Thesis Report-vardhan-15031aa016.docx

THESIS REPORT ECO-TOURISM RESORT pundari vardhan gunti 15031AA016 1/25/2019

INDEX               

INTRODUCTION TO TOURISM ECO-TOURISM TYPES OF ECO-TOURISM INTRODUCTION TO RESORT TYPES OF RESORT ECO-TOURISM RESORT HISTORY OF RESORTS IMPORTANCE OF RESORT FACILITIES ACTIVITIES MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES STANDARDS CASE STUDY TYPOLOGY

REPORT-

ECO-TOURISM RESORT

TOURISMTourism is travel for pleasure or business; also the theory and practice of touring, the business of attracting, accommodating, and entertaining tourists, and the business of operating tours

 World’s largest industry.  Fastest growing economic sector.



Positive and negative impact on the environment and people’s life.

individual tourism

tourism mass tourism

alternative tourism

ECO-TOURISMEco-tourism is an environmentally responsible way of travelling to a natural location. Eco-tourism promotes conservation of the environment and helps improve the lives of the local people. This type of tourism is valuable in the conservation and protection of local sites. It helps struggling communities, create a source of income through tourism while maintaining their way of life.

According to the United Nations, the principles of eco-tourism are:

    

Minimizing the impact of tourism on nature and culture Educating tourists to the importance of conservation Promoting responsible business practices Providing financial benefits for the conservation of the natural areas Educating the traveller on the local community and its culture

ECO SYSTEM

SUSTAINABILITY

ECOTOURISM

TOURISM

.

Types of eco-tourismAgritourism Agritourism is a form of ecotourism that attracts tourists and volunteers to the rural culture. It encourages visitors to explore agricultural life in rural communities first hand, contributing to the improvement of income in regional populations. The goal essentially is to improve the economic development of small farms and rural communities. Visitors can participate in agricultural work alongside farmers in the fields, haul in

nets with fishermen and help manage livestock on a ranch. Even shopping from local farmer produce stands while on vacation is a means of contributing to the betterment of rural development.

Community Development Community based ecotourism provides travelers the opportunity to experience cultural and economic realities of life, most often in developing countries. Travelers stay with a local family to learn about daily living, customs, traditions and ways to benefit the community. The host community benefits by generating revenue, which increases economic stability while reducing the community`s need to participate in unsustainable forms of economic support, such as resource extraction. The individual host earns money for providing food and accommodations, and the community benefits when a portion of that income is set aside for broader projects.

Eco lodging An Eco lodge is an accommodation venue for tourists, built with minimum impact on the surrounding natural environment. It is built to meet particular standards for alternative, sustainable means of water acquisition and careful waste disposal. It utilizes alternative, passive energy consumption designs to limit its impact on the surrounding natural and cultural environment. Types of Eco lodges include luxury African tents, alpine huts, and tea houses in Nepal and rustic lean-tos in Belize. Often Eco lodge owners offer tours from knowledgeable locals to familiarize visitors with the area and instill a sense of respect for the culture, people and environment.

Eco Trekking Eco treks are designed to increase a traveler’s awareness about the natural and cultural environment of a particular region. Visitors learn about local threats to the environment and habitats, as well as current and potential preservation techniques. Eco treks are often arranged by for-profit organizations, and a portion of the proceeds sometimes goes to support the local population. Individuals interested in eco trekking can choose from a wide range of excursions to exotic destinations. Activities can include white water rafting, rock climbing, caving, hiking, and bird-watching and nature walks.

RESORTA resort is a self-contained commercial establishment that tries to provide most of a vacationer’s wants such as food, drink, lodging, sports, entertainment, and shopping on the premises .The term resort may be used for a hostel property that provides an array entertainment and recreation activity. The main purpose of a resort is to offer relaxation and recreation in addition to accommodation, meals and other basic facilities while the main purpose of a hotel is to provide lodging and meals for its guests. The location of these two establishments is another difference; a resort is often established in a scenic environment while

a hotel is situated in a more central, busy area. Moreover, resorts have comparatively large extents of land than hotels since they provide a variety of activities.

