shravikashram, one at Bhusari and Seth Sakharamji temple. Solapur bed-sheets have earned fame and reputation for their novel designs and durability. The chief deity of the city is Shri Siddeshwar. History: As per the mythological literary sources the region south of Godavari was covered with thick forest and was inhabited by the aboriginal. Agastya was the first Aryan 27

who crossed the Vindhya Mountains and settled on the banks of Godavari followed by other sages who established their hermitages in the different regions of the south. In early centuries the city belonged to the Hindu Chalukyas and Devagiri Yadavas, but later became a part of the Bahamani and Bijapur kingdoms. Vairag village in Barshi tehsil situated at a distance of 14 miles to the south east of Barshi and 30 miles to the North of Solapur is a meeting place of saints of Nath Sect who have enunciated worldly life for meditation. Because of this particular aspect the village seems to have been named as 'Vairag'. PRIME ATTRACTIONS Solapur is a place with historical, religious, industrial and commercial importance. A number of objects of interest found in the city are Ground fort, Siddheshwar temple, Mallikarjuna temple, Parasnath temple, Adinath temple, Masjids, Churches and Agyari. Akkalkot is considered to be an important center of Datta. The Vatavriksha Temple of Shri Swami Samantha and Akkalkot Swami math is important religious places, which are visited by many devotees. Phandharpur the city of Pandhavi Vithoba is another most important pilgrimage center for the whole of India. It ranks first among the fairs in the state with an aggregate congregation of four to five lakh on Ashadhi and Kartiki Ekadasi. HOW TO GET THERE Rail: Solapur is a distance of 456-km from the Mumbai on the main broad gauge rail line of Central railway connecting Mumbai and Chennai. Road: It is also well connected by road. State transport ply buses from major cities of the state like Mumbai, Aurangabad, and Pune to Solapur. FAIRS AND FESTIVALS: A fair is held at Saint nath temple in honour of Saint Nath for a period of 6 days from shravana shud 11 to Vad 1. About 20 to 25 thousand people attend this fair. Nandidhwaj procession on Makar Sankranti is also attended by millions of, devotes. GENERAL INFORMATION Temperature Range Maximum Minimum (Deg °c) Summer: 42° C 28º C Winter: 27° C 13° C Latitude: 17° 42¢ to 18° 32¢ Longitude: 74° 33¢ to 76° 54¢ Light Cotton and Woolen in Clothing: winter STD Code: 0217 Area: 14895 sq. kms (district) Population: 604,215 (1991 Census Climate: Tropical Rainfall: Average 897.8 mm

SANGLI Location: 430-km Away From Mumbai, In The Southern Part Of Maharashtra Famous For: Manufacturing Of Musical Instruments Main Attractions: Ganapati Temple, Single Fort, and Krishna Ghat Best Time To Visit: October And February Single City is located in the southern part of the Maharashtra State, and lies along the Krishna River, east of 0f Kolhapur, on the Pune-Bangalore railway. Single, which is 430km away from Mumbai was the former capital (1761-1947) of former Single State. Its market in oilseeds and turmeric is one of the most important in India. Single has a Ganapati temple that attracts many devotees. Single city is an important educational 28

