Vegetable Industry Profile Of Lantapan,bukidnon

LANTAPAN VEGETABLE INDUSTRY PROFILE

MUNICIPALITY OF LANTAPAN Province of Bukidnon

Prepared by:

TABLE OF CONTENTS Part I. Introduction

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A. Overview B. Current Status of the Industry Part II. Executive Summary A. B. C. D. E.

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Barangays covered Firms/enterprises involved Current employment capacity of the industry Level of income of production Value and volume of production

Part III. Scope and Limitation

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Part IV. Structure of the Industry

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A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I.

Product coverage Geographical dispersion Market performance Production volume Resource assessment Support structure Supply-demand situation Major issues confronting sector Opportunities

Part V. Prospect of the Industry

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Part VI. Requirements of the Industry

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References

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INTRODUCTION A. Overview Vegetables are defined as herbaceous plant grown either conventionally or organically for its edible part. Conventional growing involves the application or use of commercially manufactured fertilizers and chemicals. While organic vegetables are grown with minimum reliance on artificial inputs and high level of management and taking into consideration the maintenance and feeding of the soil and not just the plant. In this paper the core industry that will be looked into is that of fresh vegetables in the Municipality of Lantapan, Bukidnon. According to the Municipal Agriculture Office (MAO) of Lantapan, Bukidnon there are 18 major kinds of vegetables grown in the municipality. They are classified into leafy, fruit-like and root vegetables. Aside from these, there are 250 lesser-known species utilized as vegetables concentrated in the rural areas. These are generally grown during the dry season. Among the major vegetables, the institutional markets have identified tomato, sweet pepper, broccoli, celery, carrots and white potato. Under the Philippine Standard Industrial Classification (PSIC), vegetable industry falls under Major Division A that is Agriculture, Hunting and Forestry. It is under Division 01, Growing of Crops and under Group 017, growing of vegetables, roots and tuber crops, horticulture specialties & nursery products. The specific classes range from 0171 up to 0184.

B. Current Status of the Industry 1.1 Vegetable Production a) World Production World vegetable production from 2002-2006 is steadily increasing (See Annex Table 1). This is lead by Asia by a wider margin over Europe, the second largest. In year 2006, Asia captured 72.51% of the world’s production, Europe 11.50% and Africa 6.49%. Table 1. World vegetable production by Continent (in metric tons), 2002-2006 Continent

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

Africa North America South America Asia Europe Oceania World Total

46,949,613 53,057,735 18,667,253 511,140,989 87,001,210 3,313,560 720,130,360

49,002,205 53,843,994 19,160,336 537,109,837 91,810,077 3,118,408 754,044,856

51,544,068 57,764,872 18,913,916 554,772,810 96,429,525 3,367,040 782,792,230

51,895,431 54,606,775 19,132,313 569,167,420 93,807,555 3,247,876 791,857,370

52,085,594 54,182,093 18,902,095 582,092,028 92,294,973 3,246,124 802,802,907

% Growth 2.65% 0.52% 0.33% 3.31% 1.56% (0.38%) 2.77%

Source: FAOSTAT | © FAO Statistics Division 2008

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The average annual growth rate from 2002 to 2006 of the world’s vegetable production is pegged at 2.77%. The top three continents in terms of average annual growth rate are Asia at 3.31%, followed by Africa at 2.65% and Europe at 1.56%. According to regional groupings, East Asia has the largest production in 2006 with 402.72 million metric tons, followed by South Asia with 105.17 million metric tons and North America with 37.57 million metric tons. This represents 50.2%, 13.1% and 4.7% to the total world production, respectively. b) Asian Production Asia’s vegetable production grew at an average of 3.31% from 2002 to 2006 (Table 7). In 2002, the region produced 511.140 million metric tons or 70.97% percent of the world’s total production. In 2001, this volume increased by 70.951 million metric tons increasing the region’s share to the world’s total vegetable production to 72.51%. In 2006, China led in vegetable production in Asia with 377.225 million metric tons or 64.80 percent of Asia’s total vegetable production. India and Turkey followed with 81.672 million metric tons and 21.917 million metric tons, respectively. The Philippines produced only 5.615 million metric tons or 0.96 percent of Asia’s total vegetable production. Table 2. Vegetable Production, Selected Asian Countries 2002-2006 (in metric tons) Continent/ Countries Asia China India Turkey Iran Japan Korea, South Vietnam Indonesia Philippines Pakistan Uzbekistan Myanmar Thailand

2002 511,140,989 327,236,910 70,778,500 21,250,067 11,272,000 11,744,394 10,012,857 7,000,000 6,136,986 5,081,498 4,146,182 2,935,970 3,644,322 2,738,115

2003 537,109,837 344,276,103 78,386,600 21,667,617 11,809,340 10,846,500 10,168,655 7,200,000 7,164,256 5,082,945 4,948,660 3,299,500 3,837,894 2,756,197

2004 554,772,810 354,778,362 80,344,543 21,522,546 11,635,578 11,110,000 11,022,484 7,369,963 7,609,427 5,741,691 4,364,275 3,336,019 3,824,667 2,928,036

2005 569,167,420 365,118,099 81,672,526 22,320,249 12,500,322 11,295,156 10,059,794 7,571,449 7,395,513 5,640,966 4,678,719 3,517,759 3,823,813 2,824,755

2006 582,092,028 377,225,870 81,672,526 21,917,617 12,500,632 11,205,056 10,360,012 7,571,449 7,408,013 5,615,524 5,055,878 4,256,641 3,823,813 2,798,971

Ave. Annual Growth 3.31% 3.62% 3.72% 0.80% 2.68% (1.09%) 1.05% 1.99% 5.08% 2.70% 5.70% 9.99% 1.24% 0.61%

Source: FAOSTAT | © FAO Statistics Division 2008

c) National Production The Philippines’ total vegetable production in the Philippines totaled to 5.615 million metric tons harvested from (Table 2) in 2002 to 2006 according to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). The average growth rate from 2002-2006 is pegged at 2.70%. Table 3 shows the production volume of selected vegetables in the Philippines. From 20022006, gourd (ampalaya, upo, etc.) grew at an annual average growth rate of 66.58%, followed by lettuce with 27.56%and asparagus with 16.96%. Garlic, onion, cauliflower, ___________________________________________________________________________ Vegetable Industry Profile-Municipality of Lantapan 4

mungbean and cabbage showed a decrease in production with annual average decrease of 6.15%, 5.75%, 3.76%, 1.26% and 0.03%, respectively. Table 3. Production volume (in metric tons) of selected vegetables, Philippines, 2002-1006 Crop Asparagus Broccoli Cabbage Camote Carrots Cauliflower Eggplant Gabi Garlic Ginger Gourd Habitchuelas Lettuce Mongo Okra Onion Chinese Pechay Pechay (Native) Tomato Ube White Potato TOTAL

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

12,566 1,634 91,368 549,392 34,512 12,284 179,659 101,155 16,257 23,022 33,926 11,847 1,495 27,351 25,254 96,358 34,885 39,684 149,259 26,238 67,540 1,535,686

15,211 1,669 91,982 546,971 34,666 12,324 176,991 100,705 15,529 22,616 128,387 11,549 1,579 25,985 22,992 93,842 34,894 41,288 150,055 27,884 68,050 1,625,169

22,367 1,757 92,782 545,147 35,784 12,007 182,753 102,274 14,999 24,063 124,251 11,856 1,721 26,472 24,913 86,741 35,432 41,339 172,344 28,526 69,456 1,656,984

25,231 2,072 91,439 574,629 35,418 10,641 187,793 109,700 13,234 24,700 120,423 12,049 3,386 26,748 25,958 82,019 37,062 43,578 173,740 29,256 70,160 1,699,236

