The Pioneer No.143

Gyeongsang National University

NO. 143 SEPTEMBER 2008

THE

PIONEER Let’s Go toward the World

Global New University

Meeting with the Little Princes in Never-Never Land. Go on a Journey to Your Childhood Dream World with the Little Princes!1 THE PIONEER, NO. 143, SEPTEMBER 2008

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efore the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games, there was a lot of controversy about the bloodshed in Tibet, the earthquake in Sichuan, etc. However, these controversies subsided as the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games was called the ‘performance of dreams’. With a budget of 100 billion won, 204 participating countries, Apsara’s performances, and the torch relay of human bird Li Ning were sufficient to cast a friendly shadow on China for viewers from all over the world. It was said that the Beijing Olympic Games were an opportunity for China to show its dazzling development. However, China became a hot potato again. China has been criticized for excessively strengthening its security. The threat of terrorism was the reason given by the Chinese

government, but it also controlled the media and society, including ethnic minorities in Tibet. The government has been thoroughly monitoring human right and democracy activists, and opposers of repression. The opening ceremony included children from 50 ethnic Chinese groups as a symbol of ethnic revival and of the spirit of unity. It made the purpose of holding the Olympics clear. China made the world focus on the Olympics. However, the agony of some Chinese citizens was concealed at the same time. It is as important to know the number of athletes who won medals and to remember a minority of the people’s independence and the Chinese people’s free expression. Is it good to use external pressure to justify increased security? China’s negative pressure will surely affect the world. China should not stand against these problems, but recognize them. p [email protected]

The Two Faces of

THE PIONEER, NO. 143, SEPTEMBER 2008

the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games Lee Young-joo Cub-Reporter (Pictured by Dong Yong-ho)

THE PIONEER, NO. 143, SEPTEMBER 2008

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CONTENTS NO. 143 SEPTEMBER 2008

FOCUS

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The Two Faces of the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games

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EDITORIAL Life Is like a Journey.

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PEOPLE

COVER STORY

CAMPAIGN

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Not an Alternative School but a Free School!

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CAMPUS BRIEFING * From Now on, Gyeongsang National University Is ‘GNU’ * GNU Library to Open to Local Residents * The New Dormitory Complex Opens Next Year

CARTOON

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“Give Me Some Euros!”

EXPRESSION PHOTO ESSAY

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Break Free from Your Daily Routine!

CAMPUS WORLD

Go on a Journey toYour Childhood Dream World with the Little Princes! What dreams and hopes did you have? Have the dreams and hopes of your childhood been realized?

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The University Campus Is: The City Itself

TRAVEL

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Explore Sakura’s Kingdom: Beyond Prejudice

PEOPLE

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Our Passion and Sensibility Were Stimulated by Them.

LETTERS TO THE PIONEER

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REVIEW

The PIONEER is Gyeongsang National University Campus English Magazine. 900 Gajwadong, jinju, Korea. Tel. (055) 751-5241, Fax. (055) 751-5236, http://pioneer.gnu.ac.kr Publisher President Ha Woo-song Executive Editor Im Gyu-hong Faculty Advisor Oh Sei-rang English Advisor Kolon Burnham Editor-in-Chief Kim Ji-young Deputy Editor-In-Cheif Park Gun-hee Social News Editor Kim Tae-jin Cover News Editor Cho Ah-ra News Editor Lee Young-a Cub-Reporters Nam Young-woong Dong Yong-ho Lee Young-joo Layout&Design the PIONEER Printed by Seorin Design (055) 756-5151, 5152 2

THE PIONEER, NO. 143, SEPTEMBER 2008

Academic

Pictured by Cho Ah-ra

E D I T O R I A L

Life Is like a Journey. Kim Ji-young Editor-in-Chief

The Bitter-Sweet Life: Painful but Pleasant. The Hot-Summer Journey: Passion, Challenge, and Cool. Dear Bitter memory,

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ummer has passed into autumn. It is a matter of deep sadness that summer goes; the summer holidays are over, and the scent of summer has passed away. How was the scent of your summer - did you notice it? It seems to each person differently. Some people may feel passion for the summer sun, others may feel challenged by the summer’s cicada, and some others may feel cool like at the beaches. How about me? It may be just me, but wasn’t this summer exceptionally hot? The PIONEER reporters spent some of their summer vacation traveling in several European nations: England, Belgium, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Italy, and France. What strikes me about our travels is the heat. What’s hot? In a word, everything! We met nice people who positioned themselves to the top of the world, and recognized that the world is wide with many things to do in it. Yes, what we experienced was a lot of heat; it was painful but pleasant. That was the very thing we desired. I seemed to be reborn again and again each day, absorbing all things around me like a newborn baby, like a sponge. The PIONEER reporters experienced the passion, the challenge ahead of ourselves, and also something cool. When I finished my one-month journey, I had a weather-beaten face, sore feet, and one less toenail. That was no big deal. People always look back at the past and savor their happy memories. It is right, and natural. The same goes for me. Little, bitter memories have became sweet memories already. One reason why many people think this: life is a journey. Sometimes it is a walk through a peaceful place with gentle breezes, and the fragrance of wild flowers. Sometimes it is a walk through a dangerous place, or dark tunnels, or raging storms, or rugged mountainous terrain. Usually the journey through life is a mixture of ins and outs, ups and downs, yet we always find something worthwhile in our journey, and in life. They must remain as bitter-sweet memories. Don’t you think that is another name for us? From Sweet memory,

P.S. Let’s look at the hot summer journeys from all around the world. THE PIONEER, NO. 143, SEPTEMBER 2008

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[email protected] 3

Pictured by Park Gun-hee

C A M P A I G N

Not an Alternative School, but a FREE School! Park Gun-hee Deputy Editor-in-Chief

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ave you ever heard of the term ‘alternative school’? An alternative school is a school that doesn’t just cram students’ heads with knowledge but gives children freedom and responsibility.

Pictured by Kim Ji-young

Do you know the origin of the term ‘alternative school’? It is literally distinct from established schools. Why should people use the word ‘alternative’? Through the Global Pioneer Program (GPP) at GNU, we, the PIONEER reporters have learned that the term originated in the U.K., where it is used interchangably with Free School. From now on, the free school isn’t just an alternative school, but a way to be really free! p [email protected]

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C A M P U S

B R I E F I N G

From Now on, Gyeongsang National University Is‘GNU’

Pictured by Cho Ah-ra

Cho Ah-ra Cover News Editor

GNU’s administrators have formally announced that Gyeongsang National University will now be known simply as GNU. GNU has two meanings: one is Gyeongsang National University; the other is Global New University. The use of GNU was decided by the Committee of Planning, the Committee of Academics Affairs and the Committee of Research Industrial-Academic Support. The acronym was chosen for four reasons. First, many other national universities are using similar English short forms. Second, NU is commonly known as national university to students preparing for exams. So, using GNU is appropriate for the purpose of spreading the word about our university. Third, the administrators believe that it will align our university with the image of globalization. Finally, the GNU’s administrators have been planning to change the university name from Gyeongsang National University to Gyeongnam National University. p [email protected]

GNU Library to Open to Local Residents Kim Tae-jin Social News Editor Pictured by Kim Tae-jin

The GNU Library has decided to issue a ‘Special Call Slip’ for Gyeongsangnam-do residents which grants them access to several GNU libraries. They can borrow materials for free from several locations - the Central Library, the Academic Information Center, the Law Library at the Gajwa Campus, and the Library of Medicine at the Chilam Campus. They can also use the reading rooms and other attached facilities. The reading rooms are open from 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. This service is called the ‘Special Membership System for Local Residents’. The aim of this service is to express thanks to local residents who have helped with the growth and development of GNU. As GNU’s 60th anniversary approaches, the Library is trying to welcome local residents to these facilities. Local residents can get the ‘Special Call Slip’ on the 1st floor of the Central Library. It is valid for two years and they can borrow up to 5 books at a time. They can renew once for one year. p [email protected]

The New Dormitory Complex Opens Next Year Lee Young-a

Academic News Editor

THE PIONEER, NO. 143, SEPTEMBER 2008

Pictured by Lee Young-a

It has been getting even harder to get a spot in a GNU dormitory as the minimum grade requirements have continually been raised. The new dormitory complex will open in March next year and will have 732 rooms for 1,434 people. According to Choi Wook-geun in the establishment division, the eight, nine, twelve, and sixteen story buildings are for men, and the ten and twelve story buildings are for women. The dormitory administration center will decide which students will be given space. The complex will be equipped with washing machines and a fitness club. The cost for students hasn’t been decided yet. The new off-campus flats near the front gate and the new dormitory complex will greatly benefit GNU students. p [email protected]

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C A R T O O N

“Give Me Some Euros!” By Jeong Seong-gyeong, Dept. of Biochemistry, 07

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Meeting with the Little Princes in Never-Never Land.

Laws

Go on a Journey toYour Childhood Dream World with the Little Princes! Kim Ji-young Editor-in-Chief

★Never-Never Lands: Free School Summerhill School, Hartland Small School, and Hartland Primary School

★The Little Princes:

Look back on your childhood

The Free School’s Students

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hat dreams and hopes did you have? Have the dreams and hopes of your childhood been realized?