center with schools and technical institutes, colleges of arts, science, and engineering facilities, affiliated with Shivaji University, Kolhapur. Single is rapidly extending on all sides except along the Krishna River. Single and Miraj to the east are merging to create a large urban agglomeration. Miraj, also a capital of a former Princely State, is renowned for manufacturing musical instruments. The Dargah of Meerasaheb Avail attracts devotees from far and wide. PRIME ATTRACTIONS The Valley of river Krishna and its tributaries is one of the greenest areas in the country. Other small rivers like Warana, Yearly and Panchganga meet river Krishna. There are numerous unknown spots of scenic beauty in and around Krishna Valley near Single. The Grand Temple of Lord Ganesh in Single attracts tourists from all over India. There are a number of Hindu Shrines and Jain Temples in and around Single, which attract lot of devotees. Single Fort: Single Fort is situated in the center of Single City. Inside the fort is the Collector’s office, Revenue Office, a Marathi school " Purohit Girls High school" and a museum. Rajwada, the palace is also located inside the fort, and the museum is located in backside of the Rajwada. Just opposite to the fort is the present court of Single district. Ganapati Temple: The Ganapati temple situated on banks of river Krishna at Single is most beautiful temple in south Maharashtra. It is a tutelar deity of Single. Thorle (elder) Chintamanrao Patwardhan consecrated the idol in 1843. This temple is very famous for its artistic construction. It is built out of black stone made available from the hills of Jyotiba. The temple has a large premise, covering a sprawling two acres. It comprises of a platform, an excellent hall and a "Nagarkhana". The door of the sanctum is carved out of different coloured natural wood. The temple is located on eastern bank of river Krishna. Krishna Ghat: The confluence of the rivers Krishna and Warana is at Haripur a small town near Single. A temple is situated on the banks of these two rivers. In the year 1768 Govind Hari Patwardhan made houses for the Brahmins, which is why Hari Patwardhan knows the town as “Haripur” as a tribute. Gokak waterfalls: The waterfall is just 2 hours travel from Single by train or a car. The best time to visit this falls is between Junes to October as there is plenty of water. There is a swinging bridge on the waterfalls. Gokak Dam and the Hydroelectric Power plant are also worth watching. Mahabaleshwar: Mahabaleshwar, Queen of all Hill Stations, is situated at an altitude of 1372m in the heart of Sahyadri Hills in Satara District. The hill station has a legendary past. The name 'Mahabaleshwar' is derived from a temple of Lord Mahadev and three Sanskrit words, 'Maha' (great), 'Bal' (power) and 'Ishwar' (God). But, some say that the name 'Mahabaleshwar', which simply means very mighty God, seems to have a mythological past. Pratapgad Fort: Pratapgad Fort is one of the formidable mountain forts built by Shivaji, 24-km away from the famous hill-station Mahabaleshwar. The fort holds a commanding view of coastal Konkan. One can see the Raigadh fort from here. The Bhavani temple and Afzal Khan's Tomb are other places of interest. Koyna Dam: The Koyna dam is a big dam, built high in Satara district of the Sahyadris on one of the major tributaries of the Krishna, which is a "Major Irrigation Project'' in the terminology of the Indian Government. Its reservoir has a storage capacity of 98 TMC feet and the dam generates over 900 MW of electricity. Bahubali Hill Temples (Kumbhojgiri): Bahubali hill temples are located 27-km south of Kolhapur on Bahubali Hills. These hills are popularly known as "Kumbhojgiri". It is a

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popular site revered by both Hindus and Jains. A Celibacy Resort was established in 1935 and named after the sage Bahubali who mediated here about 300 years before. Chandoli Forests: Mountains and thick forests surround the Chandoli region, which is about 65-km from Single. This is a famous spot for its scenic beauty and wild animals like monkeys, deer, wild goat, rabbits, tigers, peacocks, snakes, etc. Chandoli dam is also worth visiting with rare species of trees and plants. This region also witnesses maximum rainfall. Bijapur: Bijapur is about 4 hours drive from Single. One can get Maharashtra and Karnataka State Transport Buses from Single to reach Bijapur. Private Cars can also be hired from Single. This is a one-day trip from Single. Bijapur is a historical place known for its ancient palaces. Adilshah built a number of palaces in Bijapur. The most famous of them is the Gol Gumbaj. There are some other historical palaces in Bijapur too. Sagareshwar Wild Life sanctuary: Sagareshwar Wildlife Sanctuary is at trifurcating of three tehsils namely Khanapur, Walva and Palus Tehsils of Single district covering an area of is 10.87-sq-km in Western Maharashtra. The significance of this sanctuary is that it is a man made sanctuary. Sagareshwar is an artificially cultivated forest without perennial supply off water and in which most of the wildlife species are artificially introduced. It was first brought under the category of park, then Sagaroba game reserve in 1980 and thereafter, in 1985, it became Sagareshwar Wildlife Sanctuary when approximately 52 animals were set free in the area. Pandharpur: Pandharpur also known, as "Bhu-Vaikuntha" or Paradise on Earth is the spiritual capital of Maharashtra, situated on the banks of the river Bhimarathi also known Chandrabhaga. It is located 65-km west of Sholapur. Pandharpur houses a shrine of Vithoba, on the banks of the river. 'Vithoba' is a form of Krishna. The name Vithoba means Father Vitthala. The term Vitthala is said to have been derived from the word Vishnu in Kannada. It was previously called, as "Pandarga", a sanskritised form of Pandharpur. This shrine was closely associated with a saint called Pundalik, and hence this shrine is also known as "Pundarika Pura". There is also a shrine to Pundalik at Pandharpur. Vithoba's consort is Rakhumai or Rukmini. Battis Shirala: Battis Shirala is a small village about 65-km from Single located in the hilly area covered by thick forests. These forests have a wide species of snakes right from the deadliest King Cobra to the rare species of Pythons. Every year during the "Snake Festival", thousands of visitors from India and abroad visit this place. Narsobawadi: Narsobawadi is a small village located close to Kolhapur, which attracts tourists in quite a large number. It is popularly know as Narsobachi Wadi. This place is situated at the confluence of river Krishna and Panch Ganga. Narsobawadi has a great archaeological significance. HOW TO GET THERE Air: The nearest International Airport is at Mumbai (430-kms). The nearest Airport is at Kolhapur, which is 48-kms away from Single. Rail: There is a railway station at Single. Many trains pass through this station connecting it with important cities within the state. Road: Single is about 430-km from Mumbai, 750-km from Bangalore and 220-km from Pune. It is just 35-km off the Mumbai-Bangalore National Highway. The Ratnagiri-Nagpur Highway also passes through Single. The Maharashtra State Transport runs several deluxe and semi-deluxe buses from Mumbai, Pune, and Goa to Single. Karnataka and Goa State Transports also operate services from Single. GENERAL INFORMATION Temperature Range (Deg Maximum Minimum °c)

