Word Lsit 2

S.No. WORD FORM MEANING SENTENCE SYNONYMS ANTONYMS OTHER FORMS 1. Effrontery Noun Bold or arrogant behavior (as to be insulting) without any feeling of shame. (a) He had the effrontery to accuse me of lying. (b) What effrontery to barge (to enter or intrude suddenly or rudely) in uninvited. Impudence, Nerve, Confidence, Shameless, Impertinence. Modesty, Diffidence, Respect

2. Empirical Adj. (a)Based on observation or experiment (b) an empirical treatment of a disease about which little is known (a) They have no empirical evidence of the crime. (b) The old sailor had a good empirical knowledge of navigation. Experimental, Observed, Pragmatic, Practical, First-hand, Experiential. Theoretical, Second-hand.

3. Emulate Verb To take as a model or follow the example of (a) She is keen to emulate her sister’s sporting achievements. (b) Politicians would do well to emulate Mahatma Gandhi. Imitate, Copy, Follow, Mimic

4. Endemic Noun (a) Constantly found in a particular area (b) Restricted/ native to one place or area (c) Originating where it is found (a) Malaria is endemic in many warm countries. (b) Plants endemic to India are being exported to different countries. Widespread, Prevalent, Common, Rife, Indigenous Alien, Foreign

5. Enervate Verb To exhaust or time out Long march in the sun enervated the soldiers. Weaken, Faze Debilitate, Unnerve, Exhaust Energize, Strengthen, Quicken, Stimulate, Perk up

6. Engender Verb To give rise to or bring about Some people believe that poverty engenders crime. Produce, Cause, Create, Simulate, Provoke, Prompt, Precipitate Crush, Kill, End

7. Ephemeral Adj. Lasting for a very short time. (a) Journalism is important but ephemeral. (b) Happiness is ephemeral and should be valued. (c) the ephemeral joys of childhood Transient, Passing, Brief, Fleeting, Momentary, Short-lived, Temporary, Fugacious Lasting, Permanent

8. Equanimity Noun The quality of being calm esp. in difficult situations. (a) She is facing the prospect of her operation with cheerful equanimity.

(b) We must have equanimity during times of crisis.

Composure, Calmness, Self-control, Poise, Equability, Steadiness, Unflappability

Panic, Hysteria, Agitation

9. Equivocate Verb To talk about something in a way i.e., deliberately not clear in order to hide the truth or mislead people. He equivocated that he wasn’t aware of any objections to the plan. Prevaricate, Fudge, Vacillate, Quibble, Evade, Be ambiguous.

10. Erudite Adj. Very knowledgeable through studies An erudite professor Learned, Scholarly, Knowledgeable, Cultured, Intellectual

11. Esoteric Adj. (a) likely to be understood only by people with a special knowledge or interest (b) secret or confidential or concealed Some fields of science seem hopelessly esoteric to a layman. Obscure, Mysterious, Cryptic, Arcane, Abstruse, Impenetrable, Incomprehensible

Obvious, Public, Plain

12. Euphemism Noun (a) A mild, restrained expression (b) Inoffensive expression (a) Pass away is a euphemism for dying. (b) The Government admitted that there were problems in a mild euphemism given the thousands of people without food, water or shelter.

13. Exculpate Verb To free from blame or show that somebody is not guilty of something He has fortunately been exculpated from the charges of forgery. Clear, Pardon, Exonerate, Absolve, Acquit, Discharge, Assoil Convict, Blame, Accuse

14. Exigency Noun An emergency or an urgent need A ship’s captain should be able to cope with any exigency. Demand, Pressure, Necessity, Need, Emergency, Requirement, Constraint, Contingency, Crisis, Pinch

15. Extrapolation Noun Estimation of something unknown from the facts or information i.e. available These extrapolations for the future are based on the present rate of development. Prediction, Estimation, Forecast, Inference

16. Facetious Adj. Trying to be amusing in a way considered inappropriate I found his facetious remarks very annoying. Teasing, Amusing, Comical, Jocular Solemn, Grave, Serious

17. Fallacious Adj. Misleading or based on error; intended to deceive Fallacious arguments are hard to disprove. Untrue, Wrong, Deceptive, Misleading, Mythical, Erroneous, Misconception, Misapprehension, Delusion Consistent, Logical, Rational

18.