21,938 2,265 91,243 566,773 35,694 10,489 191,911 111,942 12,581 27,261 113,421 13,493 3,348 25,955 26,709 75,978 37,171 43,077 175,596 30,074 69,461 1,686,380

Growth Rate 16.96% 8.66% (0.03%) 0.82% 0.86% (3.76%) 1.68% 2.60% (6.15) 4.41% 66.58% 3.44% 27.56% (1.26%) 1.62% (5.75%) 1.62% 2.11% 4.32% 3.48% 0.71% 2.39%

Source: Crop Statistics of the Philippines (National and Regional), Bureau of Agricultural Statistics, 2007

By island group (See Table 14), Luzon produced 1,372,957.32 MT representing 73.14% of the national total in 2007. Mindanao followed with 303,794.35 MT (16.18%) and Visayas with 200,374.32 (10.67%). In terms of area devoted to production of vegetables, Luzon leads with 130,803.28 hectares, representing 61.68% of the total Philippine area for vegetables. Mindanao followed with 44,100.23 hectares (20.79%) and Visayas with 37,168.58 (17.53%). The main vegetable production regions in the Philippines are the following: Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR) with 350,295.63 MT (18.66%); Ilocos Region with 287,582.80 (15.32%); Central Luzon with 242,528.69 (12.92%) and CALABARZON with 187,639.92 (10%). In Mindanao, Northern Mindanao leads the production of vegetables with 94,354.69 MT or 31.06% of the Mindanao total. Southern Mindanao (Davao Region) followed with 65,433.80 MT (21.54%) and Central Mindanao with 46,786.02 MT (15.40%). d) Regional Production Northern Mindanao’s vegetable production is at 140,699.20 metric tons in 2007. Data sourced from the Department of Agriculture-Regional Field Office 10 (Table 4) showing the production volume of selected vegetables produced within Northern Mindanao revealed that tomato has the highest production with 41.70 thousand metric tons produced in 2007. This is then followed by sweet potato (27.49 thousand MT), squash (10.77 thousand MT), ___________________________________________________________________________ Vegetable Industry Profile-Municipality of Lantapan 5

white potato (6.78 thousand MT), ginger (4.24 thousand MT), cabbage (3.57 thousand MT), gourds (3.50 thousand MT) and eggplant (3.26 thousand MT). In terms of growth rates from 2006-2007, broccoli topped with an annual average growth rate of 29.80%. Other vegetables with significant growth include cauliflower (27.32%), chayote (18.32%), ginger (17.28%), gabi (15.22%) and sweat peas (14.80%). On the other hand, production volume of asparagus, lettuce and gourd experienced negative growths decreased for the same period with annual average growth rates of 2.23%, 2.94% and 2.20%, respectively. Looking at the share of each province (Table 4) to the total vegetable production volume produced region-wide shows the province of Bukidnon as the top producer contributing almost half of the total volume produced in Northern Mindanao at 67,430.59 MT (47.93%). This is then followed by Misamis Oriental with 22.18%, Lanao del Norte with 19.04%, Misamis Occidental with 6.75% and Camiguin with 0.77%. Table 4. Vegetable production volume (in metric tons) in Region 10 with breakdown per province, 2005-2007 Volume of Production (MT) F F P 2005 2006 2007 Region 10 128,424.02 135,077.59 140,699.20 Bukidnon 62,295.55 65,248.64 67,430.59 Camiguin 1,032.80 1,031.34 1,083.33 Lanao del Norte 24,425.94 25,481.96 26,784.86 Misamis Occidental 8,291.84 8,556.88 9,494.49 Misamis Oriental 27,897.65 30,198.83 31,200.70 Source: DA-RFU 10; *F=Final; P=Preliminary Crops

Ave. Annual Growth Rate 4.67 4.04 2.45 4.72 7.08 5.78

% of Regional Total (2007) 100.00% 47.93% 0.77% 19.04% 6.75% 22.18%

In terms of production area for vegetables (Table 5), Northern Mindanao has 6,411 hectares planted with vegetables, a decrease of about 26.78% from 2006’s total of 8,756 hectares. From 2003-2007, Northern Mindanao’s growth in production area devoted to vegetables is only 0.51%. Bukidnon has the largest area devoted to vegetables in 2007 at 3,000 hectares (46.79% of Region 10’s total), followed by Lanao del Norte with 1,586 (24.74%), Misamis Oriental with 1,155 hectares (18.02%) and Misamis Occidental with 487 hectares (7.60%). Camiguin has the smallest area with only 183 hectares (2.85%) planted with vegetables. Table 5. Vegetable production area in Region 10 with breakdown per province 2003-2007 Crops Region 10 Bukidnon Camiguin Lanao del Norte Misamis Occidental Misamis Oriental Source: DA-RFU 10

2003 7,797 3,132 413 2,117 639 1,499

Production Area (in hectares) 2004 2005 2006 5,848 5,454 8,756 3,166 1,700 4,038 49 375 447 913 1,763 2,048 379 518 731 1,341 1,098 1,492

2007 6,411 3,000 183 1,586 487 1,155

Ave. Annual Growth Rate 0.51 16.65 134.33 7.46 0.93 (3.84)

% of Regional Total (2007) 100.00% 46.79% 2.85% 24.74% 7.60% 18.02%

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e) Provincial Production Bukidnon is the largest vegetableproducing province in the Northern Mindanao region in terms of production area and volume of production. Table 16 shows the area planted to selected vegetables in the province. In 2007, the province produced a total of 106, 800.29 metric tons from 3, 000 hectares. Tomato has the largest area with 1,680 hectares, followed by white potato and squash with 547 hectares and 402 hectares, respectively. The table above also shows that the area devoted to vegetables in the province is steadily increasing through the years with an average of 9.76% average annual increase. The area planted to asparagus grew at a dramatic rate of 2,402.02% annually from 2002 to2006. Asparagus production is being undertaken Figure 1. Major vegetable producing municipalities by multinational companies operating in in Bukidnon the province such as Dole and Lapanday. Other crops that register high growth rates in terms of production area from 2002-2006 include lettuce, broccoli, and gourd with annual average increase of 164.63%, 114.22% and 101.06%, respectively. Only the production area of native pechay decelerated in the period with an annual average decrease of 6.76% annually. Table 17 shows the production volume of selected vegetables produced in the province of Bukidnon. Due to the dramatic increase of production area devoted to asparagus, this crop also registered the highest increase in volume produced with 1,288.36% average annual increase. Other vegetable crops with good production performance include lettuce, broccoli, cauliflower and Chinese pechay with annual average increases of 239.99%, 217.32%, 149.12% and 97.09%. On native pechay and white potato production decreased from 2002-2006 with annual average decrease of 9.66% and 2.02%, respectively. As a whole, the total production volume of vegetables in the province is steadily increasing with 13.53% annual average increase. The main production areas for vegetables are located in the municipalities of Talakag, Baungon, Libona, Manolo Fortich, Sumilao, Impasug-ong, Malaybalay, Cabanglasan and Lantapan. These municipalities, except for Cabanglasan, which have areas located in the foot slopes of the Kitanglad Mountain Range, are able to grow temperate, semi-temperate as well as tropical vegetables. Cabanglasan grows tropical vegetables specifically squash. Other municipalities in the province also grow high value vegetables but in lesser quantity compare to these nine municipalities. The figure below shows the production volume of high value vegetables produced in the province versus the area devoted to high value vegetables in the province. A closer look ___________________________________________________________________________ Vegetable Industry Profile-Municipality of Lantapan 7