★ It is possible, but only in Dream World A child might say, “I want to fly high above the clouds.” How would grown-ups react? Sometimes, young children give free reign to their imagination. Grown-ups may be tired of the flight of fancy of the imaginations of children. Grown-ups might respond, “That is only possible in your dream world.”

★ Attending school is a rule.

Contributed by Jeong Seong-gyeong

Once in a while, anyone who goes to school thinks, ‘How I wish I could go to school only when I felt like it!’ But grown-ups would say if they read children’s thoughts, “You must go to school. It is natural for you to go to school!” So, attending school has been a standing rule for us, and the rule covers all cases.

★ Grown-ups never understand imaginary places. Fantasies and wild imaginings have been 8

THE PIONEER, NO. 143, SEPTEMBER 2008

COVER STORY

Chairman Secretary

Fines Officer

Visitors

Ombudsmen

Summerhill School Meetings are held on Monday, Wednesday, and Fridays from 1:45 until about 2:30.

taboo in the world of grown-ups. Now, why don’t we meet the writer of the Little Prince, Saint-Exupery? He must yearn for his imaginary society.

themselves, and it is tiresome for children to be always and forever explaining things to them. One thing is for sure: Grown-ups will never view childhood in the same way again.

Why were you frightened by a hat? When Saint-Exupery was six years old, he succeeded in making his first drawing and showed his masterpiece to some grown-ups. He asked the grown-ups whether the drawing frightened them, but they answered: “Frightened? Why should anyone be frightened by a hat?”

★ The dreams of childhood have been tainted.

Saint-Exupery gave up his dream of becoming a painter. His drawing was not a picture of a hat; it was a picture of a boa constrictor digesting an elephant. Grown-ups didn’t understand the drawing because they judge things by the way they look. So, he made another drawing: he drew the inside of the boa constrictor so the grown-ups could see the drawing clearly. The grown-ups’ response was to advise him to lay aside his drawings of boa constrictors. He gave up what might have been a magnificent career as a painter. Grown-ups cannot believe what can’t be explained. Grown-ups never understand anything by

Yes, every grown-up had a childhood; they also have visited dreamland when they were young. However, their dreams and hopes have been discolored by the world of grown-ups. Without their choosing, people have became grown-ups whether they wanted to or not. How long have we been grown-ups? We have learned the rules of the society: it’s a grown-ups’ world. We stop imagining things that can’t be accepted by grown-ups, and keep the rules made by grown-ups. It is so sad, our childhood dreams have gone away.

★ Meet the Little Princes. The little princes came up to us smiling. You must have read The Little Prince more than once. Do you remember when SaintExupery met The Little Prince? Saint-Exupery crashed his plane in the Sahara Desert, a thousand miles from any inhabited region. The Little Prince said to him, “If you please - draw me a sheep!” Saint-Exupery jumped to his feet, THE PIONEER, NO. 143, SEPTEMBER 2008

completely thunderstruck. The same with Saint-Exupery, we, the PIONEER reporters met the little prince in England. Oh, don’t be so surprised! What is more, we met many little princes. But they didn’t come up to us saying: “Draw me a sheep!” They came up to us with sweet smiles. We met the little princes, and also lost dreams. We, the PIONEER reporters couldn’t imagine how we could ever meet the Little Prince. We also - like Saint-Exupery - jumped to our feet, completely thunderstruck. We blinked our eyes hard, and looked carefully all around us. And we saw the little princes, who stood there examining us with shy smiles. The places were in England: Summerhill School, Hartland Small School, and Hartland Primary School. That is exactly what the students are, little princes. They are skipping about in the green field. They had freedom to do what they liked; the little princes have sparkling eyes, bright and loud laughs, and happy hearts. We thought, ‘Here is the place we dreamt about and imagined so long ago, in our childhood.’

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C O V E R ★ Never-Never Lands: Summerhill School, Hartland Small School, and Hartland Primary School. All things were coming into view as green. It looked like Never-Never Land, and fairy lands. It seemed like Peter Pan might suddenly appear. The images everywhere were green with a blue tint; the green countryside was so beautiful, and the green-colored mountains were attractive. Blue sky, pure white clouds, dew-laden grasses and flowers - all things were coming into view and heart.

S T O R Y

place in the big tree - when they want to hide, they always go there; It’s a place to find peace and rest. Freedom - lazing is well-being here. What is more interesting is that freedom is sacred at these schools. The teachers’ philosophy of education includes the idea that lazing is necessary for personal development. Every moment of a healthy child’s life is a working moment. A child has no time to sit down and laze. Lazing is normal, it is recovery, and therefore it is necessary. That is why there is absolute freedom here.

★ Draw Me a Sheep! “That is exactly the way I wanted it!” The little prince said to Saint-Exupery: “Draw me a sheep...” Saint-Exupery took out of his pocket a sheet of paper and his fountain-pen, and made a drawing. Then the little prince said: “No, this sheep is already very sickly. Make me another.” So Saint-Exupery made another drawing. “No, this is not a sheep but ram. It has horns.”

★ We are going to invite you to NeverNever Land. We, the PIONEER reporters realized that the Little Prince, and other little princes whom we met in England don’t like things that are standardized or stereotyped. They strongly believe in individual thought; they stretch their imaginations freely, they live in a Never-Never Land that grown-ups can’t imagine. If you look back on your childhood, you will remember your own unique Never-Never Land. These schools are the kinds of places you would love to go to in your childhood. Why don’t you remember your own Never-Never Land? We, the PIONEER reporters are going to invite you to Never-Never Land. p [email protected]

Pictured by Kim Ji-young

Pictured by Kim Ji-young

Nobody says: “Don’t do that!” The students, the little princes, have learned all things naturally. They dance on the wide green field, sing songs with birds and bees, and draw pictures in front of fragrant flowers. They know how to love nature, and live with nature. They love soil: they dug in the ground, sprinkled sand everywhere. That was interesting play for them. No grown-ups said: “That’s dirty! Don’t do that!” Some little princes slept in a hammock hanging between two trees. There was a hiding

Saint-Exupery did his drawing over once more, but that was rejected too. “This one is too old. I want a sheep that will live a long time” Saint-Exupery was exhausted, so that he hastily drew a box and said: “This is only a box; the sheep you asked for is inside.” The little prince was very surprised. He beamed: “That is exactly the way I wanted it!”

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The Representative of Free School - SUMMERHILL SCHOOL Summerhill School, located in a suburb of the U.K, is a small school of 75 students run by around 15 staff. We went to experience the prestigious free school to accomplish the GPP project, ‘Inquiry of free schools in the U.K.’ What is the difference between a free school and a general school? A Korean free school is quite different from a free school in the U.K. In the U.K., going to class, doing homework, and going to college or getting a job after graduation are absolutely the choice of students. But it doesn’t mean there are no rules at all in school. Students follow existing rules and, if they violate them, they are punished by the school authorities. Of course, students have to accept the consequences of their decisions. What does Summerhill strive toward? Freedom. Three times per week there are student meetings. When we went there, we saw that all the students gathered together. When the Master of Ceremonies gave them the right to

Pictured by Kim Ji-young

Interview with Zoe Neill Readhead, the Principal of Summerhill School.

Lee Young-a

Academic News Editor

speak, they expressed their ideas and opinions. A decision would be made if it was chosen by a majority of people. At the meeting, one student insisted to reinforce the security system because he lost the pocket money inside. Another student wanted to get permission to live off campus with 2 other students. All the students make it a rule to live in the dormitory, so that was why he asked permission at the school meeting. How can Korean schools be made more like Free Schools? Jean Jacques Rousseau said it would be totally impossible to find a union between free schools and general schools because it would result in education that includs only the bad elements of both. However, A.S. Neil, who founded the free school, said about society: If the people who have an impact in our society consider the state of Korean education and attribute the good points partly to our education, it would be a better world for our children, the future of our society.

1. How do you define the classes? We use age as a guide and then try making adjustments for individual requirements. We consider age, ability to attend in the class, and students’ opinion. 2. Does the government subsidize to your school? We get no help from anywhere other than our school fees, which are among the lowest in the country. 3. I’ve heard that one student swam naked. Was that a problem? No, it wasn’t a problem at all - it was a matter of freedom of choice. 4. How do teachers treat students who violate school rules? The teachers have to go through the same procedures as the children do - get an Ombudsman or take it to the school meeting. 5. How does the school help students choose a career? We have a very close relationship with our students, and so much of this is done informally through chatting. 6. What is the most impressive thing you’ve seen at the meeting? Every meeting is full of impressive examples. It is a great process. 7. What is your own philosophy of education? I think it is vital that all children are allowed to make choices for themselves and that they receive respect for themselves as who they are, not what the adults want them to be. p [email protected] THE PIONEER, NO. 143, SEPTEMBER 2008

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Better to Light a Candle than Curse the Dark History Parents wished their children to continue their education in the village. The Small School was, and still is, a revolutionary project. It was established in 1982, when a few local families wished for their secondary school aged children to be educated in their own community instead of one of the large community colleges which necessitated long bus journeys. They also wished to prove that secondary education could happen in a rural setting without loss of standards. The school grew in numbers from the original nine children and began to attract more and more attention in the media, from teachers and others working in education in the U.K. and abroad and from environmentalists. Currently, there are 22 students in years 7 to 11, and the school aims to take in 7 or 8 students in the first year each year.