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Summer: Winter: Latitude: Longitude: Clothing: STD Code: Population: Climate: Rainfall: Kolhapur: Chandoli: Shirala:

38.5°C. 43°C 25°C. 12.8° C 18° 15 ' to 19° 55' 77° to 78° 25' Light cotton 0233 193,197(1991 census). Tropical 538.5 M.M NEARBY CITIES 48-km 65-km 65-km

SATARA Location: 120-km Away From Pune, At The Feet Of The Sahyadri Ranges, Maharahstra Main Attractions: Ajinkyatara Fort, Pratapgad Fort, Yavteshwar, Natraj Mandir Best Time To Visit: October And March Satara is one of the oldest cities of Maharashtra situated at the feet of the Sahyadri range; it has a glorious and ever inspiring past history, which dates back to 200 BC. Satara is also a district headquarter. Nira River and the Taluka’s of Bhor and Phaltan bound it on the north, on the east by Solapur (also spelt as Sholapur), on the south by the lands of Single and on the west by the Sahyadris An Ancient Center Of Cultural Heritage The city has several mythological, historical, cultural and even political references. Eminent historians, well-known authors, poets and great political leaders made this city famous from time to time. One of the poets described and compared it with Capital City of Delhi. It is also famous as two great rivers namely the Krishna and Veena originated from Mahabaleshwar meet together at Kshetra Mahuli. The confluence at Mahuli has several stories reminiscence ancient History. This city is ornate with nature's blessings, a calm and quiet place not only for peaceful living but also for doing great devotional works for mankind. It was regarded as the celestial abode of great seven sages on the hill fort of 'Ajinkyatara', which was known as 'Fort of Sapta-Rishi' (Seven Sages). There are no inscriptions as to who held Satara but it seems probable that the Andhrabhritya or Shatakarni kings (BC 90-AD 300) held Satara till the 3rd or 4th century after Christ. For 900 years, which ended in the early 14th century with the Muslims overthrowing of the Devgiri Yadavs, no other historical information regarding Satara is available. PRIME ATTRACTIONS Ajinkyatara Fort: The Ajinkyatara Fort is in the heart of Satara City. It is located on the huge Ajinkyatara Mountain and is 3,300 feet high and so the tourists can have a wonderful view of the city from here. The walls of the fort are 4m high. Many water tanks are there on the fort and there is no scarcity of water. The beauty of Ajinkyatara can be observed from the hill of Yawateshwar. Pratapgad Fort: Pratapgad Fort is one of the formidable mountain forts built by Shivaji, 24-km away from the famous hill-station Mahabaleshwar. The fort holds a commanding view of coastal Konkan. One can see the Raigadh fort from here. The Bhavani temple and Afzal Khan's Tomb are other places of interest. Yavteshwar: Yavteshwar is a small village on the plateau to the northwest of the summit of Yavteshwar hill, about 2 miles west of Satara. The plateau is reached by a good bridal