will reveal that the production volume is steadily increasing at a faster pace compared to the growth of production area. It means that the province produces more vegetables in a lesser area of land. 2.1 Vegetable Marketing Vegetables produced from the different vegetable producing regions of the Philippines are primarily marketed in key Philippine cities such as Manila, Cebu, Iloilo City, Cagayan de Oro City, Davao City, Bacolod City, General Santos City, and Zamboanga City. Vegetable products of Region 10 are shipped mainly to wet markets in Manila and in other major cities of Visayas and Mindanao such as Cebu, Iloilo, Bacolod, Zamboanga, Davao, Butuan and Palawan. The presence of regular flights and trips of boats and buses plying these areas warrant convenient flow of these commodities. Refrigerated vans of CRYO, likewise, enable shipment of highly perishable leafy vegetables like lettuce. As shown in the existing vegetable distribution channels diagram (Figure 2) in the region, it is noted that the consolidators are vital in the distribution process. Consolidators are the ones who gather or consolidate vegetables from different sources/ farmers for distribution to wholesalers. The last level of traders then distribute these vegetables by land, sea and air to other provinces in Mindanao and Visayas and other major cities such as Cebu and Metro Manila. With the present distribution channel, the probability of loss due to spoilage of vegetables is high due to the long distribution process. The presence of a farm produce terminal market or a trading post will address the problem on high incidence of spoilage. This idea came about during one of the workshops with the vegetable industry stakeholders. Estimated volume of vegetables shipped by sea bound for Manila and other major cities in the Visayas from the port of Cagayan de Oro accounted for 79 percent of the average production volume of the Region while vegetables shipped by air bound for Manila was only four percent. The remaining 17 percent was distributed locally and to other cities in Mindanao.

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Figure 2. Existing Marketing Distribution Channel of Vegetables

Farmer/Grower Northern Mindanao

Consolidators

Compradors

Last Level Traders Agora Buyers Cagayan de Oro City

By Land

By Sea/Air

By Sea/Air

Wholesaler-Retailer Cagayan de Oro City/ Other Provinces in Mindanao

Wholesaler-Retailer Cebu/Other Provinces in Visayas

Retailer/Supermarket Cagayan de Oro City/ Other Provinces in Mindanao

Retailer/Supermarket Cebu/Other Provinces in Visayas

Institutional Buyer Cagayan de Oro City/ Other Provinces in Mindanao

Divisoria

METRO MANILA

Balintawak

Q-Mart

Institutional Buyer Cebu/Other Provinces in Visayas

Others/Institutional Buyers

Reference: Northern Mindanao Vegetable Producers Association Inc.

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY A. Barangays Covered The industry covers all the 14 barangays of Lantapan, Bukidnon because topography, climate and soil type of these barangays favour the growth of diverse kind of vegetable, from temperate to tropical. However, this paper focuses on the major vegetable-producing barangays in the municipality: Basac (3,705 ha.), Kibangay (5,090 ha.), Cawayan (1,452 ha.), Victory (1,123 ha.), Songco (4,304 ha.), Kaatuan (3,976 ha.), Kapitan Juan (1,978 ha.), and Alanib (4,812 ha.). (See Figure 1)

Figure 3. Map of Lantapan, Bukidnon showing the major vegetable-producing barangays of the municipality (shown in grey)

The eight barangays covers an aggregate land area of 26, 440 hectares (264.4 km2), covering almost 75% of the total land area of the municipality of Lantapan (35, 465 ha or 354.65 km2). Around 46% of the total area of the eight (8) barangays or approximately 12, 251 hectares is classified as alienable and disposable while the remaining (about 54%) is classified as timberland located within the boundaries of the Mount Kitanglad Range Natural Park, where cultivation and intrusion is strictly prohibited. By volume, the top vegetables are broccoli, cabbage, lettuce, Chinese cabbage, potato and sweet pepper. These crops are produced in Kaatuan, Capitan Juan, Songco, Victory, Cawayan, Basak and Kibangay. These areas have been producing massively since the 1950’s. The average size of land utilized for vegetable production by a small-scale farmer ranges from 1/8 to ¼ of a hectare. While most farmers own the lands they till, some farmers still rent their lands at P2, 000 per hectare per year.[b]

B. Key Players of the Lantapan Vegetable Industry Small-scale farmers dominate the vegetable industry of Lantapan. Data provided by the Municipal Agriculture Office (MAO) of Lantapan, Bukidnon showed that there are 2, 850 farmers in the municipality in 2007 tilling 593.23 hectares of vegetables farms. About a third ___________________________________________________________________________ Vegetable Industry Profile-Municipality of Lantapan 10

of these farmers tilled lands of less than 3 hectares. Only about five percent of the farmers surveyed have landholdings of more than eight hectares. In terms of ownership, about 55% of the farmers surveyed owned the land that they are tilling. Another 34 % of the farmers surveyed lease their lands from the owners. Still other farmers have their own lands but they still rent other parcel of land. Farmer organizations have been organized especially in top vegetable producing barangays. The Lantapan Eco-Agro Forest Farmers Association (LEAFFA), based in Songco, Lantapan provides community-based livelihood activities for their members aside from vegetable farming to augment their member’s income. There are also NGO-organized farmer’s organizations such as the Paglambu-Landcare Farmer Association, a municipal-wide organization encompassing vegetable farmers practicing agro-forestry and organized by the World Agroforestry Center (ICRAF). ICRAF provides support thru farming systems advocacy as well as market linkaging support for their farmers by organizing them as vegetable clusters. Large-scale vegetable farms also operate in the municipality. Among them are RSY Farm and Full View Farm in Barangay Kibangay, Micabalo’s Farm in Barangay Songco, Cyper Farm in Barangay Victory, and Three Kengi’s Farm in Barangay Capitan Juan .These large farms are members of the Northern Mindanao Vegetable Producer’s Association (NorminVeggies), Inc., a producer’s association based in Cagayan de Oro City. NorminVeggies provides marketing assistance through its NorminVeggies Consolidation Center (NVCC) in Agora Market, Cagayan de Oro City. [a]

C. Current Employment Capacity of the Industry The vegetable industry of Lantapan, Bukidnon has a total of 2,850 farmers that own and till their lands in 2007, according to the data from the MAO-Lantapan Office. Based on the survey conducted in 2006 to vegetable farmers in Lantapan, it is estimated that the vegetable industry is capable of employing approximately 1, 800 workers, in which 29% are full time employees, 24% are part time employees and around 47% seasonal workers. Seasonal workers are usually hired during maintenance and harvesting of the vegetable produce.

D. Level of Income of Production In a survey conducted to 62 farmers of Lantapan in 2006, average annual income for vegetable production P53, 000. Lantapan vegetable farmers earn from a low of P10, 000 to as high as P200, 000 for some farmers.

E. Area Planted, Volume of Production and Value of Production Lantapan is one of the major producers of vegetable in the province. In 2006, the municipality produced more than 2,983 metric tons of fresh vegetables harvested from an estimated production area of 618 hectares (See Table 18 and Table 19)

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SCOPE AND LIMITATION The data used for this industry profile was gathered from a number of sources, including the Municipal Agriculture Office (MAO), Department of Trade and Industry (DTI), Bureau of Agricultural Statistics (BAS) and Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). Primary data came from the survey conducted to vegetable farmers conducted by the Department of Trade & Industry (DTI) in coordination with the Municipal Agriculture Office (MAO) of Lantapan. Secondary data used are the production data (area harvested and production volume) obtained from the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), Crop Stat of the Bureau of Agricultural Statistics (BAS), Department of Agriculture-Regional Field Unit 10 (DA-RFU 10), BAS-Bukidnon Provincial Office, and the Municipal Agriculture Office (MAO) of Lantapan. These is some disparity in figures as the industry-collected data and data from the different sources are not always in accord.