Fatuous Adj. Silly, stupid or unintelligent He is so fatuous; he thinks he is the most intelligent student in the class. Idiotic, Silly, Stupid, Childish, Pointless, Inane Meaningless, Foolish, Witless, Vacuous Sensible, Judicious, Sage

19. Fawning Verb/ Adj. Seek favor by flattery; Trying to please somebody; Enthusiastic affection. (a) Fawning courtiers were common in king’s courts. (b) The waiters fawned over the guests in hopes of a tip. Flattering, Submissive, Toadying, Sycophantic, Servile, Obsequious, Boot-licking Assertive, Insulting

20. Felicitous Adj. (a) Appropriate or highly suitable (b) Pleasant (c) Fortunate or happy (a) Weddings are felicitous occasions for Indian families. (b) The young man searched for a felicitous last line for his poem. Fortunate, Lucky, Blessed, Fortuitous, Joyful, Happy, Propitious, Fortunate Inappropriate, Awkward, Unfortunate

21.

Fledgling

Chicken, Hatchling

22. Flaunt Verb (a) To show off (b) Brandish, Wave, Sport (a) We know he is very rich. He doesn’t need to flaunt all his wealth. (b) Everyone along the parade route seemed to be flaunting red flags. Exhibit, Display, Parade, Boast Conceal, Mask, Hide, Screen

23. Flout Verb To show contempt for something I advised him not to flout the rules or he would be severely punished. Disobey, Break, Ignore, Defy, Contravene Obey, Follow

24. Foment Verb

(a) Try to stir up public opinion (b) Bathe with warm water or medicated He did his best to foment a quarrel between the friends. Stimulate, Stir up, Provoke, Increase, Fuel, Encourage, Generate, Incite, Foster, Instigate Quell, Curl, Suppress, Restrain

25. Forestall Verb To prevent something The labor and the management department have agreed on a temporary settlement, thereby forestalling a strike.

Prevent, Avert, Preclude, Pre-empt, Hinder, Obviate, Thwart, Anticipate, Avert, Wand off

Bolster, Foster

26. Frugality Noun Being economical

Thrift, Stinginess, Parsimony, Prudence, Economy Generosity, Extravagance, Wastefulness

27.

Garrulous Adj. Very talkative She is garrulous that one doesn’t get a chance to utter a word while she is talking. Talkative, Chatty, Voluble, Loquacious, Gabby Taciturn, Reticent, Reserved

28. Goad (a) Verb (b) Noun (a) Cause something to act (b) something that encourage an activity or process; process to begin or develop (a) His friend goaded him to ask for a race.

(a) Provoke, Drive, Prod, Push, Sting, Stir, Spur, Stimulate, Urge, Incite (b) Incentive, Stimulant, Inducement (b) Hold back, Detriment, Deter, Keep back

29. Grandiloquent Adj. Lofty in style The grandiloquent speech went on for an hour. Pompous, Verbose, Pretentious, Over-bearing, Grandiose, Bombastic Straight-forward, Simple, Direct, Low keyed

30.

Gregarious Adj.

He is a gregarious man and loves parties. Outgoing, Social, Extroverted, Expressive, Expansive, Unreserved, Companionable, Convivial, Sociable Unsociable, Solitary, Loner

31. Guileless Adj. Naïve trusting (free of deceit), Expressing views carefully

The child gave guileless answers to all my queries. Frank, Candid, Open, Honest, Ingenuous, Straight-forward Cunning, Deceitful, Crafty, Fraudulent

32. Gullible Adj. Willing to believe anything or anyone; Easily deceived The gullible young man was cheated of all his money by a crook. Naïve, Susceptible, Innocent, (Over)Trusting, Credulous, Unsuspicious Smart, Untrusting, Suspicious

33. Harangue

A long aggressive speech that criticizes somebody or something or tries to persuade somebody to do something

Berate, Lecture, Criticize, Rant, Address, Tirade, Scold, Sermonize

34. Hyperbolic Adj. Language that is deliberately and obviously exaggerated to effect “He is as rich as a king” would be hyperbolic statement. (n) Overstatement, Exaggeration, Extravagant statement (n) Understatement, (a) Downplay, Underplay Hyperbole – n 35. Iconoclastic Adj. Attacking popular beliefs or established customs His iconoclastic statements have made him unpopular among his friends. Revolutionary, Non-conformist, Radical (a)Conforming (n) Conformist, Assenter

36. Immutable Adj. That can’t be changed or that will never change

His immutable principles have brought him fame and success. Unchallengeable, Absolute, Unassailable, Incontrovertible, Indisputable, Undeniable, Irreversible, Unalterable Changeable, Flexible

37. Impede Verb To stop the progress or the movement of somebody or something Completion of building was impeded by the disturbed weather. Obstruct, Delay, Hinder, Hamper, Encumber, Block, Retard, Check Assist, Promote