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path branching off from the tunnel at Satara or by the steps, which climb straight up the hillside. Yavteshwar is 1100 feet above the plain thus one can expect this place to be pleasantly cool at all times of the years. Though there is a little feeling of hot wind at times, but during the summer Yavteshwar is frequently used as health-resort. Natraj Mandir: This temple is located in Satara City, which lies on the way from the highway to the Satara Railway station. The temple has four entrances in the four directions. Mahuli: Mahuli located 6-km from Satara City and is another famous pilgrim center where rivers Krishna and Venna meet. Many beautiful Mandirs (temples) and Ghats can be found on the banks of the river. The Mangalagauri temples are quite famous over here and one can also see innumerable ruins of old temples. Bogda: Bogda is a tunnel built during the British Raj, which is a unique example of Civil and Construction Engineering. One has to pass through to this tunnel to go to any place located on the other side of Ajinkyatara from the main city. Char Bhinti: "Char Bhinti" which means "Four walls" when literally translated. One can come this memorial midway to the top of Ajinkyatara. It is a unique memorial, which commemorates the Uprising of 1857 (Sepoy Mutiny) and all the patriotic struggles by the freedom fighters of the time of the British Raj. There are inscriptions on the memorial mentioning Rani Laxmibai of Jhansi and Lokmanya Tilak. Sajjangad Fort: Sajjangad Fort is located just 12-km away from Satara city where Shri Samarth Ramdas Swami, Guru of Shivaji Maharaj lived. It was named so as Sajjan means a good person and many people used to visit this fort and hold discussions with the Guru. He was popular among people as a very good person. The Shilahar family built this fort in the 10th or 11th century AD. It is 1025 feet in height and has an area of 1824 square yards. It was earlier named as Aashwalayangad and later named as Aaswalgad. Wai: Wai is a holy place situated on the banks of the river Krishna. It is also known as Dakshin Kashi meaning the Kashi of the South. There are many temples and seven wellbuilt Ghats on the banks of the river. Each of the Ghats differs in size and style. One can see a huge idol of Ganesha called Dholya Ganapathi, which is very famous and is made out of a single stone by Sardar Raste in 1762 AD. Koynanagar: The Koyna dam is a big dam, built high in Satara district of the Sahyadris on one of the major tributaries of the Krishna, which is a "Major Irrigation Project'' in the terminology of the Indian Government. Its reservoir has a storage capacity of 98 TMC ft and the dam generates over 900 MW of electricity. Shingnapur: Shingnapur is located on the niche of the Shikhar Shingnapur hills, 40 miles away from Satara and is a famous pilgrimage center. Atop the hill there is a temple dedicated to Lord Mahadev. Panchagani: Panchgani is an idyllic mountain retreat in the Krishna valley. Tucked away in the Satara district of Maharashtra, Panchgani is a well-known hill station of Maharashtra on the highway to Mahabaleshwar from Pune. It derives its name from the five hills around it. Situated at an altitude of 1,334m, the 18-km approach to the Panchgani is breathtaking, offering heart-stopping views of the River Krishna on one side and the coastal plains on the other. It is far from the noise of Pune and the endless hustle-bustle and pollution of Mumbai metropolis. It is the first hill town one reaches from Mahabaleshwar on the Pune road. Chaphal: Sri Samarth Ramdas Swami built a temple dedicated to Sri Rama; he also constructed two Maruti Mandirs at Chaphal. He found the idol of Sri Rama placed in the temple in the river at Angapur. Tourists can also visit a beautiful memorial, which was built to perpetuate the memory of his first meeting with Sri Shivaji Maharaj.

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Thosegarh: Famous for its waterfalls, it makes an ideal picnic spot for the adventurous. The people visiting here walk down the slippery falls and have a good time with the splashing waters. HOW TO GET THERE Rail: Satara being an important city of Maharashtra has well-developed transportation facilities. Tourists can easily access Satara rail. It is also a main Railway on Pune-Miraj section. Road: Satara is situated on Pune-Bangalore highway 120-km away from Pune. State transport plies buses from each direction that pass through Satara. GENERAL INFORMATION Population: 2451000 (1991 Census) Latitude: 16.50' and 18.10' Longitude: 73.45' and 75.0' Climate: Tropical Rainfall: 803 mm (Average) Clothing: Light cotton in summer and woolen in winter STD code: 02162 NEARBY CITIES Mahuli: 6-km Pune: 120-km

