Vancouver Reference System

VANCOUVER REFERENCE SYSTEM    

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There are many ways of setting out bibliographies and reference lists. The following are examples of one s tyle – the Vancouver S ys tem. It is commonly us ed in medical and scientific journals. Your reference lis t s hould identify references cited (eg . book, journal article, pamphlet, internet site, cassette tape or film) in sufficient detail so that others may locate and consult your references. Your reference lis t s hould appear at the end of your es s ay/report with the entries lis ted numerically and in the same order that they have been cited in the text. In the Vancouver S tyle, citations within the text of your es s ay/paper are identified by Arabic numbers in round brackets . This applies to references in text, tables and fig ures . e.g . (2) – this is the s tyle us ed by the referencing s oftware Endnote. The identification of references within the text of your es s ay/paper may vary according to the preferred style of the journal or the preferred style of the department or lecturer. For example s upers cript may be preferred when referencing . The Vancouver S ystem assigns a number to each reference as it is cited. A number must be used even if the author(s) is named in the sentence/text. Example: S mith (10) has arg ued that… .

 Us e commas (without s paces ) to s eparate noninclus ive

numbers in a multiple citation eg. 2,3,4,5,7,10 is abbreviated to (2-5,7,10) Do not us e a hyphen if there are no citation numbers in between that s upport your s tatement eg. 1- 2.

CITING A BOOK  1. Name/s of author/s , editor/s , compiler/s or the

ins titution res pons ible. • Where there are 6 or les s authors you mus t list all authors . • Where there are 7 or more authors , only the firs t 6 are lis ted and add “et al” (et al means “and others”). • P ut a comma and 1 s pace between each name. The last author mus t have a full-s top after their initial(s ). Format: s urname (1 s pace) initial/s (no s paces or punctuation between initials ) (full-s top O R if further names comma, 1 s pace)  Example 1.1: S mith AK , Jones B C .  Example 1.2: S mith AK , Jones B C , B log g s TC , As he PT, Fauci AS , Wils on JD et al.

 2. Title of publication and s ubtitle if any

• D o not us e italics or underlining. • O nly the first word of journal articles or book titles (and words that normally begin with a capital letter) are capitalised.  Format: 1: title (full-s top, 1 s pace)  Example 2.1: Harris on's principles of internal medicine.  Example 2.2: Phys ical pharmacy: phys ical chemical principles in the pharmaceutical s ciences .

 3. Edition, if other than firs t edition.

• Abbreviate the word edition to:- ed. (D o not confuse with editor.)  Format: edition s tatement (fulls top, 1 s pace)  Example 3.1: 3rd ed.

 4. Place of publication

• If the publishers are located in more than one city, cite the name of the city that is printed first. • Write the place name in full. E xample : K yoto (Japan):

 5. Publis her

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• The publisher’s name should be spelt out in full. Format: publis her (s emi-colon, 1 s pace) Example 5.1: Aus tralian G overnment Publis hing S ervice; Example 5.2: R aven Pres s ; Example 5.3: Williams & Wilkins ;

6. Year of publication.  Format: year (full-s top, add 1 s pace if pag e numbers follow)  Example 6.1: 1999.  Example 6.2: 2000. p. 12-5.

7. Pag e numbers (if applicable). • Abbreviate the word page to “p.”. • NO TE : do not repeat digits unnecessarily – abbreviate.  Format: p (full-s top, 1 s pace) pag e numbers (full-s top).  Example 7.1: p. 122-9.  Example 7.2: p. 1129-57.

 P E NULIS . JUD UL TULIS AN. In: NAM A E D ITO R (S ). JUD UL

BUKU. E D IS I.KO TA: P E NE R BIT; TAHUN. HAL.

CONTOH • More than s ix authors  Give the first six names in full and add “et al”. The authors are listed in the order in which they appear on the title page.  Fauci AS , Braunwald E , Is s elbacher KJ, Wils on JD , M artin JB,

Kas per D L, et al, editors . Harrison’s principles of internal medicine. 14th ed. New York: M cG raw Hill, Health P rofes s ions D ivis ion; 1998.  P orter R J, M eldrum B S . Antiepileptic drugs . In: Katzung BG ,

editor. Bas ic and clinical pharmacology. 6th ed. Norwalk (C N): Appleton and Lange; 1995. p. 361-80.