Usmle Most Common
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Most Common… Addison’s AMI - children Aneurysm Aneurysm of Circle of Willis AV fistula Blindness Blindness - preventable Breast Mass Bug in Acute Endocarditis Bug in Bacterial Arthritis in young Adults Bug in Bacterial Meningitis – elderly Bug in Bacterial Meningitis – newborns Bug in Bacterial Meningitis – toddlers Bug in Bacterial Meningitis – young adults Bug in debilitated, hospitalized pneumonia pt Bug in Epiglottitis Bug in food poisoning Bug in GI Tract Bug in IV drug user bacteremia / pneumonia Bug in opportunistic infection of AIDS Bug in PID Bug in Pneumonia - Community - typical Bug in Pneumonia - Hospital aquired Bug in Pneumonia - Community - atypical Bug in Subacute Endocarditis Cancer - Leukemia - <14 yo Cancer - Leukemia - >60 yo Cancer - Leukemia - 15 -39 yo Cancer - Leukemia - 40 -60 yo Cancer in Gynecologic - malignancy Cancer in Infancy Cancer in Kids Cancer in Men Cancer in Women Cancer in Women - malignant Cancer of the Adrenal Medulla– adults Cancer of the Adrenal Medulla– kids Cancer of the Appendix Cancer of the Bone Cancer of the Bone - primary - adults Cancer of the Brain– Child Cancer of the Brain–Adult Cancer of the Breast Cancer of the Connective Tissue -benign Cancer of the Esophagus Cancer of the Esophagus Cancer of the Esophagus - malignant Cancer of the Heart - adults Cancer of the Heart - Primary– adults Cancer of the Heart - Primary– kids Cancer of the Liver Cancer of the Liver - benign Cancer of the liver - Primary Cancer of the liver - Primary, benign Cancer of the Mouth Cancer of the Mouth - upper lip Cancer of the Nasal cavities Cancer of the Ovary - benign Cancer of the Ovary - malignant
Autoimmune (2nd – infection) Kawasaki disease Abdominal aorta Anterior communicating a.; bitemporal hemianopsia Penetrating knife wound. Diabetic retinopathy Chlamydia Fibrocystic Change Carcinoma is the most common is post-menopausal women Staph aureus Neisseria gonorrhea Strep pneumoniae E. coli Hib Neisseria meningitidis Klebsiella Hib Staph aureus Bacteroides 2. E. coli Staph aureus CMV Pneumocystis carinii is most common overall N. Gonnorrhoeae or Chlamydia Strep pneumoniae 2. H. influenza 3. Klebsiella Klebsiella 2. Psuedomonas 3. E. coli Mycoplasma 2. Legionella Strep Viridans ALL CLL AML CML Endometrial Carcinoma Hemangioma Leukemia 2. Medulloblastoma of brain, cerebellum Prostate CA Leiomyoma aka fibroids Breast CA Pheochromocytoma Neuroblastoma Carcinoid - rare metastasis Metasteses from Breast & Prostate Multiple Myeloma Medulloblastoma (cerebellum) Astrocytoma (including Glioblastoma Multiforme) then: mets, meningioma, Schwannoma Infiltrating ductal adenocarcinoma Lipoma Leiomyoma SCCA SCC (60%) > adenocarcinoma (40%) Metasteses Myxoma “Ball Valve” Rhabdomyoma Metastasis; lung > GI Cavernous hemangioma Hepatocellular CA Cavernous Hemangioma SCC or Mucoepidermoid CA Basal Cell CA SCC Serous cystadenoma Serous cystadenocarcinoma
Cancer of the Pancreas Cancer of the Pituitary Cancer of the Placenta - benign Cancer of the Salivery Glands Cancer of the Skin Cancer of the Small Bowel Cancer of the Spleen - benign Cancer of the Stomach Cancer of the Testicles Cancer of the Thyroid Cancer that invades the Female GU tract Cancer; malignant lymphoma in kids Cancer; Site of metastasis Cancer; Site of metastasis (2nd most common) Cancer; Genetic Alteration Cardiomyopathy Carpal bone dislocation Carpal bone fx Chromosomal disorder Cirrhosis Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Congenital cardiac anomaly Congenital early cyanosis Congenital GI anomaly Coronary Artery thrombosis Cushings Death in Alzheimer pts Death in Diabetics Death in HTN Death in SLE pts. Death in USA Dementia Demyelinating Disease Diarrhea - children Dietary Deficiency Disk herniation End-stage Renal Disease Enzyme deficiency Fatal genetic defect in Caucasians Form of Amyloidosis Form of Tularemia GI obstruction Glomerulonephritis Heart Murmur Heart Valve in bacterial endocarditis Heart Valve in bacterial endocarditis in IV drug users Heart Valve involved in Rheumatic Fever Hereditary Bleeding Disorder Hernia Hypercalcemia Hyperparathyroidism - Primary Hyperparathyroidism - Secondary Hypertension Hypertension - children Hypertension - young women Hyperthyroidism Hypopituitarism - adults Hypopituitarism - kids Hypothyroidism