TYPE OF RESORTS                     

All-Inclusive Resorts Beach Resorts Golf Resorts Island Resorts Lake Resorts Luxury Resorts Mountain Resorts Pet-Friendly Resorts Ski Resorts Spa Resorts Theme Park Resorts Tropical Resorts Historical Resorts Dude Ranch Singles Resorts Fishing Resorts Couples Resorts Ecotourism Resorts Clothing-Optional Resorts Adult-Only Resorts Family Resorts Casino Resorts

ECO TOURISM RESORT OR HUB   

An eco-resort not only offers eco-friendly sightseeing, but the accommodation, transport and cooking methods are also ecofriendly. An eco-resort protects the environment, benefits local communities, and helps guests learn about local surroundings. There are low impact designs that allow you to visit but with the least impact possible on the local environment where the eco-resort is located. An eco-resort is a resort area for eco tourists that have been specifically built with all the best interests of nature, wildlife and the local people.



Eco-resort is not just for leisure but offers the tourists a complete eco-experience.

SUSTAINABILITYSustainability means meeting our own needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs Three pillars of sustainability are:

ENVIRONEMENT

ECONOMY

ECO-TOURISM

SOCIETYT

Environmental Sustainability Ecological integrity is maintained, all of earth’s environmental systems are kept in balance while natural resources within them are consumed by humans at a rate where they are able to replenish themselves.

Economic SustainabilityHuman communities across the globe are able to maintain their independence and have access to the resources that they require, financial and other, to meet their needs. Economic systems are intact and activities are available to everyone, such as secure sources of livelihood.

Social SustainabilityUniversal human rights and basic necessities are attainable by all people, who have access to enough resources in order to keep their families and communities healthy and secure. Healthy communities have just leaders who ensure personal, labor and cultural rights are respected and all people are protected from discrimination

HISTORYTourism in India is probably as old as its 5000 plus year old culture. The post second world war period saw an unprecedented growth in international tourism. Tourism, unlike other development options such as manufacturing, mining, forestry etc. was widely perceived to be a clean and renewable industry. Because it drew upon ‘free’ natural, historical, social and cultural resources it was thought to be less capital intensive in its requirements for development. Tourism, as it is known today; began in India only after 1946, following the recommendations of the Sargent Committee. It was only after the 1980’s tourism activity gained momentum in India. In India tourism and its development in an organized manner has received attention over 45 years only. The significant development that took place was setting up of the Indian Tourism Development Corporation in 1966 to promote India as a tourist destination and the Tourism Finance Corporation in 1989 to finance tourism projects. Altogether, 21 Government-run hotel management and catering technology institutes and 14 food craft institutes were also established for imparting specialized training in hoteliering. The Ministry of Tourism is the nodal agency for the development and promotion of tourism in India and catering. In the year 1986, Tourism has been declared as ‘Tourism Industry’ by the government of India. On March 4, 1993, the United Nations Statistical Commission adopted WTO’s (World Tourism Organization’s) recommendations on tourism. Ecotourism has received much attention in recent years especially within the developing world. Ecotourism in simple terms means management of tourism and conservation of nature in a way so as to maintain a fine balance between the requirements of tourism and ecology on the one hand and needs of the local communities for jobs, new skills, income generating employment and a better status for women on the other. Tourism policy provides the guidelines, goals and objectives and tourism planning is the process of identifying objectives and defining evaluations. In India the emergence of alternative tourism promotes natural and cultural events and others. Few promising alternative tourism paths include green tourism, ecotourism, eco cultural tourism, heritage tourism etc. Ecotourism developed in India in 1970s and 1980s. Ecotourism was globally identified as a means of achieving twin goals of bio diversity conservation and sustainable development. Both shortterm goals and long term goals can be achieved without sacrificing one’s own interests. Sustainable tourism and nature tourism are umbrella concepts that include ecotourism.

