The Mit Press Fall 2009 Announcement Catalog

The MIT Press Fall 2009

NOTE Information in this file is accurate at paper catalog publication time and is subject to change without notice.

$22.95T/£14.95 cloth 978-0-262-22083-5

$24.95T/£16.95 cloth 978-0-262-10127-1

$24.95T/£16.95 cloth 978-0-262-20176-6

$24.95T/£16.95 cloth 978-0-262-19570-6

$24.95T/£12.95 paper 978-0-262-63366-6

$44.95T/£22.95 cloth 978-1-933751-09-2

$24.95T/£16.95 cloth 978-0-262-13504-7

$28.00S/£18.95 cloth 978-0-262-02638-3

$22.95T/£14.95 cloth 978-0-262-16256-2

For the most up-to-date information available on our titles, please consult the individual book pages on our website, which may be found at http://mitpress.mit.edu; journal information may be found at http://www.mitpressjournals.org . Book entries in this document are linked to their corresponding website pages by their International Standard Book Numbers (ISBNs) . Journal links are identified at the bottom of each entry.

CONTENTS architecture 2-3, 24-25, 49 art 10-13, 14-20, 36, 41-42, 49-50 bioethics 56-57 biology 57-58, 84-85 biography 32, 37, 72 business 6, 8, 52 cognitive science 6-7, 61, 89 cognitive neuroscience 62, 86, 89 computational biology 84 computing, computer science 32, 53-55, 67-68 cultural studies 10, 37-40, 48 current affairs 5, 34, 44, 48 economics 33, 48, 64-65, 94-95 environment 10, 78-83 fiction 35 game studies 4, 29-31, 51, 53 history of science 57, 73, 75-77 history of technology 72 linguistics 60-61, 92-94 music 13, 71 neuroscience 63, 87-88 new media 13, 50, 51, 71 philosophy, philosophy of mind 43, 45-47, 59-60, 89, 90-91 photography 2-3, 21-22 politics, political theory 38-39, 43, 48 political science 73, 77-82 popular culture 4, 29-31, 51 psychoanalysis 22-23 robotics 69 science 1, 9, 78 science, technology, and society 74-75 security studies 5, 77 technology 28, 52, 70, 73 technology and society 52 urban studies, urban planning 27, 79 Afterall Books 41-42 Semiotext(e) 35-40 Zone Books 43-46

science/nature

THE METAMORPHOSIS OF PLANTS Johann Wolfgang von Goethe introduction and photography by Gordon L. Miller The Metamorphosis of Plants, published in 1790, was Goethe’s first major attempt to describe what he called in a letter to a friend “the truth about the how of the organism.” Inspired by the diversity of flora he found on a journey to Italy, Goethe sought a unity of form in diverse structures. He came to see in the leaf the germ of a plant’s metamorphosis — “the true Proteus who can hide or reveal himself in all vegetal forms” — from the root and stem leaves to the calyx and corolla, to pistil and stamens. With this short book — 123 numbered paragraphs, in the manner of the great botanist Linnaeus — Goethe aimed to tell the story of botanical forms in process, to present, in effect, a motion picture of the metamorphosis of plants. This edition of The Metamorphosis of Plants illustrates Goethe’s text (in an English translation by Douglas Miller) with a series of stunning and starkly beautiful color photographs as well as numerous line drawings. It is the most completely and colorfully illustrated edition of Goethe’s book ever published. It demonstrates vividly Goethe’s ideas of transformation and interdependence, as well as the systematic use of imagination in scientific research — which influenced thinkers ranging from Darwin to Thoreau and has much to teach us today about our relationship with nature.

Goethe’s influential text, newly illustrated with stunning color photographs.

September 6 x 8, 136 pp. 60 color photographs, 3 color illus., 21 black & white illus. $21.95T/£16.95 cloth 978-0-262-01309-3

Also available THE THEORY OF COLOURS Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 1970, 978-0-262-57021-3 $31.00T/£22.95 paper

Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749–1832), a towering figure in German literature, was the author of The Sorrows of Young Werther, Faust, Italian Journey, The Theory of Colours (MIT Press edition, 1970), and many other works. Gordon L. Miller teaches in the History Department and is Director of the interdisciplinary Environmental Studies Program at Seattle University.

Poppy

Photography by Gordon L. Miller. From The Metamorphosis of Plants.

Coltsfoot

1

photography/architecture/psychiatry

ASYLUM Powerful photographs of the grand exteriors and crumbling interiors of America’s abandoned state mental hospitals. September 11 3/4 x 10 1/4, 216 pp. 111 color photographs 69 multi-tone black & white photographs 61 black & white images $39.95T/£29.95 cloth 978-0-262-01349-9

Inside the Closed World of State Mental Hospitals Photographs by Christopher Payne with an essay by Oliver Sacks For more than half the nation’s history, vast mental hospitals were a prominent feature of the American landscape. From the mid-nineteenth century to the early twentieth, over 250 institutions for the insane were built throughout the United States; by 1948, they housed more than a half million patients. The blueprint for these hospitals was set by Pennsylvania hospital superintendant Thomas Story Kirkbride: a central administration building flanked symmetrically by pavilions and surrounded by lavish grounds with pastoral vistas. Kirkbride and others believed that well-designed buildings and grounds, a peaceful environment, a regimen of fresh air, and places for work, exercise, and cultural activities would heal mental illness. But in the second half of the twentieth century, after the introduction of psychotropic drugs and policy shifts toward community-based care, patient populations declined dramatically, leaving many of these beautiful, massive buildings — and the patients who lived in them — neglected and abandoned. Architect and photographer Christopher Payne spent six years documenting the decay of state mental hospitals like these, visiting seventy institutions in thirty states. Through his lens we see splendid, palatial exteriors (some designed by such prominent architects as H. H. Richardson and Samuel Sloan) and crumbling interiors — chairs stacked against walls with peeling paint in a grand hallway; brightly colored toothbrushes still hanging on a rack; stacks of suitcases, never packed for the trip home. Accompanying Payne’s striking and powerful photographs is an essay by Oliver Sacks (who described his own experience working at a state mental hospital in his book Awakenings). Sacks pays tribute to Payne’s photographs and to the lives once lived in these places, “where one could be both mad and safe.” Christopher Payne is a photographer and practicing architect in New York City and the author of New York’s Forgotten Substations: The Power Behind the Subway. Oliver Sacks, a neurologist, is the author of The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat, Awakenings, Musicophilia, and other books.

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Patient suitcases in ward attic, Bolivar State Hospital Bolivar, Georgia

Danvers State Hospital, Massachusetts.

“Payne is a visual poet as well as an architect by training, and he has spent years finding and photographing these buildings — often the pride of their local communities and a powerful symbol of humane caring for those less fortunate. His photographs are beautiful images in their own right, and they also pay tribute to a sort of public architecture that no longer exists. They focus both on the monumental and the mundane, the grand facades and the peeling paint.” — Oliver Sacks, Asylum

Ward, Kankakee State Hospital, Kankakee, Illinois

Terrell State Hospital, Terrell, Texas Photographs by Christopher Payne. From Asylum.

3

popular culture/game studies

A CASUAL REVOLUTION How casual games like Guitar Hero, Bejeweled, and those for Nintendo Wii are expanding the audience for video games.

November 6 x 9, 256 pp. 109 illus. $24.95T/£18.95 cloth 978-0-262-01337-6

Also available HALF-REAL Video Games between Real Rules and Fictional Worlds Jesper Juul 2005, 978-0-262-10110-3 $36.00S/£26.95 cloth

Reinventing Video Games and Their Players Jesper Juul The phenomenal popularity of the Nintendo Wii, Guitar Hero, and smaller games like Bejeweled or Zuma, has turned the stereotype of the obsessed young male gamer on its head. Players of these casual games are not required to possess an intimate knowledge of video game history or to devote hours or days to play. At the same time, many players of casual games show a dedication and skill that is anything but casual. In A Casual Revolution, Jesper Juul describes this as a reinvention of video games, and of our image of video game players, and explores what this tells us about the players, the games, and their interaction. With this reinvention of video games, the game industry reconnects with a general audience. Many of today’s casual game players once enjoyed Pac-Man, Tetris, and other early games, only to drop out when video games became more specialized. For a long time, video games asked players to structure their lives to fit the demands of a game; with casual games, it is the game that is designed to fit into the lives of players. These flexible games make it possible for everyone to be a video game player. Juul shows that it is only by understanding what a game requires of players, what players bring to a game, how the game industry works, and how video games have developed historically that we can understand what makes video games fun and why we choose to play (or not to play) them. Jesper Juul is a video game lecturer and researcher at the Singapore-MIT GAMBIT Game Lab at MIT. He is the author of Half-Real: Video Games between Real Rules and Fictional Worlds (2005), published by the MIT Press.

4

current affairs/security studies

RADICAL, RELIGIOUS, AND VIOLENT The New Economics of Terrorism Eli Berman How do radical religious sects run such deadly terrorist organizations? Hezbollah, Hamas, Lashkar-e-Taiba, and the Taliban all began as religious groups dedicated to piety and charity. Yet once they turned to violence, they became horribly potent, executing campaigns of terrorism deadlier than those of their secular rivals. In Radical, Religious, and Violent, Eli Berman approaches the question using the economics of organizations. He first dispels some myths: radical religious terrorists are not generally motivated by the promise of rewards in the afterlife (including the infamous seventy-two virgins) or even by religious ideas in general. He argues that these terrorists (even suicide terrorists) are best understood as rational altruists seeking to help their own communities. Yet despite the vast pool of potential recruits — young altruists who feel their communities are repressed or endangered — there are less than a dozen highly lethal terrorist organizations in the world capable of sustained and coordinated violence that threatens governments and makes hundreds of millions of civilians hesitate before boarding an airplane. What’s special about these organizations, and why are most of their followers religious radicals? Drawing on parallel research on radical religious Jews, Christians, and Muslims, Berman shows that the most lethal terrorist groups have a common characteristic: their leaders have found a way to control defection. Hezbollah, Hamas, and the Taliban, for example, built loyalty and cohesion by means of mutual aid, weeding out “free riders” and producing a cadre of members they could rely on. The secret of their deadly effectiveness lies in their resilience and cohesion when incentives to defect are strong. These insights suggest that provision of basic social services by competent governments adds a critical, nonviolent component to counterterrorism strategies. It undermines the violent potential of radical religious organizations without disturbing free religious practice, being drawn into theological debates with Jihadists, or endangering civilians.