Philosophy The school is small enough that all children know each other. The Small School at Hartland has always wished to be part of the state sector, to work with change and be changed by other secondary schools, part of diversity and choice in the education system. The school is comprehensive; it offers a non-selective education with a balanced curriculum that ensures that students have a range of options open to them at the next educational level. The school wants there to be diversity and choice in rural as well as urban areas. Choice should not be based on ability to pay or location. What is the school offering in terms of a real choice? Its obvious difference is scale; human-scale education was the term decided upon in an early conference at Dartington Hall that resulted in the setting up of The Human Scale Movement. Its class sizes range from 6 to 15, all the teachers know all the students, all the age groups have the opportunity to work

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Kim Tae-jin Social News Editor Pictured by Kim Tae-jin

-THE SMALL SCHOOL, HARTLAND together and the curriculum and timetable can be adjusted to meet individual needs.

Curriculum Fostering creativity in an enjoyable way rather than feeling forced to learn The school aims to have a curriculum that balances: the academic, the practical, the artistic and the spiritual; the liberal arts, the sciences and the physical; the grouping of children in year groups and mixed age groups; group work, class work and individual work. The school has a timetable that is developed by the teachers with some input from the students at the beginning of each academic year. On the whole the mornings are for academic work and the afternoons for the arts, practical subjects and physical activities. Classes are at set times and all students must attend. Each student has a copy of his/her timetable. The school does practical subjects practically, so food technology is not taught in a classroom but in the kitchen, where students on duty assist in producing lunch for the whole school community. The cook/teacher has a set of skills that the students must acquire throughout the year. The students participate in buying food locally, cooking the food, setting the tables, and keeping an eye on the budget and cleaning-up. Of course, they are producing real food for real people. The school also approaches subjects that require hand-on skills practically, for example its stained glass classes resulted in a set of windows for its front doors. Community The school wants to be firmly based in the community of Hartland and able to respond to this special place. Another key strength is the role of the school in rural regeneration. Its activities are a part of the Hartland economy: shopping locally (in Hartland) whenever possible; employing local people as teachers, local artists and administrative staff (up to 15 posts including part time). THE PIONEER, NO. 143, SEPTEMBER 2008

The school keeps the teenagers as part of day-time life in the village. It organizes many local events, such as a poetry day. Parents run cooking events like the very successful Curry or Noodle Nights, or cultural events like the Shakespeare Night in 2006, a very well received visit of the Offstage Theater Group, or a Jazz Night series in 2006. There are monthly jumble sales. In addition, the very successful monthly Farmers’ market is organized in the Parish Hall. The Farmers’ cafe developed into a meeting point for the entire village. With the profit of the markets local people not only support the Small School but also other local charities.

Motto The only thing we had in mind was that it will be a local school and a Small School. (Satish Kumar) The school’s motto is ‘better to light a candle than curse the darkness’. It means that one should act to improve rather than criticize the education system. The school hopes to be an example for others to follow and thus set up The Human Scale Education Movement. Many people are interested and many primary and specialist schools have been started in the U.K. The school has also been a model for teachers from other countries with visitors from Japan, Bulgaria, the USA, Korea, Spain, Germany and France. p [email protected]

“Do you like studying?” “Yes! ”

After the long journey, we arrived in Hartland. In a fine rain, we looked for Hartland primary school as we walked through a forest. And we passed a flower garden. “What a beautiful place! Here is another Never-Never Land.” From somewhere, some children’s laughing is heard. We are going to a place where the laughing sounds. Finally, we found Hartland primary school.

Learn from Nature When we go into the school, there are different classrooms for each subject: Math, Science, English, Drama, and also the Outdoors. You would wonder about this: the Outdoors is a classroom? The answer is ‘yes’. The administrator says, “The Outdoors is the most excellent classroom for children,” and she points at the green hills “We get many things from nature. I am sure there is no place to learn like the natural environment.” We look around and see lots of trees, wild flowers, soil, birds and butterflies, hills and mountains - there are many milk cows wandering about in the field. In spite of myself, I give an exclamation of joy and say: “I love the countryside so much.” The administrator says with a smile, “Yes,

the countryside is good for developing children’s minds with singing songs, dancing, running, talking loud, and laughing.” Our Friendship Bench By chance I see a bench on which is written on ‘OUR FRIENDSHIP BENCH’. “What is this bench?” That interesting phrase draws our attention. The administrator says, “This bench is for lonely children who can’t adapt and make friends.” We are surprised by this. “Oh, there is special meaning to this bench. It helps children who are left out.” Then she says, “Yes, If someone feels lonely, they sit on this bench; surrounding friends come up to them. It solves the problem of feeling left out” p [email protected]

Pictured by Kim Tae-jin

Cute little girls say, “Tennis!”, “Math!”, “Science!”, “Song!” Cute little girls are playing and chatting inside a fence. For a fairly long time, we watch the girls playing. We feel at ease as we gaze at the cute and innocent faces of the playing children. Suddenly, the girls are looking at us; they greet us with smiles. We say, “Hello, How are you?” They are too shy to speak but they show interest in us foreigners. Some little girls climb over the fence. And the others get up on the

fence. “What are you doing here?” The cute little girls say, “Playing!” “Do you like studying?” They say “Yes!” with a smile. :) “What is your favorite subject?” The cute little girls say together, “Tennis!”, “Math!”, “Science!”, “Song!” The school’s administrator comes up to us, “Nice to meet you guys! I make a formal introduction to you.” We go into the Hartland primary school.

Pictured by Kim Ji-young

July 2nd, 2008 We, the PIONEER reporters are very happy thinking about meeting little boys and girls at the Hartland primary school. Hartland is a little far from central london so we came here yesterday by train. Hartland is a region situated in the far north west of England.

Kim Ji-young Editor-in-Chief Pictured by Kim Ji-young

-HARTLAND PRIMARY SCHOOL

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The Emerson College’s Motto: “Education Is Like Art.”- EMERSON COLLEGE Cho Ah-ra Cover News Editor

Biodynamic Agriculture and Steiner Waldorf Education as well as Part-time courses in Waldorf Education, Social Therapy and Curative Education. When you see the education process, you know what Emerson’s focus is on the arts. Even art lectures are related to nature. For example, there are subjects like these: the Art of Performance, Biodynamic Organic Agriculture Training, the Art of Education, and Visual Art. The Art of Performance is a year of self exploration, empowerment and transformation that is open to anyone wanting to explore their creative potential through the performing arts. Students sometimes have lectures in the forest so their senses are stimulated by nature. The students use natural things: wood, stone, leaves, even honey bees and flowers and so on. Their expressive ability is improved and they have vivid imaginations. The students draw pictures and carve sculpture as they imitate the curves of nature. How about the School of Storytelling? A storyteller is more than a teller of tales. Storytellers are entertainers, teachers and

Pictured by Park Gun-hee

Some people have heard of the ‘Free School’. Although people may have heard of the free school, they still draw their eyebrows together in confusion. If they visit Emerson, they might change their minds and let go of their prejudice. Emerson is set on beautiful grounds in the Sussex countryside and is only one hour away from central London. We, the PIONEER, visited the Emerson school on July 7th. However, the team didn’t see the students in class because of summer vacation. So we looked around the classrooms at Emerson College. The administrator gave us an interesting tour of the school. We could see there is a Storytelling room, a Sculpture room, the Library, a Dormitory, the garden, a resting room, and a dinning room. According to the Emerson’s administrator, the storytelling lectures are the most famous. If you go to that lecture, you will increase your ability to express yourself and expand your imagination. The students grow vegetables in the garden. The Emerson offers the following full-time courses: Foundation Studies in Anthropology, Visual Arts and Sculpture, Performance Arts,

healers with a long spiritual tradition. Supporting subjects will include: singing, clowning, games, improvisation, environmental work, creative writing and craft work. The Emerson College was founded on the motto ‘Education is like Art’ to train education major students of the Steiner School in the U.K. The Steiner School follows the free school of the U.K. as well as the philosophy of progressive education. Emerson College fosters teachers who teach education like an art. It is open to everybody, regardless of age or sex. p [email protected] daytime I love to feel the soft breezes. At night I love to listen to the stars. It is like five hundred million little bells: the planet where the little prince live. It may perhaps live little princes we met. We, the PIONEER reporters met, and then later parted from the little princes. That time was when the summer sun shone brightly. The day passed and the fancy with the little princes flitted through my mind. The stars are changed to tears. I say Bye, bye! to the little princes who helped me find my lost Never-Never Land. p [email protected]

Contributed by Jeong Seong-gyeong

I’ll give you one box. All your dreams and hopes are inside. Can you see your dream discolored long time ago in the box? Do you think your dreams need nurturing? If so, love them sincerely, like the little prince! Well, do you think dreamland is very small? That’s why it is a very small dream that you have to take care of. You may make your dream and its box as big as you like. Learn from the little princes. If you think: ‘That is impossible’, it is a great pity; you have become a grown-up.

