Voc - The Individual In Society

Context 21 The Individual in Society: Active Vocabulary Lead-In (to) bear sth. in mind (task 4)

‘Thanks for your advice. I’ll ~ it in ~.’

etwas berücksichtigen; etwas im Gedächtnis behalten

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Words in Context: Individuals – The Building Blocks of Society human being (l. 1)

Human ~s are the most advanced species on earth.

Mensch, menschliches Wesen

social and geographical setting (l. 1)

The ~ and ~ setting of his childhood has greatly influenced him as an adult.

sozialer und geografischer Lebensraum

pattern of thought and behaviour (l. 3)

People’s ~s of ~ and ~ change over the course of their lives.

Denk- und Verhaltensmuster

(to) influence sb./sth. (l. 3)

The fact my brother is a doctor ~d my decision to study medicine at university.

jdn./etwas beeinflussen

value (l. 4)

Her parents taught her to have very strong family ~s.

Wert

habit (l. 4)

Going swimming every Saturday has become a ~ of mine.

Gewohnheit

identity (l. 6)

An individual’s sense of ~ depends on their cultural background.

Identität

self-image (l. 6)

Some teenagers suffer from a poor ~-image Selbstbild and lack of confidence.

well-being (l. 6)

He felt a wonderful sense of ~-being after he Wohlergehen had meditated.

(to be) aware of sth. (l. 7)

Children are often not ~ of the consequences of their actions.

(to be) conscious of sth.

The students are ~ of the fact that they must sich etwas bewusst sein do more to help people in need.

sich etwas bewusst sein

(l. 8) (to) motivate sb. (to do sth.) (l. 8)

Being on the basketball team ~d me to get fit.

jdn. veranlassen etwas zu tun

(to) interact with sb. (l. 9)

Babies start to ~ with their parents at a very young age.

mit jdm. interagieren

moral (adj) (l. 9)

It is not easy to make ~ judgement about whether euthanasia is wrong or right.

moralisch

(to) socialize with sb. (l. 10)

We enjoy ~ing with people with whom we have something in common.

mit jdm. Kontakt pflegen; mit jdm. gesellschaftlich verkehren

agreement (l. 12)

The neighbours came to an ~ about who Vereinbarung would clear away the rubbish after the street party.

tribal codex (l. 12)

This ancient ~ codex is accepted as the law in this region.

Stammeskodex

constitution (l. 12)

The US ~ was first drafted in 1787.

Verfassung

democracy

= a form of government where the people

Demokratie Page 1 of 6

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Context 21 The Individual in Society: Active Vocabulary (l. 17)

vote for their leaders

monarchy (l. 17)

= system of government which is ruled by a king or queen

Monarchie

dictatorship (l. 17)

= a government ruled by a dictator who has gained complete power over the country, often by using force

Diktatur

social and political structure (l. 17)

The ~ and ~ structures of this country were soziale und politische only established after the war ended. Struktur

subculture (l. 19)

= the behaviour or beliefs of a group of people in society which differs from the majority

Subkultur

voluntary (adj) (l. 20)

Last year I did six months’ ~ work in a hospital in Africa.

freiwillig

superior (adj) (l. 23)

The new mobile phone is technically ~ to the überlegen; other ones. qualitative besser

inferior (adj) (l. 23)

Although she had trained very hard she still felt ~ to the other athletes.

unterlegen; qualitativ schlechter

(to be) discriminated against (l. 24)

The employee said he was ~ against at his last company.

diskriminiert werden

attitude (l. 25)

You need to change your negative ~ if you want to achieve your goals!

Einstellung

shift (l. 26)

There has been a ~ in public opinion towards Wechsel; the political party. Verschiebung

circumstances (l. 27)

The boy missed a lot of school because of the difficult ~ at home.

Umstände, Situation

permanent change (l. 28)

Some metals undergo a ~ change when they are heated on a flame.

dauerhafte Veränderung

conformity (l. 29)

Few people can resist the pressures of ~ in society today.

Gleichförmigkeit, Konformität

mainstream (adj) (l. 29)

I don’t buy ~ fashion. I prefer shopping in the die breite Masse betreffend alternative markets in London.