Atidhi Devo Bhavah The traditional treatment of a visitor in India is based on the mythological concept of Atidhi Devo Bhavah (Guest is God). This was the mantra of the Indian tourism sector. The Tourism

Ministry has launched the “Atithi Devo Bhavah” campaign under an ambitious program to attract more tourists. The concept is aimed at capacity building for service providers and stakeholders in the tourism sector to make the tourists aware of the benefits in India and the need to treat them with traditional care and utmost courtesy. This has been further boosted by the New National Tourism Policy, which revolves round a framework-Government led, private sector driven and community welfare oriented. The tenth plan approach to the sector was also aimed at ensuring that the tourist to India gets “physically invigorated, mentally rejuvenated, culturally enriched, spiritually elevated and feels India within him”. A countrywide awareness campaign for sensitizing the public against Garbage and Graffiti at monuments has been launched under the title “Atidhi Devo Bhavah” for preservation and protection of heritage monuments and tourist sites in the country. The origin of resorts can be traced back to the second century B.C. to the public baths of Rome. The first baths were small, modest and separated the genders. Eventually, the baths became larger, more elaborate and were opened to both men and women. These baths were large buildings built at the public’s expense. Some were even built by wealthy emperors who wanted to make statement. Most baths were even built by wealthy emperors who wanted to make a statement. Most baths were free but few had small entrance fees. Baths were much like resorts of today because of all the amenities offered at their location. After bathing there was always plenty to do. Most baths included gyms, libraries, snack bars, restaurants, shops, lounges, taverns, museums and theatres. The facilities were used for health and social purposes The first noteworthy resort area was developed in Belgium in 1326 in a town now called Spa. An ironmaster, named Colin le Loup, was cured of a long-term illness when he bathed in the iron-rich waters near Liege. He opened a shelter there and the town surged in popularity. Spa means fountain. The popularity of spas and resorts in England is a result of King Charles II visiting trendy hot spots in the 1600s. Today, royalty and superstars still seem to set trends of where the best places to go are. Many English spas are unique because they have gambling and dancing. Spas also became popular because of the medical benefits that were attributed to them such as waters that were rich in certain minerals and could cure ailments. The Swiss resort industry was developed in the 1800s to aid the need of private resort facilities for more prosperous people. At the time, travel was not simple. People who traveled to resorts stayed for long periods of time – up to two months to get the best value for their travel expenses. This led to resort facilities being built to accommodate a guest better than your average inn. Hotel Baur au Lac, built in Zurich, was the first resort to utilize the value of a scenic view. At first, Switzerland resorts were seen as summer places, but soon skiing became popular as well as gambling

BATH OF CARACALLA Roman Baths

       

Men and women separated First baths were in 2BC Baths became more ornate and offered more services All social classes allowed bathing Middle Ages saw a sharp decline in bathing due to association with Ancient Rome Most Roman cities had several baths Bath England (AD 54) Baths of Caracalla (AD 217)

BATH OF CARACALLA IMPORTANCEIn the words of Mark Twain, ‘India is a fabulous world of splendor and rags, the one country under the sun with an imperishable interest, the one land that all men desire to see’. The diversity of wildlife in India is as rich as those of the flora and fauna found only in Africa. The great wealth of Indian wildlife can be imagined with the sight of the majestic elephants, the dance of the peacock, the camel’s stride, the roar of the lion are unparalleled acts of beauty. This accounts for the immense opportunities for wildlife tourism in India. Ecotourism development has entered an exciting phase in North India. The Indian Ocean, Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal offer a very large coastline. India is one of the 12-mega bio-diverse countries of the world and has a rich cultural heritage too. It has a vast potential for ecotourism that needs to be tapped for healthy conservation and preservation of nature and bringing about economic benefits to the local communities. Ecotourism in India has developed recently, for the concept itself is a relatively new one. India has spectacularly attractive natural and cultural tourist attractions. India offers enormous

diversity in topography, natural resources and climate. There are land-locked mountainous regions, lush valleys and plains, white sandy beaches and islands. Central India has numerous wildlife sanctuaries with countless varieties of flora and fauna The most significant feature of the ecotourism industry in India is its capacity to generate largescale employment opportunities, particularly in remote and underdeveloped area. It offers enormous potential for utilizing natural resources like landscapes, mountains, bio-diversity areas, rivers etc. for the benefit of people. Ecotourism is not only a travel statement; it gives the message of our relationship with nature and its own inhabitants. India became a very common name for ecotourism, because of its natural resources and beauty. Ecotourism focuses on Indian local cultures, wilderness, adventures, and environmental protection. In India the movement is gathering momentum with more travel and travel related organizations for addressing the needs of the eco tourists and promoting ecotourism in the country. The following factors may be considered for the potential of ecotourism industry in India: •