★ Bye, bye, Little Princes! In visiting these Never-Never Lands, I saw and heard things that I hadn’t imagined. In the 14

THE PIONEER, NO. 143, SEPTEMBER 2008

Contributed by Jeong Seong-gyeong

★ The dreams in the box.

E X P R E S S I O N FOCUS (page0) However, the agony of some Chinese citizens was concealed at the same time.

at the same time: *One of Mr. Cramer’s best qualities is his ability to work on several complex problems at the same time. *Thanks. We tried to make it more complete and, at the same time, better organized. *His jokes are insulting, but, at the same time, very funny. *At the same time, they have also temporarily countered global warming.

COVER STORY (page 12) The students participate in buying food locally, cooking the food, setting the tables, and keeping an eye on the budget and cleaning-up.

*A considerable of a trade was carried on. *An independence movement is carried on in defiance of Japanese coercion.

SOCIAL EXPLORER (page 22) The Netherlands is known as the tulip country or the windmill country.

be known as: *She is known as a pop singer. *Zaire was formerly known as the Congo. *Her brother is well-known as a scholar. *He is known as the Grand master of chess teachers.

CAMPUS WORLD (page 24) But I was captivated by the atmosphere of the city.

keep an eye on:

be captivated by:

*We have to leave at 4, so keep an eye on the time. *While you are driving a car, you must keep an eye on the car ahead. *Could you keep an eye on the baby for me a while? *I kept my eye on him all the time as I felt sure he was about to do something stupid.

*She was captivated by his undoubted wealth. *I was captivated by beauty of the woman. *Local supporters are captivated by Obama’s speech. *Why has the human imagination always been captivated by heroism?

TRAVEL (page 28)

PHOTO ESSAY (page 16)

Osaka castle symbolizes the Sengoku period, which rose and fell with the Hydeyoshi family

They cannot afford to have holidays.

cannot afford to:

rise and fall:

*I just cannot afford to keep myself. *We cannot afford to be complacent about our health. *The government cannot afford to alienate either group. *The shower that we put in a few years back has broken and we cannot afford to replace it.

SOCIAL EXPLORER (page 21)

*The rise and fall of the Roman Empire. *Emotions rose and fell like a roller coaster ride for many Americans here, concerned who their next president would be as the battleground states showed no clear winner. *The difference between the rise and fall of the tide. *It is an axiomatic fact that governments rise and fall on the state of the economy. p

‘The Street art and Culture Programme’ is being carried on in Cheonggyecheon in Seoul.

be carried on: *Today silk making is carried on in many of the world. *Boycott propaganda was being carried on against Germany.

(Contributed by COLLINS COBUILD ENGLISH DICTIONARY, Helping learners with real English, THE COBUILD SERIES from THE BANK OF ENGLSIH)

THE PIONEER, NO. 143, SEPTEMBER 2008

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P H O T O

E S S A Y

# London

First, if you want to become Queen Mary, you go to Queen Mary’s Garden! There are lots of colorful roses and beautiful ponds. It is so peaceful! I saw families strolling around the pond. young girls were having a baseball lesson in Regent Park. Some couples were suntanning. Second, Hyde Park is a large park. There is Speaker’s Corner, a wide pond, and wooded streets. Some people are sitting at an outdoor cafe. Some couples rest under the trees.

MISSION: Escape Downtown, Break Free from Your Daily Routine!

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Pictured by Kim Ji-young

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n summer, you are easy to get angry without a reason because it is so hot and humid. How did you spend your summer vacation? Was it fun? Some students go to the sea or to a valley. Others go to the library to study to get a job. I hope that you enjoyed your summer vacation. Have you been to Seoul? I went to Seoul two years ago with my friends. Seoul has too many high buildings. Especially, Myeongdong was bursting with people. There are too many cars. I asked our taxi driver, Is living in Seoul good for you? Contrary to my expectation, he said that he dislikes living in Seoul because Seoul has too much smog, lots of people and it is very busy. That is Seoul! It is the biggest city in Korea. The apartments and buildings stand close together. People go everywhere with an air of busyness. They cannot afford to have holidays. We often see these situations in Seoul.

Cho Ah-ra Cover News Editor

# Milano

THE PIONEER, NO. 143, SEPTEMBER 2008

Pictured by Kim Ji-young Pictured by Kim Ji-young

I went to Britain and Switzerland during the last summer vacation. Londoners live in comfort. Do you want to know about London? Follow me~! I will introduce you to this country’s parks. I’m sure that you will feel peaceful! I hope you keep your composure! Pictured by Cho Ah-ra

Pictured by Kim Ji-young

# Zurich

# Paris

# Zurich

Third, do you see the energetic boys? It looks funny. The young boys and girls swim in the Zurich River. I think Zurich is a town humming with activity. Starbucks patrons are seated at outdoor tables. These people look well off. Finally, I want to recommend that if you have a few extra minutes, it’s a pleasant walk through St.James Park. When I saw certain aged women, they had an endearing smile. p [email protected] THE PIONEER, NO. 143, SEPTEMBER 2008

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S O C I A L

E X P L O R E R

Asphalt Pavement, Concrete Buildings, and Automobile Exhaust Fumes; Kim Ji-young Editor-in-Chief (Pictured by Kim Ji-young)

People: Nowhere to Go...

B

Pictured by Kim Ji-young

reak Street.

Black asphalt pavement is stretching into the distance - lots of cars passing at full speed, or standing in line with car exhaust polluting the air. The streets are filled with concrete buildings which stand close together. Automobile exhaust fumes make grey clouds; the streets are stained with dust, smoke, and chemicals leaking from cars. People can’t even see sunlight because the town bristles with high, imposing skyscrapers.

Heart of City Street. The streets are busy with traffic and crowded with people. How do people live on bleak streets like this? Where could people be living? Sometimes, people do worry a little bit about this soullessness. Here is the heart of the city - the street.

# Indifference There are lots of kinds of indifference: impassive indifference, cold indifference, extreme indifference, studied indifference. What kinds of indifference do you have, impassive indifference? People walk the street without showing any emotion; people are insensible to the feelings of others, cold indifference? Yes, sometimes, people are cold fish; it seems that people have got no heart, extreme indifference? It would be regarded as severe or unusual; that is abnormal. In the hard world, however, people have become indifferent, abnormal, studied indifference? Some people copy other’s indifference, but don’t pretend to be indifferent.

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Pictured by Kim Ji-young

What kind of indifference do you have?

THE PIONEER, NO. 143, SEPTEMBER 2008

# This Is City’s Destiny, Just One of Those Things. Some of you may feel that this is the way of the world, as it always has been and as it always will be. What does this city suggest to you, apathy? Apathy must weigh heavily upon you. You may pursue love, emotions, and the

protection of the environment for ecosystems as well as humans. Is it possible to inspire new life and new hope in the city? Why don’t you start inspiring something human! Anything is possible when

we gather our power; we can make our city streets places where there is humaneness. What do you think of that?

# Make City Street Full of Humanity We, the PIONEER reporters give you some hints about how to make our city streets energetic - full of humanity. Guess what!

Give Back: Human Love Green parks in the heart of city give back comfort and time to love each other.

Human Feelings Street magicians, street musicians, and street artists: they give back smiles on the street.

Protection of Environment for all ecosystems Several projects related to the Environment give back to nature.

# The Solution Is Street Furniture Street furniture is a collective term for objects and pieces of equipment installed on streets and roads for various purposes, including benches, bollards, post boxes, phone boxes, streetlamps, street lighting, traffic lights, traffic signs, bus stops, bus stops, taxi stands, public restrooms, fountains and memorials, and waste receptacles. An important consideration in the design of street furniture is how it affects

road safety. (refer to the online dictionary, WIKIPEDIA) We, the PIONEER reporters, pay attention to the meaning of street furniture. It is thought that only visible things are considered street furniture; however, people - street musicians, and street artists would be street furniture. In addition, the colors of the street are important elements of street furniture. Even invisible THE PIONEER, NO. 143, SEPTEMBER 2008

things can be street furniture. We, the PIONEER reporters cover worldwide street furniture. We think that ‘energetic things for the city street’ are street furniture. Even though the individual elements of street furniture seem small and insignificant, there must be human love, human feelings, and protection of the environment. p [email protected] 19

S O C I A L

E X P L O R E R

Pictured by Kim Ji-young

Kim Tae-jin Social News Editor

Pictured by Cho Ah-ra

Pictured by Cho Ah-ra

#1 Color of the Street

Pictured by Kim Ji-young

Red bus of U.K.