(to) oppose sth. (l. 30)

The religious group is ~ed to the introduction gegen etwas sein, of the new law. sich gegen etwas stellen

(to) resort to violence (l. 32)

The protestors ~ed to ~ when their demands den Ausweg der Gewalt were not met by the government. suchen, gewalttätig werden

alternative lifestyle (l. 33)

The hippies lead an ~ lifestyle on a farm in Wales.

alternativer Lebensstil

(to) weep (wept, wept) (l. 2)

The mother w~ for her child killed in the earthquake.

weinen

(to) drill (l. 5)

They ~ed a hole in the wall to hang up the picture.

bohren

(to) preserve sth. (l. 6)

The president didn’t talk about the scandal because he wanted to ~ his reputation.

etwas erhalten

vanity

It was pure ~ which made her think she

Eitelkeit,

A2 What Makes Us Moral

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Context 21 The Individual in Society: Active Vocabulary (l. 6)

would win the contest!

Selbstgefälligkeit

(to) spoil (l. 16)

The food ~ed quickly because it was left in the sun too long.

verderben

(to) grasp sth. (l. 17)

Algebra is easy to ~ if you have a good teacher.

hier: etwas begreifen, erfassen

(to) comply (l. 19)

The teams must ~ with the rules or they will be banned from the game.

sich fügen, gehorchen

(to) hesitate (l. 20)

She ~ed before going on the stage because she was nervous.

zögern

(to) slaughter sb./sth.

The farmer ~ed the cattle using humane methods.

hier: jdn./etwas abschlachten

consistent (l. 29)

The results of the test are ~ with our theory.

einheitlich; übereinstimmend

(to) scatter sth. (l. 31)

The farmer ~ed the seeds all over the field.

etwas verstreuen, verteilen

(to) boot up sth. (l. 34)

I ~ed up the computer and started to do some research online.

hochfahren

notion (l. 43)

I reject the ~ that greed can have a positive effect on society.

Idee; Begriff

(to) favour sb./sth. (l. 47)

The teacher ~ed the new boy which made the other students angry.

jdn./etwas bevorzugen

troop (l. 47)

The ~ of monkeys lived in the jungle.

Truppe

bias (n) (l. 48)

The judge’s obvious ~ made the competition unfair.

Voreingenommenheit

delinquent (adj) (l. 49)

The ~ youngster was sent to prison when he straffällig was just 16 years old.

(to be) struck by sth. (l. 50)

The artist was suddenly ~ by an idea for a new painting.

von etwas getroffen sein

outrage (l. 51)

The environmentalists expressed ~ at the plans to build a new road.

Entrüstung, Empörung

(to) empathize with sb./sth. (l. 55)

I can really ~ with the character in this film.

sich in jdn./etwas hineinfühlen

alien (adj) (l. 55)

The idea of travelling through space is a completely ~ concept to me.

fremd

promiscuous

Her ~ use of commas made her essay unreadable.

hier: wahllos

(to) go on about sth. (l. 58)

Hannah went on ~ her new boyfriend for hours. It was so annoying!

hier: ständig über etwas reden

savagery (l. 65)

The acts of ~ committed during wars are truly shocking.

Brutalität

They took their ~ using a compass and set off on their journey.

sich orientieren

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(l. 29)

(l. 58)

A3 Carrying the Fire (to) take one’s bearings (l. 2)

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Context 21 The Individual in Society: Active Vocabulary twilight (l. 3)

= the period at the end of day when the sun has set and it starts to get dark

Dämmerung; Zwielicht

pike (AE) (l. 3)

= a wide road where traffic can travel fast but Schnellstraße one must pay a toll to use it

creek (AE) (l. 4)

= a small river or stream

Bach, kleiner Fluss

bank (l. 5)

Camilla sat down on the ~ of the river and dipped her toes into the water.

Ufer

(to) huddle (l. 5)

The animals ~d together under the trees, trying to keep warm.

kauern; sich zusammendrängen

lighter (l. 7)

‘Have you got a ~? I want to light some candles.’

Feuerzeug

(to) scrawl (l. 30)

He ~ed his name in the sand using a stick.

kritzeln, krakeln; schmieren

billboard (l. 31)

The ~ advertised the latest products.