•

•

•

To increase foreign exchange: - Ecotourism is one of the important industries that earn foreign exchange for a country without actually exporting any material goods. The income from ecotourism has tended to increase at a higher rate than merchandise export in a number of countries. To help in the development of infrastructure facilities: - Development and improvement of infrastructure facilities are another important benefit offered by the ecotourism industry. A variety of secondary industries may be promoted which may not serve the needs of ecotourism. Thus, indirectly; tourist expenditure may be responsible for stimulating other economic activities of a country. To help in balanced regional development: - Tourism development greatly benefits underdeveloped regions of a country. These economically backward regions mostly have places of high scenic beauty which if developed for the tourism industry, will help to bring a lot of prosperity to the local people. To help in generating employment: - Tourism industry is highly labour intensive service industry that generates employment for highly skilled, semiskilled and unskilled labor in sectors like hotels, restaurants, travel agencies, tourism offices, shops etc.

• To help in maintaining peace and understanding: - Tourism plays an important role in promoting international goodwill. It creates awareness and appreciation of other countries culture and nature.

The proposed concept approaches two specific aspects that are related to each other, ecotourism and sustainable architecture. Eco-tourism is about the care for nature, trying to conserve our environment, with as minimal impact to our surroundings as possible. Sustainable architecture tries to minimize the negative environmental impact on the environment by buildings by enhancing efficiency and careful use of materials, energy, and space efficiency. In many cases however, we as designers are not aware of “sustainable” architecture and its real meaning. With new discoveries and technologies, we have forgotten how to build with the environment. Therefore, the main challenge for us as designers is to find solutions which do not disturb the environment. With this issue, my major scheme is to link these two systems that relate in a particular way without harming our surroundings. Ecotourism involves many aspects in a worldwide state, for example: The quality of life; historic precedent; social life; cultural life, economic activities, etc. We are surrounded by natural resources that we currently take for granted.

National Eco-Tourism Policy and Guidelines of the Ministry of Tourism, Government of India The National Ecotourism Policy and Guidelines of the Ministry of Tourism after considering the national policy on tourism has identified the following cardinal principles for the development of ecotourism:• • • •

It should involve the local community and lead to the overall economic development of the area It should identify the likely conflicts between resource use for tourism and the livelihood of local inhabitants and attempt to minimize such conflicts The type and scale of tourism development should be compatible with the environment and socio cultural characteristics of the local community and, It should be planned as a part of the overall area development strategy, guided by an integrated land use plan while avoiding inter sectorial conflicts and ensuring sectorial integration, associated with commensurate expansion of public services

• The new policy is built around the 7-s Mantra of Swaagat (welcome), Soochanaa (information), Suvidhaa (facilitation), Surakshaa (security), Sahyog (cooperation), Sanrachnaa (infrastructure) and Safaai (cleanliness).

Guidelines for regulation of private resorts, home stays, institutions, other entities in revenue enclose and around the protected area

Regulation for tourists/ visitors entering the protected areas

• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

Abide by the PA rule Don’t enter the PA with fire/ explosives. Obtain permission before entering the PA. Don’t carry transistor and tape recorder into the PA. Obey the park guide Don’t blow horn Speed limit to be fixed for vehicles moving inside the PA, recommended Maximum speed is 20km/h Don’t litter with cans, bottles, etc Always carry drinking water. Don’t get down unless told by guide Don’t remove any forest property Smoking is prohibited Animals have the first right of way Consumption of alcohol inside park/PA is prohibited Use of polythene inside the park/PA is strictly prohibited No pets are allowed inside the park.

