What Is Drama.docx

What is Drama – In literature, a drama is the portrayal of fictional and non fictional events through the performance of written dialog. The term ‘drama’ comes from a Greek word meaning; action’ which is derived from ‘I Do’. The two makes associated with drama represent the traditional generic division between comedy and tragedy. In literature, a drama is the portrayal of fictional or non-fictional events through the performance of written dialog (either prose or poetry). Dramas can be performed on stage, on film, or the radio. Dramas are typically called plays, and their creators are known as “playwrights” or “dramatists.” Types of Drama Dramatic performances are generally classified into specific categories according to the mood, tone, and actions depicted in the plot. Some popular types of drama include: 

Comedy: Lighter in tone, comedies are intended to make the audience laugh and usually come to a happy ending. Comedies place offbeat characters in unusual situations causing them to do and say funny things. Comedy can also be sarcastic in nature, poking fun at serious topics. There are also several sub-genres of comedy, including romantic comedy, sentimental comedy, a comedy of manners, and tragic comedy—plays in which the characters take on tragedy with humor in bringing serious situations to happy endings.

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Tragedy: Based on darker themes, tragedies portray serious subjects like death, disaster, and human suffering in a dignified and thought-provoking way. Rarely enjoying happy endings, characters in tragedies, like Shakespeare's Hamlet, are often burdened by tragic character flaws that ultimately lead to their demise.

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Farce: Featuring exaggerated or absurd forms of comedy, a farce is a nonsensical genre of drama in which characters intentionally overact and engage in slapstick or physical humor. Examples of farce include the play Waiting for Godot by Samuel Beckett and the hit 1980 movie Airplane!, written by Jim Abrahams.

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Melodrama: An exaggerated form of drama, melodramas depict classic onedimensional characters such as heroes, heroines, and villains dealing with sensational, romantic, and often perilous situations. Sometimes called “tearjerkers,” examples of

melodramas include the play The Glass Menagerie by Tennessee Williams and the classic movie of love during the Civil War, Gone With the Wind, based on Margaret Mitchell’s novel. 

Opera: This versatile genre of drama combines theater, dialogue, music, and dance to tell grand stories of tragedy or comedy. Since characters express their feelings and intentions through song rather than dialogue, performers must be both skilled actors and singers. The decidedly tragic La Bohème, by Giacomo Puccini, and the bawdy comedy Falstaff, by Giuseppe Verdi are classic examples of opera.

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Docudrama: A relatively new genre, docudramas are dramatic portrayals of historic events or non-fictional situations. More often presented in movies and television than in live theater, popular examples of docudramas include the movies Apollo 13 and 12 Years a Slave, based on the autobiography written by Solomon Northup.

Movie Analysis – In modern days movie or film analysis became one of the important part of every film industry. In recent times one movies successfulness or unsuccessfulness is highly dependable on its analysis by different film expert. Meaning of Movie or film analysis – Film analysis is the process in which a film is analyzed in terms of mise-en-scène, cinematography, sound, and editing. One way of analyzing films is by the shot-by-shot analysis, though that is typically used only for small clips or scenes. Film analysis is closely connected to film theory. Different authors suggest various approaches to film analysis. Jacques Aumont and Michel Marie in their publication Analysis of Film propose several key points regarding film analysis. (1) There is general method of film analysis, (2) film analysis can never be concluded as there will always be something more to explore and

(3) it is necessary for one to have knowledge about film history in order to perform a film analysis. They recognize various types of approaches: (1) Text-based film analysis (structural approach), (2) Topic based analysis (narrative approach), (3) Picture and sound approach (iconic analysis), (4) Psychoanalytical approach and (5) Historical approach. Another methodology is suggested by Thomas and Vivian Sobchack in their publication Introduction to film. They suggest viewer can observe following elements: (1) analysis of film space, (2) analysis of film time and (3) film sound. As they focus mainly on iconic aspects of film they further propose additional elements: the image, tone, composition, and movement. Needs and Importance of Movie Analysis – I.

It provides a clear picture about the movie, weather it is good or bad.

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Movie analysis provides information and discussion about particular movies different sides like story, acting, plot for audience.

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A bias free movie analysis helps the director to notice what mistakes are done in the movie.

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Another important thing is that a movie analysis helps the audience to decide whether it is watchable or not.

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One of the most important need and importance of movie analysis is that it helps the film industry to bring new things and present new ideas, concepts and uniqueness in the films.

Documentary - A documentary is a film or television or radio programme that gives facts and information about a subject.

A documentary film is a nonfictional motion picture intended to document some aspect of reality, primarily for the purposes of instruction, education, or maintaining a historical record. "Documentary" has been described as a "filmmaking practice, a cinematic tradition, and mode of audience reception" that is continually evolving and is without clear boundaries. Documentary films were originally called 'actuality' films and were only a minute or less in length. Over time documentaries have evolved to be longer in length and to include more categories, such as educational, observational, and even 'docufiction'. Documentaries are also educational and often used in schools to teach various principles. Social media platforms such as YouTube, have allowed documentary films to improve the ways the films are distributed and able to educate and broaden the reach of people who receive the information Types of Documentaryi.

