Unit 8- Explanation Text (2)

Unit 8/ kd 3.8/ xi ipa

explanation text

Name: ________________

After this unit, you’ll be able to comprehend and make conclusion from explanation text

explain ɪkˈspleɪn

[verb]

: the make something clear or easy to understand; to tell, to show, or be the reason for or cause of something (Oxford & Merriam-Webster)

What is

explanation text?

a text which tells processes relating to forming of natural, social, scientific and cultural phenomena.

Objective of the text: to explain the processes involved in the formation and working of natural or sociocultural phenomena.

Read the text below

How Aurora Happens An aurora (Latin word mean “sunrise”) is natural light display in the sky in the poles (north and south) caused by the collision of energetic charged particles with atoms in the high altitude atmosphere. In the northern latitude, the effect is known as aurora borealis (aurora: the goddess dawn, borealis: north wind). While in the Antarctic region, the effect is known as aurora australis. They illuminate the northern and southern horizon as greenish glow or sometimes faint red, occasionally blue but most often in fluorescent green. Auroras can be seen at night because their light is not as strong as the light of the day. The aurora phenomenon occurs when the sun produces solar wind. Solar wind is a stream of electrons and protons which are released from the sun due to the high kinetic energy. These particles are charged and contain energy, which means they contribute to electricity. In other way, our planet is surrounded by a supersized magnetic sheath which is usually called the Magnetic Field of the Earth. Sometimes this solar wind hits the Earth. Some of these charged particles lead to the poles of the earth at a speed that keeps growing. The collision between these particles and atoms present in the earth’s atmosphere, it releases the energy that

GENERAL STATEMENT

SEQUENCED EXPLANATION

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Unit 8/ kd 3.8/ xi ipa causes the formation of colorful auroras at the poles of the earth, which looks like a big circle around the pole. Why Aurora is only found in the earth’s poles? This is because the north and South Pole magnetic field is very strong compared to other regions. The poles of this magnetic field pull the protons and electrons from the solar wind. So the phenomenon is more common in the Polar Regions. However, sometimes the Aurora can also appear at the top of the mountain in a tropical climate, but this phenomenon is extremely rare. Aurora phenomena have been observed on other planets than Earth that have a magnetic field, such as Jupiter, Saturn and more recently Mars. It is believed to be a widespread phenomenon in the Solar System and beyond. source:writtenbychild.blogspot.com/2015/10/explanation-text-how-aurora-phenomena

Structure of the text: a. General statement

stating the phenomenon issues which are to be explained

b. Sequenced explanation

stating a series of steps which explain the phenomena

Language features of the text: a. Focus on generic, non-human participants b. Use chronological connection; to begin

d. Use simple present tense e. Use of action verbs f.

Use of noun phrases

with, next, etc.

g. Use of complex sentences

c. Use passive voice

h. Use of technical language

You’re going to watch a video called

“What would happen if you didn’t sleep?” Find the information about: 1. The effects that Randy Garner felt because of sleep deprivation 2. Chemicals that help inducing our sleeps 3. The effects of losing sleep 4. Fatal Familial Insomnia can lead the worst condition, such as: ….

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Unit 8/ kd 3.8/ xi ipa Discussion: 5. Do you have difficulty with your sleep? 6. What was your late sleeping hour? 7. Why do you think having enough sleep is important? 8. How do you manage your sleeping hour with your homework? LSTENING SESSION Complete these: 9. Randy Garner, a high school student, stayed awake for _________ 10. By day three, Garner was ____________ and uncoordinated. 11. At the end of experiment, he was struggling to __________________ , had troubled with short-term memory, become __________________ and started hallucinating. 12. Adults need _____ to _______ hours of sleep a night, and adolescents need ________ hours. 13. In the US, it’s estimated that __________ of adults and __________ of adolescents are regularly sleep-deprived. 14. Studies show that chronically sleeping __________ than 6 hours a night increase stroke risk by _______________ times. 15. Caffeine works by ________________ adenosine’s receptor pathways. 16. Lymphatic vessels have recently been discovered in the brain and may also play a role in __________________ the brain’s daily waste products.

CONNECTIVES kəˈnek.tɪv

[adjective]

Connectives connect and relate sentences and paragraphs. They assist in the logical flow of ideas as they signal the relationship between sentences and paragraphs. www.grammarbank.com

Try to complete these sentences with proper connectives 1. There have been many technological innovations (for/ due to/ since) the 1960s. 2. I have worked as a teacher (except for/ by/ for) more than a decade. 3. There’s no doubt that you’ll be successful (as long as / until / while) 4. I had a small accident (since / until / while) learning how to drive. 5. We need to hand in our projects ( until / by / due to) noon tomorrow. 6. I will not talk to you (although / until / the next time) you apologize to me. 7. (The next time / Due to / Except for) you lie to me to save the day, I’ll severely punish you. 8. We went camping (until/ despite / although) the bad weather. 9. (Although/ As long as / While) she has a bad cold, she wants to attend the class today. 10. There is nothing to eat (despite / for / except for) a few eggs.

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Unit 8/ kd 3.8/ xi ipa

Make your own sentences using 3 of the connectives/conjunctions: 1. _____________: ______________________________________________________________ 2. _____________: ______________________________________________________________ 3. _____________: ______________________________________________________________

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Unit 8/ kd 3.8/ xi ipa

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