Applying fresh tools from economics to explain puzzling behaviors of religious radicals: Muslim, Christian, and Jewish; violent and benign.

October 6 x 9, 280 pp. 38 illus. $24.95T/£18.95 cloth 978-0-262-02640-6

Eli Berman is Professor of Economics at the University of California, San Diego, and Research Director of International Security Studies at the University of California Institute on Global Conflict and Cooperation.

5

business/cognitive science

STREETLIGHTS AND SHADOWS An expert explains how the conventional wisdom about decision making can get us into trouble—and why experience can’t be replaced by rules, procedures, or analytical methods.

October 6 x 9, 336 pp. 30 illus. $27.95T/£20.95 cloth 978-0-262-01339-0 A Bradford Book

Also available SOURCES OF POWER How People Make Decisions Gary Klein 1999, 978-0-262-61146-6 $28.00T/£20.95 paper WORKING MINDS A Practitioner’s Guide to Cognitive Task Analysis Beth Crandall, Gary Klein, and Robert R. Hoffman 2006, 978-0-262-53281-5 $26.95T/£19.95 paper

Searching for the Keys to Adaptive Decision Making Gary Klein In making decisions, when should we go with our gut and when should we try to analyze every option? When should we use our intuition and when should we rely on logic and statistics? Most of us would probably agree that for important decisions, we should follow certain guidelines — gather as much information as possible, compare the options, pin down the goals before getting started. But in practice we make some of our best decisions by adapting to circumstances rather than blindly following procedures. In Streetlights and Shadows, Gary Klein debunks the conventional wisdom about how to make decisions. He takes ten commonly accepted claims about decision making and shows that they are better suited for the laboratory than for life. The standard advice works well when everything is clear, but the tough decisions involve shadowy conditions of complexity and ambiguity. Gathering masses of information, for example, works if the information is accurate and complete — but that doesn’t often happen in the real world. (Think about the careful risk calculations that led to the downfall of the Wall Street investment houses.) Klein offers more realistic ideas about how to make decisions in real-life settings. He provides many examples — ranging from airline pilots and weather forecasters to sports announcers and Captain Jack Aubrey in Patrick O’Brian’s Master and Commander novels — to make his point. All these decision makers saw things that others didn’t. They used their expertise to pick up cues and to discern patterns and trends. We can make better decisions, Klein tells us, if we are prepared for complexity and ambiguity and if we will stop expecting the data to tell us everything. Gary Klein is a Senior Scientist at Applied Research Associates. He is the author of Sources of Power: How People Make Decisions (1999) and the coauthor of Working Minds: A Practitioner’s Guide to Cognitive Task Analysis (2007), both published by the MIT Press.

6

cognitive science/artificial intelligence

CHESS METAPHORS Artificial Intelligence and the Human Mind Diego Rasskin-Gutman translated by Deborah Klosky When we play the ancient and noble game of chess, we grapple with ideas about honesty, deceitfulness, bravery, fear, aggression, beauty, and creativity, which echo (or allow us to depart from) the attitudes we take in our daily lives. Chess is an activity in which we deploy almost all our available cognitive resources; therefore, it makes an ideal laboratory for investigation into the workings of the mind. Indeed, research into artificial intelligence (AI) has used chess as a model for intelligent behavior since the 1950s. In Chess Metaphors, Diego Rasskin-Gutman explores fundamental questions about memory, thought, emotion, consciousness, and other cognitive processes through the game of chess, using the moves of thirty-two pieces over sixty-four squares to map the structural and functional organization of the brain. Rasskin-Gutman focuses on the cognitive task of problem solving, exploring it from the perspectives of both biology and AI. He examines concept after concept, move after move, delving into the varied mental mechanisms and the cognitive processes underlying the actions of playing chess. Bringing the game of chess into a larger framework, he analyzes its collateral influences that spread along the frontiers of games, art, and science. Finally, he investigates AI’s effort to program a computer that could beat a flesh-and-blood grandmaster (and win a world chess championship) and how the results fall short when compared to the truly creative nature of the human mind.

How the moves of thirty-two chess pieces over sixty-four squares can help us understand the workings of the mind.

September 6 x 9, 232 pp. 58 illus. $24.95T/£18.95 cloth 978-0-262-18267-6

Also available MODULARITY edited by Werner Callebaut and Diego Rasskin-Gutman 2009, 978-0-262-51326-5 $29.00S/£21.95 paper

Diego Rasskin-Gutman is Ramón y Cajal Research Associate and Head of the Theoretical Biology Research Group at the Institute Cavanilles for Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, University of Valencia, Spain. He is the coeditor (with Werner Callebaut) of Modularity: Understanding the Development and Evolution of Natural Complex Systems (MIT Press, 2009).

“This book, in an accessible but profound way, approaches difficult but essential questions about the function of two types of intelligence destined to coexist as parent and child: human intelligence and artificial intelligence.” — Miguel Illescas Córdoba, International Chess Grand Master, Director, Chess Education and Technology, Spain “Diego Rasskin-Gutman has gracefully surveyed modern ideas about artificial intelligence in a context of brain structure and function and of contemporary views about cognitive science. This wide-ranging book is unified by considering the game of chess, a rich source of metaphors relating to human problem solving, and the domain of the greatest victory for artificial intelligence.” — Charles F. Stevens, Professor, The Salk Institute

7

business/innovation

WIRED FOR INNOVATION Two experts on the information economy explore the true economic value of technology and innovation.

September 5 3/8 x 8, 128 pp. $18.95T/£14.95 cloth 978-0-262-01366-6

Also available UNDERSTANDING THE DIGITAL ECONOMY Data, Tools, and Research edited by Erik Brynjolfsson and Brian Kahin 2002, 978-0-262-52330-1 $30.00S/£22.95 paper

“If e-business had an oracle, Erik Brynjolfsson would be anointed.” — Business Week

How Information Technology is Reshaping the Economy Erik Brynjolfsson and Adam Saunders Starting in 1995, productivity growth took off in the U.S. economy. In Wired for Innovation, Erik Brynjolfsson and Adam Saunders describe how information technology directly or indirectly created the lion’s share of this productivity surge, reversing decades of slow growth. They argue that the turnaround in productivity reflects the delayed effects of the massive investments in business processes accompanying the large technology investments since the late 1990s. Companies with the highest level of returns to their technology investment did more than just buy technology: they invested in organizational capital to become digital organizations. Brynjolfsson and Saunders examine the real sources of value in the emerging information economy, including intangible inputs and outputs that have defied traditional metrics. For instance, intangible organizational capital is not directly observable on a balance sheet but amounts to trillions of dollars of value. Similarly, such nonmarket transactions of information goods as Google searches are an increasingly large share of the economy yet virtually invisible in the GDP statistics. The authors, drawing on work done at MIT’s Sloan School of Management, suggest alternatives that would better measure the value of technology in the economy. They describe new methods that don’t treat technology as just another type of ordinary capital investment but also measure complementary investments — including training and consulting — and the value of product quality, timeliness, variety, convenience, and new products. Innovation continues through boom and bust; this book provides a crucial guide for policymakers and economists who need to understand how information technology is transforming the economy and where it will create value in the coming decade. Erik Brynjolfsson is Schussel Family Professor at MIT’s Sloan School of Management, and Director of the MIT Center for Digital Business. He is the coeditor of Understanding the Digital Economy: Data, Tools, and Research (MIT Press, 2002). Adam Saunders is a PhD candidate in the Information Technologies Group at the Sloan School.

8

science/aviation

THE SIMPLE SCIENCE OF FLIGHT From Insects to Jumbo Jets revised and expanded edition

Henk Tennekes From the smallest gnat to the largest aircraft, all things that fly obey the same aerodynamic principles. In The Simple Science of Flight, Henk Tennekes investigates just how machines and creatures fly: what size wings they need, how much energy is required for their journeys, how they cross deserts and oceans, how they take off, climb, and soar. Fascinated by the similarities between nature and technology, Tennekes offers an introduction to flight that teaches by association. Swans and Boeings differ in numerous ways, but they follow the same aerodynamic principles. Biological evolution and its technical counterpart exhibit exciting parallels. What makes some airplanes successful and others misfits? Why does the Boeing 747 endure but the Concorde now seem a fluke? Tennekes explains the science of flight through comparisons, examples, equations, and anecdotes. The new edition of this popular book has been thoroughly revised and much expanded. Highlights of the new material include a description of the incredible performance of bar-tailed godwits (7,000 miles nonstop from Alaska to New Zealand), an analysis of the convergence of modern jetliners (from both Boeing and Airbus), a discussion of the metabolization of energy featuring Lance Armstrong, a novel treatment of the aerodynamics of drag and trailing vortices, and an emphasis throughout on evolution, in nature and in engineering. Tennekes draws on new evidence on bird migration, new wind-tunnel studies, and data on new airliners. And his analysis of the relative efficiency of planes, trains, and automobiles is newly relevant. (On a cost-per-seat scale, a 747 is more efficient than a passenger car.)

An investigation into how machines and living creatures fly, and of the similarities between butterflies and Boeings, paper airplanes and plovers.