Participatory documentaries-

Participatory documentaries believe that it is impossible for the act of filmmaking to not influence or alter the events being filmed. What these films do is emulate the approach of the anthropologist: participant-observation. Not only is the filmmaker part of the film, we also get a sense of how situations in the film are affected or altered by their presence. Nichols: "The filmmaker steps out from behind the cloak of voice-over commentary, steps away from poetic meditation, steps down from a fly-on-the-wall perch, and becomes a social actor (almost) like any other. The encounter between filmmaker and subject becomes a critical element of the film. ii.

Reflexive documentaries

Reflexive documentaries do not see themselves as a transparent window on the world; instead, they draw attention to their own contractedness, and the fact that they are representations. How does the world get represented by documentary films? This question is central to this subgenre of films. They prompt us to "question the authenticity of documentary in general." It is the most self-conscious of all the modes, and is highly skeptical of 'realism'. It may use Brechtian alienation strategies to jar us, in order to 'defamiliarize' what we are seeing and how we are seeing it.

iii. Performative documentaries Performative documentaries stress subjective experience and emotional response to the world. They are strongly personal, unconventional, perhaps poetic and/or experimental, and might include hypothetical enactments of events designed to make us experience what it might be like for us to possess a certain specific perspective on the world that is not our own. This subgenre might also lend itself to certain groups to 'speak about themselves.' Often, a battery of techniques, many borrowed from fiction or avant-garde films, are used. Performative docs often link up personal accounts or experiences with larger political or historical realities. iv.Educational Films Documentaries are shown in schools around the world in order to educate students. Used to introduce various topics to children, they are often used with a school lesson or shown many times to reinforce an idea. Needs and Importance of Documentary Films – i.

Documentary present important facts, data, information, and situation in front of audience.

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They serve as powerful tools that bring important topics to the table in a captivating way that also sparks conversation, and sometimes even social movements.

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Documentaries provide an opportunity to understand and connect with the world, they are also a great way to gather together with friends to watch and engage around the important issues of our times.

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They remind us of the real people on the opposite side of an issue, the complexity, and nuances of the different conditions in which we live, and the importance of honest and earnest discussions.

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Hearing and seeing these real experiences through the dedicated work of documentary filmmakers helps us put ourselves in the shoes of others, building bridges of empathy in a world that desperately needs our engagement and compassion

Biography – Biography is the story of the life of a person written by someone else, or the area of literature relating to books that describe such stories. Biography, or simply bio, is a detailed description of a person's life. It involves more than just the basic facts like education, work, relationships, and death; it portrays a person's experience of these life events. Unlike a profile a biography presents a subject's life story, highlighting various aspects of his or her life, including intimate details of experience, and may include an analysis of the subject's personality. Biographical works are usually non-fiction, but fiction can also be used to portray a person's life. One in-depth form of biographical coverage is called legacy writing. Works in diverse media, from literature to film, form the genre known as biography. Need and Importance of Biography – i.

Biography provides information about an individual’s unknown or known facts and information or data in a systematic way.

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Biography helps to make tell our story to the future generations and keep our legacy alive.

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Biographies help us to develop a different perspective of life. Especially when we are in a situation where to take decisions regarding different sets of pepole the wisdom of reading biographies help a lot.

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It helps to know about a person closely because biography is combination of those pages which describes the life events and that person has went through, the mindset, the circumstances, the decisions, the struggles, the failures, the mistakes, relationship, work ethics, the dedication, the sacrifices that has given the ripen fruit as they got afterwards.

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Biography and Autobiography tells us the way a person has grown themselves in order to become the one that changed the world.

Importance of EPC in School Curriculum – a. For Course –  EPC provides a foundation for building a course which helps in bringing and development of creativity among the students.  Different topics of EPC like drama, art or physical activity helps the students to develop their aesthetic sensibilities.  Only knowledge of text books cannot helps the students to survive in the modern age. They have to learn about other activities also like development of self and it will help to acquire knowledge about outer world. B. For Students –  EPC helps in develop the confidence level of students. It builds students confidence level. There is something special about practicing in the arts or other programs of EPC. Getting up on a stage and singing, this gives the students a chance to build the confidence level strong.  EPC helps in growth of creativity of students.  EPC also helps in develop the motor skills and motor abilities.  EPC helps the students to show their inner talents and express their fillings. Activity like Art and Drama of EPC helps in expressing their fillings.  EPC develop the level of creativity of students.  EPC also helps to learn the students how to use the leisure time. 

EPC also helps the students to busy themselves in creative works.

 EPC develop the creativity of students.

For Teacher –  EPC helps a teacher to learn better ways to teach. EPC for teachers makes them more efficient in their presentations and course evaluations by exposing educators to new delivery method.  It helps the teacher to understand the student’s inner capabilities.

 It helps the teacher to build a strong relationship with students. Activity like drama and art helps the teacher to know the students from very close.  EPC programmes can enable teacher to expand knowledge base in different subject’s areas. The more professional development a teacher undergoes, the more knowledge and industry insight he/she gains.

Impact of EPC on personal Life – EPC not only plays an important role in education but also plays an important role in personal life. Different programmes’ of EPC has so many impacts in our personal life. Some of them are – 