The Respiratory System Histology

The respiratory system Sections of the larynx, trachea and lung

Mediansaggital section of the larynx 1. vestibule

6.

2.

ventricule

7. subepiglottic cavity

3. 4. 4.

5.

1. epiglottic cartilage 2. thyroid cartilage 3. arch of cricoid cartilage 4. cartilages of trachea 5. lamina of cricoid cartilage 6. vestibular fold 7. vocal fold

Hyaline cartilage: Thyroid cartilage Cricoid cartilage Arytenoid cartilage except the vocal process

Elastic cartilage: Vocal process of arytenoid cartilage Corniculate cartilage Cuneiform cartilage Epiglottic cartilage

Epiglottis stratified squamous nonkeratinized epithelium with high papillae on the pharyngeal surface stratified nonkeratinized squamous epithelium without papillae on the laryngeal surface Larynx ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium Vocal fold stratified squamous nonkeratinized epithelium

laryngeal surface

elastic cartilage salivary glands

pharyngeal surface

51. larynx-epiglottis (HE), 4X

Vestibular fold Vocal fold Ventricule

51. larynx (HE), 4X

Identification of the surfaces of epiglottis Determination of vestibular and vocal folds Recognition of covering epithelia

1.Tunica mucosa: a, epithelium mucosae: ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium, goblet cells, endocrine cells b, lamina propria: loose connective tissue, lymphocytes, plasma cells 2. Tunica submucosa: loose connective tissue tracheal glands sero-mucous glands 3. Tunica fibro-musculo-cartilaginea: hyaline cartilage rings annular ligg. paries membranaceus (trachealis muscle, connective tisue) 4. T. adventitia: connective fibers, blood vessels, nerves

hyaline cartilage ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium tracheal glands paries membranaceus

52. trachea (HE), 4X

52. trachea (HE), 40X

ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium

basal lamina

lamina propria

capillary

Find the characteristic items of the tracheal wall.

1. T. mucosa: - ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium - epithelium gradually decreases in its height, lamina propria becomes thinner towards the terminal bronchioli 2. T. muscularis: smooth muscle layer in the larger bronchi is replaced by spirally arrenged smooth muscle cells in the smaller bronchi 3. Cartilage plates: decrease gradually in number and size 4. Adventitia: collagen fibers. In the wall of the bronchi small salivary glands can be found.

bronchial lumen

hyaline cartilage smooth muscle alveolus

epithelium

53. lung- bronchus (HE), 10X

53. lung- bronchiole (HE), 10X

lumen of bronchiole alveoli

epithelium

53. lung (HE), 40X

pneumocyte I

pneumocyte II

alveolus

septum

Differentiate between the walls of bronchi and bronchioli.

The layers of the blood-air barrier

surfactant

fused basal lamina type I cell

capillary endothel capillary lumen

54. lung (orcein), 40X

elastic fibers pneumocyte I

pneumocyte II

Study the thin walls of alveoli. Try to find pneumocyta II cells.