Adeno (usually in the head) Prolactinoma (2nd – Somatotropic “Acidophilic” Adenoma) Cavernous hemangioma Pleimorphic Adenoma Basal Cell Carcinoma Carcinoid - frequent metastasis from ileum Cavernous hemangioma Gastric Adenocarcinoma; intestinal type or diffuse type Seminoma Papillary Carcinoma Endometrial Adenocarcinoma Burkitt's lymphoma Regional Lymph Nodes Liver p53 Dilated (Congestive) Cardiomyopathy Lunate Scaphoid Down’s Alcohol 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency then, 11VSD membranous > muscular Tetralogy of Fallot Meckel's diverticulum LAD Exogenous Steroid Therapy (then, primary ACTH, Adrenal Adenoma, Ectopic ACTH) Pneumonia MI AMI 2. lenticulostriate stroke 3. renal failure (benign nephrosclerosis) Lupus Nephropathy Type IV (Diffuse Proliferative) Ischemic Heart Disease Alzheimer’s 2. Multi-Infarct Dementia Multiple Sclerosis Rotavirus Iron L4-L5 Diabetes 21 hydroxylase - 95% of CAH Cystic Fibrosis Immunologic Bence Jones protein in multiple myeloma is also called the Amyloid Light Chain Ulceroglandular Adhesions 2. Indirect inguinal hernia IgA nephropathy aka Berger's Mitral Valve Prolapse Mitral Tricuspid Mitral > Aortic Von Willebrand’s Disease Indirect hyperparathyroidism Adenomas (followed by: hyperplasia, then carcinoma) Hypocalcemia of Chronic Renal Failure Essential (95%) 2. Renal disease Renal disease; cystic disease, Wilm's tumor Oral contraceptives Graves' Disease Nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma Craniopharyngioma Hashimoto's thyroiditis
Intussusception Liver Disease Liver infection Location of Adult brain tumors Location of Childhood brain tumors Lysosomal Storage Disease Mental retardation Motor Neuron Disease Myocarditis Nephrotic Syndrome - adults Nephrotic Syndrome - kids Opportunistic infection in AIDS Peripheral Neuropathy Portal Hypertension Protozoal Diarrhea Pulmonary HTN Renal Failure Right Heart Failure Secondary Hypertension Sexually transmitted disease SIADH Single Gene Disorder Site of Diverticula Sites of atherosclerosis Surgical Emergency Thyroid disease Tracheoesophageal Fistula Type of Hodkin’s
terminal ileum into cecum Alcoholic Liver Disease Viral Hepatitis - HVA Above Tentorium Below Tentorium Gaucher’s Down’s or Fragile X , Fetal alcohol syndrome ALS Coxsackie B virus Membranous Glomerulonephritis Minimal Change Disease PCP Diabetes Cirrhosis Giardia COPD Acute tubular necrosis Left heart failure Renal disease Chlamydia Small Cell Carcinoma of the Lung Thalassemia Sigmoid Colon Abdominal aorta > coronary > popliteal > carotid Acute Appendicitis Goiter Lower esophagus : trachea / Upper esophagus : blind pouch Mixed Cellularity versus: lymphocytic predominance, lymphocytic depletion, nodular sclerosis
Type of Non-Hodgkin’s Vasculitis (of medium & small arteries) Viral Encephalitis Worm infection in US
Follicular, small cleaved Temporal Arteritis HSV Pinworm 2. Ascaris
Autoimmune (2nd – infection) Kawasaki disease Abdominal aorta Anterior communicating a.; bitemporal hemianopsia Penetrating knife wound. Diabetic retinopathy Chlamydia Fibrocystic Change Carcinoma is the most common is post-menopausal women Staph aureus Neisseria gonorrhea Strep pneumoniae E. coli Hib Neisseria meningitidis Klebsiella Hib Staph aureus Bacteroides 2. E. coli Staph aureus CMV Pneumocystis carinii is most common overall N. Gonnorrhoeae or Chlamydia Strep pneumoniae 2. H. influenza 3. Klebsiella Klebsiella 2. Psuedomonas 3. E. coli Mycoplasma 2. Legionella Strep Viridans ALL CLL AML CML Endometrial Carcinoma Hemangioma Leukemia 2. Medulloblastoma of brain, cerebellum Prostate CA Leiomyoma aka fibroids Breast CA Pheochromocytoma Neuroblastoma Carcinoid - rare metastasis Metasteses from Breast & Prostate Multiple Myeloma Medulloblastoma (cerebellum) Astrocytoma (including Glioblastoma Multiforme) then: mets, meningioma, Schwannoma Infiltrating ductal adenocarcinoma Lipoma Leiomyoma SCCA SCC (60%) > adenocarcinoma (40%) Metasteses Myxoma “Ball Valve” Rhabdomyoma Metastasis; lung > GI Cavernous hemangioma Hepatocellular CA Cavernous Hemangioma SCC or Mucoepidermoid CA Basal Cell CA SCC Serous cystadenoma Serous cystadenocarcinoma