VASAI Location: 50-km North Of Mumbai Formerly Known As: Bassein Attractions: Vasai (Bassein) Fort, Aagashi Jain Mandir, Arnala Fort, Chinchoti Waterfalls, Holy Christ Church Best Time To Visit: October To March Vasai is located about 50-km North of Mumbai, on the Arabian Sea. The Portuguese formerly called it Bassein (Baçaim) and then by the British, it also had various other names during the course of history. The town is historically important too. It was part of the territory of the Hindu Devgiri Yadavas until 1317; later it became a seaport for the Gujarat Muslim kings. In 1526, the Portuguese established a fort (now in ruins) and a trading station, and the town became known for its ship building industry. After frequent but unsuccessful attacks by the Mughals in the 17th century, it fell to the Marathas in 1739 and was later taken by the British. Vasai during the Portuguese period was known for the refinement and wealth and splendor of its buildings, palaces and for the beauty of its churches. History Bassein, on the mainland northwest of Bombay, was a large Portuguese enclave, second only to Goa, until 1739. The most significant past in Vasai's history is the rein of the Portuguese, since they largely influenced or changed to what Vasai-Virar area is today. The northern holdings of the Portuguese, including Daman and Diu, were governed from this center. The fort and the hinterland around it were lost to the Marathas in a campaign, which lasted two years and ended in complete Maratha supremacy. When Portuguese arrived, Bassein was under the rule of Bahadur Shah a ruler of Bombay. In 1528, Captain Heytor de Silveira captured and burnt the city of Bassein. In 1532, the Portuguese attacked Bassein again and after a weak resistance, they entered the smaller fort and destroyed it. Subsequently, the towns of Thana, Bandora (Bandra), Mahim and Bombaim (Bombay) were put under Portuguese control. In December 1534, Bahadur Shah signed a treaty with the Portuguese and ceded Bassein with its dependencies of Salsette, Bombaim (Bombay), Parel, Vadala, Siao (Sion), Vorli (Worli), Mazagao (Mazgao), Thana, Bandra, Mahim, and Caranja. In the

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second half of 16th century the Portuguese built a new fortress enclosing a whole town with in the fort walls. This fort stands till today with the outer shell and ruins of churches. At the end of 17th century Bassein reached the height of the prosperity. From 1611, Bassein and the whole region under the Portuguese had a mint or "Casa da Moeda". These old coins were found occasionally during digs and were locally called "Firgi paisa". In February 1739, Chimaji Appa attacked Bassein and after a desperate resistance on 16th May 1739 the Portuguese signed surrender. The Portuguese lost eight cities, four chief ports, twenty fortress, two fortified hills, the island of Salcete (Salsette) with the city and the fortress of Thana, the "Ilha das Vaccas", the island of Karanjà (Juem), and 340 villages. They left Bassein on 23rd May 1739. After 205 years of uninterrupted Portuguese rule, Bassein was progressively neglected, and the neighboring English Bombay assumed importance in trade and commerce. In 1801 in Poona (Pune), Jaswant Rao Holkar rose in rebellion with a huge army and defeated the combined armies of Daulat Rao Sindhia and Peshwa Baji Rao II and captured the city of Poona. Peshwa Baji Rao took refuge in Bassein. The defeated Baji Rao had no hesitation in accepting the Subsidiary Alliance with the British and signed the Treaty of Bassein with East India Company on December 31, 1802. In May 1803 Baji Rao II was restored as Peshwa under the protection of the British. The treaty of Bassein eventually led to expansion and influence of the East India Company over the Indian subcontinent. PRIME ATTRACTIONS Vasai Fort: Bassein Fort also known, as Vasai Fort is an important sea fort located in Bassein, present day Vasai, at about 55-km away from Mumbai. Built by Bahadur Shah, Sultan of Gujarat, it was initially one of a chain of forts intended to guard the coast against the Portuguese and the pirates. Aagashi Jain Mandir: About 5-km from Virar, there is a 400 years old ancient Parshwanath Temple. During "Kartik Poornima" every year, a very big festival is organized at this temple, which is visited by large number of devotees. Food and accommodation facilities are made available to those who visit this place. The saints in the assembly hall of the temple conduct a religious lecture. Arnala Fort: Arnala fort was built on Arnala Island, approximately 8 miles North of Vasai. It is surrounded on all sides by water and so is also known as "Jaldurg" or "Janjire Arnala". Chinchoti Waterfalls: The Chinchoti waterfalls located to the east of Vasai are a popular picnic spot for the young crowds from Mumbai City. In the center of the thick forest is this waterfall, which flows continuously from June to October. The waterfall is about 100ft. high and 20ft. broad. Tourists visit this place to enjoy the falls. This wonderful waterfall makes a great monsoon getaway. But on weekends it might seem as though the entire population of Mumbai is here. Holy Chirst Church: On the hill beside the town of Mahabaleshwar stands the Holy Christ church. This church was built in 1842, is a place worth visiting. With its beautiful stained glass window still intact, the squatters now occupying the church will happily allow you in for a peek. Jiwadani: Jiwadani" means "Goddess of Life". The mountain on which the temple is situated is known as "Mount Jiwadani". It takes about half an hour from Virar and about 40 to 45 minutes to walk over the mountain to have "Darshan" of Goddess Jiwadani. Virar: Virar is linked to Mumbai by local suburban railway with regular train service from Church gate to Virar. It is the last station on the suburban railway. Virar is also connecting point for shuttle service to Palghar and Dahanu. Vajreshawari: Vajreshwari is a small village about 31-km from Vasai and 85-km from Mumbai City. Vajreshwari is named after the goddess Vajreshwari whose temple has