Regulation for resorts located in and around the park and protected areas • • • • • • • •

•

Environmental friendly environment should be created Use of solar energy and LPG to be encouraged and to me made mandatory in time frame Establishment of units for recycling of solid waste, liquid waste to be encouraged and to me made mandatory in time frame Ban on use of loud music Bonfire/ Camp fire prohibited Use of led bulbs to be encouraged and to me made mandatory in time frame Literature about flora and fauna including bird check lists to be provided Felling of trees, drastic change in agriculture systems and commercial use of natural water resources, including groundwater harvesting and setting up of hotels and resorts, are the activities regulated in the areas. Activities permitted in the areas include ongoing agriculture and horticulture practices by local communities, rainwater harvesting, and organic farming, adoption of green technology and use of renewable energy sources.

FACILITIES            

Cottages Swimming pool Office space Tourism desk Organic kitchen and restaurant Sport zone Workshop area Shops Wi-Fi Sight seeing Community meeting hall Local gathering place spa

Activities     

Site seeing Trekking Interaction with local communities Local farming Fishing Cultural activities

MATERIALS –

Stone 

In producing an area that does not conflict with nature, you must consider using natural materials to ornament your building.



Through these materials the ornamentation will be subtle. The first material that can be used is stone.



Its abundance and its virtually unlimited texture, both natural and machined, can make for a naturally beautiful envelope for any building. Like texture, stones' shape can be just as unlimited both in nature as in man-made. And here shapes can be arranged in a variety of patterns.



Its natural strength allows it to be used as a structural element also, as a foundation system, footing system or load bearing walls.



Its natural properties give it good insulation possibilities as well as thermal mass heat transfer potential. Stone will be the major material for this project. It will be used mostly on the

exterior and sparingly on the interior. The stone can be used structurally and nonstructural. Because its pattern can be controlled, it will allow for the opportunity to apply a subtle ornamentation to the building



Glass Another material that can be used to achieve closeness to nature is glass. Glass, man- made rather than naturally, allows for an interaction between the outdoor and indoor. Glass walls help one space extend into the other. And when the glass wall is opened the two spaces become one. Glass allows for a good insulator through the double-glaze system. It also allows for solar heating, natural day lighting, and vista views. Glass can be used on part of a wall in a small scale private area. It can take up a whole wall in a more large scale public area to provide plenty of lighting and a plentiful view. It can be used on corners to give the illusion of a light structure. And glass can be curved to be used on curved walls for a panoramic view.

Straw Bales Straw bale building is a nod to the days when we built our homes from natural and locallysourced materials. Instead of relying on technology and manufactured materials, we use what the earth provides. Straw bales are used to replace concrete, plaster, gypsum, and other building materials in walls. When sealed properly, they have a high insulating ability. As a renewable resource, straw is both sustainable and affordable.

Bamboo The recent popularity of bamboo amenities such as furniture and utensils may make it seem trendy, but it has been used in construction for millennia. Its combination of light weight, tensile strength, and renewability make it an ideal replacement for expensive imported materials and an alternative to rebar and concrete construction, especially in areas with easy access to locally-sourced bamboo.

Recycled Plastic Plastic is emerging as one of the more sustainable construction materials. Instead of sourcing, mining and milling new components, researchers are producing concrete made from ground-up trash and recycled plastics. This practice reduces greenhouse gas emissions and provides a positive new use for plastic waste that would otherwise be clogging landfills.

Wood Wood, a tried and true construction mainstay, retains many advantages over concrete, steel, and other industrial building materials. Trees absorb CO2 as they grow and don’t need to undergo energy-intensive procedures to be converted into a construction product. When a

forest is properly managed it is also renewable, resulting in a bio diverse habitat. Engineering wood also used in construction of walls and interior purpose

Rammed Earth Another natural technology, rammed earth has been used by human civilization for thousands of years. Not only does it last a long time, when pressed tightly in wooden forms, it creates walls that have a similar feel to concrete. The rammed earth buildings being produced today can be fortified by bamboo or rebar for added safety, and mechanical tampers cut down on the labor needed to produce sturdy walls

.

Ferrock A newer building material, ferrock uses a wide range of recycled materials, such as steel dust, to create a building material that resembles concrete but is actually even stronger. In addition, this innovative material absorbs and seals carbon dioxide as part of the drying and hardening

procedure. Ferrock is therefore not only less CO2-involved than concrete, it is also carbon neutral.