October 7 x 9, 176 pp. 87 illus. $21.95T/£16.95 paper 978-0-262-51313-5

Also available A FIRST COURSE IN TURBULENCE Henk Tennekes and J. L. Lumley 1972, 978-0-262-20019-6 $62.00X/£45.95 cloth

Henk Tennekes is Director of Research Emeritus at the Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute, Emeritus Professor of Meteorology at Free University, Amsterdam, and Emeritus Professor of Aerospace Engineering at Pennsylvania State University. He is the coauthor of A First Course in Turbulence (MIT Press, 1972).

9

environment/cultural studies/art

WATER edited by John Knechtel Writers and artists offer new perspectives on water, with writings and projects that touch on subjects ranging from new water infrastructures to the bliss of bathing.

October 4 3/4 x 6 1/4, 320 pp. 200 color illus. $15.95T/£11.95 cloth 978-0-262-01329-1 Alphabet City 14

Also available in this series FUEL edited by John Knechtel 2008, 978-0-262-11325-0 $15.95T/£11.95 cloth Alphabet City 13

Water is the chemical matrix required for life, the molecular chain that connects all organisms on the planet. But in the twenty-first century, water may replace oil as the most prized of resources. Just as gas-guzzling SUVs use more than their share of fuel, water-guzzling regions threaten the water supply for the rest of the world. In Water, writers, scientists, architects, and artists consider the many aspects of water, at levels from the microscopic to the global, touching on subjects that range from new water infrastructures to ancient bathing rituals. Water includes a chemist’s accounting of the true cost of water; photographs taken inside a city’s secret waterways; an urban planner’s description of how Toronto, New York, Hamburg, and Seoul have redesigned and rethought their waterfront areas; a conceptual artist’s series of water bottles “branded” with various modern credos; photographs of a water-damaged ledger from the 1905 Yukon gold rush; two architects’ rethinking of how to collect, divert, and transport water from water-rich to water-poor regions; a philosopher’s invocation of the spiritual lessons of water; and photographs of a disturbingly beautiful flooded landscape. John Knechtel is Director of Alphabet City Media in Toronto.

FOOD edited by John Knechtel 2007, 978-0-262-11309-0 $15.95T/£11.95 cloth Alphabet City 12 TRASH edited by John Knechtel 2006, 978-0-262-11301-4 $15.95T/£11.95 cloth Alphabet City 11 SUSPECT edited by John Knechtel 2005, 978-0-262-11290-1 $15.95T/£11.95 cloth Alphabet City 10 SUBTITLES edited by Atom Egoyan and Ian Balfour 2004, 978-0-262-05078-4 $35.00T/£25.95 cloth Alphabet City 9 Each volume of Alphabet City’s pocketbook anthology series gathers the work of a diverse group of writers and artists to investigate a single topic from many angles.

Isaac Applebaum, The Flood of ’97.

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Carolyn Turner, Water Scores.

art/education

ART SCHOOL (Propositions for the 21st Century) edited and with an introduction by Steven Henry Madoff The last explosive change in art education came nearly a century ago, when the German Bauhaus was formed. Today, dramatic changes in the art world — its increasing professionalization, the pervasive power of the art market, and fundamental shifts in art-making itself in our post-Duchampian era — combined with a revolution in information technology, raise fundamental questions about the education of today’s artists. Art School (Propositions for the 21st Century) brings together more than thirty leading international artists and art educators to reconsider the practices of art education in academic, practical, ethical, and philosophical terms. The essays in the book range over continents, histories, traditions, experiments, and fantasies of education. Accompanying the essays are conversations with such prominent artist/educators as John Baldessari, Michael Craig-Martin, Hans Haacke, and Marina Abramovi´c, as well as questionnaire responses from a dozen important artists — among them Mike Kelley, Ann Hamilton, Guillermo Kuitca, and Shirin Neshat — about their own experiences as students. A fascinating analysis of the architecture of major historical art schools throughout the world looks at the relationship of the principles of their designs to the principles of the pedagogy practiced within their halls. And throughout the volume, attention is paid to new initiatives and proposals about what an art school can and should be in the twenty-first century — and what it shouldn’t be. No other book on the subject covers more of the questions concerning art education today or offers more insight into the pressures, challenges, risks, and opportunities for artists and art educators in the years ahead.

Leading international artists and art educators consider the challenges of art education in today’s dramatically changed art world.

October 6 x 9, 384 pp. 29 illus. $29.95T/£22.95 cloth 978-0-262-13493-4

Steven Henry Madoff, an award-winning writer, editor, and poet, has written extensively on contemporary art for such publications as Artforum, the New York Times, and Time magazine, and published numerous monographs on leading artists. He is Senior Critic at Yale University’s School of Art.

CONTRIBUTORS Marina Abramovi´c, Dennis Adams, John Baldessari, Ute Meta Bauer, Daniel Birnbaum, Saskia Bos, Tania Bruguera, Luis Camnitzer, Michael Craig-Martin, Thierry de Duve, Clémentine Deliss, Charles Esche, Liam Gillick, Boris Groys, Hans Haacke, Ann Lauterbach, Ken Lum, Steven Henry Madoff, Brendan D. Moran, Ernesto Pujol, Raqs Media Collective, Charles Renfro, Jeffrey T. Schnapp, Michael Shanks, Robert Storr, Anton Vidokle

QUESTIONNAIRES Thomas Bayrle, Paul Chan, Jeremy Gilbert-Rolfe, Piero Golia, Ann Hamilton, Matthew Higgs, Mike Kelley, Guillermo Kuitca, Shirin Neshat, Paul Ramírez-Jonas, Dana Schutz, Brian Sholis, Fred Wilson

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art/education

TIM ROLLINS AND K.O.S. A critical history and comprehensive catalog of the celebrated and controversial works created by activist and artist Tim Rollins and Kids of Survival.

November 12 x 9, 220 pp. 120 color illus. $39.95T/£29.95 cloth 978-0-262-01355-0 Distributed for the Tang Teaching Museum at Skidmore College

ESSAYS BY Julie Ault Susan Cahan David Deitcher Eleanor Heartney Larry Rinder James Romaine Interview with the artist by Ian Berry

EXHIBITION Tim Rollins and K.O.S.: A History The Frances Young Tang Teaching Museum and Art Gallery at Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs February 28–August 30, 2009 The Institute of Contemporary Art, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia September 10–December 6, 2009

A History edited by Ian Berry In August 1981, artist and activist Tim Rollins was recruited by the principal of Intermediate School 52 in the South Bronx to develop a curriculum that combined art-making with lessons in reading and writing for students classified as “at risk.” On the first day of school, Rollins told his students, “Today we are going to make art, but we are also going to make history.” This book unfolds that history, offering the first comprehensive catalog of work created collaboratively by Rollins and several generations of students, now known as the “Kids of Survival”. Rollins and his students developed a way of working that combined art-making with reading literature and writing personal narratives: Rollins or a student would read aloud from classic literary texts by such authors as Shakespeare and Orwell while the rest of the class drew or wrote on the pages being read, connecting the stories to their own experiences. Often, Rollins and his students (who later named themselves “Kids of Survival” or K.O.S.) cut out book pages and laid them on a grid on canvas before undertaking their graphic interventions. This process developed into the group’s signature style, which they applied to literary texts, musical scores, and other printed matter. This book and the accompanying major museum retrospective document the history of the groundbreaking practice of Tim Rollins and K.O.S., with full color images of paintings, drawings, sculptures, and prints. These include a caricature of Jesse Helms with an animal body drawn on the pages of Animal Farm; graffiti-like images painted in acrylic on the pages of Frankenstein; a gleaming pattern of fantastical golden horns on Kafka’s Amerika; and a series of red letter A’s on The Scarlet Letter. Ian Berry is Associate Director for Curatorial Affairs and Malloy Curator at the Tang Teaching Museum and Art Gallery at Skidmore College.

The Frye Art Museum, Seattle January–April 2010

Top: Tim Rollins and K.O.S., Frankenstein (after Mary Shelley), 1981-84. Acrylic on book pages mounted on linen, 9 x 12 feet. Bottom: Tim Rollins and K.O.S., Amerika I (after Franz Kafka), 1984-1985. Oil stick, acrylic, china marker on paper, 71 x 177 inches. From Tim Rollins and K.O.S.

12

new media/music/art

CRACKED MEDIA The Sound of Malfunction Caleb Kelly From the mid-twentieth century into the twenty-first, artists and musicians manipulated, cracked, and broke audio media technologies to produce novel sounds and performances. Artists and musicians, including John Cage, Nam June Paik, Yasunao Tone, and Oval, pulled apart both playback devices (phonographs and compact disc players) and the recorded media (vinyl records and compact discs) to create an extended sound palette. In Cracked Media, Caleb Kelly explores how the deliberate utilization of the normally undesirable (a crack, a break) has become the site of productive creation. Cracked media, Kelly writes, slides across disciplines, through music, sound, and noise. Cracked media encompasses everything from Cage’s silences and indeterminacies, to Paik’s often humorous tape works, to the cold and clean sounds of digital glitch in the work of Tone and Oval. Kelly offers a detailed historical account of these practices, arguing that they can be read as precursors to contemporary new media. Kelly looks at the nature of recording technology and the music industry in relation to the crack and the break, and discusses the various manifestations of noise, concluding that neither theories of recording nor theories of noise offer an adequate framework for understanding cracked media. Connecting the historical avant-garde to modern-day turntablism, and predigital destructive techniques to the digital ticks, pops, and clicks of the glitch, Kelly proposes new media theorizations of cracked media that focus on materiality and the everyday.

How the deliberate cracking and breaking of playback media has produced experimental music and sound by artists and musicians ranging from Nam June Paik and Christian Marclay to Yasunao Tone and Oval.

September 6 3/4 x 6 3/4, 392 pp. 20 illus. $24.95T/£18.95 cloth 978-0-262-01314-7

Caleb Kelly is a lecturer at the Sydney College of Art, the University of Sydney, Australia.

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art/museum studies

INSTITUTIONAL CRITIQUE An anthology of writings and projects by artists who developed and extended the genre of institutional critique.

