Um Interface And Radio Channels

Um Interface and Radio Channels www.huawei.com

Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Contents  Overview  Processing of Voice Signal  Radio Channel

Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page2

Radio Interface Ano ther M SC PS TN ISD N

BT S BSC MS

A- bis

A

MSC/VL R

HL R/AUC

MS

Um

SMC

OMC

Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page3

Hierarchical Structure of Um Interface Communication management (CM) Networ k appl icati on l ayer ( L3) Mobility and security management (MM) Radio resources management (RR)

Data l ink layer ( L2)

RAC H

Ph ysi cal li nk lay er ( L1)

Integrated management

BC CH

AG CH/PC H

SD CC H

SA CC H

TC H

FA CC H

TCH 0 TC H1 TC H2 。。 SA CC H 。。 TC H2 3 I DL Mul tifr am e

Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page4

Radio Access Technology Time

Tim e

TDM A

FDMA

Freq ue ncy

Freq ue ncy

Time CDM A Co de

Freq uen cy

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Page5

Radio Access Technology Tim e

Time

TDM A

FDM A

Freque ncy

Freq uen cy

Time CDM A Cod e

Freq ue ncy Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page6

Contents  Overview  Processing of Voice Signal  Radio Channel

Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page7

Voice Signal Processing

A/D

Vo ice

8K Hz ， 13bi t

20m s Se gme nta tio n

Speech co din g

13kb it/s

Chann el codi ng

22.8k bi t/s

Inter leavi n g

Encr yptio n

Bur st for matt ing

33 .8k bi t/ s

Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Modul ati on

Page8

Tr ansm issi on

Speech Coding 

The coding mode is called Regular Pulse ExcitedLong Term Prediction (RPE-LTP).



It works as follow: 8KHZ of sampling is performed first, then divided into frames with 20ms; every frame has 4 sub-frames; the duration of every subframe is 5ms; and the pure bit rate is 13kbit/s.

Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page9

Channel Coding +3 50 bit

*2+4

Block co der

13 2bit

Excite d code r

78 bit

Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page10

456b it

Interleaving

B

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 ...

... 45 2 4 53 454 45 5 456

Fir st inte rlea ving B0 :

... .

B1

B2

B3

B4

B5

B6

B7

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

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.

.

.

.

449

450

451

452

453

454

455

456

... .

Sec ond inte rle avin g:

{A4,B0 }

{A5,B1}

{A6,B2 }

{A7 ,B3 }

{ B4 ,C0 }

{B5 ,C1 }

Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page11

{B6,C2 }

{B7,C3 }

Interleaving

B

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 ...

... 45 2 4 53 454 45 5 456

Fir st inte rlea ving B0 :

... .

B1

B2

B3

B4

B5

B6

B7

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

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.

.

.

.

449

450

451

452

453

454

455

456

... .

Sec ond inte rle avin g:

{A4,B0 }

{A5,B1}

{A6,B2 }

{A7 ,B3 }

{ B4 ,C0 }

{B5 ,C1 }

Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page12

{B6,C2 }

{B7,C3 }

Voice Burst

3

57

1

26

1

Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

57

Page13

3

Timing Advance (TA) Th e mo bi le p hone sh oul d send t he sig nal i n advan ce!!

TA Tran smis sion de lay t

Tran smis sion de lay t

Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page14

Timing Advance (TA) Th e mo bi le phone sh oul d send t he sig nal in a dvanc e!!

TA Tran smis sion de lay t Tran smis sion de lay t

Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page15

Frequency Hopping Frequency f0 f1 f2 f3 f4 Frame

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Time

Page16

Frequency Hopping Frequency

f0 f1 f2 f3 f4 Time

Frame

Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page17

DTX 

DTX: Discontinuous Transmission 

Shut off the transmission at voice intervals;



Only transmit SID frames’



The transcoder at the RX terminal produces comfortable noise.



VAD: Voice Activity Detection 

Implemented by the transcoder.

Prolong battery life and reduce interference

Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page18

DTX 

DTX: Discontinuous Transmission 

Shut off the transmission at voice intervals;



Only transmit SID frames’



The transcoder at the RX terminal produces comfortable noise.



VAD: Voice Activity Detection 

Implemented by the transcoder.

Prolong battery life and reduce interference

Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page19

Power Control 

Prolong battery life



Reduce network interference



Include both uplink power control and downlink power control



Level and quality are taken into account



BSC or BTS is the final adjudicator Si gnal lev el

Ta rget le vel val ue: e.g. - 85 dm

BCC H Car rier is not inv olv ed in pow er cont rol.