Cancer of the Pancreas Cancer of the Pituitary Cancer of the Placenta - benign Cancer of the Salivery Glands Cancer of the Skin Cancer of the Small Bowel Cancer of the Spleen - benign Cancer of the Stomach Cancer of the Testicles Cancer of the Thyroid Cancer that invades the Female GU tract Cancer; malignant lymphoma in kids Cancer; Site of metastasis Cancer; Site of metastasis (2nd most common) Cancer; Genetic Alteration Cardiomyopathy Carpal bone dislocation Carpal bone fx Chromosomal disorder Cirrhosis Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Congenital cardiac anomaly Congenital early cyanosis Congenital GI anomaly Coronary Artery thrombosis Cushings Death in Alzheimer pts Death in Diabetics Death in HTN Death in SLE pts. Death in USA Dementia Demyelinating Disease Diarrhea - children Dietary Deficiency Disk herniation End-stage Renal Disease Enzyme deficiency Fatal genetic defect in Caucasians Form of Amyloidosis Form of Tularemia GI obstruction Glomerulonephritis Heart Murmur Heart Valve in bacterial endocarditis Heart Valve in bacterial endocarditis in IV drug users Heart Valve involved in Rheumatic Fever Hereditary Bleeding Disorder Hernia Hypercalcemia Hyperparathyroidism - Primary Hyperparathyroidism - Secondary Hypertension Hypertension - children Hypertension - young women Hyperthyroidism Hypopituitarism - adults Hypopituitarism - kids Hypothyroidism
Adeno (usually in the head) Prolactinoma (2nd – Somatotropic “Acidophilic” Adenoma) Cavernous hemangioma Pleimorphic Adenoma Basal Cell Carcinoma Carcinoid - frequent metastasis from ileum Cavernous hemangioma Gastric Adenocarcinoma; intestinal type or diffuse type Seminoma Papillary Carcinoma Endometrial Adenocarcinoma Burkitt's lymphoma Regional Lymph Nodes Liver p53 Dilated (Congestive) Cardiomyopathy Lunate Scaphoid Down’s Alcohol 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency then, 11VSD membranous > muscular Tetralogy of Fallot Meckel's diverticulum LAD Exogenous Steroid Therapy (then, primary ACTH, Adrenal Adenoma, Ectopic ACTH) Pneumonia MI AMI 2. lenticulostriate stroke 3. renal failure (benign nephrosclerosis) Lupus Nephropathy Type IV (Diffuse Proliferative) Ischemic Heart Disease Alzheimer’s 2. Multi-Infarct Dementia Multiple Sclerosis Rotavirus Iron L4-L5 Diabetes 21 hydroxylase - 95% of CAH Cystic Fibrosis Immunologic Bence Jones protein in multiple myeloma is also called the Amyloid Light Chain Ulceroglandular Adhesions 2. Indirect inguinal hernia IgA nephropathy aka Berger's Mitral Valve Prolapse Mitral Tricuspid Mitral > Aortic Von Willebrand’s Disease Indirect hyperparathyroidism Adenomas (followed by: hyperplasia, then carcinoma) Hypocalcemia of Chronic Renal Failure Essential (95%) 2. Renal disease Renal disease; cystic disease, Wilm's tumor Oral contraceptives Graves' Disease Nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma Craniopharyngioma Hashimoto's thyroiditis
Intussusception Liver Disease Liver infection Location of Adult brain tumors Location of Childhood brain tumors Lysosomal Storage Disease Mental retardation Motor Neuron Disease Myocarditis Nephrotic Syndrome - adults Nephrotic Syndrome - kids Opportunistic infection in AIDS Peripheral Neuropathy Portal Hypertension Protozoal Diarrhea Pulmonary HTN Renal Failure Right Heart Failure Secondary Hypertension Sexually transmitted disease SIADH Single Gene Disorder Site of Diverticula Sites of atherosclerosis Surgical Emergency Thyroid disease Tracheoesophageal Fistula Type of Hodkin’s
terminal ileum into cecum Alcoholic Liver Disease Viral Hepatitis - HVA Above Tentorium Below Tentorium Gaucher’s Down’s or Fragile X , Fetal alcohol syndrome ALS Coxsackie B virus Membranous Glomerulonephritis Minimal Change Disease PCP Diabetes Cirrhosis Giardia COPD Acute tubular necrosis Left heart failure Renal disease Chlamydia Small Cell Carcinoma of the Lung Thalassemia Sigmoid Colon Abdominal aorta > coronary > popliteal > carotid Acute Appendicitis Goiter Lower esophagus : trachea / Upper esophagus : blind pouch Mixed Cellularity versus: lymphocytic predominance, lymphocytic depletion, nodular sclerosis
Type of Non-Hodgkin’s Vasculitis (of medium & small arteries) Viral Encephalitis Worm infection in US
Follicular, small cleaved Temporal Arteritis HSV Pinworm 2. Ascaris
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