October 7 x 9, 440 pp. 60 illus. $39.95T/£29.95 cloth 978-0-262-01316-1

ARTISTS REPRESENTED INCLUDE Wieslaw Borowski, Daniel Buren, Marcel Broodthaers, Groupe de Recherche d’Art Visuel, Hans Haacke, Robert Smithson, John Knight, Graciela Carnevale, Osvaldo Mateo Boglione, Guerilla Art Action Group, Art Workers’ Coalition, Mierle Laderman Ukeles, Michael Asher, Mel Ramsden, Adrian Piper, The Guerrilla Girls, Laibach, Silvia Kolbowski, Andrea Fraser, Fred Wilson, Mark Dion, Maria Eichhorn, Critical Art Ensemble, Bureau d’Études, WochenKlausur, The Yes Men, Hito Steyerl, Andreas Siekmann Also available CONCEPTUAL ART A Critical Anthology edited by Alexander Alberro and Blake Stimson 2000, 978-0-262-51117-9 $38.00T/£28.95 paper CONCEPTUAL ART AND THE POLITICS OF PUBLICITY Alexander Alberro 2004, 978-0-262-51184-1 $23.95T/£17.95 paper THE PIVOT OF THE WORLD Photography and Its Nation Blake Stimson 2006, 978-0-262-69333-2 $21.95T/£16.95 paper

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An Anthology of Artists’ Writings edited by Alexander Alberro and Blake Stimson “Institutional critique” is an artistic practice that reflects critically on its own housing in galleries and museums and on the concept and social function of art itself. Such concerns have always been a part of modern art but took on new urgency at the end of the 1960s, when — driven by the social upheaval of the time and enabled by the tools and techniques of conceptual art — institutional critique emerged as a genre. This anthology traces the development of institutional critique as an artistic concern from the 1960s to the present by gathering writings and representative art projects of artists from across Europe and throughout the Americas who developed and extended the genre. The texts and artworks included are notable for the range of perspectives and positions they reflect and for their influence in pushing the boundaries of what is meant by institutional critique. Like Alberro and Stimson’s Conceptual Art: A Critical Anthology, this volume will shed new light on its subject through its critical and historical framing. Even readers already familiar with institutional critique will come away from this book with a greater and often redirected understanding of its significance. Alexander Alberro is Virginia Bloedel Wright ’51 Associate Professor of Art History at Barnard College. He is the author of Conceptual Art and the Politics of Publicity (2004). Blake Stimson is Professor of Art History at the University of California, Davis. He is the author of The Pivot of the World: Photography and Its Nation (2006). Alberro and Stimson are coeditors of Conceptual Art: A Critical Anthology (2000), all published by the MIT Press.

art

MEANING LIAM GILLICK edited by Monika Szewczyk with Stefan Kalmár, Dominic Molon, Beatrix Ruf, and Nicolaus Schafhausen Liam Gillick emerged as part of the generation of “Young British Artists” who energized the British art scene in the 1980s and 1990s. He is now one of the most influential (and perplexing) artists in all of contemporary art. Gillick’s discursive mode of art practice — often associated with “relational aesthetics” — complicates object production, embraces the exhibition as medium, and explores the social role and function of art. His body of work includes variations on “discussion platforms” (architectural structures that question or facilitate social interaction), text sculptures, and published texts that reflect on the increasing gap between utopian idealism and the real world. Artist, writer, curator, and provocateur, Gillick explores how an artistic practice can be conducted and represented, while at the same time questioning curatorial practice and the conventions of applied design. This reader coincides with a year-long, multi-venue, mid-career retrospective that serves both as a continuous investigation into Gillick’s practice and an indepth study of his work to date. The book offers a range of critical perspectives on Gillick’s work. Among them: political scientist Chantall Mouffe develops her notion of radical democracy and antagonism; sociologist Maurizio Lazzarato (whose theorization of immaterial labor influenced Gillick) comments on the current economic crisis; philosopher and artist Benoît Maire links Gillick to continental philosophy; and Johanna Burton questions Gillick’s practice in the context of feminist critique. Monika Szewczyk is a writer, editor, and curator based in Berlin and Rotterdam. She is Head of Publications at Witte de With Center for Contemporary Art, Rotterdam, and a contributing editor of A Prior magazine.

The first critical reader on one of today’s most pivotal (and perplexing) contemporary artists.

September 5 1/2 x 8 1/2, 250 pp. 40 illus. $24.95T/£18.95 paper 978-0-262-51351-7 Distributed for Witte de With Center for Contemporary Art (Rotterdam), Kunsthalle Zürich, Kunstverein München, and Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago.

CONTRIBUTORS Peio Aguirre, Johanna Burton, Nikolaus Hirsch, John Kelsey, Maurizio Lazzarato, Maria Lind, Sven Lütticken, Benoît Maire, Chantall Mouffe, Barbara Steiner, Marcus Verhagen

EXHIBITION Liam Gillick: Three Perspectives and a Short Scenario Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago October 10, 2009-Janauary 10, 2010

Installation views/Scenario performance views of Liam Gillick, Mirrored Image: A „Volvo“ bar, 2008, Kunstverein München (as part of the four-part survey exhibition “Liam Gillick: Three Perspectives and a Short Scenario, Work 1988–2008” also held at Witte de With, Center for Contemporary Art, Kunsthalle Zürich, and Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago, 2008-2009) Courtesy af the artist and Kunstverein München. Photos by Wilfried Petzi.

15

art

SITUATION edited by Claire Doherty Key texts on the notion of “situation” in art and theory that consider site, place, and context, temporary interventions, remedial actions, place-making, and public space.

October 6 x 8 1/2, 240 pp. $24.95T paper 978-0-262-51305-0 Documents of Contemporary Art series Copublished with Whitechapel Gallery, London Not for sale in the United Kingdom or Europe

Also available in this series BEAUTY edited by Dave Beech 2009, 978-0-262-51238-1 $24.95T paper APPROPRIATION edited by David Evans 2009, 978-0-262-55070-3 $24.95T paper

Situation — a unique set of conditions produced in both space and time and ranging across material, social, political, and economic relations — has become a key concept in twenty-first-century art. Rooted in artistic practices of the 1960s and 1970s, the idea of situation has evolved and transcended these in the current context of globalization. This anthology offers key writings on areas of art practice and theory related to situation, including notions of the site specific, the artist as ethnographer or fieldworker, the relation between action and public space, the meaning of place and locality, and the crucial role of the curator in recent situation specific art. In North America and Europe, the site-specific is often viewed in terms of resistance to art’s commoditization, while elsewhere situation-specific practices have defied institutions of authority. The contributors discuss these recent tendencies in the context of proliferating international biennial exhibitions, curatorial place-bound projects, and strategies by which artists increasingly unsettle the definition and legitimation of situation-based art. Clare Doherty is Senior Research Fellow in Fine Art at the University of West England, Bristol, where she established Situations (www.situations.org.uk), a research and international commissioning program. She is Visiting Lecturer in Curating at the Royal College of Art, London, and and Curatorial Director of the One Day Sculpture series, New Zealand. She is the editor of Contemporary Art: From Studio to Situation.

COLOUR edited by David Batchelor 2008, 978-0-262-52481-0 $24.95T paper THE EVERYDAY edited by Stephen Johnstone 2008, 978-0-262-60074-3 $24.95T paper THE ARTIST’S JOKE edited by Jennifer Higgie 2007, 978-0-262-58274-2 $24.95T paper

ARTISTS SURVEYED INCLUDE Vito Acconci, Allora & Calzadilla, Francis Alÿs, Carl Andre, Artist Placement Group, Michael Asher, Amy Balkin, Ursula Biemann, Bik Van der Pol, Daniel Buren, Victor Burgin, Janet Cardiff, Center for Land Use Interpretation, Adam Chodzko, Collective Actions, Tacita Dean, Elmgreen & Dragset, Andrea Fraser, Hamish Fulton, Dan Graham, Liam Gillick, Renée Green, Group Material, Douglas Huebler, Bethan Huws, Pierre Huyghe, Robert Irwin, Emily Jacir, Ilya Kabakov, Leopold Kessler, Július Koller, Langlands & Bell, Ligna, Richard Long, Gordon Matta-Clark, Graeme Miller, Jonathan Monk, Robert Morris, Gabriel Orozco, Walid Ra’ad, Raqs Media Collective, Paul Rooney, Martha Rosler, Allen Ruppersberg, Richard Serra, Situationist International, Tony Smith, Robert Smithson, Vivan Sundaram, Rirkrit Tiravanija, Lawrence Weiner, Rachel Whiteread, Krzysztof Wodiczko, Qiu Zhijie

WRITERS INCLUDE Arjun Appaduri, Marc Augé, Wim Beeren, Josephine Berry Slater, Daniel Birnbaum, Ava Bromberg, Susan Buck-Morss, Michel de Certeau, Douglas Crimp, Gilles Deleuze, T. J. Demos, Rosalyn Deutsche, Thierry de Duve, Charles Esche, Graeme Evans, Patricia Falguières, Marina Fokidis, Hal Foster, Hou Hanrou, Brian Holmes, Mary Jane Jacob, Vasif Kortun, Miwon Kwon, Lu Jie, Doreen Massey, James Meyer, Ivo Mesquita, Brian O’Doherty, Craig Owens, Irit Rogoff, Peter Weibel

16

art

UTOPIAS edited by Richard Noble Throughout its diverse manifestations, the utopian entails two related but contradictory elements: the aspiration to a better world, and the acknowledgement that its form may only ever live in our imaginations. Furthermore, we are as haunted by the failures of utopian enterprise as we are inspired by the desire to repair the failed and build the new. Contemporary art reflects this general ambivalence. The utopian impulse informs politically activist and relational art, practices that fuse elements of art, design, and architecture, and collaborative projects aspiring to progressive social or political change. Two other tendencies have emerged in recent art: a looking backward to investigate the utopian elements of previous eras, and the imaginative modeling of alternative worlds as intimations of possibility. This anthology contextualizes these utopian currents in relation to political thought, viewing the utopian as a key term in the artistic lineage of modernity. It illuminates how the exploration of utopian themes in art today contributes to our understanding of contemporary cultures, and the possibilities for shaping their futures. Richard Noble is a scholar of contemporary art, critical theory, and the interrelation of art and politics. He is a Lecturer in Fine Arts at Goldsmiths College, London.