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historical importance. This temple looks like an ancient fort. The idol of the goddess is very impressive and is being worshipped for last few centuries. After the Victory of Vasai Fort, Chimaji Appa, the younger brother of Bajirao Peshwa built this Temple besides the Mandakini Mountain, which was formed as a result of a volcanic eruption. That is the reasons why there are number of hot water streams near this place. In fact, some of the hot springs here are hottest in Asia. Sopara: Sopara was an ancient port and an international trading center. The most likely route of ships coming to Sopara is from the North. It is believed that the water once extended all the way to Bhyander creek thus making the whole area extending from Arnala to Bhyander an island - referred to as Salsatte Island. In the time of the Buddha, Sopara, (Ancient Shurparaka), was an important port and a gateway settlement. Between Virar and Nala-Sopara, somewhere halfway between the two stations, there is a small hill to the east of the railway. On top of that hill was a stone built structure. Nirmal: A small green village at a distance of around 6-kms from Vasai is a pilgrim spot for Shurpara Nagar. There are "Samadhi" meditation spots of Parshuram and Shankaracharya - also the temples of "Suleshwar" and "Kartik Swami". A fair is organized every year at this place during "Kartik Ekadashi". HOW TO GET THERE Air: The nearest airport is Mumbai (50-km). It has both national and international airports. Rail: The nearest railway station is on Vasai road on the western railway. Only few trains pass through the station. Road: Vasai being an important tourist place is well connected by road with all the places in Maharashtra. MTDC and Maharashtra State service ply buses from almost all the important places.

THANE Location: Northern District Of Konkan, Maharashtra Originally Called As: Sristhanaka Named After Lord Ganpati Also Known As: Cacade De Tana Best Time To Visit: November to March Thane City lies adjoining the Arabian Sea in the northwestern part of Maharashtra State: Thane was initially a residential suburb of Mumbai, which has now grown into a large industrial complex of chemicals, engineering products, and textiles. There are several historical buildings, including a fort and several churches. Thane city is also the district headquarters of Thane district. Thane's original name was Sristhanaka named after Lord Ganpati as the word means the residence of Lord Ganesh. Geographically, forming part of the Konkan lowlands, it comprises the wide amphitheater like basin of the Ulhas and the hilly Vaitarna valley together with plateaus skirting the Sahyadrian scarp. The rivers of the district mainly belong to two river streams of the North Konkan, namely the Ulhas and the Vaitarna, both draining the rainy western slopes of the Sahyadri that lie between the Bhor and the Thal Ghats. History: The first railway train ran between Thane and Mumbai on April 16, 1853. However, its present-day name is said to be derived from "Sthan" or "Sthanaka", the capital of the Shilahara Kings of Konkan. Evidences say that the Thane appears in the works of the Greek geographer, Ptolemy, who, in his writings (l35 - 150 AD) refers to a place called "Chersonesus", which, according to researchers is the area around Thane creek. Slabs and copper plates dating back to the period Middle Ages have been discovered at the place. One of them, dug up from the foundations of Thane Fort in 1787, dated 1078