Red postbox of Belgium

Yellow postbox of Switzerland

‘Color’is‘energy’of the city. Painting colors on the ash-colored city There are lots of important factors for people to live comfortably. Do you think that color can be one of them? Coloring the city is not artificial regulation or restriction but making the city better and more comfortable. In the past, people didn’t have much aesthetic interest in the city. However, these days, people treat the visual images which can contribute to the state of balance of human beings. Therefore, color should be considered for human’s comfort. On the other hand, the color of the city street can determine the image of the city. Coloring should be able to give significance and distinction of the city. In the pictures presented above, yellow and red are used to indicate the furniture of the city. These colors are very strong and gaudy, so easily catch sight of people. Moreover, color can show the local 20

Yellow tram of Italy

people’s emotion too. For example, red impresses the dignity and yellow impresses the intimacy. About 10 years ago, there was a case that the administrators once changed the color of Seoul intra-city bus to turbid purple, but citizens was against it, so changed again. It was a typical *‘red tape’. It resulted from a group of layman’s random selecting without experts. If they had used strong and gaudy color, the image of city would have been cleaner and purer. Some times ago, Seoul presented to select the 10 representative colors of Seoul and color ‘Dancheong-red’ of them to taxis. The term, ‘Dancheong’, is prefix which involves traditional culture and emotion of Korea. With this color, ‘Namsan Green’, ‘Gogung Brown’, ‘Kkotdam Ocher’, ‘Seoul Sky Blue’, ‘Doldam THE PIONEER, NO. 143, SEPTEMBER 2008

Gray’, ‘Giwa Deep Gray’, ‘Eunhaeng Yellow’, ‘Sambe Pale Yellow’ and ‘Hangang Silver White’ are also selected as 10 representative colors. Seoul planned to make basic direction of scenery administration and applied to public facilities, outdoor advertising and public transportation with 10 representative colors. Are there any representative colors of Jinju? As a matter of fact, there are 4 representative colors: ‘Jinju Blue’, ‘Jinju Green’, ‘Jinju Orange’ and ‘Jinju Red’. Blue symbolizes future, Green symbolizes pure environment, Orange symbolizes excitement and culture and Red symbolizes passion and spirit. *red tape: official rules and procedures when they seem unnecessary and cause delay.

Maim man

Magician

Pictured by Kim Ji-young

Pictured by Cho Ah-ra

Pictured by Cho Ah-ra

#2 People on the Street

Violinist

Street artists may be unfamiliar to us; ‘People’who gather‘people’can be one of city’ s attractions. Try imagining a music video scene: all the people on the street are controlled by power, so they must wear the same clothes, not talk and not play anything. You may feel uncomfortable. If people are inhibited in ways of their life, the world becomes dreary. Have you noticed this particular culture in the world? It’s surely impossible. Fortunately, you are living in a free world. You can wear clothes that you want, talk with your friends, and play after class. All the things you do in society are part of our culture. Especially if you are on the street, you are one of the members who make the ‘street culture’ of your area. You may think ‘street culture’ is unfamiliar, but actually many elements of our daily life belong to ‘street culture’.

One of the easy ways of making culture is art. There are some people who make ‘street culture’ through artistic means on the street. If you go abroad, you can easily see such people on the street. They are the men that named ‘street artists.’ They are drawing pictures, painting, playing instruments and doing various kinds of performance, for example, magic, circus, gags, performing acts and so on. You will notice that crowds see not only the products of artists but also the artists themselves. Above all, the art of ‘street artists’ arouses the observer’s emotions. In other words, the ‘street artists’ show us that people themselves can be attractions of the cities. It was a pity that the culture of street artists is not active in Korea. However, changes are THE PIONEER, NO. 143, SEPTEMBER 2008

happening. ‘The Street art and Culture Programme’ is being carried on in Cheonggyecheon in Seoul. ‘Cheonggyecheon Artists’ were selected through audition and are performing classic music, pantomime, street dances, hip-hop, caricature, calligraphy, etc. You can see foreign artists performing as well as Korean artists. Of course, you can see these performances for free. In Jinju, ‘Namgaram Culture Street’ is Korea’s first street of culture and art. Performances are sometimes enacted on ‘The street without cars’ and on Namgaram Culture Street. The various events are being held every week, so don’t miss them. It is expected that more ‘Street art and Culture Programme’ will be developed in Jinju. p [email protected] 21

S O C I A L

E X P L O R E R

#3 The Environment

Park Gun-hee Deputy Editor-in-Chief

There have been many efforts for the environment in many countries since people recognized the serious environmental problems. Some European countries recognized these problems sooner than other countries. Among the countries which care about their environment, we, the PIONEER reporters have visited and want to introduce two countries in particular, the Netherlands and the U.K. Pictured by Kim Ji-young

Pictured by Kim Tae-jin

The Netherlands Harmony between Cities and Environment

The Netherlands is known as the tulip country or the windmill country. Like nicknames of the Netherlands, this country is so beautiful and peaceful, but a more impressive thing is that the Netherlands is a bicycle paradise. Amsterdam is not only the capital city of the Netherlands but is also called the bicycle capital of the world. So, bicycles are given preferential treatment over cars and

every road in Amsterdam has a bicycle path. Especially, the central station in Amsterdam is the central hub of the whole transportation network. All forms of public transportation trams, subways, and buses - are connected through the central station. The streets seemed to be congested but cyclists keep traffic light and car drivers are considerate of cyclists and pedestrians as they follow the rules of the road.

Since the first oil shock in the 1970’s, bicycles have been a focus of the Dutch government as a way to solve traffic jams, environmental problems and energy problems, all caused by an increasing number of cars. For those reasons, many policies have encouraged the use of bicycles discouraged the use of cars.

Pictured by Cho Ah-ra

Pictured by Park Gun-hee

The U.K. In the cities, find efforts for the environment

In the U.K., especially, in London, there is the More London project in progress. More London is a new development on the south bank of the River Thames, immediately southwest of Tower Bridge. It includes the City Hall, a sunken amphitheater called The Scoop, office blocks, shops, restaurants, cafes, and a pedestrianized area containing open-air sculptures and water features, including fountains lit by coloured lights. More London is 13 acres in size and has planning consent for

three million square feet of mixed use space, of which up to two million square feet will be offices, accommodating up to 20,000 people. The buildings were designed by Foster and Partners architects and some are still under construction. The buildings are known as 1 & 6 More London Place, and 2, 3 & 4 More London Riverside. There are frequently outdoor exhibitions and cultural events in More London, usually associated with City Hall. For most of 2005 there was a popular

open-air exhibition of large environmental photographs called Earth from the Air. How does Korea compare to these countries? Jinju City often called the bicycle city but its system and support for cyclists is poor compared to what is offered in Amsterdam. In contrast, Changwon city is aggressive in pursuing bicycle policies and constructing bicycle paths.a

How does Korea compare to these countries? Jinju City often called the bicycle city but its system and support for cyclists is poor compared to what is offered in Amsterdam. In contrast, Changwon city is aggressive in pursuing bicycle policies and constructing bicycle paths. 22

THE PIONEER, NO. 143, SEPTEMBER 2008

#4 History and Tradition Not long ago, Korea lost to arson National Treasure No. 1, Sungnyemun. It was an event that made many Koreans seriously think about their national heritage (see PIONEER, Edition 142). In regard to preserving national heritage, let’s look at Italy and the U.K., two other historical countries.

As you know, Italy is famous for its historical sites: the Leaning Tower of Pisa, the Colosseum, Venice, Vatican City, etc. People often say that Italians easily make money thanks to their ancestors. It recognizes that revenue generated by tourism is significant. But think about their efforts to protect their historical sites and to preserve their heritage. It is a difficult task. The Italian government focuses on

preserving the remains of ancient Rome. In particular, cars are prohibited from driving around historical sites. Italian inspectors regularly monitor the condition of historical sites and artifacts, watching for damage and deterioration. When repairs are necessary, they fix them perfectly through historical investigation and building-construction techniques. In Italy the tourist business makes up about 12% of GDP. Italian historical sites

Pictured by Kim Tae-jin

Pictured by Cho Ah-ra

Pictured by Kim Tae-jin

Italy To maintain Pride and dignity

attract about four thousand visitors a year. Rome is called the everlasting city. There is a great variety and number of relics which experts work hard to preserve. The experts are systematically trained to protect the attractions of Italian heritage. Having been destroyed by wars of the past, many relics have to be replicated.

Pictured by Park Gun-hee

Pictured by Park Gun-hee

The U.K. Efforts to keep their history and tradition

Britons are very proud of their history and tradition, most people also have pride in their countries, though. In the U.K., there are so many old buildings in even the most advanced city, London. For example, there is the world’s first department store, the famous Harrods on Brompton Road in Knightsbridge. Opened in

1894, the present Harrods building was designed by the architect Charles William Stephens in 1905. As you know, there is a lot of rain in the U.K. Despite the weather, the Harrods building, which is built of wood, has is in good condition even today. When the PIONEER reporters visited Harrods, the

building was under repair. Continued attention and efforts to preserve their heritage makes the U.K. a historical country. That’s why I felt that I was on streets of the middle ages, walking in a well preserved residential street in London.