Utopian strategies in contemporary art seen in the context of the histories of utopian thinking and avant-garde art.

October 6 x 8 1/2, 240 pp. $24.95T 978-0-262-64069-5 Documents of Contemporary Art series Copublished with Whitechapel Gallery, London Not for sale in the United Kingdom or Europe

Also available in this series THE GOTHIC edited by Gilda Williams 2007, 978-0-262-73186-7 $24.95T paper THE CINEMATIC edited by David Campany 2007, 978-0-262-53288-4 $24.95T paper DESIGN AND ART edited by Alex Coles 2007, 978-0-262-53289-1 $24.95T paper PARTICIPATION edited by Claire Bishop 2006, 978-0-262-52464-3 $24.95T paper THE ARCHIVE edited by Charles Merewether 2006, 978-0-262-63338-3 $24.95T paper

ARTISTS SURVEYED INCLUDE Joseph Beuys, Paul Chan, Guy Debord, Jeremy Deller, Liam Gillick, Antony Gormley, Dan Graham, Thomas Hirschhorn, Ilya and Emilia Kabakov, Bodys Isek Kingelez, Paul McCarthy, Constant A. Nieuwenheuys, Paul Noble, Nils Norman, Philippe Parreno, Pil and Galia Kollectiv, Superflex, Rirkrit Tiravanija, Mark Titchner, Atelier van Lieshout, Jeff Wall, Andy Warhol, Wochenklauser, Carey Young

WRITERS INCLUDE Theodor Adorno, Jennifer Allen, Catherine Bernard, Ernst Bloch, Yve-Alain Bois, Nicolas Bourriaud, Benjamin H.D. Buchloh, Alex Farquharson, Hal Foster, Michel Foucault, Alison Green, Fredric Jameson, Rosalind Krauss, Hari Kunzru, Donald Kuspit, Dermis P. Leon, Karl Marx, Jeremy Millar, Thomas More, William Morris, Molly Nesbit, Hans Ulrich Obrist, George Orwell, Jacques Rancière, Stephanie Rosenthal, Beatrix Ruf

17

art

GERHARD RICHTER edited by Benjamin H. D. Buchloh The first collection of essays on Gerhard Richter, who has been called “the greatest modern painter.”

November 6 x 9, 200 pp. 44 illus. $17.95T/£13.95 paper 978-0-262-51312-8 $36.00S/£26.95 cloth 978-0-262-01351-2 October Files

Also available in this series ROY LICHTENSTEIN edited by Graham Bader 2009, 978-0-262-51231-2 $17.95T/£13.95 paper CINDY SHERMAN edited by Johanna Burton 2006, 978-0-262-52463-6 $16.95T/£12.95 paper

The contemporary painter Gerhard Richter (born in 1932) has been heralded both as modernity’s last painter and as painting’s modern savior, seen to represent both the end of painting and its resurrection. Richter works in a dizzying variety of styles, from abstraction to a German cool pop that combines painterly technique and appropriation; his work includes photo paintings, large abstract canvases, and stained glass windows. This collection features writing by prominent critics, including Hal Foster, Gertrud Koch, and Thomas Crow; an essay by Rachel Haidu on Richter’s family pictures that is published here for the first time; and an essay and two interviews with the artist by Benjamin H. D. Buchloh, Richter’s “longtime sparring partner” (as the curator Robert Storr has called him). These writings examine Richter’s work as a whole, from October 18, 1977, his dreamlike series of paintings depicting the dead Baader-Meinhof gang, to his abstract trio Abstract Paintings; from his unsettling portrait of “Uncle Rudi” in Nazi garb to his late series of portraits of his wife and young child. This addition to the October Files series will be an essential handbook to one of the most enigmatic figures in contemporary art. Benjamin H. D. Buchloh is Andrew W. Mellon Professor of Modern Art at Harvard University.

He is the author of Neo-Avantgarde and Culture Industry: Essays on European and American Art from 1955 to 1975 (MIT Press, 2001) and an editor of October.

Gerhard Richter and Benjamin H. D. Buchloh Interview (1986) Gertrud Koch The Richter-Scale of Blur (1992) Thomas Crow Hand-Made Photographs and Homeless Representation (1992) Birgit Pelzer The Tragic Desire (1993) Benjamin H. D. Buchloh Divided Memory and Post-Traditional Identity: Gerhard Richter’s Work of Mourning (1996) Peter Osborne Abstract Images: Sign, Image, and Aesthetic in Gerhard Richter’s Painting (1998) Hal Foster Semblance According to Gerhard Richter (2003) Johannes Meinhardt Illusionism in Painting and the Punctum of Photography (2005) Rachel Haidu Arrogant Texts: Gerhard Richter’s Family Pictures (2007) Gerhard Richter and Benjamin H. D. Buchloh Interview (2004)

18

art

GABRIEL OROZCO edited by Yve-Alain Bois Gabriel Orozco’s work is sometimes considered uncategorizable; but his sculpture, photography, drawing, collage, and installations are unified by their devotion to the antispectacular, to the everyday, and to the explorations of complexities that are not immediately obvious. Orozco (born in Mexico in 1962) pays meticulous attention to what he calls the “liquidity of things” as seen in mundane and evanescent objects and elements of everyday life — the momentary fog upon a polished piano top, a deflated football, tins of cat food balanced on watermelons, light through leaves, the screech of a tire, chess pieces on a chessboard. “People forget that I want to disappoint,” he has said. “I use that word deliberately. I want to disappoint the expectations of the one who waits to be amazed. When you make a decision someone is going to be disappointed because they think they know you. It is only then that the poetic can happen.” This collection of critical writings on Orozco includes two interviews with the artist and a lecture by him (this last published here for the first time in English) as well as essays by such prominent critics as Benjamin H. D. Buchloh, Briony Fer, Molly Nesbit, and the editor of the volume, YveAlain Bois. It serves both as the summation of critical thinking on Orozco’s work up to now and as a starting point for future consideration. Yve-Alain Bois is Professor of Art History in the School of Historical Studies at the Institute for Advanced Studies in Princeton, New Jersey. An editor of October, Bois is the author (with Rosalind E. Krauss) of Formless: A User’s Guide (Zone Books, 1997), Painting as Model (MIT Press, 1991), and other books.

A collection of writings on a conceptual and installation artist who has been called “one of the most important artists of the decade.”

October 6 x 9, 240 pp. 59 illus. $18.95T/£14.95 paper 978-0-262-51301-2 $38.00S/£28.95 cloth 978-0-262-01318-5 October Files

Also available in this series JAMES COLEMAN edited by George Baker 2003, 978-0-262-52341-7 $18.00T/£13.95 paper ROBERT RAUSCHENBERG edited by Branden Joseph 2002, 978-0-262-60049-1 $17.00T/£12.95 paper

Benjamin H.D. Buchloh Refuse and Refuge (1993) Jean Fisher The Sleep of Wakefulness: Gabriel Orozco (1993) Benjamin H.D. Buchloh Gabriel Orozco: The Sculpture of Everyday Life (1996) Guy Brett Between Work and World: Gabriel Orozco (1993) Molly Nesbit The Tempest (2000) Gabriel Orozco Lecture (2001) Gabriel Orozco In Conversation with Benjamin H. D. Buchloh (2004) Briony Fer Spirograph: The Circular Ruins of Drawing (2004) Benjamin H. D. Buchloh Cosmic Reifications: Gabriel Orozco’s Photographs (2004) Gabriel Orozco and Briony Fer Crazy about Saturn: Interview (2006) Yve-Alain Bois The Tree and the Knight (2009)

19

art

DADA IN PARIS Michel Sanouillet The long-awaited publication in English of the definitive book on Paris Dada.

October 7 x 9, 640 pp. $39.95T/£29.95 cloth 978-0-262-01303-1

Also available I AM A BEAUTIFUL MONSTER Poetry, Prose, and Provocation Francis Picabia 2007, 978-0-262-16243-2 $39.95T/£29.95 cloth THE ARTWORK CAUGHT BY THE TAIL Francis Picabia and Dada in Paris George Baker 2007, 978-0-262-02618-5 $39.95T/£29.95 cloth DADA EAST The Romanians of Cabaret Voltaire Tom Sandqvist 2006, 978-0-262-19507-2 $45.00T/£33.95 cloth WOMEN IN DADA Essays on Sex, Gender, and Identity edited by Naomi Sawelson-Gorse 2001, 978-0-262-69260-1 $35.00T/£25.95 paper

first English-language edition, revised and expanded by Anne Sanouillet editorial consultant, Michèle Humbert translated by Sharmila Ganguly Michel Sanouillet’s Dada in Paris, published in France in 1965, reintroduced the Dada movement to a public that had largely ignored or forgotten it. Over forty years later, it remains both the unavoidable starting point and the essential reference for anyone interested in Dada or the avant-garde. This first Englishlanguage edition of Sanouillet’s definitive work (a translation of the expanded 2005 French edition) gives English-speaking readers their first direct access to the author’s monumental history (based on years of research, including personal involvement with most of the Dadaists still living at the time) and massive compilation of previously unpublished correspondence, including more than 200 letters to and from such movement luminaries as Tristan Tzara, André Breton, and Francis Picabia. In the years after Dada’s relatively brief Paris flowering in the 1920s, its members were often depicted as opportunistic youths, hedonistic jokers engrossed in a monstrous solipsism. Sanouillet was the first to see them instead as the most gifted and sensitive representatives of a generation, intent on finding a new way of living, writing, and feeling. Dada in Paris offers a behind-the-scenes account of the French avant-garde’s riotous adolescence, with the timeline that begins with Tzara and Picabia stretching to include Breton, Philippe Soupault, Louis Aragon, and Paul Éluard. Sanouillet describes the pre-Dada Parisian milieu, the connection made with Zurich Dada, and Parisian Dada projects and their reception. Finally, by 1923, Dada-according-to-Tzara gave way to Dada-according-to-Breton — which a few months later, under tumultuous circumstances, took on the new name of Surrealism. The longer-lasting, more conservative Surrealism would overshadow Dada for decades to come. Michel Sanouillet is a French art historian and one of the leading scholars of the Dada movement. He is Dean Emeritus of the University of Nice, Professor Emeritus at the University of Toronto, and founder and first president of the International Association for the Study of Dada and Surrealism.

