Unit I Lesson 3

Unit I Lesson 3 1. Adjective predicate: Chinese adjectives can function as verbs 1.1 Positive form: N4 zh1ng chu2ng h7n ru3n. 1.2 Negative form: Zh8 zh1ng chu2ng b* ru3n, h7n sh% .fu. 1.3 Question form: adj. b* adj….? Or adj……ma? Zh8 zh1ng chu2ng y=ng b^ y=ng? Zh8 zh1ng chu2ng y=ng .ma? 2. time words: subject + time words + verbs; or time words + subject + verbs The order of time words goes from big to little: Zu@ ti1n w3n sh4ng; J9n ti1n z3o sh4ng J9n ti1n w# y#u y= di3n b* sh% .f%. or w# j9n ti1n y#u y= di3n b* sh% .f^. 3. Adverbs that show different degrees: 3.1: y#u y= di3nr + adj.: (adj. Usually describe sth undesirable, y#u is obligatory) W# j9n ti1n y#u y= di3n l8i. N4 .ge l3o sh9 y#u y= di3n 3i. 3.2: b^ g$u + adj: not adj. enough w# .de chu2ng b^ g$u y=ng. 3.3: h7n + adj. : very adj. W% .zi h7n li4ng, su# y- h7n sh% .f^. 3.4: zh5n + adj.: indeed, really adj. zh8 .ge l3o sh9 zh5n h3o. zh8 .ge xu6 xi4o zh5n b^ cu$. 3.5: t4i adj. le: too adj. zh!ng gu@ r6n t4i du! Le. N8i zh1ng chu2ng t4i ji* le. 3.6: z8m & n8m + adj: as adj. as this/that chu1ng .hu z8m d4, m6n z8m g1o. zh8 .ge s* sh8 .de w% .zi d!u n8m xi3o. 3.7: du! .me adj .a.: how adj.; used in exclamation w# .men .de zh!ng w6n l3o sh9 du! .me h3o .a. n- .de chu2ng du! sh% .f^ .a. 4. subject 1 v/adj. sh= v/adj., k7 sh= / d4n sh=, (subject 2) v2: for making concessions: to be sure, yes zh8 .ge l3o sh9 h3o sh= h3o, k7 sh= y#u di3nr 3i. Xu6 xi4o y#u m0ng sh= y#u m0ng, k7 sh= t4i gu= le. 5. bi6 V le: don’t V anymore Bi6 shu! Le. Bi6 k4n le.