Korea hasn’t always been able to preserve its heritage, and much has been damaged by careless development. Korea should learn from other countries’ efforts to preserve their heritage. p [email protected] THE PIONEER, NO. 143, SEPTEMBER 2008

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W O R L D

Pictured by Kim Tae-jin

C A M P U S

The University of Oxford

The University Campus Is : The City Itself Park Gun-hee Deputy Editor-in-Chief

“Where is the University of Oxford?” Don’t ask this question to people in the city of Oxford in the U.K. Most people of Oxford may be confused and ask you, “Which university are you looking for?” This is because the city of Oxford and the University of Oxford are the same place. Do you understand what I mean? Let me explain. Gyeongsang-ans study at GNU which is in Gajwa-dong, Jinju City. But people never say Jinju City is in GNU. In contrast to GNU, the University of Oxford - and Cambridge, too - is located in the entire city. Five PIONEER reporters have visited these two universities.

T

radition and dignity are the best way to define the University of Oxford. This is because of its long history, including the age of the British Empire, and pride that comes with having the best intellects of the U.K. The University of Oxford was established as a Studium Generale that is the old name for a medieval university which was registered as an institution of international excellence by the Holy Roman Empire. The University of Oxford, which has turned out many of the U.K.’s prime ministers, 24

is composed of 35 colleges and 6 permanent private halls. Each college is related to the university administration in a manner similar to the American University system. There is a federation of colleges and halls that provides facilities for their use, such as libraries, gymnasiums, and laboratories, and the administration determines the curriculum. We, the PIONEER reporters, went to Oxford by the bus from London, a trip that took about an hour and a half. The first impression of Oxford was amazing. It is filled THE PIONEER, NO. 143, SEPTEMBER 2008

with middle age buildings. It doesn’t have a main entrance like many Korean universities. But I was captivated by the atmosphere of the city. Although most of the people on the streets looked like visitors, the city felt very quiet and still. Well, I am proud that GNU has a large campus but doesn’t compare with Oxford. It took about 20 minutes to walk from one college to another college, passing by houses and stores. It felt as if the city of Oxford is the University of Oxford.

Pictured by Park Gun-hee

Pictured by Park Gun-hee

Peaceful campus Pictured by Park Gun-hee

Visitors are allowed to visit Queen’s College from 10:00 to 16:30.

The bridge of mathmatics

The University of Cambridge

Pictured by Park Gun-hee

At the center of the city of Cambridge there are about 100,000 people living, at all parts of the University of Cambridge. It’s a place which has become world-famous with the University of Oxford. Since Peterhouse College opened, 32 colleges have produced many talented people. Unlike the University of Oxford, which felt like the city is in the university, the University of Cambridge felt like the university is in the city. Although there are many

buildings from the Middle Age, most buildings in the city look clean and modern. The river Cam flows slowly and calmly, making the city more beautiful. There are many famous places in the University of Cambridge: the Bridge of Sighs, Cavendish Laboratory, King’s College Chapel, and the Cambridge University Library, to name just a few. There is a funny story about the Bridge of Sighs, which is named in reference to the sound that Cambridge students

make as they cross the bridge on their way out of exams. A popular activity is punting - boating in a flat-bottomed boat, called a punt, designed for use in small rivers. There is the one of old museums of the world Fitzwilliam Museum. This museum is the art and antiquities museum of the University of Cambridge. In addition, there is a market on every Sunday and the shopping street is lively.

There are many interesting similarities and differences between these two universities and GNU. Many students of the three universities usually ride their bikes around their campus because it is big. Many buildings of the two universities are old, unlike most of the buildings in Korean universities, including GNU. Also, each of the British colleges has their own name, for example King’s college of the University of Cambridge. GNU just refers to each college by its field of study, for example the College of Business Administration. Also, many tourists visit the British universities and each college charges admission to enter their properties, and there are gatekeepers to guard the college entrance. Walking around the two historic universities, I envied them a little bit because of their good atmosphere. But GNU is approaching its 60th anniversary and can build its own tradition and history. I hope that Gyeongsang-ans will compete throughout Korea and the world. p [email protected] THE PIONEER, NO. 143, SEPTEMBER 2008

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T R A V E L

Explore Sakura’s Kingdom d n o y Be Beyond

Prejudice

Nam Young-woong Cub-reporter (Pictured by Nam Young-woong)

I

t’s July 10th, and it is steamy and hot in Korea. I arrived at the Kansai International Airport in Osaka, Japan. This is my first trip so I am afraid and uncertain. First, I take a subway on the Nankai line to Shinimamiya station. Generally, Japan’s subway system seems like Korea’s. However, the Japanese subway system uses only two languages so it is a little more difficult for Chinese and Korean passengers. Outside the window, I can see the landscape of Osaka. The Japanese city center is a collection of old, low buildings. In contrast, the typical Korean metropolitan center is a collection of high-rise apartments. I think that’s because Japan has a lot of earthquakes so they don’t build lots of high-rise apartments. I arrive at my destination. I have an opportunity to walk around an average Japanese city street and enjoyed it while comparing it to Korean city streets. Japanese roads are narrow so there are many minicabs. Many citizens ride bicycles. I think that’s why Japan has the title of ‘the world’s second most powerful economy.’

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Kansai - Osaka At my hotel, I unpack my bags and head toward Osaka castle to see the remains of the powerful Tokugawa Shogunate and Hideyoshi family’s glory. Unfortunately, when I arrived it was late and I couldn’t enter the tower of Osaka castle Tensukaku. But I walked around Osaka castle. The great moat surrounds the castle and the great castle wall, which leans at 45 degrees in defense from past enemies. I feel the Shogun’s power. After I visit Kyoto and Nara, I go into the Tensukaku. From the observatory, I can see Tensukaku nearby. Weapons and armor that were used during the Sengoku period are on display inside the tower, and there is a brief history of Osaka castle. Osaka castle symbolizes the Sengoku period, which rose and fell with the Hydeyoshi family related to the Samurai’s soul of middle age and Tokugawa shogunate is formed and arrival of modern Samurai soul, which preparing basic of Japanese life. After my walk around Osaka castle, I have dinner at a famous Soba restaurant. I can’t remember where the THE PIONEER, NO. 143, SEPTEMBER 2008

restaurant was located so I ask a high school student who passes by. With my poor Japanese I ask “Where is this restaurant?” She understands that I’m a foreigner and she is very interested in me. I think this is her first time to meet a Korean tourist; she takes me to the restaurant herself. I wonder if all teenagers are the same as this high school student. After dinner I go to the highest building in the Kansai region, WTC. From the observatory I see the night view of west Osaka and I feel I’m looking at the 21century stronghold of Japan. My final destination of the Kansai area is Dotonbori which is downtown Osaka. I understand from the fashion of Japan’s youth and the 20th century type and the 21st century type of signboard showing individuality between unification in Osaka.

Kansai - Kyoto On the second day, I go to Kyoto with some Koreans I met in my hotel. We arrive at Kinkakuji which is a golden temple built by the Ashikaga shogun family. I learn about the

Muromachi shogunate’s completion and their culture. During the Japanese Period of North and South Dynasties, Ashikaga Takauji completed the Shogunate’s foundation. At the time, the royal family and noble families are ruled by Shogun and Samurai. So Kinkaku’s buildings are organized into three architecture styles - Folk Japanese Style, Noble Style, and Samurai Style. These architecture styles symbolize the shogun’s confidence for nobles and common people. Next, I go to the oldest temple in Kyoto Kiyomizudera. I learn about the differences between Japanese and Korean temples. Both Korean and Japanese temples have small wells but their use is different. Generally, Koreans use their wells for drinking while the Japanese use their wells for simple bathing. As I drink this well water, many Japanese tourists see me and probably think I’m a strange person. These things are connected with ancient Japanese myths. The God of creation Izanagi washed out bad thing. Kofukuzi and Dodaizi temples in Nara were built during Nara-Heian period. At that time transmitted by Korea and China Buddhism developed their own unique style. fell down on the stair died in three years stair Sannenjaka is placed under the Kiyomizdera, came down along the Sannenjaka, connect with most antiquity down town of Kyoto Gion street. At that time festival of Kyoto Gion Mastsuri was held near by Yasaka shirne in Gion street. Gion Matsuri’s origin is protection from the god of epidemics; many women wearing Kimono for Matsuri. And I detect Japanese traditional women artist Geisha. Now Geishas are protected by the government as a

human cultural asset.

Kansai - Nara My final destination in the Kansai area is Nara, which was Japan’s ancient capital for 70 years before it was transferred to Kyoto. Deer walk around freely while food for the deer is sold to tourists and other people wanting to feed them. I visited Kofukuji and Todaiji. Kofukuji is one of largest temples in Japan although it was destroyed by war and earthquakes. The temple is organized around some shabby structures. Todaiji has the biggest Buddha image in Japan. The five meter image of Buddha is surrounded by praying priests. Because of this, many foreign and Japanese tourists crowd around. Finally, I visit Kasugataisha, a Shrine famous for having 3000 stone lanterns. Its straw roof and red painted pillars make it seem even more sacred.