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AD, is apparently a land grant from Arikesara Devaraja, sovereign of the city of Tagara, wherein he address the inhabitants of a city called Sri Sthanka. The great Venetian traveler Marco Polo, too, in the course of his wandering set of foots in Thane in 1290 AD. Another great traveler, Friar Jordanus, who visited the city between AD 1321 and l324, describes it as being under a Muslim governor. He leaves a detailed sketch of early Christians in Thane and refers to the martyrdom of four Christian priests in the region, more than 200 years before the Portuguese ever-set foot in India. Duarte Barbosa, a noted traveler, described Thane by the name Tana Mayambu 25 years before the Portuguese conquest. The Portuguese came here in 1530 and ruled for over 200 years till 1739. Thane was then known as "Cacade de Tana". Work on the Thane Fort began in 1730. The Marathas, who conquered Bassein (Vasai) and Thane in l737 and 1739, held sway over the region till 1784 when the British captured the Fort and ruled Thane, then also called "Tanna". They made it the headquarters of the district administration with a district collector stationed in Thane. PRIME ATTRACTIONS Masunda Talao: There are around 23 lakes in the city, which are worth a visit. The most important and beautiful of them all is the Masunda Talao, termed by the locals as Talao Pali. The lake offers boating facilities to anyone and everyone including a little space to the love struck ones. Water scooters are also available here. For the ardent foodies, Talao Pali is the right place to binge. Yeoor Hills: The Yeoor Hills offer nature at its bountiful best. This pollution free zone is a great getaway from the daily traffic hassles and hazardous life. These hills are also called as the "Mama Bhanja Hills" and a visit to the Swami's Math is a must. Tikuji-Ni-Wadi: Tikuji-ni-Wadi is another place, which is visited by people frequently. Food and accommodation facilities are also available over here. Essel World: Essel World, the amusement park, is located at Gorai, at a distance from the hub of the city. The main attractions here are the 34 rides that comprise of roller coasters, rainbows, bumping cars. Tourists can access this place from Marve, Bhayander or Borivali. Special bus services are also available to reach this place. Water Kingdom is just next to Essel World and claims that it has the largest wave pool in Asia. Water World: Close to Virar at a distance of around 3 - 4-km, is the Water World. It covers slides and splashes, swimming pool, discotheque, food, lodging and play places for kids. Nearby are the beautiful beaches of Gorai, Aksa, Madh, and Marve. Further, there are places like Alibaug, Chawl, Manori, and Murud-Janjira, which are worth visiting. Bassein (Vasai): Bassein or Vasai is the settlement located on the western coast about 48-km to the north of Mumbai on the right or the north bank of the Thane creek. The Portuguese ruins, which are nearly hid by palm groves and brushwood, stand about fifteen feet above water level on a low flat plot of land. The southwest point of the rich and well-wooded tract, which, being cut off from the mainland by the Gokhivra or Sopara creek, was formerly known as Vasai Island. Titwala Ganesh Mandir: Titwala is about 75-km from Mumbai located in Thane district, Maharashtra. It is considered as sacred pilgrim center as it houses Mahaganesh Temple and the temple of Shri Vithoba. There is also a fascinating temple dedicated to Ambarnath, dating back to the 11th century, which was built in the 'Hemadpanti' style of architecture. Ambarnath: Ambarnath is a rapidly growing municipal town in the Ulhasnagar Tehsil. It derives its name from a shrine dedicated to god Ambarnath or "Ambareshwar" also known as "Amarnath". The town has a temple of Shiva from where its name has been derived and Amarnath means immortal Lord, a name of Shiva.