38. Imperturbable Adj. Not easily troubled or worried (a) The usually imperturbable man showed signs of anxiety. (b) He is one of those imperturbable people who never get upset. Collected, Calm, Composed, Cool, Steady, Serene, Level -headed Perturbable, Touchy

39. Impervious Adj. (a) not allowing water, gas, etc. to pass through (b) to or not affected by something (c) unmoved by something (emotional sense)

(a) The firemen wore masks that were impervious to the acrid smoke. (b) The beautiful lady seemed impervious to the ravages of age. (c) The stubborn man seemed impervious to reasons. Impermeable, Solid, Resistant, Unreceptive, Unbending, Inflexible, Unyielding, Impenetrable Susceptible, Vulnerable, Liable, Exposed to something

40. Implacable Adj. That can’t be changed or satisfied It was impossible to negotiate with such an implacable enemy. Pitiless, Cruel, Merciless, Relentless, Ruthless, Cold-hearted, Callous, Unappeasable Appeasable, Tolerant

41. Implicit Adj. (a) Implied but not suggested directly (b) Unquesting or absolute (a) There was an implicit threat in the e-mail message. (b) Have implicit faith in your abilities. (a) Understood, Implied, Hidden, Unspoken, Contained, Couched, Inherent, Embedded, Deducible (b) Innate, Inherent

Explicit, Obvious

42. Inadvertent Adj. (of action) Something which is unintentional and not done intentionally/ deliberately The newspaper apologized for the inadvertent slip or omission of the name of the CEO. Unintentional, Involuntary, Unintended, Unplanned, Chance, Accidental, Unpremeditated Premeditated, Deliberate, Intentional

43. Inchoate Adj. Just begun and ended; Not fully formed or developed Being inexperienced, his inchoate ideas were ignored by others. Unclear, Embryonic, Unformed, Undeveloped, Tentative, Amorphous Mature, Developed, Ripened

44. Incongruous Adj. Strange because not in harmony with the surroundings (a) Formal dresses look incongruous in informal parties. (b) Such traditional methods seem incongruous in the modern technical age. Incompatible, Inappropriate, Inconsistent, Absurd, Odd, Strange, Bizarre, Outlandish Congruous, Fitting, Appropriate

45. Inconsequential Adj.

Unimportant or irrelevant (a) The matter is too inconsequential to worry about. (b) I paid no heed to his inconsequential questions. Unimportant, Minor, Trivial, Insignificant, Petty, Negligible, Trifling Important, Consequential, Significant, Momentous

46. Indeterminate Adj. Not clear or vague The acting superintendent will sense the institution for an indeterminate period. Undefined, Indefinite, Undetermined, Unfixed, Vague, Imprecise, Uncertain, Unspecified Definite, Determined, Specified, Clear

47. Innocuous Adj. Not intended to offend (a) The play was innocuous to quickly forgotten. (b) The old man exchanged innocuous gossip over lunch. Inoffensive, Safe, Harmless, Mild, Innocent, Bland Offensive, Truthful, Damaging, Insidious

48. Insinuate Verb (a) To suggest something bad about something/ someone (b) To push oneself to get a position (To get oneself into a position of

advantage)

(a) The article in the newspaper insinuated that the team had been bribed. (b) The social climber insinuated herself into the group (a) Imply, Suggest, Hint, Intimate, Indicate, Allude to (b) Ingratiate, Push artfully, Wheedle (a) State categorically

49. Intractable

Stubborn; Not easily dealt with or appeared The intractable child refused to obey his parents. Stubborn, Obstinate, Obdurate, Willful, Inflexible, Difficult, Head strong Easy-going, Tractable, Docile, Submissive, Compliant

50. Inured (used in passive form with ‘ed’) Verb To make oneself able to tolerate something unpleasant so that one is hardly affected by it anymore (a) After living her for years, I have become inured to the damp climate. (b) Sadly, the world has become inured to such kind of outrages. Trained, Habituated, Hardened, Accustomed Untrained, Susceptible, Vulnerable, Open to

51.

Irascible Adj. (of a person) Easily made angry The irascible old man is constantly picking fights. Irritable, Touchy, Testy, Petulant, Grumpy, Snappish, Hot-tempered Amiable, Placid, Gentle, Easy-going

52. Harangue (a) Verb, (b) Noun (a) To deliver a harangue to somebody (a) The commander harangued the troops just before the butler which shook their confidence. (b) He suddenly launched into a harangue about declining public morals. (a) Berate, Criticize, Sermonize (b) Tirade Praise, Appreciate