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STRUCTURE OF THE INDUSTRY A. Product Coverage The One Town One Product (OTOP) Program of the municipality is high value vegetables but the municipality focuses on six products, namely: broccoli, sweet pepper, carrots, cabbage, celery and tomato.

B. Geography of the Production Area Lantapan is in central Bukidnon and is bounded in the north by the municipalities of Sumilao and Impasug-ong, in the east by Malaybalay City, in the south by Valencia City separated by Manupali River and in the west by Talakag. Vegetables area is produced in barangays in the northwestern portions including Basak, Kibangay, Songco, Victory, Cawayan, Songco, Alanib, Capitan Juan and Kaatuan. These barangays are located within the boundaries of the Mt. Kitanglad Range Natural Park. Around 70% of the area in Lantapan has strong sloped above 18%. The rest are slight to moderately rolling terrain (8% to 18%). The predominant soil type in Lantapan is clay soil (Adtuyon and Kidapawan clay). Elevation ranges from 1, 100 meter and 1, 240 meter. Basac is 1, 100 meter above sea level, Cawayan is a 1, 240 meters, Kibangay is at 1, 200, Victory at 1, 280 meters, Songco at 1, 135 meters, Kaatuan and Capitan Juan at 2, 150 and Alanib at 800 above sea level. The municipality’s climate falls under Type IV with no very pronounced rainfall or dry period. Rainy months are July-September. Rainy season may start as early as May and extend to December. Average rainfall is 224.54 mm. There have been no cases of typhoons or floods. Air temperature averages 21.84°C with little fluctuation at 2°C between warmest and coldest temperature.

C. Market Performance The current marketing system involves vegetables picked up at the farm by “viajeros”/“jamboleros” who own vegetable hauling trucks. Some of these viajeros are also residents of the municipality, while others are from the Agora Market. These are delivered to the Agora Market in Cagayan de Oro or shipped directly to Manila via the Cagayan de Oro port. There are no specific pick up points in Lantapan. And since majority of their farms are not accessible thru the national highway, farmers bring their produce beside the road for the trucks to pick up. Farmers also use waiting sheds and sari-sari stores to protect their goods from the sun while others have no choice but to display the sacks along the roadside where passenger jeepneys or trucks can stop to load the vegetables. Since there are no wholesalers in Lantapan, some farmers who have small volumes bring their products to one of the following public markets: Malaybalay Public Market, Aglayan Public Market and Valencia Central Market and sell them to wholesalers or retailers in the area. But since there are also Agora bound passenger jeepneys are available in these areas, the Agora Market is a likely destination for their produce. ___________________________________________________________________________ Vegetable Industry Profile-Municipality of Lantapan 13

Almost 99% of the vegetable produce in the municipality are sold to the outside market. Majority of the production find their way to the Agora Market of Cagayan de Oro through the “viajeros” and “jamboleros” that pick up the farmers produce in the area. Some farmers, who are members of the NorminVeggies producer’s association, deliver their products to the group’s consolidation center. This is then sold to markets outside Cagayan de Oro (Manila and the Visayas markets). Small portions are sold in the public markets of Malaybalay and Valencia. The table below shows market performance of the focused products under the One Town One Product (OTOP) program of the municipality using the computed value from year 2003 to 2007. Data used for the computation came from the Municipal Agriculture Office for the volume of production and the Bureau of Agricultural Statistics (CropStat) website for the farm gate prices. Table 6. Estimated value of production (in Php) of focus vegetable crops under the One Town One Product Program (OTOP) of Lantapan, Bukidnon, 2003-2007 Crops 2003 2004 2005 Tomato 10,915,750.00 8,423,966.25 1,280,858.28 Broccoli 4,158,000.00 3,625,600.00 5,560,000.00 Cabbage 5,815,720.00 3,590,400.00 6,727,875.00 Carrot 2,765,880.00 172,300.00 3,768,750.00 Sweet Pepper 2,205,811.20 4,101,625.00 2,765,400.00 Total 25,861,161.20 19,913,891.25 20,102,883.28 *Sales was computed using the data from the MAO-Lantapan and BAS

D. Production Volume

2006 15,743,666.25 12,076,470.00 7,408,800.00 6,146,658.00 5,652,006.00 48,964,220.25

2007 5,568,766.43 3,812,224.00 2,663,655.00 2,087,600.00 3,187,500.00 17,319,745.43

Table 7. Total production area and volume of production of MAO-monitored vegetables

Table 7 shows the total area planted and the Year Area Planted (Has.) Production (MT) total production of volume of vegetable 2003 477.46 4,281 products produced in Lantapan, as monitored 2004 408.63 3,604 by the Municipal Agriculture Office (MAO) of 2005 481.75 3,656 2006 770.25 8,291 Lantapan, Bukidnon. The data showed that 2007 618.50 2,983 the volume of vegetable decreased by as much as 64% from its 2006 level. In 2006, there was a dramatic increase in area planted to tomato and cabbage from resulting in larger production volume. Table 8. Estimated volume of production (in metric tons) of vegetable crops under the One Town One Product Program (OTOP) of Lantapan, Bukidnon, 2003-2007 Crop Broccoli Sweet Pepper Carrots Cabbage Tomato

2003 189.00 65.28 156.00 838.00 1,175.00

2004

2005

160.00 137.50 10.00 510.00 950.25

250.00 110.00 225.00 962.50 157.00

2006 609.00 163.40 338.10 1,058.40 1,993.50

2007 166.40 127.50 122.80 371.50 710.00

Total 1,374.40 603.68 851.90 3,740.40 4,647.25

5-Year Average 274.88 120.74 170.38 748.08 929.45

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Tomato, as shown in Table 8, is the major product of the municipality in terms of volume of production, churning out an average of 929.45 metric tons per year from 2003-2007. Lantapan produced an estimated 710 metric tons of tomatoes in 2007, down by 64% from its 1, 993.50 metric tons in 2006. Large areas of tomato are found in Kibangay, Songco, Cawayan, and Victory. Cabbage is also produced in large quantities peaking at 1, 058.40 metric tons in 2006. Lantapan produced an average of 748.08 metric tons of cabbage annually from 2003-2007. Cabbage in mainly produced in Kiabangay, Basak, Songco, Cawayan and Victory.

Table 9. Top 10 vegetables of Lantapan in terms of volume

Rank 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Crop Tomato Cabbage Chinese Cabbage Squash White Potato Brocolli Cauliflower Sayote Sweet Potato Carrot

Average (20032007) 997.15 748.08 523.93 492.22 280.22 274.88 220.06 211.94 180.54 170.38

Lantapan also produced 274.88 metric tons of broccoli, Source: Municipal Agriculture Office, Lantapan 170.38 metric tons of carrots and 120.74 metric tons of sweet pepper annually from 2003 to 2007. Most of the crops reached record levels of production in 2006 and dropped in 2007.

Table 9 shows the top ten vegetables in terms of production volume from 2003-2007 in Lantapan, Bukidnon. Four of the crops in the top ten vegetables are focused products under the One Town One Product (OTOP) program of the municipality.