Ti me

Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page20

Contents  Overview  Processing of Voice Signal  Radio Channel

Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page21

Frame and Channel Freq uen cy

200 kHz

Ti me

BP Slit 15/ 26 ms Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page22

Definition of Logical Channel TDMA FRAME

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

0

1

2

3

200K 577 µs

Physical Channel Logical channel Logical channel

different message types

Logical channel Logical channel Logical channel

Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page23

Burst • Access burst (AB): Used in MS initial access Tail bit

8bit

Data 41 synchronous bits

Guard interval

Tail bit

36 encrypted bits

3bit

68.25bit

• Frequency correction burst (FB): Used in frequency synchronization between MS and BTS Tail bit

Data

3bit

142bit

Tail bit

Guard interval

3bit

8.25bit

• Synchronous burst (SB): Used in timing synchronization between MS and BTS Tail bit

Data

3bit

39 encrypted bits

Data 64 synchronous bits

Tail bit

39 encrypted bits

Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page24

Guard interval

3bit 8.25bit

Burst • Normal burst (NB): Used to carry the information of the traffic channel and the control channel except for RACH Tail bit

Data

3bit

57 encrypted bits

Data

Training sequence

1 26bit 1

57 encrypted bits

Tail bit Guard interval

3bit

8.25bit

Frame stealing flag

• Dummy burst (DB): Used in transmission of filling frames by BTS at timeslots when there is no information delivered Tail bit

3bit

Tail bit

3bit

142 modulation bits

Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page25

Guard interval

8.25bit

Logical Channel Type 

GSM900 and DCS1800 have the same logical channel category

Lo gic al c han ne l

De dic ate d c han ne l (DC H)

Com mo n c ha nne l (C CH )

Bro adc ast c ontro l channel (BC H)

FCC H

SCH

Common control channel (CC CH )

BCCH PCH (system inform ati on)

AGCH

RA CH

Voice channel (TCH )

Contro l channel

FAC CH

SDCC H

SAC CH

Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page26

TCH /F

TCH /H

Downlink Logical Channel Common Channel

BCCH

FCCH SCH BCCH

CCCH

PCH AGCH

SDCCH

Dedicated Channel

DCCH

SACCH FACCH

TCH

TCH/F TCH/H

Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page27

Downlink Logical Channel Common Channel

BCCH

FCCH SCH BCCH

CCCH

PCH AGCH

SDCCH

Dedicated Channel

DCCH

SACCH FACCH

TCH

TCH/F TCH/H

Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page28

Uplink Logical Channel

RACH

CCCH

Common channel

SDCCH SACCH

DCCH

FACCH TCH/F TCH/H

Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

TCH

Page29

Dedicated channel

Uplink Logical Channel

RACH

CCCH

Common channel

SDCCH SACCH

DCCH

FACCH TCH/F TCH/H

Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

TCH

Page30

Dedicated channel

Use of Logical Channels Power-on

Search for frequency correction burst Search for synchronous burst Listen to the system information

Idle mode

Dedicated mode

Monitor paging message

FCCH SCH BCCH PCH

Send access burst

RACH

Allocate signaling channel

AGCH

Set up the call

SDCCH

Allocate voice channel

SDCCH

Conversation

TCH FACCH

Release the call Idle mode

Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page31

Physical Combination of Logical Channel 26-frame multi-frame TCH/F+SACCH/F (full-rate TCH) TCH/H+SACCH/H (half-rate TCH)

51-frames multi-frame FCCH+SCH+BCCH+CCCH (main BCCH) FCCH+SCH+BCCH+CCCH+SDCCH/4+SACCH/4 (combined BCCH) BCCH+CCCH (extended BCCH) SDCCH/8+SACCH/8 (main SDCCH)

Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page32

Structure of Main BCCH 1 multi-frame (51TDMA Frames) 235.38ms Downlink Group3, 4

Group

Group1

Group2

(same

Grpup5

as

Channel Frame

F

S

BX4

CX4

F

Numbe

0

1

2-5

6-9

10

r

S

CX4

CX4

1

12-

16-

1

15

19

Group2) …… 20-39

F

S

CX4

CX4

4

4

42-

46-

0

1

45

49

I 50

1 multi-frame (51TDMA Frames) 235.38ms Uplink Channe l

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R……R

R

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13-46

47

Frame Numbe r

F:FCCH; S:SCH; B:BCCH; C:CCCH; R:RACH; I:IDLE Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page33

R

R

R

4

4

5

8

9

0

Structure of Combined BCCH

1 multi-frame (51TDMA Frames) 235.38ms Downlink

Group

Group1

Channel

F

Channel

F

Frame

0

Number

S

S

1

Group2

B

C

×

×

4

Group3

C

C

×

×

4

4

4

B

C

C

C

×

×

×

×

4

4

4

4

2-

6-

12

16

5

9

-

-

15

19

F

F

10

S

S

11

F

F

20

S

S

21

Group4

Grpup5

D

D

D

D

0

1

2

3

×

×

×

×

4 D

4 D

4 D

4 D

0

1

2

3

×

×

×

×

4 22

4 26

4 32

4 36

-

-

-

-

25

29

35

39

F

S

F

30

S

31

1 multi-frame (51TDMA Frames) 235.38ms

F

A0

A1

×

×

4

4

A2

A3

×

×

4

4

42

46

-

-

45

49

S

F

S

40

41

I

I

50

Uplink

Channel

D3×4

R

R

A2×4

A3×4

R……R

D0×4

D1×4

R

R

D2×4

Channel

D0×4

R

R

A0×4

A1×4

R……R

D0×4

D1×4

R

R

D2×4

0-3

4

5

6-9

10-13

14-36

37-40

41-44

45

46

47-50

Frame Number

F:FCCH; S:SCH; B:BCCH; C:CCCH; D:SDCCH ;A:SACCH; R:RACH; I:IDLE Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page34