20

photography

PHOTOGRAPHY DEGREE ZERO Reflections on Roland Barthes’s Camera Lucida edited by Geoffrey Batchen Roland Barthes’s 1980 book Camera Lucida is perhaps the most influential book ever published on photography. The terms studium and punctum, coined by Barthes for two different ways of responding to photographs, are part of the standard lexicon for discussions of photography; Barthes’s understanding of photographic time and the relationship he forges between photography and death have been invoked countless times in photographic discourse; and the current interest in vernacular photographs and the ubiquity of subjective, even novelistic, ways of writing about photography both owe something to Barthes. Photography Degree Zero, the first anthology of writings on Camera Lucida, goes beyond the usual critical orthodoxies to offer a range of perspectives on Barthes’s important book. Photography Degree Zero (the title links Barthes’s first book, Writing Degree Zero, to his last, Camera Lucida) includes essays written soon after Barthes’s book appeared as well as more recent rereadings of it, some previously unpublished. The contributors’ approaches range from psychoanalytical (in an essay drawing on the work of Lacan) to Buddhist (in an essay that compares the photographic flash to the mystic’s light of revelation); they include a history of Barthes’s writings on photography and an account of Camera Lucida and its reception; two views of the book through the lens of race; and a provocative essay by Michael Fried and two responses to it. The variety of perspectives included in Photography Degree Zero, and the focus on Camera Lucida in the context of photography rather than literature or philosophy, serve to reopen a vital conversation on Barthes’s influential work. Geoffrey Batchen is Professor of the History of Photography and Contemporary Art at the City University of New York Graduate Center. He is the author of Burning with Desire: The Conceptions of Photography (1999) and Each Wild Idea: Writing, Photography, History (2002), both published by the MIT Press.

An essential guide to an essential book, this first anthology on Camera Lucida offers critical perspectives on Barthes’s influential text.

October 7 1/2 x 9, 320 pp. 5 illus. $29.95T/£22.95 cloth 978-0-262-01325-3

CONTRIBUTORS Geoffrey Batchen, Victor Burgin, Eduardo Cadava, Paolo Cortés-Rocca, James Elkins, Michael Fried, Jane Gallop, Gordon Hughes, Margaret Iverson, Rosalind E. Krauss, Carol Mavor, Margaret Olin, Jay Prosser, Shawn Michelle Smith

Also available EACH WILD IDEA Writing, Photography, History Geoffrey Batchen 2002, 978-0-262-52324-0 $26.00T/£19.95 paper BURNING WITH DESIRE The Conception of Photography Geoffrey Batchen 1999, 978-0-262-52259-5 $30.00T/£22.95 paper

21

psychoanalysis/photography

LACAN AT THE SCENE Henry Bond foreword by Slavoj i ek A Lacanian approach to murder scene investigation.

October 7 x 9, 256 pp. 79 black & white photographs $24.95T/£18.95 cloth 978-0-262-01342-0 Short Circuits series, edited by Slavoj Žižek

What if Jacques Lacan — the brilliant and eccentric Parisian psychoanalyst — had worked as a police detective, applying his theories to solve crimes? This may conjure up a mental film clip starring Peter Sellers in a trench coat, but in Lacan at the Scene, Henry Bond makes a serious and provocative claim: that apparently impenetrable events of murder and violent death can be more effectively unraveled with Lacan’s theory of psychoanalysis than with elaborate, technologically advanced forensic tools. Bond’s exposition on murder expands and develops a resolutely i ekian appr oach. Seeking out radical and unexpected readings, Bond unpacks his material utilizing Lacan’s neurosis-psychosis-perversion grid. Bond places Lacan at the crime scene and builds his argument through a series of archival crime scene photographs from the 1950s — the period when Lacan was developing his influential theories. Bond takes us inside the perimeter set by police tape and guides us into a series of explicit, even terrifying, murder scenes. It is not the horror of the ravished and mutilated corpses that draws his attention; instead, he interrogates seemingly minor details from the everyday, isolating and rephotographing what at first seems insignificant: a single highheeled shoe on a kitchen table; carefully folded clothes placed over a chair; a plate of chocolate biscuits on a dinner table; lewd graffiti inscribed on a train carriage door; an arrangement of workman’s tools in a forest clearing. From these mundane details he carefully builds a robust and comprehensive manual for Lacanian crime investigation that can stand beside the FBI’s standard-issue Crime Classification Manual. Henry Bond is a writer and photographer living in London.

22

philosophy/psychoanalysis/cultural studies

INTERFACE FANTASY A Lacanian Cyborg Ontology André Nusselder Cyberspace is first and foremost a mental space. Therefore we need to take a psychological approach to understand our experiences in it. In Interface Fantasy, André Nusselder uses the core psychoanalytic notion of fantasy to examine our relationship to computers and digital technology. Lacanian psychoanalysis considers fantasy to be an indispensable “screen” for our interaction with the outside world; Nusselder argues that, at the mental level, computer screens and other human-computer interfaces incorporate this function of fantasy: they mediate the real and the virtual. Interface Fantasy illuminates our attachment to new media: why we love our devices; why we are fascinated by the images on their screens; and how it is possible that virtual images can provide physical pleasure. Nusselder puts such phenomena as avatars, role playing, cybersex, computer psychotherapy, and Internet addiction in the context of established psychoanalytic theory. The virtual identities we assume in virtual worlds, exemplified best by avatars consisting of both realistic and symbolic self-representations, illustrate the three orders that Lacan uses to analyze human reality: the imaginary, the symbolic, and the real. Nusselder analyzes our most intimate involvement with information technology — the almost invisible, affective aspects of technology that have the greatest impact on our lives. Interface Fantasy lays the foundation for a new way of thinking that acknowledges the pivotal role of the screen in the current world of information. And it gives an intelligible overview of basic Lacanian principles (including fantasy, language, the virtual, the real, embodiment, and enjoyment) that shows their enormous relevance for understanding the current state of media technology.

Behind our computer screens we are all cyborgs: through fantasy we can understand our involvement in virtual worlds.

November 6 x 9, 176 pp. $18.95T/£14.95 paper 978-0-262-51300-5 Short Circuits series, edited by Slavoj Žižek

Also available in this series THE MONSTROSITY OF CHRIST Paradox or Dialectic? Slavoj Žižek and John Milbank 2009, 978-0-262-01271-3 $27.95T/£20.95 cloth THE PARALLAX VIEW Slavoj Žižek 2009, 978-0-262-51268-8 $14.95T/£11.95 paper THE ODD ONE IN On Comedy Alenka Zupanˇciˇc 2008, 978-0-262-74031-9 $19.95T/£14.95 paper

André Nusselder is a Dutch philosophical writer and lecturer.

23

architecture

DRAWING FOR ARCHITECTURE Léon Krier foreword by James Howard Kunstler Drawings, doodles, and ideograms argue with ferocity and wit for traditional urbanism and architecture.

September 5 3/8 x 8, 248 pp. 207 illus. $24.95T/£18.95 paper 978-0-262-51293-0 Writing Architecture series

Architect Léon Krier’s doodles, drawings, and ideograms make arguments in images, without the circumlocutions of prose. Drawn with wit and grace, these clever sketches do not try to please or flatter the architectural establishment. Rather, they make an impassioned argument against what Krier sees as the unquestioned doctrines and unacknowledged absurdities of contemporary architecture. Thus he shows us a building bearing a suspicious resemblance to Norman Foster’s famous London “gherkin” as an example of “priapus hubris” (threatened by detumescence and “priapus nemesis”); he charts “Random Uniformity” (“fake simplicity”) and “Uniform Randomness” (“fake complexity”); he draws bloated “bulimic” and disproportionately scrawny “anorexic” columns flanking a graceful “classical” one; and he compares “private virtue” (modernist architects’ homes and offices) to “public vice” (modernist architects’ “creations”). Krier wants these witty images to be tools for re-founding traditional urbanism and architecture. He argues for mixed-use cities, of “architectural speech” rather than “architectural stutter,” and pointedly plots the man-vehicle-landneed ratio of “sub-urban man” versus that of a city dweller. In an age of energy crisis, he writes (and his drawings show), we “build in the wrong places, in the wrong patterns, materials, densities, and heights, and for the wrong number of dwellers”; a return to traditional architectures and building and settlement techniques can be the means of ecological reconstruction. Each of Krier’s provocative and entertaining images is worth more than a thousand words of theoretical abstraction. Architect and urbanist Léon Krier has taught at the Architectural Association, the Royal College of Arts, the University of Virginia, and Princeton and Yale Universities and has been an architectural consultant to the Prince of Wales since 1988. He is the recipient of numerous prizes, including the Driehaus Prize for Classical Architecture and Jefferson Memorial Gold Medal. He is the author of the award-winning Architecture: Choice or Fate and other books.