E. Resource Assessment


Production Areas

In 2007, the municipality of Lantapan has 628.50 hectares of land area devoted to vegetables. The top ten vegetables in the municipality, in terms of area harvested are shown in Table 10. Majority of these vegetable production areas are in Basak, Kibangay, Songco, Table 10. Top 10 vegetables of Victory, Cawayan, Songco, Alanib, Capitan Juan and Lantapan in terms production area Kaatuan. The total alienable and disposable (A & D) Average Crop of these eight barangays is estimated at 12, 251 Rank (2003-2007) hectares planted to other crops or lying idly and 1 Cabbage 90.00 uncultivated. In the eight barangays alone, there is 2 Tomato 76.57 3 Chinese Cabbage 64.20 plenty of room for expansion for vegetable 4 Squash 46.49 production purposes (more than 11,000 hectares). 5 White Potato 40.46 Furthermore, there are still other barangays with 6 Brocolli 34.85 potential for vegetable production, especially for 7 Cauliflower 32.65 tropical types of vegetables in the lower elevation 8 Sweet Pepper 28.88 9 Sweet Potato 28.07 areas of the municipality. The climate for Lantapan is 10 Baguio beans 19.35 ideal for vegetable production and vegetables can be Source: Municipal Agriculture Office, Lantapan planted the whole year round.

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Table 11. Estimated area of production (in hectares) of focus vegetable crops under the One Town One Product Program (OTOP) of Lantapan, Bukidnon, 2003-2007 Crop Broccoli Sweet Pepper Carrots Cabbage Tomato

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

27.00 21.76 13.00 104.75 58.75

16.00 34.38 5.00 63.15 63.35

25.00 27.50 15.00 96.25 88.50

50.75 21.50 24.50 98.00 110.75

55.50 39.25 40.10 87.83 61.50

5-Year Average 34.85 28.88 19.52 90.00 76.57

Among the focused vegetables under the OTOP Program of the municipality, the area devoted to cabbage is 90 hectares annually is the largest. Tomato has 76.57 hectares, broccoli has 34.85 hectares, sweet pepper has 28.88 hectares, and carrots 19.52 hectares annually from 2003 to 2007.
Labor Supply Labor is readily available in the vicinity of the major production areas. Labor rates vary from the services being rendered by the laborer (i.e. plowing-200/day, harvesting 100/day, etc.). Although at present, there has been a stiff competition from multinational companies operating in the municipality and which offers higher wage rates compared to the farmer’s rates.
Technology Almost 99% of the farmers in Lantapan use conventional method of vegetable production that relies heavily on expensive chemical inputs such as fertilizers and pesticides.
Offsite Infrastructure i. Farm-to-Market Roads (FMR) Poblacion Lantapan is 140 kilometers from Cagayan de Oro City and 30 kilometers from Malaybalay. From the main highway (Crossing Aglayan, Malaybalay City), Lantapan is 15 kilometers over a combination of cemented and gravel roads. The national road passes through all the barangays and is connected to Talakag through Barangay Basak, Lantapan and Barangay Lirongan in Talakag. Farms located near the national highway are generally accessible and farmers have little problem bringing their produce to the roadside. Farmers with farms located in the hinterlands are the ones that have difficulty in bringing their products to the market, because of the very poor conditions of the road. ii. Irrigation & Power Majority of the smallholder farms in the municipality are rain fed and there is difficulty in securing water for their farms although there are numerous water sources such as streams, creeks and rivers from which they can fetch water.

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All barangays in the municipality is already energized by the Bukidnon Second Electric Cooperative (BUSECO) although there are far-flung sitios in the mountainous areas that were not energized. iii. Post-Harvest Facilities The municipality has inadequate post harvest facilities. After harvesting their products, the farmers clean, sort and grade their products in the harvest area. They use sorting tables to properly sort their products in the open and there is an absence of sorting/packing sheds. Packaging materials used by the farmers includes sacks, cartoon boxes, and wooden crates. Only few farmers employ the use of plastic crates because of financial constraints. The municipality has a vegetable trading post located in Barangay Kibangay, which was a DA-funded project, but is not operational. The structure is still incomplete and the trading post lacks the necessary facilities like sorting tables, weighing scale, water supply, comfort rooms and other necessary facilities. The facility has a high potential for consolidating the vegetable products before being marketed and reducing the postharvest losses for the products. iv. Transportation & Telecommunication The survey conducted to 62 farmers in 2006 revealed that majority of the farmers, around 70%, use vegetable hauling trucks as the main form of transportation in transporting their produce from the farm to their intended market. These trucks are usually owned by the “viajeros” that own bodegas in the Agora Market, Cagayan de Oro City but there are some residents of the municipality that own trucks that also engage in the trucking business for vegetables. Another form of transportation being used by farmers is jeepneys that ply the Lantapan-Malaybalay route (responded by 39% of the farmers surveyed). Jeepneys are usually used when transporting produce to nearby Malaybalay (Poblacion and Aglayan Public Markets) and Valencia City markets. Still other farmers (around 13%) use animal-drawn carts or animals (horses, carabaos or cattle) to transport their produce from the farms not accessible by other means of transport to roadsides where they can be picked up by trucks or jeepneys. Telecommunication facilities being used by farmers in the municipality includes cellphones, since many of the areas in the municipality has either Smart or Globe cell sites.


Market Structures

No permanent market structures are present in Lantapan, except in the Lantapan Public market. Temperate vegetables are seldom sold in the market. “Jamboleros” and “viajeros” bound for Agora Market bypass the Lantapan Public market. Retailers procure their vegetable supplies from the Malaybalay Public market. Vegetables sold inside the market are mainly tropical such as string beans, squash, onions and spices. ___________________________________________________________________________ Vegetable Industry Profile-Municipality of Lantapan 17

F. Support Structure


Production Inputs

i. Seeds, Fertilizers and Pesticides Vegetable farmers of Lantapan source out their farming inputs such as hybrid seeds, chemical fertilizers and chemical pesticides in Cagayan de Oro City, Malaybalay City (Aglayan), and Valencia City. Local stores also sell basic farm implements and production inputs but major purchases are usually made in major cities where the farmers sell their produce mentioned above. A number of stores or farmer’s cooperative store retail seeds and fertilizers/chemical inputs to the farmers. Some seed companies also sell seeds to farmers on credit, which the farmers pay after their harvest. ii. Financing Most vegetable farmers in the municipality are self-financed but their capital is not enough to produce in amounts to take advantage of economies of scale[c] but still others rely on the buying agents (“bodegeros”) in Agora Market, Cagayan de Oro City. Although many of these farmers are self-financed, they turn to non-institutional sources such as traders, bodegeros and other farmers for production loans. Financing schemes vary among crops and growing conditions. Usually, the financier provides production loans in the form of cash and specific farm inputs (a scheme locally known as “dextrose”). At harvest time, some financiers collect a fixed amount of money from every kilo or crate of produce sold by farmers as repayment for the loans made by the farmer. [d]


Technical Support

The Municipal Agriculture Office of Lantapan provides technical support to all vegetable farmers in the municipality. The MAO Office periodically conducts activities aimed at improving the skills of the farmers such as Farmers’ Field Schools (FFS) to train them on Integrated Pest Management (IPM) techniques. Technology trainings are conducted when new technology is introduced to them. Organic farming and the use of bio-control measures in farming was already taught to the farmers and have adequate knowledge on the subject matter. However, there are no known strict practioner of this technology in the municipality.

