000 Nursing School Necessities Cheat Sheet

Nursing School Necessities Cheat Sheet NORMAL VITAL SIGNS Infant (0-12 months)

Child (1-11 years)

Adult (12+ years)

 Heart Rate: 100-160 beats per minute

 Heart Rate: 70-120 beats per minute

 Heart Rate: 60-100 beats per minute

 Respiration (0-6 months): 30-60 breaths per minute

 Respiration (1-5 years): 20-30 breaths per minute

 Respiration: 12-20 breaths per minute

 Respiration (6-12 months): 24-30 breaths per minute

 Respiration (6-11 years): 12-20 breaths per minute

 Blood Pressure: 120/80 mm Hg

 Blood Pressure (0-6 months): 65-90/45-65 mm Hg

 Blood Pressure: 90-110/55-75 mm Hg

 Temperature: 98.6° F or 37°C

 Blood Pressure (6-12 months): 80-100/55-65 mm Hg

 Temperature: 98.6° F or 37°C

 Temperature: 98.6° F or 37°C LAB VALUES Hematology Values

 Red Blood Cells: 4.5-5.0 million

Coagulation Parameters

 Coumadin (Warfarin)

 Hemoglobin (Male):14-18 g/dL



 Hemoglobin (Female): 12-16 g/dL



 Hematocrit (Male): 42-54%



 Hematocrit (Female): 36-48%

 

Chemistry Values Blood Glucose: 70-110 mg/dL Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN): 7-22 mg/dL Creatinine: 0.6-1.35 mg/dL Specific Gravity: 1.010-1.030

 Potassium: 3.5-5 mEq/L

Prothrombin Time (PT): 11-14 seconds (normal), 16-28 seconds (therapy) International Normalized Ratio (INR): 0.8-1.2 (normal), 2.0-3.0 (therapy) Antidote: Vitamin K Partial Thromboplastin Time (PTT): 25-35 seconds (normal), 38-70 seconds (therapy) Antidote: Protamine Sulfate Arterial Blood Gas Values

   

 Calcium: 8.5-10.9 mg/L  Magnesium: 1.5-2.5 mEq/L

Bicarbonate (HCO3): 22-28 mEq/L

 Digoxin: 0.5-2.0 ng/mL

Carbon Dioxide (PaCO2): 35-45 mEq/L

 Lithium: 0.8-1.5 mEq/L

Oxygen (PaO2): 80-100 mEq/L

 Theophylline: 10-20 mcg/dL

ROME: Respiratory Opposite – Metabolic Equal -

Respiratory Acidosis: pH ↓

CO2 ↑

HCO3 ↑

Albumin: 3.9-5.0 g/dL

-

Metabolic Acidosis:

pH ↓

CO2 ↓

HCO3 ↓

ALT: 8-37 IU/L

-

Respiratory Alkalosis: pH ↑

CO2 ↓

HCO3 ↓

-

Metabolic Alkalosis:

pH ↑

CO2 ↑

HCO3 ↑

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 Chloride: 95-105 mEq/L

Therapeutic Drug Values

Protein: 6.2-8.1 g/dL

AST: 10-34 IU/L

 Sodium: 135-145 mEq/L

 Phosphorus: 2.5-4.5 mg/L

 Heparin/Lovenox/Dalteparin

 White Blood Cells: 5,000-10,000

       

Serum electrolytes

 Dilantin: 10-20 mcg/dL

MEDICATION ADMINISTRATION 8 Rights of Medication Administration

Drug Schedules

1.

Right Patient: Use 2 identifiers

 Schedule I: Research use only

2.

Right Medication: Check label and order

 Schedule II: Requires written prescription

3.

Right Dose: Make sure order is appropriate amount

 Schedule III: Requires new prescription after six months

4.

Right Route: Make sure route is appropriate

5.

Right Time: Confirm frequency and last time given

 Schedule IV: Requires new prescription after six months

6.

Right Documentation: Document after given

 Schedule V: Dispensed as any other prescription or

7.

Right Reason: Confirm rationale for medication

8.

Right Response: Make sure the patient has the desired effect of the medication

OR five refills

without prescription if state law permits

Common Antidotes

         

Acetaminophen  Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) Certain poisons  Activated charcoal Digoxin  Digibind Benzodiazepines  Flmazenil (Romazicon) Beta Blockers/Calcium Channel Blockers  Glucagon Insulin  Dextrose Magnesium Sulfate  Calcium Gluconate Opioids and Narcotics  Naloxone (Narcan) Potassium  Albuterol or Kayexalate Alcohol  Thiamine

CONVERSION CHART Prefix

Symbol

Factor

 Kilo-

 k

 1,000

 Deci-

 d

 0.1

 Centi-

 c

 0.01

 Milli-

 m

 0.001

 Micro

 μ

 0.000,001

PROCESSES AND METHODS Volume

Mass/Time

Height/Temperature

 1 mL = 1 cubic centimeter (cc)

 1 oz = 28 grams (g)

 1 cm = .01 m

 1 mL = 15 drops (gtt)

 16 oz = 1 pound (lb)

 2.54 cm = 1 inch

 5 mL = 1 teaspoon (tsp)

 1 lb = 2.2 kilograms (kg)

 Height is measured in cm

 15 mL = 3 tsp = 1 tablespoon (tbsp)

 1 kg = 1000 g Fahrenheit to Celsius

 30 mL = 1 ounce (oz) = 2 tablespoons  8 oz = 1 cup (c)  2 cups = 1 pint (pt)

Military time

Subtract 32

-

0000 or 2400 = midnight

2.

Multiply by 5

3.

Divide by 9

-

12:00 am – 12:59 pm keep the same value

 2 pints = 1 quart (qt)

-

After 12:59, simply add 12 to the time.

 4 quarts = 1 gallon (gal)

-

Examples: 1:00 am + 12 = 1300 hours

 1 gallon = 3.79 liters (L)

-

5:38 pm + 12 = 1738 hours

-

11:05 pm + 12 = 2305 hours

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1.

Celsius to Fahrenheit 1.

Multiply by 9

2.

Divide by 5

3.

Add 32

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