“Krier’s is a humane and gentle vision of what a city might be, and it deserves to be the more widely studied for its refusal to announce itself — as modernism announced itself — as the voice of the Zeitgeist. Krier’s urbanism is timeless common sense, transcribed into drawings that leave no room for dissent.” — Roger Scruton, writer and philosopher “Krier’s ‘doodles’ collected here, with all their imagination, humor, and righteous indignation, offer us the most hopeful visions of architecture and urbanism visible today.” — Steven W. Semes, Academic Director, Rome Studies Program, School of Architecture, University of Notre Dame “The book should be a required reading for architects and urbanists, as it not only teaches the power of drawing as polemic, but also provides a master class in the relationship of architecture to the city.” — Hank Dittmar, Chief Executive, The Prince’s Foundation for the Built Environment 24

architecture

ARCHITECTURE’S DESIRE Reading the Late Avant-Garde K. Michael Hays While it is widely recognized that the advanced architecture of the 1970s left a legacy of experimentation and theoretical speculation as intense as any in architecture’s history, there has been no general theory of that ethos. Now, in Architecture’s Desire, K. Michael Hays writes an account of the “late avant-garde” as an architecture systematically twisting back on itself, pondering its own historical status, and deliberately exploring architecture’s representational possibilities right up to their absolute limits. In close readings of the brooding, melancholy silence of Aldo Rossi, the radically reductive “decompositions” and archaeologies of Peter Eisenman, the carnivalesque excesses of John Hejduk, and the “cinegrammatic” delirium of Bernard Tschumi, Hays narrates the story of architecture confronting its own boundaries with objects of ever more reflexivity, difficulty, and intransigence. The late avant-garde is the last architecture with philosophical aspirations, an architecture that could think philosophical problems through architecture rather than merely illustrate them. It takes architecture as the object of its own reflection, which in turn produces an unrelenting desire. Using the tools of critical theory together with the structure of Lacan’s triad imaginary-symbolic-real, Hays constructs a theory of architectural desire that is historically specific and yet sets the terms and the challenges of all subsequent architectural practice, including today’s.

Theorizes an architectural ethos of extreme self-reflection and finality from a Lacanian perspective.

November 5 3/8 x 8, 192 pp. 4 color illus., 34 black & white illus. $19.95T/£14.95 paper 978-0-262-51302-9 Writing Architecture series

Also available ARCHITECTURE THEORY SINCE 1968 edited by K. Michael Hays 2000, 978-0-262-58188-2 $46.00T/£34.95 paper MODERNISM AND THE POSTHUMANIST SUBJECT The Architecture of Hannes Meyer and Ludwig Hilberseimer K. Michael Hays 1995, 978-0-262-58141-7 $30.00T/£22.95 paper

K. Michael Hays is Eliot Noyes Professor of Architectural Theory at Harvard’s Graduate School of Design. In 2000 he was appointed the first Adjunct Curator at the Whitney Museum for American Art. He is the author, among other books, of Modernism and the Posthumanist Subject (1995) and the editor of Architecture Theory since 1968 (2000), both published by the MIT Press.

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psychology

WHY WE COOPERATE Michael Tomasello Understanding cooperation as a distinctly human combination of innate and learned behavior.

October 4 1/2 x 7, 208 pp. $14.95T/£11.95 cloth 978-0-262-01359-8 A Boston Review Book

Also available in this series GOD AND THE WELFARE STATE Lew Daly 2006, 978-0-262-04236-9 $14.95T/£11.95 cloth THE END OF THE WILD Stephen M. Meyer 2006, 978-0-262-13473-6 $14.95T/£11.95 cloth MAKING AID WORK Abhijit Banerjee 2007, 978-0-262-02615-4 $14.95T/£9.95 cloth THE STORY OF CRUEL AND UNUSUAL Colin Dayan 2007, 978-0-262-04239-0 $14.95T/£11.95 cloth MOVIES AND THE MORAL ADVENTURE OF LIFE Alan A. Stone 2007, 978-0-262-19567-6 $14.95T/£11.95 cloth WHAT WE KNOW ABOUT CLIMATE CHANGE Kerry Emanuel 2007, 978-0-262-05089-0 $14.95T/£11.95 cloth

26

with Carol Dweck, Joan Silk, Brian Skyrms, and Elizabeth Spelke Drop something in front of a two-year-old, and she’s likely to pick it up for you. This is not a learned behavior, psychologist Michael Tomasello argues. Through observations of young children in experiments he himself has designed, Tomasello shows that children are naturally — and uniquely — cooperative. Put through similar experiments, for example, apes demonstrate the ability to work together and share, but choose not to. As children grow, their almost reflexive desire to help — without expectation of reward — becomes shaped by culture. They become more aware of being a member of a group. Groups convey mutual expectations, and thus may either encourage or discourage altruism and collaboration. Either way, cooperation emerges as a distinctly human combination of innate and learned behavior. In Why We Cooperate, Tomasello’s studies of young children and great apes help identify the underlying psychological processes that very likely supported humans’ earliest forms of complex collaboration and, ultimately, our unique forms of cultural organization, from the evolution of tolerance and trust to the creation of such group-level structures as cultural norms and institutions. Scholars Carol Dweck, Joan Silk, Brian Skyrms, and Elizabeth Spelke respond to Tomasello’s findings and explore the implications. Michael Tomasello is Codirector of the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig, Germany. His books include The Cultural Origins of Human Cognition, Constructing a Language, and The Origins of Human Communication (MIT Press, 2008).

urban studies

AFTER AMERICA’S MIDLIFE CRISIS Michael Gecan Michael Gecan, a longtime community organizer, offers in this book a disturbing conclusion: the kinds of problems that began to afflict large cities in the 1970s have now spread to the suburbs and beyond. The institutional cornerstones of American life have been on an extended decline for fifty years, and politics as usual won’t help us. No longer young, no longer without limitations or constraints, the country is facing a midlife crisis. Drawing on personal experiences and the stories of communities in Illinois, New York, and other areas, Gecan draws a vivid picture of civic, political, and religious institutions in trouble, from suburban budget crises to failing public schools. Gecan shows that the loss of social capital has followed closely upon institutional failure. He looks in particular at the two main support systems of social mobility and economic progress for the majority of working poor Americans in the first half of the last century — the Roman Catholic school system and the American public high school. As these institutions that generated social progress have faded, those depending on social regression — prisons, jails, and detention centers — have thrived. Can we reverse the trends? Gecan offers hope and a direction forward. He calls on national and local leadership to shed old ways of thinking and face new realities, which include not only the substantial costs of change, but also its considerable benefits. Only then will we enjoy the next rich phase of our local and national life. Michael Gecan, a community organizer trained in part by Saul Alinsky, is affiliated with the Industrial Areas Foundation (IAF). He has worked in both Chicago and New York City and is the author of Going Public: An Organizer’s Guide to Citizen Action.

A longtime community organizer outlines a way to reverse the fifty-year decline in social mobility and economic progress.

September 4 1/2 x 7, 144 pp. $14.95T/£11.95 cloth 978-0-262-01360-4 A Boston Review Book

Also available in this series WHY NUCLEAR DISARMAMENT MATTERS Hans Blix 2008, 978-0-262-02644-4 $14.95T/£11.95 cloth THE ROAD TO DEMOCRACY IN IRAN Akbar Ganji 2008, 978-0-262-07295-3 $14.95T/£11.95 cloth RACE, INCARCERATION, AND AMERICAN VALUES Glenn C. Loury with Pamela Karlan, Tommie Shelby, Lo¨ıc Wacquant 2008, 978-0-262-12311-2 $14.95T/£11.95 cloth THE MEN IN MY LIFE Vivian Gornick 2008, 978-0-262-07303-5 $14.95T/£11.95 cloth INVENTING AMERICAN HISTORY William Hogeland 2009, 978-0-262-01288-1 $14.95T/£11.95 cloth AFRICA’S TURN? Edward Miguel 2009, 978-0-262-01289-8 $14.95T/£11.95 cloth

27

technology/education

ENGINEERING PLAY How the influential industry that produced such popular games as Oregon Trail and KidPix emerged from experimental efforts to use computers as tools in child-centered learning.

October 6 x 9, 224 pp. 34 illus. $24.95T/£18.95 cloth 978-0-262-01335-2 The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation Series on Digital Media and Learning

Also available PERSONAL, PORTABLE, PEDESTRIAN Mobile Phones in Japanese Life edited by Mizuko Ito, Daisuke Okabe and Misa Matsuda 2006, 978-0-262-59025-9 $21.95T/£16.95 paper

Also available in this series CIVIC LIFE ONLINE Learning How Digital Media Can Engage Youth edited by W. Lance Bennett 2008, 978-0-262-52482-7 $16.00S/£11.95 paper DIGITAL MEDIA, YOUTH, AND CREDIBILITY edited by Miriam J. Metzger and Andrew J. Flanagin 2008, 978-0-262-56232-4 $16.00S/£11.95 paper THE ECOLOGY OF GAMES Connecting Youth, Games, and Learning edited by Katie Salen 2008, 978-0-262-69364-6 $16.00S/£11.95 paper YOUTH, IDENTITY, AND DIGITAL MEDIA edited by David Buckingham 2008, 978-0-262-52483-4 $16.00S/£11.95 paper LEARNING RACE AND ETHNICITY Youth and Digital Media edited by Anna Everett 2008, 978-0-262-55067-3 $16.00S/£11.95 paper

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A Cultural History of Children’s Software Mizuko Ito Today, computers are part of kids’ everyday lives, used both for play and for learning. We envy children’s natural affinity for computers, the ease with which they click in and out of digital worlds. Thirty years ago, however, the computer belonged almost exclusively to business, the military, and academia. In Engineering Play, Mizuko Ito describes the transformation of the computer from a tool associated with adults and work to one linked to children, learning, and play. Ito gives an account of a pivotal period in the 1980s and 1990s, which saw the rise of a new category of consumer software designed specifically for elementary school–aged children. “Edutainment” software sought to blend various educational philosophies with interactive gaming and entertainment, and included such titles as Number Munchers, Oregon Trail, KidPix, and Where in the World is Carmen San Diego? Drawing from observations of kids’ play, interviews with software developers, and advertising and industry materials, Ito identifies three educational philosophies and genres in children’s software that connect players in software production, distribution, and consumption: instruction, focused on transmission of academic content; exploration, tied to open-ended play; and construction, aimed at empowering young users to create and manipulate digital media. The children’s software boom (and the bust that followed), says Ito, can be seen as a microcosm of the negotiations surrounding new technology, children, and education. The story she tells is both a testimonial to the transformative power of innovation and a cautionary tale about its limitations. Mizuko Ito is a cultural anthropologist who studies new media use, particularly among young people, in Japan and the United States. She is the lead author of Hanging Out, Messing Around, and Geeking Out: Kids Living and Learning with New Media (2009), and a coeditor of Personal, Portable, Pedestrian: Mobile Phones in Japanese Life (2006), both published by the MIT Press.