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Ganeshpuri: Hallowed by the residence of Swami Nityanand Maharaj, Ganeshpuri is a small township about 75-km from Mumbai and 18-km kilometers from Bhivandi. Even before Swami Nityanand Maharaj hallowed the place it was famous for hot-water springs. In front of the temple dedicated to Shri Bhimeshwar, there are four 'Kundas', which according to the local tradition are said to have been built for 800 years ago. Water collected in one of the Kundas flows to the second; from they’re to third and subsequently to fourth from where it flows to into the river. Suddhagad Fort: Sudhagadh Fort is located near Pali- a famous pilgrimage center in Maharashtra. It is one of the rarely visited forts in Konkan region. The fort is one among those forts, which are still in good condition. It can be covered during a trip to Pali and Mahad in Ashtavinayak. Kashi Mira: Kashi and Mira are two villages in Thane Taluka located close to each other. The surroundings of the two villages abound in natural beauty and scenery. Just after leaving the check-post at Dahisar is an open surface with the backdrop of hills with zigzag paths leading up the hills. And it is this flushy background that has given these two villages the name "Kashimira". Jawhar Palace: It is called the "Mahabaleshwar of Thane District", when compared in beauty and climate. And places to see are the majestic Dadara Kopra Falls, Jai Vilas, the palace of the tribal kings, the Hanuman and Sunset Points and the enthralling Shirpamal, where Shivaji chose to camp on his way to Surat. Jawhar also offers you the unique opportunity to expose and enlighten yourself with the tribal way of life especially with the Warli paintings. Matheran: Matheran is a fascinating hill-station about 80-km to the east of Mumbai in Alibag district, situated at an altitude of 800m. This little hill paradise has been left largely undisturbed, since the time when an Englishman, Hugh Mallet, Collector of Thane, discovered it in 1850 and declared it a fine place for shady walks. Matheran is the closest hill station to Mumbai and Pune. Ideally suited for the weekend Matheran provides a break from the city. Perched on top of a hill and enveloped in shady trees, Matheran is ringed by walking tracks. The views from the look out, which drop sheer to the plains, is fantastic. On clean days it is even possible to see Mumbai from Hart Point. HOW TO GET THERE Air: Thane is about 25-kms from the international airport at Mumbai and 35-kms from the main down town Mumbai. Rail: Thane has got a railway station and many trains pass connecting it with the major cities of Maharashtra. Road: Thane is well connected by road. Regular private and state owned buses are available to almost all the parts of the state. GENERAL INFORMATION Population: 803,389 (1991 census) Climate: Tropical Temperature range (deg c) Summer: 32.37°C to 34.57°C Rainfall: 250 - 300 mm Clothing: Light cotton NEARBY CITIES Bassein (Vasai): 48-km Titwala: 110-km Matheran: 105-km Ganeshpuri: 110-km

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Also Spelt As: Yeotmal The Name Is Derived From: Yot Lohara Yavatmal is located in the northeastern part of Maharashtra State. Yavatmal is 500-ft (460m) above sea level, which is also a district administrative center. It is also spelt "Yeotmal" and lies on major routes to Nagpur, Mumbai and Hyderabad. The surrounding region of Yavatmal presents a contrast between the river valleys in the north and the south and the drier plateau in the center. The region, as a whole, awaits development. Yavatmal is one of the smallest districts in the state in respect of the population, and fairly on the high side in respect of the area. Amravati District in the east, Nanded District and Andhra Pradesh State in the south and Akola and Parbhani districts in the west surround it. The chief rivers of the district are Wardha and Penganga, both of which flow respectively along of the northern and southern boundaries of the district. Each has many small tributaries. The whole district is occupied by small east west Range of Ajanta Mountains. According to Ain-I-Akbari, it derived its name from "Yot Lohara". 'Yot' being an Urdu corruption of 'Yavata' the original name of the town and Lohara, the name of another village about 5-km to its west. Subsequent to the merger of the village Lohara in the town, it came to be known as Yeotmal from Yavat the original name of the town. PRIME ATTRACTIONS The district has poor heritage of art, architecture, and archaeology. But there are some beautiful temples and other objects of interest. Some of these are at Wani and Moho village in Darwha Tehsil. The temple of Mahadeo in Moho is very beautiful and a large number of visitors visit this temple on every 'Chaitra Amavasya'. Tipeshwar Wild Life Sanctuary: Tipeshwar wild life sanctuary is located in Pandarkawada Tehsil of Yavatmal district of Vidarbha region covering an area of 148.63sq-km. Many villages surround the sanctuary and due to this there is a tremendous pressure on sanctuary resources for timber, firewood, bamboo and MFP collection. The hilly and undulating terrain makes the protection work difficult. Painganga sanctuary: The Painganga sanctuary is located in the Umerkhed Tehsil of Yavatmal district. The area is mostly low undulating terrain divided by a wide valley in central region adjoining the district bounded of Nanded and Yavatmal. HOW TO GET THERE Yavatmal is well connected by rail and road with the neighbouring towns and cities of the state GENERAL INFORMATION Population: City 108,578 (1991 Census) Area: 13582 sq.km Climate: Tropical Clothing: Cotton Clothes

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