G. Supply-Demand Situation The vegetable industry of Lantapan churns out an average of 4, 562.91 metric tons of vegetable annually from 2003 to 2007. Basing from the annual per capita consumption of Filipinos of vegetables, which stood at 26 kilograms annually and the present population of the municipality at 51, 406 inhabitants as of August 2007, the total estimated demand for vegetables within the municipality stood at 1, 336.56 metric tons although actual consumption could be actually lower than this. Therefore, there is an estimated surplus of 3, 226.35 metric tons of vegetables that could be marketed outside of the municipality annually. ___________________________________________________________________________ Vegetable Industry Profile-Municipality of Lantapan 18

H. Major Issues Confronting Sector During the One Town One Product (OTOP) Strategic Planning and Action Planning Activities conducted in March and June 2006, in which OTOP stakeholders that included farmers, nongovernment organizations (ICRAF), national government agency (DTI) and the Local Government Unit (LGU), issues and problems were discussed with regards to the present status of the industry. These issues can be grouped into marketing, production, human resource development and resource generation. These can be summarized as follows:


No unified and established vegetable producers association identified in the municipality




In-operational trading post and the need to establish a trading post in the lower portion of the municipality to accommodate the majority of the vegetable-barangays Heavy usage of chemical inputs (fertilizers and pesticides) Insufficient skilled labor for vegetable production due to competition by multinational companies operating in the municipality, which offers higher wages compared to what’s offered by the farmers. Lack or non-existence of vegetable processing activities in the municipality on a commercial level. Processing can extend the shelf life of the vegetables and could augment the meager income of the farmers Insufficient capital or financing for vegetable farmers. Farmers also have difficulty in accessing loans from banks due to very stringent requirements forcing them to access non-institutional financing intermediaries which have offers easy capital but the capital is very high Lack of promotion of vegetable consumption to address malnutrition particularly among children. Vegetable consumption within the municipality if low because most of the vegetables produced go to the outside market. High post harvest losses that can be attributed to many factors such as inadequate post-harvest technology, poor farm to market roads, absence of cold storage facilities, etc. High costs of production inputs such as chemical fertilizers, chemical pesticides and hybrid seeds Lack of production programming and complementation across production areas resulting to gluts in the market and dampening of prices Lack or complete absence of Research and Development (R&D) studies to match market requirements and needs of farmers in vegetable production Inadequate and poorly maintained infrastructure facilities necessary for vegetable production such as farm-to-market roads, trading posts, and packing sheds resulting in increase in marketing costs due to post harvest losses. There is also lack of irrigation in some key vegetable production areas, diminishing their productivity. Low and very unstable prices for vegetable products. Peace and order problems in the major vegetable producing barangays such as Basak, Kibangay, and Songco. Pest and diseases regularly cause huge losses on the farmers. There is also an absence of new pest control technologies that is affordable to the farmers. Poor condition of soil used for vegetable production caused by erosion. Some soils have very high acidity rendering them unsuitable for vegetable growing.





























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High trucking fees going to their market Lack of seminars and training for majority of the vegetable farmers in the municipality. Extension services, although being given by the LGU, is inadequate. Form of transportation used is inappropriate causing huge post harvest losses on the farmer. Handling of vegetable products is also inefficient causing damage to the vegetable produce resulting in, again, post harvest losses due to spoilage. Inefficient marketing system, in which the products passes through many hands before reaching the intended market. Deterioration in the values and culture of the vegetable farmer. Farmers also lack the drive to participate in farmers’ organizations such as coops, associations or clusters due to the seemingly lack of organizational management skills. Insufficient attention given by the Local Government on vegetable farming.

I. Opportunities The presence of non-government organizations in the municipality, particularly the World Agroforestry Center (ICRAF), in partnership with the Catholic Relief Services (CRS), is one of the opportunities for the vegetable industry. ICRAF and CRS had started organizing their own vegetable clusters in complement with the foreign-funded projects on agroforestry. So far, two vegetable clusters have been made—one in Brgy. Songco and one in Brgy. Kaatuan. The target markets for these clusters include institutional buyers in General Santos City and Cagayan de Oro City. Trainings and seminars were also given to the farmers, mainly on farming systems and marketing. There are also projects that are currently being undertaken by the Department of Agriculture—Regional Field Office 10 (DA-RFU 10) in partnership with LGU-Lantapan thru the Municipal Agriculture Office that complements the requirements of the vegetable industry in the municipality. The Mindanao Integrated North Coast Area Development Project (MNCIADP) and the Mindanao Rural Development Project (MRDP)-CFAD has infrastructure, livelihood and training components for the vegetable farmers. The increasing population of the municipality as well as the country can also benefit the vegetable industry of the municipality with increasing demand for food products such as vegetables. Vegetable processing, which is lacking or non-existent in the municipality at a commercial level, can be a great opportunity considering the highly volatile price of vegetable commodities. The provision of technology and processing equipments to potential processors should be looked into to capitalize on this opportunity. Lifestyle, well-being, convenience, safety, cleanliness and social responsibility have been identified as critical issues in the food industry worldwide for the next 10 years. This is represented by the increase in demand of organic products, including vegetables. This could be an opportunity for vegetable farmers in Lantapan to cash-in on such products.

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PROSPECTS OF THE INDUSTRY The present trend in agriculture is towards the production of safety and clean foods for the consumer brought about by the increased awareness of the consumers about the health benefits as well as the risks of eating “unsafe” and “unhealthy” food products. Farmers all over the world are shifting their production from conventional to organic way of vegetable production to answer this consumer demands. Aside from the health-awareness of the consumers, lifestyle and convenience especially of people in urban areas are factors that should be taken into account in the coming years. Consumers are beginning to be accustomed to a “fast” way if living. They tend to purchase “ready-to-cook” products that are convenient with their way of living. Market-oriented vegetable production is increasingly being practiced by many countries, including the Philippines with industry clustering as the strategy. This is to consolidate and program the vegetable production so that farmer-producers can take advantage of the economics of scale and to reduce production costs, which are increasing fast due to the recent rise in the prices of petroleum in the world market. Clustering is used in the country given the fact that most of the vegetable farms are small and can’t cope up with the volume being demanded by the market. Another factor that will greatly affect the vegetable production in the country is the increasing presence of imported products brought about by the entry of the Philippines into the World Trade Organization (WTO). WTO aims to reduce or eliminate the barriers that hamper trade in its member countries. Vegetables from China and other major vegetable producers, cheaper and in greater quantities continue to enter into the Philippine market, creating stiff competition with vegetables produced domestically, which are far more expensive. Thus the trend in the Philippine vegetable production is to drastically reduce the production costs so that we can price our products at par or lower with imported vegetables. Finally, the increasing Philippine population, which stood at 88.57 million, is a potential market for the vegetable producers in the country.

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REQUIREMENTS OF THE INDUSTRY Using Figure 4, Industry Cluster Diagram for High Value Vegetables, as reference the high value vegetable industry of Lantapan requires the following to boosts its development:










Small water impounding projects for key vegetable areas that do not have sufficient irrigation Improvement in the road network of the municipality especially the farm-to-market roads Vegetable trading post or consolidation area (“bagsakan”) Cold chain facility with reefer vans Trainings and seminars for farmers (farming methods, production of organic fertilizers, bio-pest control methods and other technologies) Packing sheds Skills Training on vegetable processing (basic and upgrading) Organization of farmers into vegetable clusters or farmer-producer association Research and development (R & D) research

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Figure 4. Vegetable Industry Cluster Diagram

