Unit 5 Definitions

MODULE 5 DEFINITIONS FIELDS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS

ELECTRIC FIELD STRENGTH THE ELECTRIC FIELD STRENGTH AT A POINT IS THE FORCE FELT BY A UNIT CHARGE PLACED AT THAT POINT

ELECTRIC POTENTIAL THE ELECTRIC POTENTIAL AT A POINT IS THE ELECTRICAL POTENTIAL ENERGY PER UNIT CHARGE AT THAT POINT

COULOMB’S LAW THE FORCE BETWEEN TWO ELECTRIC CHARGES IS PROPORTIONAL TO THE PRODUCT OF THE TWO CHARGES AND INVERSELY PROPORTIONAL TO THE SQUARE OF THE DISTANCE BETWEEN THEM

NEWTONS UNIVERSAL LAW OF GRAVITATION THE FORCE BETWEEN TWO MASSES IS PROPORTIONAL TO THE PRODUCT OF THE MASSES AND INVERSELY PROPORTIONAL TO THE DISTANCE BETWEEN THEIR CENTRES.

GRAVITATIONAL FIELD STRENGTH THE GRAVITATIONAL FIELD STRENGTH AT A POINT IS THE FORCE FELT ON A UNIT MASS PLACED AT THAT POINT.

GRAVITATIONAL POTENTIAL THE GRAVITATIONAL POTENTIAL AT A POINT IS THE GRAVITATIONAL POTENTIAL ENERGY PER UNIT MASS AT THAT POINT(BY CONVENTION THE G.P.E. OF A MASS IS TAKEN TO BE ZERO AT INFINITE DISTANCE FROM ALL OTHER MASSES.

THE STRONG NUCLEAR FORCE A VERY SHORT RANGE FORCE (A FEW FEMTOMETRES) BETWEEN QUARKS AND HADRONS RESPONSIBLE FOR HOLDING THE NUCLEUS TOGETHER.

MAGNETIC FIELD STRENGTH THE MAGNETIC FIELD STRENGTH AT A POINT IS THE FORCE FELT ON A WIRE OF LENGTH 1m CARRYING A CURRENT OF 1A AT RIGHT-ANGLES TO THE FIELD

FARADAY’S LAW OF ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION THE MAGNITUDE OF THE INDUCED emf IS EQUAL TO THE RATE OF FLUX CUTTING OR RATE OF CHANGE OF FLUX LINKAGE.

LENZ’S LAW THE DIRECTION OF THE INDUCED emf ALWAYS PRODUCES A CURRENT WHICH OPPOSES THE CHANGE WHICH PRODUCES THE emf.

NUCLEAR BINDING ENERGY THE ENERGY REQUIRED TO TO SEPARATE THE NUCLEONS IN A NUCLEUS TO INFINITY.

DECAY CONSTANT THE PROBABILITY THAT A GIVEN NUCLEUS IN A GIVEN NUCLIDE WILL DECAY PER UNIT TIME (NORMALLY ONE SECOND)

HALF-LIFE THE TIME TAKEN FOR HALF THE NUCLEI IN A GIVEN SAMPLE TO DECAY.