Kyushu - Nagasaki I take a ship from Osaka bound for Fukuoka. As soon as I arrive at Fukuoka, I unpack my bags at my hotel then take a JR (Japan Rail) train to Nagasaki. Nagasaki was 1853 American’s admiral Ferry’s pressure with fleet. The Tokugawa shogunate quickly opened a port. Foreigner’s houses and cathedrals can still be seen today. But Nagasaki has echoes of suffering from the war. During World War 2, an American B-24 bomber dropped an atomic bomb over the city. Instantly, 10,000 people evaporated. But question of time I can’t go to the hurt of war. Guribaen is foreigner’s residence constructed in a park in 1850. This park had views of THE PIONEER, NO. 143, SEPTEMBER 2008

Nagasaki. Among the buildings is Glober’s mansion at the center of the park. This Glober mansion is related to Meige renovation like Sakamoto ryoma in which they fought to overthrow the Dokugawa Shogunate. But their imperialist goals led to the invasion of Korea and China, leading to World War 2. These days it continues to make trouble with Korea over Dokdo Island.

Epilogue In Osaka, I feel harmonious with both the 21st century and the 20th century, Antique Streets in Kyoto, and in harmony with animals, tradition, nature, and humans in Nara. An important Japanese value is harmony. The Samurai of the Sekigahara battle and Osaka siege warfare whose tragic deaths by the Hydeyoshi family in Osaka castle’s Tensukaky symbolize the value they place on loyalty. I see the differences in their loyalty compared to Korean scholars who are symbolized with bamboo. I saw the beauty of the temples of Kyoto and Nara. I learned about the noble families of the Heian period and their culture and the development of Buddhism of Japan. In Kinkakuji I read about the Muromachi Samurai’s confidence. In Nagasaki I learned how excessive patriotism led to tragedy - the atomic bomb and World War 2. I saw many posters of Korean celebrities posted throughout the downtowns and subway stations of Fukuoka and Osaka. I wondered if Korean people think of Japanese people as their enemy. First, we understand Japanese culture and history; after that we judge them as enemy or friend. p [email protected] 27

Pictured by Park Gun-hee

P E O P L E

Our Passion and Sensibility Were Stimulated by Them! Let’s dance, shall we?

French :-)

Cho Ah-ra Cover News Editor

I

Pictured by Nam Young Woong

met a special person during the last summer vacation. He is a very funny guy and he likes dancing with people. Do you want to know about him? He is a French man. His name is Bahim and he is 21 years old. His major is English Language and Literature. We met at the Journey Kings Cross Youth Hostel in London. We have many things in common. We have the same major, we’re the same age, we have similar characters, and so on. When I first met him, I thought that he looks like a French elitist. He had a positive attitude toward us. He heard that we were

going to another hostel on the next day, so he invited us to a dance party that night. We answered “Oh, yes! We’d like that.” Contrary to my expectations, he is good at dancing. He particularly likes Britney Jean Spears’ music. Hearing each country’s music, we engaged in animated conversation. We turned on music, Epic high’s ‘One’. He danced to the music. He asked me to dance with him but I hesitated because it was an unfamiliar situation for me. So, I taught him the ‘Hwang Jin-yi dance’. He followed the dance awkwardly; I felt that each different culture became one. It was so good.

When we went to Bahim to say goodbye, he pretended to cry. He is a very witty guy. He has a fine sense of humor. He came to London to look for a job. Though we have the same major, English Language and Literature, my English Speaking is rather poor, but his English speaking is very good so I was very shy. I decided that I have to make a greater effort and study hard. I am deeply grateful to him, because my passion and sensibility were stimulated by him. p [email protected]

Japanese :-)

Pleasure his kindness: that’s his kindness Nam Young-woong Cub-reporter

W

hen I went to Japan, I didn’t know which hotel to choose. So I got a recommendation from my friend who has been to Japan. The hotel’s name was Raizan Osaka, where I met the manager, Sigeyuki sinozaki. Mr. Sigeyuki looked like a Korean middle-aged gentleman. When I first spoke with Mr. Shigeyuki, we spoke about making international telephone calls to Korea. My Japanese was poor, and Mr. Shigeyuki’s Korean was poor, and to make matters - he couldn’t speak English well either we conversed by gesturing and by writing Chinese characters. And thanks to Mr. 28

Shigeyuki’s detailed help, I was able to call Korea. But I have a prejudice toward Japanese people who were not courteous, who hated communicating, and who had anti-Korean sentiments. One day Mr. Shigeyuki gave me some melon and watermelon. At the time, I thought that Mr. Shgeyuki was similar to Koreans - not just because he gave me fruit. He tried to talk with Korean people and he behaved as a Korean middle aged man. Most of all, he tried to be friendly with the Korean people he met. He went beyond doing his job; his actions were human and natural. Once he asked me if I had eaten dinner. At the time I THE PIONEER, NO. 143, SEPTEMBER 2008

had just come from Kyoto, and I hadn’t eat anything. I had some prejudice against Japanese people and Mr. Shigeyuki, so I replied with no emotion. But then he gave me some sherbet and Japanese dishes in the hotel restaurant. I thanked him and asked, “Why do you have an open mind to all strangers?” He answered, “When I open my mind to people, they - whoever they are - open their minds to me.” And he continued, “I feel great and happy. The fact that my kindness gives pleasure to other people is really good for me. It’s my pleasure, that’s all.” p [email protected]

Pictured by Kim Ji-young

American :-)

A Goal in the wide world Park Gun-hee Deputy Editor-in-Chief

W

hen I traveled to London, my friends and I stayed in a hostel with two American guys, Eli and Nathan. When I was just about to enter the room, Eli was drinking vodka with his friend, Nathan. Standing outside the room door, I worried about entering the room. ‘Drinking is prohibited in the room! If they should annoy me, what should I do?’ However, he was a totally different person compared with his first impression, a drinker. Eli talked openly with me from the moment we met. He said sorry to me because they had been

drinking, and he laughed me out of my fear of him by talking funny. While I talked with Eli, I got a glimpse of his character and who he was. He is 22 years old and has just graduated from the University of California, Santa Barbara (hereafter UCSB). To my surprise, we had the same major, Business Administration. As a senior of the business world, he advised me how to survive in the world. He said, “Grades are important sometimes but don’t be too serious about your grades. I even got a Cwhen I was a freshman in the UCSB. Well, Cis a little problem. Ha ha. But I overcame this

problem and got a chance to work at one of the big four accounting firms, Ernst & Young, as an intern.” About his internship, he may have to work like a nerd and have a hard time. But he said that he thinks of the hard internship experience as a toe in the door. I was jealous that there are so many chances and doors to the world in his city and country compared with my small city, Jin-ju, where I am studying now. However, I gave my word that I would overcome obstacles in my life and be a better person. p [email protected]

The nice guy who always throws himself out of new circumstance

F

Academic News Editor

inally the day came when I boarded a plane to the U.K. It was July 25th and we departed from Osaka, Japan. I was curious about how it would feel to look down at the earth and across the sky... Unfortunately I had an aisle seat. There sat a shy guy whose name is James Trafford who is the same age as me. Our conversation started as usual, ‘Where are you from?’. He is from the U.K. and I guessed he was a student at the University of Cambridge. He is interested in the environment. He said he came to Japan to give a speech about the environment in front of the members of an

Pictured by Cho Ah-ra

Lee Young-a

international environmental association. He had a week to have his graduation ceremony from the University of Cambridge. Although his major was history, he was going to work for a financial company on Wall Street in the U.S. I envied his worldly experience and he let me think about my situation. It was good luck to meet this cute guy who was very kind to spend about 12 hours giving me information teach about good places to go in the U.K., how to save money on transportation, and dangerous and safe areas in the U.K. p [email protected]

English :-) THE PIONEER, NO. 143, SEPTEMBER 2008

29

R E V I E W

The Issue of Looted Cultural Heritage: Our Museum Is under Siege. Kim Ji-young Editor-in-Chief

precious artifacts up until 1945, the final year of Japanese imperial rule. More than half of the existing Korean artifacts are in Japan. And many others are in museums of England, Italy, and France, tucked away in corners. In the strange places, we, the PIONEER consider the importance of museums, cultural heritage and artifacts, and history. One of the few benefits of living in the West may be the

potential for culture. Am I a little bit cynical? European nations have had more resources and power, so they have collected and plundered many items from around the world, for display and research in their own countries. Primarily, it has been the nations of England, Italy, and France whose collections have grown in such a manner.

[June 25th, 2008]

[July 18th, 2008]

[July 19th, 2008]

England, the British Museum

Vatican City State (enclave within the city of Rome), the Vatican Museum

France, the Louvre Museum, the National Library of France

▶ Korean Buddhist heritages The Vatican has issued a strong denunciation of the looting of 500 items of Korean cultural heritage related to Buddhism.