Deep Well, Drilling Materials & Equipment

Deep Well

Farm Implements

Power Roads, Financing Telecom

Offsite Infrastructure

Fertilizers/ Chemicals/ Labor

Land Preparation

Nursery

Fertilizer/ Labor

Propagation Technology Fertilizers Chemicals

Planting Materials

Mat’ls & Eqpt

Growing Farm Eqpt. Labor

Imported Seeds

Harvesting Equipment

Local Breeders

Harvesting/ Cleaning Labor

Packing Shed

Sorting/ Grading

Packaging Materials

Packaging

Legend: Gaps in Process Process Allied Activities Gaps Allied Activities

Storage Ethylene Absorber, Eqpt/Chemicals

Cold Storage

Reefer Vans

Transport

Processing

Fresh

Domestic

Export

Processing Equipment

Export

Domestic

Wholesale

Supermarket

Food Service

Food Industry Consumer

Consumer

Retailer

Food Industry

Food Service

Consumer

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REFERENCES Lantapan Municipal Profile. Published by the Local Government of Lantapan, Bukidnon. 2005 Lantapan Municipal Comprehensive Land Use Plan. Published by the Local Government of Lantapan, Bukidnon. 2005 The Philippine Vegetable Industry Trends, Issues and Policy Implications. Published by the Regoverning Markets Program. URL: http://www.regoverningmarkets.org/en/resources/se_asia/the_philippine_vegetabl e_industry_trends_issues_and_policy_implications Temperate Vegetables in Mindanao: Key Production Areas. Published by the Growth with Equity in Mindanao (GEM) Program. August 2000. The Vegetable Production Areas of Mindanao: Key and Potential Profiles. Published by the Northern Mindanao Vegetable Producers Association, Inc. and the Vegetable Industry Council of Southern Mindanao, Inc.

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ANNEXES Table 12. World vegetable production (in metric tons) by continent and regional groupings, 20022006 Continent

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

Africa East Africa Middle Africa North Africa South Africa West Africa America North America Caribbean Central America South America Asia Central Asia East Asia South Asia South-East Asia Middle East Asia Europe Eastern Europe Northern Europe Southern Europe Western Europe Oceania Australia and N. Zealand Melanesia Micronesia Polynesia World Total

46,949,613 6,297,409 2,465,083 23,567,043 2,179,083 12,440,995 71,724,988 38,154,061 4,393,115 10,510,559 18,667,253 511,140,989 6,172,329 352,849,591 90,923,533 26,310,115 34,885,421 87,001,210 31,091,881 4,254,838 34,484,071 17,170,420 3,313,560 2,728,284 535,081 14,058 36,137 720,130,360

49,002,205 6,545,130 2,374,263 25,105,064 2,292,459 12,685,289 73,004,329 37,380,455 5,051,929 11,411,610 19,160,336 537,109,837 6,991,741 369,180,968 99,270,309 27,645,711 34,021,108 91,810,077 36,134,371 4,526,060 35,137,555 16,012,091 3,118,408 2,532,334 535,422 14,054 36,598 754,044,856

51,544,068 6,657,228 2,352,873 27,094,495 2,257,324 13,182,148 76,678,787 40,046,431 5,206,147 12,512,294 18,913,916 554,772,810 7,317,160 380,802,439 101,537,960 29,079,240 36,036,011 96,429,525 36,910,488 4,428,779 37,568,522 17,521,736 3,367,040 2,774,807 542,976 12,683 33,914 782,792,230

51,895,431 6,627,478 2,385,180 26,915,413 2,242,316 13,725,044 73,739,088 37,600,096 4,356,785 12,649,894 19,132,313 569,167,420 7,693,860 390,395,336 104,649,071 28,882,800 37,546,353 93,807,555 35,934,871 4,574,691 36,716,059 16,581,934 3,247,876 2,653,891 544,486 14,469 35,030 791,857,370

52,085,594 6,633,670 2,344,169 27,025,796 2,034,456 14,047,503 73,084,188 37,567,674 3,832,552 12,781,867 18,902,095 582,092,028 8,423,843 402,719,625 105,173,199 28,840,911 36,934,450 92,294,973 36,751,668 4,387,807 35,126,167 16,029,331 3,246,124 2,653,891 544,570 12,633 35,030 802,802,907

% Growth 2.65% 1.32% (1.23%) 3.55% (1.57%) 3.09% 0.52% (0.27%) (2.57%) 5.09% 0.33% 3.31% 8.14% 3.36% 3.76% 2.36% 1.50% 1.56% 4.50% 0.86% 0.55% (1.50%) (0.38%) (0.49%) 0.44% (2.10%) (0.69%) 2.77%

Source: FAOSTAT | © FAO Statistics Division 2008

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Table 13. Volume of production (in metric tons) and production area (in hectares) for vegetables in the Philippines with breakdown per region 2007 Regions Philippines CAR Ilocos Region Cagayan Valley Central Luzon CALABARZON MIMAROPA Bicol Region Western Visayas Central Visayas Eastern Visayas Zamboanga Peninsula Northern Mindanao Southern Mindanao Central Mindanao ARMM CARAGA

Volume of Prdn. In MT (2007) 1,877,125.98 350,295.63 287,582.80 175,997.02 242,528.69 187,636.92 31,465.37 97,450.89 81,271.42 71,230.45 47,872.45 35,586.37 94,354.69 65,433.80 46,786.02 25,766.12 35,867.35

% to Phil. Total 100.00% 18.66% 15.32% 9.38% 12.92% 10.00% 1.68% 5.19% 4.33% 3.79% 2.55% 1.90% 5.03% 3.49% 2.49% 1.37% 1.91%

Production Area in Hectares (2007) 212,072.09 17,743.50 35,800.08 22,684.00 21,560.00 15,561.50 6,465.87 10,988.33 14,103.63 14,794.49 8,270.46 5,794.33 9,579.86 12,297.60 5,133.18 6,334.73 4,960.52

% to Phil. Total 100.00% 8.37% 16.88% 10.70% 10.17% 7.34% 3.05% 5.18% 6.65% 6.98% 3.90% 2.73% 4.52% 5.80% 2.42% 2.99% 2.34%

Table 14. Volume of production (in metric tons) and production area (in hectares) for vegetables in the Philippines with breakdown per island group 2007 Island Groups Philippines Luzon Visayas Mindanao

Volume of Prdn. In MT (2007) 1,877,125.98 1,372,957.32 200,374.32 303,794.35

% to Phil. Total 100.00% 73.14% 10.67% 16.18%

Production Area in hectares (2007) 212,072.09 130,803.28 37,168.58 44,100.23

% to Phil. Total 100.00% 61.68% 17.53% 20.79%

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Table 15. Volume of selected vegetables in Region 10 – Northern Mindanao from 2005-2007 Crops Mungbean Cabbage Eggplant Tomato Camote Habitchuelas Asparagus Brocolli Cauliflower Lettuce Pechay Ampalaya String Beans Gourd Okra Squash Ginger Sweet Pepper Carrots Gabi Radish White Potato Chayote Leeks Singkamas Cucumber Sweat Peas Celery Total *F=Final; P=Preliminary Source: DA-RFU 10

Volume of Production (MT) F F P 2005 2006 2007 316.47 343.01 349.24 2,890.72 3,051.74 3,566.57 2,920.16 3,157.63 3,258.79 37,998.80 40,261.81 41,698.38 23,775.07 26,997.55 27,491.01 384.97 435.77 461.95 615.20 651.35 584.00 336.00 518.02 546.17 275.68 386.81 442.25 1,725.23 1,672.96 1,625.35 1,379.24 1,477.24 1,720.09 1,891.28 1,926.09 2,184.91 1,845.34 1,844.76 1,950.32 3,662.71 3,657.31 3,501.79 1,297.97 1,337.12 1,397.48 9,003.79 9,662.85 10,765.27 3,114.16 4,029.11 4,237.77 1,668.07 2,190.20 2,019.56 717.73 766.37 827.76 1,938.20 2,017.01 2,548.92 193.60 240.50 238.38 6,662.50 6,744.89 6,778.01 821.96 1,007.20 1,149.22 765.31 879.40 964.60 65.85 74.45 73.97 395.35 438.67 448.69 77.93 83.20 102.20 61.00 65.00 75.00 121,007.65 106, 800.29 115, 918.02