Timber Crete An intriguing material composed of concrete and sawdust, timber Crete is lighter than concrete and the sawdust component both recycles a waste material and replaces some of the more energy-involved ingredients in traditional concrete. It also reduces transportation emissions. Timber Crete can be shaped into pavers, blocks, and bricks, making it both versatile and sustainable.

PASSIVE SOLAR ENERGY – All buildings need energy in order to heat and cool the space inside. Take it. The sun provides energy to anyone who wills Passive solar energy was developed to use the suns energy only. Technology has helped to refine modern day systems to be more efficient. In using passive solar energy you must choose a system that best compliments your design. Proven systems include: 

Direct Gain



Thermal Storage (Wall, Rock Bed)



Attached Greenhouse



Roof Ponds

These systems also present possibilities for natural cooling, natural ventilation, and natural delighting. These systems working together can lead to an efficient, cost effective design. In this project, passive systems will be used to heat, cool and ventilate the guest rooms, sitting areas in lobby or lounge and restaurants, primarily. Spaces need to take advantage of views, the use of opening can allow for passive solar systems. Building form is important in order to determine the effectiveness of the system you use. Building orientation is most important. The building's form will determine how much surface is exposed to the sun, and how much of that surface is usable. The building's orientation will determine how long the exposed surface will be in direct sunlight. And the longer you can heat a surface the more heat you will have to work with.

BUILDING FORMS: VERTICALLY STACKED This system has a large south facing surface. However the root surface is small. Lighting the bottom levels naturally would be a task with some difficulty. Natural ventilation would have to flow horizontally because natural vertical convection would have to go through several levels, and constructing a central well would remove usable space

CLERESTORIES This system is usually one level. When the clerestory faces south it provides the opportunity to bring direct sunlight into the center and north side of the building’s interior. And controlling the

angle at which the sun light comes in helps to keep the direct sunlight out during the warm months. With north facing clerestories you get reflective light and not the harsh direct sunlight. The clerestories could be made to open to allow natural convection to ventilate and cool the building.

STAGGERED INCLINE This system utilizes more of the surface. In addition to the· south facing vertical surface it has more roof surface that can be utilized as a heat collecting element. Natural daylight can be brought in easier through the south facing surface and through the roof area of each individual unit. Each unit can be ventilated separate without the air movement having to go through multiple levels.

HORIZONTALLY STAGGERED This system gives each unit a south facing wall and roof area. Each of which can collect solar heat. The staggered design allows one unit to partially shade one adjacent to it. This shading is

good during warm months but it could be unwanted during the cold months. Day lighting can be brought in through the south facing wall directly, or through the roof surface indirectly. Natural ventilation can move air horizontally through the individual units.

SOLAR HEATING As stated before, there are different systems that can be used to collect the sun's energy to provide heat for the interior of a building. These systems can make a building energy efficient.

THERMAL MASS One of the simpler systems is a direct gain thermal mass system. The thermal mass can be a floor slab or a wall. Direct sunlight can be brought in through a south facing wall opening. By controlling the side of the overhang you can let in the sun when you want it and block it out when you don't. The thermal mass will radiate beat after the direct sunlight is no longer there.

SOLAR CHIMNEYS

This system uses a combination of systems. One is a thermal mass and the other is a greenhouse type. The glazing is placed in front of the mass wall. The direct sunlight will heat the space in between the wall. There are openings in the top and bottom of the wall that will circulate the heated air and replace it with cool air to be heated.

SOLAR WALLS Solar walls incorporate the use of vertical thermal mass louvers place in the interior next to the glazing. These louvers can be arranged to let in direct sunlight when you want it and block it out when you don’t. At the same time these louvers collect heat. A moveable insulation can be used to cover the glazing to reduce radiating beat loss, keeping it in the interior.

CONVECTIVE LOOP ROCK BED This system is a little more comple1. It beats and circulates air like a solar chimney but also includes a rock bed as a thermal mass to store heat. The system starts with a solar col lector that beats the air. Natural Convection circulates the air. The rock bed stores beat while the sun

is out. When this set the rock bed passes air through it to warm it, thus continuing the circulation of warm air.