Reklametafel; Plakatwand

(to) starve (l. 50)

Many people are ~ing as a result of the famine in the area.

verhungern

B1 The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (to) proclaim sth. (fact file, l. 2)

The religious fanatics ~ed their beliefs loudly. verkünden, ausrufen

distinction (fact file, l. 6)

No law should make a ~ between men and women.

Unterscheidung

dignity (l. 8)

Crime victims should be treated with ~ and respect.

Würde

(to) be endowed with sth.

She was ~ with beauty and intelligence.

über etwas verfügen; (von Natur aus) ausgestattet sein mit

conscience (l. 9)

She suffered from a guilty ~ after stealing from the shop.

Gewissen

spirit (l. 10)

By climbing Mount Everest she showed her adventurous ~.

Gesinnung

(l. 9)

B2 Living in Germany, i) Satan in Heaven xenophobia (introductory text)

We need to promote diversity and put a stop Angst vor Fremden; to ~ in our society! Fremdenfeindlichkeit

yearning for sth. (n) (l. 3)

The man had a nostalgic ~ for the village where he grew up.

purity (l. 3)

The ~ of the water from the mountain stream Reinheit; was amazing. Unschuld

breed (n) (l. 5)

There were hundreds of different ~s of cats at the cat show.

blunt (l. 15)

The minister has a reputation for ~ speaking. unverblümt, unverschämt

riot

The dissatisfied workers planned a ~ in front Aufstand;

Sehnsucht nach etwas

Rasse

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Context 21 The Individual in Society: Active Vocabulary (l. 16)

of the factory.

Aufruhr

no-go zone (l. 18)

Since the war started the country has become a no-go ~.

No-go-Area; Gebiet, in dem man sich nicht aufhalten sollte

racial (l. 24)

The city has a history of ~ violence between the minority groups.

auf die ethnische Herkunft bezogen

suit (l. 25)

All job applicants must wear a ~ to the interview.

Anzug

gender (heading)

Typical ~ roles are not as obvious as they used to be.

Geschlechterrolle; Geschlecht (soziologisch und biologisch)

scholar (l. 4)

The ~ knew about the ancient civilization in detail.

Wissenschaftler

inch (= 2.54 cm) (l. 6)

I~ by ~ the climbers made their slow progress up the mountain.

hier: bisschen; Zoll

(to) admit sb. (l. 8)

They ~ted the boy to university in spite of his hier: jdn. aufnehmen; low grades. akzeptieren

scholastic (adj) (l. 9)

His impressive ~ achievements helped him to find a good job.

akademisch

post (l. 15)

He has applied for the ~ of head teacher at the school.

Stelle

(to) label sb. as sth. (l. 29)

Kathy was unfairly ~ed as a naughty child at jdn. als etwas bezeichnen; school. jdn. als etwas abstempeln

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B3 The New Gender Gap?

(to) suspend sb. from sth. Harry was ~ed from his job after he was (l. 30) accused of stealing.

jdn. von etwas suspendieren; jdn. von etwas ausschließen

(to) outnumber (l. 33)

The protestors ~ed the police ten to one during the riots.

in der Überzahl sein

(to) reign (l. 35)

Our football team ~s over the others in the competition.

hier: der Beste sein

BA (abbr) = Bachelor of Arts (l. 35)

= a first degree from university in an arts subject (e.g. languages)

B.A., Bachelor of Arts

master’s degree = MA (abbr) = Master of Arts (l. 36)

= a second degree from university in an arts subject

M.A., Master of Arts, Masterabschluss

PhD (abbr) = Doctor of Philosophy (l. 42)

= a university degree at a very high level, Doktor(grad); given to someone who has done research in Promotion a particular field

(to) inherit sth. (l. 47)

He ~ed his intelligence from his mother and his wit from his father.

etwas erben

obstacle (l. 50)

Now that I’ve got my qualifications, there should be no more ~s to finding a job.

Hindernis

child-rearing (l. 51)

This book gives some great tips on child-~.

Kindeserziehung

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Context 21 The Individual in Society: Active Vocabulary C1 Helping Hands human trafficking (logos)

Human ~ affects thousands of people every year.

Menschenhandel

prospect (introductory text)

He is unemployed with no ~s for the future.

Chance, Aussicht

deliberate (ii), pre-reading task)

The film was a ~ attempt to show the government in a negative light.

bewusst; bedächtig

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C2 Into the Wild

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