Ave. Annual Growth Rate 5.10 11.22 5.67 4.76 7.69 9.60 -2.23 29.80 27.32 -2.94 11.77 7.64 2.85 -2.20 3.77 9.36 17.28 11.76 7.39 15.22 11.76 0.86 18.32 12.30 6.21 6.62 14.80 10.97 6.46%

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Table 16. Production area (in hectares) of selected vegetables in Bukidnon 2002-2006 Production Area in Hectares 2002 2003 2004 2005 Mungbean 40 38 39 39 Cabbage 242 242 255 260 Eggplant 155 157 161 160 Tomato 1,329 1,300 1,600 1,661. Camote 518 516 527 526 Habitchuelas 11 9 14 34 Asparagus 2 194 200 200 Broccoli 5 5 17 47 Cauliflower 9 15 19 40 Kangkong 55 140 141 140 Lettuce 10 18 24 155 Chinese Pechay 47 47 57 66 Native Pechay 40 40 34 033 Ampalaya 65 58 59 62 Stringbeans 27 34 35 36 Gourd 20 114 32 33 Okra 21 18 19 21 Squash 115 195 365 386 Ginger 7 7 27 27 Pepper 58 56 71 74 Carrots 41 40 65 78 Gabi 10 10 11 19 Radish 18 18 15 15 White Potato 520 525 533 530 TOTAL 3,365 3,796 4,320 4,642 Source: Bureau of Agricultural Statistics—Bukidnon Crops

2006 43 276 168 1,680 567 37 210 66 52 140 154 75 30 65 39 340 23 402 27 119 82 19 18 547 4,873

Ave. Annual Growth Rate 1.97 3.37 2.05 6.46 2.34 47.26 2,402.02 114.22 58.46 38.64 164.63 12.68 (6.76) 0.22 10.01 101.06 2.83 41.66 71.43 22.09 21.30 20.68 0.83 1.28 9.76

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Table 17. Volume of production (in metric tons) of selected vegetables in Bukidnon, 2002-2006 Volume of Production (in MT) 2002 2003 2004 2005 Mungbean 32.03 32.22 33.41 33.25 Cabbage 1,904.95 2,108.75 2,154.00 2,211.50 Eggplant 371.81 370.07 378.10 372.00 Tomato 18,445.21 17,722.48 28,940.00 30,743.20 Camote 9,438.26 9,300.17 9,329.87 9,820.00 Habitchuelas 59.95 58.90 96.92 252.40 Asparagus 4.02 203.05 595.50 615.20 Broccoli 7.57 16.70 74.00 336.00 Cauliflower 17.01 80.88 109.50 270.32 Kangkong 304.20 1,054.01 1,052.72 1,060.00 Lettuce 61.50 140.00 190.50 1,714.00 Chinese Pechay 46.50 45.90 190.00 287.40 Native Pechay 279.46 290.51 273.00 201.00 Ampalaya 332.29 376.25 378.32 388.35 Stringbeans 31.53 149.53 153.40 154.99 Gourd 302.26 936.70 228.06 237.87 Okra 46.22 43.35 44.35 43.83 Squash 871.36 2,329.93 4,519.00 5,880.00 Ginger 40.84 39.77 44.60 46.82 Pepper 514.26 525.99 758.20 780.20 Carrots 158.15 158.30 453.80 585.95 Gabi 76.55 75.77 126.00 168.00 Radish 114.90 125.69 122.00 127.28 White Potato 7,324.06 6,875.36 6,886.00 6,652.00 TOTAL 40,784.89 43,060.28 57,131.25 62,981.56 Source: Bureau of Agricultural Statistics—Bukidnon Crops

2006 41.21 2,393.64 563.00 31,527.55 10,660.00 267.20 651.35 509.00 375.00 1,083.00 1,654.00 357.70 180.50 409.25 166.10 252.60 55.10 6,241.00 109.40 1,331.55 613.00 192.20 141.00 6,737.00 66,511.35

Ave. Annual Growth Rate 6.94 5.94 12.86 17.04 3.17 57.27 1,288.36 217.32 149.12 62.31 239.99 97.09 (9.66) 5.45 96.26 36.18 5.16 74.40 37.04 30.00 55.13 28.25 5.39 (2.02) 13.53

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Table 18. Area planted to selected vegetables in Lantapan, Bukidnon 2003-2007 Area Planted in Hectares 2003 2004 2005 2006 Tomato 58.75 63.35 88.50 110.75 Broccoli 27.00 16.00 25.00 50.75 Ampalaya 1.00 1.00 2.00 1.50 Cabbage 104.75 63.15 96.25 98.00 Carrot 13.00 5.00 15.00 24.50 Cauliflower 22.00 15.50 31.50 56.25 Sweet Pepper 21.76 34.38 27.50 21.50 Sweet Peas 16.25 16.00 3.75 12.50 Squash 27.45 24.75 29.50 62.75 Baguio Beans 17.50 12.00 18.00 8.50 Sayote 19.50 5.00 5.00 29.00 White Beans 6.00 10.00 12.00 40.00 Sweet Potato 9.25 13.50 13.50 44.00 White Potato 51.50 50.00 31.00 32.00 String Bean 1.00 0.75 2.00 0.50 Chinese Cabbage 73.75 54.75 54.75 87.75 Singkamas 7.00 6.50 7.00 11.00 Total 477.46 391.63 462.25 691.25 Source: Municipal Agriculture Office (MAO), Lantapan, Bukidnon Crops

2007 61.50 55.50 23.30 87.83 40.10 38.00 39.25 No data 88.01 40.75 No data No data 60.10 37.80 21.10 No data No data 593.24

Ave. Annual Growth Rate 7.05 31.97 382.08 1.04 66.37 29.95 24.68 13.81 40.58 86.30 76.41 55.00 77.12 (4.89) 1,046.67 (16.37) (10.58) 8.85

Table 19. Volume of production of selected vegetables in Lantapan, Bukidnon 2003-2007 Volume of Production (in MT) 2003 2004 2005 2006 Tomato 1,175.00 950.25 157.00 1,993.50 Broccoli 189.00 160.00 250.00 609.00 Ampalaya 2.00 2.50 8.00 7.50 Cabbage 838.00 510.00 962.50 1,058.40 Carrot 156.00 10.00 225.00 338.10 Cauliflower 110.00 77.50 252.00 551.25 Sweet Pepper 65.28 137.50 110.00 163.40 Sweet Peas 16.50 16.00 3.75 8.75 Squash 411.75 371.25 442.50 1,129.50 Baguio Beans 35.00 24.00 36.00 12.75 Sayote 292.50 100.00 100.00 355.25 White Beans 12.00 20.00 24.00 48.00 Sweet Potato 92.50 135.00 135.00 475.20 White Potato 257.50 500.00 310.00 217.60 String Bean 2.00 1.50 4.00 2.00 Chinese Cabbage 590.00 328.50 492.75 684.45 Singkamas 36.00 30.00 35.00 55.00 Total 4,281.03 3,374.00 3,547.50 7,709.65 Source: Municipal Agriculture Office (MAO), Lantapan, Bukidnon Crops

2007 710.00 166.40 30.00 371.50 122.80 109.57 127.50 No data 106.10 44.25 No data No data 65.00 116.00 27.20 No data No data 1,996.32

Ave. Annual Growth Rate 250.69 27.96 134.69 (1.34) 510.75 58.56 29.30 (11.56) 18.50 50.26 22.36 21.67 52.91 (5.08) 337.92 (13.85) (10.71) 6.79

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