SOLAR COOLING – To a certain degree, a building can be naturally cooled. Shading provides an important role in cooling for it can block out direct sunlight when you don't want it. You can shade a building by element of your design or by natural features such as vegetation or landscaping. Then natural breezes can help produce lower temperatures if you utilize it.

OVER HANGS Overhangs are useful to shading south facing walls and openings. You design the overhang to block out direct sunlight during the warm season and to let it in during the cold season. By blocking out direct sunlight fro11 the interior you can significantly lover interior temperature.

VEGETATION Vegetation can be used in a couple ways to provide shading for a building. It can be placed apart from the building to create a shaded space that with the help of natural breezes can

become a very comfortable space. Another way it can be used is to place it directly on the outer wall surface to block direct sunlight from heating the surface.

VENTILATION – Natural breezes and natural convection has other uses than just solar heating and cooling. It can be used to ventilate or keep fresh air moving through a building. There are several systems you can use. It helps to choose a system that is compatible with the chosen solar heating/cooling system.

Cross Breeze This system is probably the simplest. It incorporates openings in the building that will allow bree1es to pass through the buildings. However with this system room must be sure that natural vegetation is below or above or above the openings to keep from blocking the air movement.

CONVECTION

Another way to ventilate a building is through natural convection. Cool air inlets at the bottom of the building and an outlet at the top will natural circulate the warm air out. You can design this system to where you can manually control the rate of air movement.

EARTH PIPES This system is more complex. It incorporates the use of underground pipes to above air naturally or force air mechanically through them and into the building. Natural convection can then exhaust the air out. The air is cooled as it moves underground thus adding to the cooling system you choose to use.

DAYLIGHTING – Natural day lighting can be a very useful tool in reducing energy costs. Due to artificial lighting, However if not planned correctly it can also be a problem in the workplace due to harsh unwanted glare. So the placing of openings as well as the placing of workspace must be coordinated to prevent such problems. There are several systems you can use for day lighting and they can be incorporated into solar heating/cooling systems. South facing openings can provide direct light which can then be diffused by several methods. However, too much glazing can cause a space to overheat. North

facing openings allow soft indirect light. Here too if you use too much glazing, keeping the space warm during winter can be a problem.

General area requirements –        

Accommodation facilities including rooms, toilets, bathrooms, shower rooms etc., hallways and floor service should occupy 50-60% of floor area Public guest rooms, reception area, hall and lounges require 4-7% of floor area. Hospitality areas, restaurants, bars for guests and visitors 4-8%of floor area Banquet area with meeting or conference room needs 4-12%. Domestic areas, kitchens, personnel rooms and stores need 9-14%. Administration, management needs 1-2% of the floor area. Repair and maintenance need 4-7% of area of floor. Leisure, sports and shops need 2-10%.

CASE STUDY-ORANGE COUNTY (COORG) On the edge of Nagarhole National Park in Karnataka, Southern India, Evolve Back, Kabini is set by the beautiful Kabini River offering charming eco-huts with ensuite facilities. FACILITIES The charming eco-chic huts have separate living areas with all the mod cons. Some have outdoor Jacuzzis while others have plunge pools. There are fine dining and grill restaurants, plus a bar and a coffee lounge. Additional amenities include an Ayurvedic spa, a fitness center and an infinity pool. ACTIVITIES The hotel offers boat and vehicle safaris with experienced naturalists to educate you about this fascinating ecosystem. Guests can also take coracle rides along the Kabini river and go bird watching to catch glimpses of grey-headed fish eagles, ospreys, Malabar pied hornbills, Malabar larks, Malabar trogons and the Indian pitta. The hotel offers cultural activities including tribal village visits, to experience the life of the local Kurubas who were originally hunter-gatherers. LOCATION Evolve back; Kabini is located close to Nagarhole National Park, a four-hour drive from Mysore and a five-hour drive from Mangalore. A visit to Nagarhole combines well with a tour of Kerala and Karnataka

.

TypologyRecreational and hospitality