Structure of Logical Channel Combination Frame-Main SDCCH 1 multi-frame (51TDMA Frames) 235.38ms Downlink Channel

Channel Frame Number

D0

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D6

D7

A0

A1

A2

A3

×4

×4

×4

×4

×4

×4

×4

×4

×4

×4

×4

×4

D0

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D6

D7

A4

A5

A6

A7

×4

×4

×4

×4

×4

×4

×4

×4

×4

×4

×4

×4

0-3

4-7

8

12-

16-

20-

24-

28-

32-

36-

40-

-11

15

19

23

27

31

35

39

43

I

I

I

I

I

I

44-

4

4

5

47

8

9

0

1 multi-frame (51TDMA Frames) 235.38ms Uplink Channel

Channel Frame Number

A5

A6

A7

×4

×4

×4

A1

A2

A3

×4

×4

×4

0-3

4-7

8 -11

I

I

I

I

I

I

12

13

14

D0

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D6

D7

A0

×4

×4

×4

×4

×4

×4

×4

×4

×4

D0

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D6

D7

A4

×4

×4

×4

×4

×4

×4

×4

×4

×4

23-

27-

31-

35-

39-

43-

47-

26

30

34

38

42

46

50

1518

19 22

D:SDCCH; A:SACCH; I:IDLE Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page35

Structure of Logical Channel Combination Frame-TCH 1 multi-frame (26TDMA Frames) 120ms

Channel

Frame Number

T

T

T

T

T

T

0

1

2

3

4

5

T…T

6… 11

A

12

T,,,T

13… 18

T

T

T

T

T

T

I

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

T:TCH;A:SACCH; I:IDLE

Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page36

Frame 1 hyper frame=2048 super-frames=2715648TDMA frames (3 hours, 28 minutes, 53 seconds and 760 milliseconds) 0

TCH SACCH/T FACCH

1

2

3

2045

2044

2046

1 super-frame=1326TDMA frames (6.12 seconds) 1

0 0

2

3

47

1

0

1

1

49

24

1 multiframe=26TDMA frames (120ms) 0

48

24

BCCH CCCH SDCCH

25

1 multiframe=51TDMA frames (3060/13ms) 25

1

0

1TDMA frame=8 timeslots (120/26=4.615ms) 2 3 4 5 6

49

26 training TB 58 information bits sequences 3 Frequency correction burst (FB) TB Constant bit 142 3 TB Information bit 39 Extended training sequence 64 Synchronous burst (SB) 3 TB Synchronous sequence 41 TB Information bit 36 3 Access burst (AB) 3

50

7

1 timeslot=156.25 bit duration (15/26=0.577ms) (1 bit duration: 48/13=3.68us) Normal burst (NB)

50

2047

58 information bits

Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Information bit 39 GP 68.25

Page37

TB 3 TB 3

GP 8.25 GP 8.25

TB GP 3 8.25

TB: Tail bit GP: Guard period

Frame 1 hyper frame=2048 super-frames=2715648TDMA frames (3 hours, 28 minutes, 53 seconds and 760 milliseconds) TCH SACCH/T FACCH

0

1

2

3

2045

2044

2046

1 super-frame=1326TDMA frames (6.12 seconds) 1

0

2

0

3

47

1

49

24

1 multiframe=26TDMA frames (120ms) 0

48

1

50

2047 BCCH CCCH SDCCH

25

1 multiframe=51TDMA frames (3060/13ms)

24

25

0

1

49

50

1TDMA frame=8 timeslots (120/26=4.615ms) 0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 timeslot=156.25 bit duration (15/26=0.577ms) (1 bit duration: 48/13=3.68us) TB 58 information bits 3 Frequency correction burst (FB) TB 3 TB Information bit 39 Synchronous burst (SB) 3 TB Synchronous sequence 41 Access burst (AB) 3 Normal burst (NB)

26 training sequences

58 information bits

Constant bit 142 Extended training sequence 64 Information bit 36

TB GP 3 8.25

TB GP 3 8.25 TB GP Information bit 39 3 8.25

TB 3

Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

GP 68.25

Page38

TB: Tail bit GP: Guard period

Configuration of Common Control Channel

Do wnlink CC CH

PCH

Uplink C CCH

AGCH

RACH

How t o dete rmin e t he tota l CCCH r esou rces of th e cel l? How to all oca te A GCH and P CH r ea sona bl y?

Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page39

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