▶ Oegyujanggak In 1866, France seized 297 volumes of some 1,000 books reserved in the Oegyujanggak, a royal Joseon dynasty archive on Ganghwa Island off the west coast, when its armed forces invaded the island. ▶ Jikji simche yojeol The Goryeo era Buddhist script printed in 1377 with metal type which is also preserved at the National Library of France. France sought to supply the TGV system for Korea’s high-speed railway project in the early 1990s. However political agreement on their return has not been realized because of opposition from the French cultural bureaucracy.

T

he Cultural Heritage Administration reports that the number of looted historical Korean artifacts abroad is estimated to be 76,143. Korea lost many

▶ Porcelain with under-glazed iron The ceramics include Goryeo celadons, Joseon Buncheong wares and White Porcelains with under-glazed iron designs.

# Korea: A Tussle over the Treasures

517 in Italy (Including Vatican City State) Pictured by Kim Ji-young

6,610 in England

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THE PIONEER, NO. 143, SEPTEMBER 2008

2,121 in France Pictured by Kim Ji-young

# Meet the Museums of Great Western Powers: England, Italy, and France.

# Now Museums of the # The Looted Items of # Me in the Museums, Great Powers Korean Cultural Heritage “Where I am?” That have been discussed for a long time. Museums around the world have long had to contend with the issues of looted items of cultural heritage. One of these issues is related to items of Korean cultural heritage which have also been discussed for a fairly long time. When we, Korean students study history, the teachers emphasize the looted items of cultural heritage that were plundered, and urge the necessity for immediate action: the returning of our cultural heritage. From my experience, history teachers were enraged with these issues, and said: “There are complicated political, economic and historical implications; the issue of returning our items of cultural heritage needs to be scrutinized with moral responsibility and in consideration of international precedents.”

# Feeling a Bit Bitter toward Museums I felt a bit bitter that some say, “Art treasures should be accessible to the greatest number of people and to scholars, and in practice this means retaining them in the great museums of the world.” Items of cultural heritage should be displayed in the context where they originated. Only in this way can the items of cultural heritage be truly understood. In the case of Korean artifacts, these should be held in the architectural and cultural context with which they are connected, with something native to Korea.

They are hiding the stick behind the carrot. Perhaps Korea was a small and weak nation at the time, during the colonial period. That’s why we tried to keep the door closed to Western countries. But Western countries kept sending carrots: sending missionaries, medical professionals, scholars, etc., hiding their covert colonialist intentions behind them.

# The Subtle Distinction Between ‘Not Illegal’ and ‘Legal’. “It’s not illegal looting.” “We have a right to return them to our homeland, legally” Looting other countries’ items of cultural heritage was not illegal during ancient times. Furthermore, looting was very much a symbol of a successful victory: the power over other countries. Then, how about the existing nations? The ownership of the looted items has been transferred from the plundering states to original states legally. Looted artifacts should be returned to the original states under moral responsibility, though looting has happened under no international regulations.

THE PIONEER, NO. 143, SEPTEMBER 2008

My understanding of the museum - It should include local color. The issue that I mentioned above makes me think of the real meaning of museums: cultural heritage, and history. These three are related to each other, certainly. Items of cultural heritage have been gathered together and restored in the name of the museum. Here, the important thing is that the name of a museum is organized by specific history: related to homegrown things including local color. That’s my understanding of the real meaning of three things: museum, cultural heritage, and history. A museum is a “permanent institution in the service of society and of its development, open to the public, which acquires, conserves, researches, communicates and exhibits the tangible and intangible heritage of humanity and its environment, for the purposes of education, study, and enjoyment”, as defined by the International Council of Museums. Absolutely. I think the meaning of museums as defined by the International Council of Museums is right. However, consider the looted items of Korean culture and the looting nations. This meaning is not applied to our situation. From the above definition, what we have to take notice of in particular is ‘the service of society and of its development... the purpose of education, study, and enjoyment’. What sort of society does it mean? And what sort of development does it refer to? What is worse, I couldn’t understand the purpose of museums. p [email protected]

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L E T T E R S

T O

T H E

P I O N E E R

The Way of Getting Warm Affection I have an interest in reading the PIONEER, GNU’s English Magazine. When I first read the PIONEER, I thought it was difficult and boring because it’s only in English. My thoughts turned at to be prejudiced, since I found that the PIONEER consists of wholesome and useful articles. Also I am charmed by the PIONEER because they make articles of rich content. I have three opinions about the PIONEER as a regular reader. First, I want to grasp the meaning of difficult and important words. So, how about explain the meaning of these words at the bottom of the page? Of course, useful idioms are arranged well in the EXPRESSION section. If you explain the words at the bottom of the page, I can understand the article and the words at the same time. I’ll remember them more easily and it would be easier to understand the article. In addition, I want to read lots of GNU articles. I usually see three articles about GNU in a single issue. But they can’t have enough information when they are all contained in just one page. You’re the university magazine, so you have to do your duties faithfully. The PIONEER should carry plenty of news about GNU. Finally, I hope to read about hot issues in foreign countries. How about adding a new column called ‘INTO THE WORLD’? If you add a section about foreign countries, it will help to broaden the readers’ perspectives. I want to read about more interesting subjects: European backpacking, training for language study, and working holidays. If you make the most of your advantage and improve the weak points, I’m sure that your efforts will be appreciated by the readers. From now on you should be proud of the only GNU English magazine, the PIONEER. I would like to encourage your passion and efforts to improve the PIONEER. Cheer up! p From Shin Jung-a, Dept. of English Language and Literature, 07

The PIONEER, Kill Two Birds with One Stone! After starting university, I thought I should improve my English, so I subscribed to the Korea Herald. I had difficulty reading everything in it because I couldn’t read English very well compared with the Korean edition of the paper; it’s too long. I just piled up the newspapers without reading them. I thought I should not do such things so I stopped subscribing. At that time, I found the PIONEER, the campus English magazine, and read it whenever it was issued. There are so many good things to read easily in it: proper quantity of contents, useful information about campus life and social and local issues, etc. I especially liked the COVER STORY in the previous issue, ‘The true meaning of university’. In it a professor asked a student why he/she is going to university, and then he/she replied, “I don’t know.” If I were that student, I would also hesitate to reply to the professor’s question. Through that column, I had a chance to reflect on my own university experience: ‘Did I come here for social activities, or to work towards my goal?’ However, it is a pity that nowadays university students focus on studying TOEIC during the semester and also a vacation. That means that TOEIC has become an important element of campus life, so I think the students will focus on the PIONEER magazine if the PIONEER covers the information about TOEIC. I think it’s like killing two birds with one stone; we can learn about social issues, campus news, and study TOEIC at the same time. p From Park So-hwi, Dept. of Business Administration, 07

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THE PIONEER, NO. 143, SEPTEMBER 2008

PUZZLE Guess It! DOWN 1. A large, fortified, especially medieval, building with battlements and towers. (TRAVEL)

3 1 1

2. If someone behaves or moves with ____________, they are calm, controlled, and admirable. (CAMPUS WORLD)

M

5

J 3

2 4

4. The GNU ____________ is issuing a ‘Special Call Slip’ for Gyeongsangnam-do residents. (CAMPUS BRIEFING)

H

C 2

3. The ____________ helped villagers when they were given the ridiculously high tax. (COVER STORY)

O

S

4

L

D

R 5

G

5. A place where objects of artistic, scientific or historical interest are displayed to the public, preserved and studied. (REVIEW)

지난 142호 퍼즐 당첨자는 홈페이지를 통해 공지됩니다.

ACROSS

이번 143호 퍼즐 응모는 11월 31일까 지 홈페이지 및 엽서를 통해 접수하세요.

1. This noun is a state of peaceful existence and agreement. e.g. She and her husband are in perfect ____________ with each other. (SOCIAL EXPLORER)

퍼즐 정답자가 아니라도 좋은 의견을 보 내주신 분에게는 소정의 상품을 드릴 예정 입니다.

2. When you make a ____________, you travel from one place to another. (EDITORIAL) 3. To make one feel full of ideas and enthusiasm. (PEOPLE) 4. When there is a ____________ of something, it becomes active or popular again. (FOCUS) 5. GPP means ‘the ____________ Pioneer Program’. (CAMPAIGN)

많은 참여 부탁드립니다.

The 22nd English Essay Contest

A

Shout to the World !

모집부문 : 영어수필 주 제 : 제한없음 대 상 : 전국대학생 (전문대생 포함) 원고분량 : A4 용지 2매 내외 (10Point, 160%) 응모기한 : 2008년 10월 24일 (금) 18:00 제 출 처 : PIONEER 홈페이지 (http://pioneer.gnu.ac.kr) 심 사 : 별도 기준에 의함

발

표 : 2008. 11. 14 (금), PIONEER 홈페이지 (당선자에 한하여 사전에 개별통지) 시상내역 : 최우수상 (1명) - 총장상 & 상금 50만원 우수상 (1명) - 총장상 & 상금 30만원 장려상 (1명) - 총장상 & 상금 10만원 주 최 : 경상대학교 신문방송사 행사주관 : 영어잡지사 (PIONEER) 문 의 처 : 055) 751-5241, 5237, 5239