popular culture/game studies

CRITICAL PLAY Radical Game Design Mary Flanagan For many players, games are entertainment, diversion, relaxation, fantasy. But what if certain games were something more than this, providing not only outlets for entertainment but a means for creative expression, instruments for conceptual thinking, or tools for social change? In Critical Play, artist and game designer Mary Flanagan examines alternative games — games that challenge the accepted norms embedded within the gaming industry — and argues that games designed by artists and activists are reshaping everyday game culture. Flanagan provides a lively historical context for critical play through twentieth-century art movements, connecting subversive game design to subversive art: her examples of “playing house” include Dadaist puppet shows and The Sims; her discussion of language play includes puns, palindromes, Yoko Ono’s Instruction Paintings, and Jenny Holzer’s messages in LED. Flanagan also looks at artists’ alternative computer-based games, examining projects from Persuasive Games and Gonazalo Frasca and other games created through the use of interventionist strategies in the design process. And she explores games for change, considering the way activist concerns — among them Darfur, worldwide poverty, and AIDS — can be incorporated into game design. Arguing that this kind of conscious practice — which now constitutes the avant-garde of the computer game medium — can inspire new working methods for designers, Flanagan offers a model for designing that will encourage the subversion of popular gaming tropes through new styles of game making, and proposes a theory of alternate game design that focuses on the reworking of contemporary popular game practices.

An examination of subversive games — games designed for political, aesthetic, and social critique.

September 7 x 9, 336 pp. 116 illus. $29.95T/£22.95 cloth 978-0-262-06268-8

Also available RE:SKIN edited by Mary Flanagan and Austin Booth 2009, 978-0-262-51249-7 $21.00S/£15.95 paper RELOAD Rethinking Women + Cyberculture edited by Mary Flanagan and Austin Booth 2002, 978-0-262-56150-1 $32.00T/£23.95 paper

Mary Flanagan, artist and game designer, is Founder and Director of Tiltfactor Laboratory and Sherman Fairchild Distinguished Professor of Digital Humanities at Dartmouth College. She is the coeditor (with Austin Booth) of Reload: Rethinking Women + Cyberculture (2002), and re:skin (2009), both published by the MIT Press.

29

popular culture/game studies

COMMUNITIES OF PLAY The odyssey of a group of “refugees” from a closed-down online game and an exploration of emergent fan cultures in virtual worlds.

September 7 x 9, 336 pp. 67 illus. $29.95T/£22.95 cloth 978-0-262-16257-9

Emergent Cultures in Multiplayer Games and Virtual Worlds Celia Pearce and Artemesia forewords by Tom Boellstorff and Bonnie A. Nardi Play communities existed long before massively multiplayer online games; they have ranged from bridge clubs to sports leagues, from tabletop role-playing games to Civil War reenactments. With the emergence of digital networks, however, new varieties of adult play communities have appeared, most notably within online games and virtual worlds. Players in these networked worlds sometimes develop a sense of community that transcends the game itself. In Communities of Play, game researcher and designer Celia Pearce explores emergent fan cultures in networked digital worlds — actions by players that do not coincide with the intentions of the game’s designers. Pearce looks in particular at the Uru Diaspora — a group of players whose game, Uru: Ages Beyond Myst, closed. These players (primarily baby boomers) immigrated into other worlds, self-identifying as “refugees”; relocated in There.com, they created a hybrid culture integrating aspects of their old world. Ostracized at first, they became community leaders. Pearce analyzes the properties of virtual worlds and looks at the ways design affects emergent behavior. She discusses the methodologies for studying online games, including a personal account of the sometimes messy process of ethnography. Pearce considers the “play turn” in culture and the advent of a participatory global playground enabled by networked digital games every bit as communal as the global village Marshall McLuhan saw united by television. Countering the ludological definition of play as unproductive and pointing to the long history of pre-digital play practices, Pearce argues that play can be a prelude to creativity. Celia Pearce is Assistant Professor of Digital Media at Georgia Institute of Technology, where she is Director of the Experimental Game Lab and the Emergent Game Group. She is the author of The Interactive Book: A Guide to the Interactive Revolution. Artemesia is her coauthor and avatar.

“[Celia Pearce’s] background as a games designer is evident in the way she respectfully engages readers in clear, vivid prose structured in an original and — can we say it? — entertaining way. From its thoughtful analyses of play and community to its authoritative contextualization of games and virtual worlds, this book repays study on many levels. Enjoy!” — from the foreword by Bonnie Nardi

30

popular culture/game studies

EXPRESSIVE PROCESSING Digital Fictions, Computer Games, and Software Studies Noah Wardrip-Fruin What matters in understanding digital media? Is looking at the external appearance and audience experience of software enough — or should we look further? In Expressive Processing, Noah Wardrip-Fruin argues that understanding what goes on beneath the surface, the computational processes that make digital media function, is essential. Wardrip-Fruin suggests that it is the authors and artists with knowledge of these processes who will use the expressive potential of computation to define the future of fiction and games. He also explores how computational processes themselves express meanings through distinctive designs, histories, and intellectual kinships that may not be visible to audiences. Wardrip-Fruin looks at “expressive processing” by examining specific works of digital media ranging from the simulated therapist Eliza and the first major story-generation system Tale-Spin to the complex city-planning game SimCity. Digital media, he contends, offer particularly intelligible examples of things we need to understand about software in general; if we understand, for instance, the capabilities and histories of artificial intelligence techniques in the context of a computer game, we can use that understanding to judge the use of similar techniques in such higher-stakes social contexts as surveillance. Most books on digital media focus on what the machines of digital media look like from the outside but ignore the computational machines that make digital media possible. With this book, the first to approach computational processes from the perspective of media, games, and fiction, Wardrip-Fruin examines both the outside and the inside of digital media’s machines. Noah Wardrip-Fruin is Assistant Professor in the Department of Computer Science at the University of California, Santa Cruz. He is the coeditor of four collections published by the MIT Press: with Nick Montfort, The New Media Reader (2003); with Pat Harrigan, First Person: New Media as Story, Performance, and Game (2003), Second Person: Role-Playing and Story in Games and Playable Media (2007), and Third Person: Authoring and Exploring Vast Narratives (2009).

From the complex city-planning game SimCity to the virtual therapist Eliza: how computational processes open possibilities for understanding and creating digital media.

September 7 x 9, 480 pp. 29 illus. $34.95T/£25.95 cloth 978-0-262-01343-7 Software Studies series

Also avaiable THE NEW MEDIA READER edited by Noah Wardrip-Fruin and Nick Montfort 2003, 978-0-262-23227-2 $52.00S/£38.95 cloth FIRST PERSON New Media as Story, Performance, and Game edited by Noah Wardrip-Fruin and Pat Harrigan 2006, 978-0-262-73175-1 $22.95T/£16.95 paper SECOND PERSON Role-Playing and Story in Games and Playable Media edited by Pat Harrigan and Noah Wardrip-Fruin 2007, 978-0-262-08356-0 $40.00S/£29.95 cloth THIRD PERSON Authoring and Exploring Vast Narratives edited by Pat Harrigan and Noah Wardrip-Fruin 2009, 978-0-262-23263-0 $40.00S/£29.95 cloth

31

biography/computing

GRACE HOPPER AND THE INVENTION OF THE INFORMATION AGE The career of computer visionary Grace Murray Hopper, whose innovative work in programming laid the foundations for the user-friendliness of today’s personal computers.

September 5 3/8 x 8, 408 pp. 24 illus. $27.95T/£20.95 cloth 978-0-262-01310-9 Lemelson Center Studies in Invention and Innovation series

Kurt W. Beyer A Hollywood biopic about the life of computer pioneer Grace Murray Hopper (1906–1992) would go like this: a young professor abandons the ivy-covered walls of academia to serve her country in the Navy after Pearl Harbor and finds herself on the front lines of the computer revolution. She works hard to succeed in the all-male computer industry, is almost brought down by personal problems but survives them, and ends her career as a celebrated elder stateswoman of computing, a heroine to thousands, hailed as the inventor of computer programming. Throughout Hopper’s later years, the popular media told this simplified version of her life story. In Grace Hopper and the Invention of the Information Age, Kurt Beyer goes beyond the screenplay-ready myth to reveal a more authentic Hopper, a vibrant, complex, and intriguing woman whose career paralleled the meteoric trajectory of the postwar computer industry. Hopper made herself “one of the boys” in Howard Aiken’s wartime Computation Laboratory at Harvard, then moved on to the Eckert and Mauchly Computer Corporation. Both rebellious and collaborative, she was influential in male-dominated military and business organizations at a time when women were encouraged to devote themselves to housework and childbearing. Hopper’s greatest technical achievement was to create the tools that would allow humans to communicate with computers in terms other than ones and zeroes. This advance influenced all future programming and software design and laid the foundation for the development of today’s user-friendly personal computers. Kurt W. Beyer, formerly Professor of Information Technology at the United States Naval Academy, is President and CEO of Riptopia, a digital media processing company in Mill Valley, California.

“It is a pleasure finally to read a biography of Grace Hopper that does not simply list the clichéd myths about ‘Amazing Grace’ but instead tells the story of her wonderful life and contributions to the development of programming languages.” — Michael R. Williams, Professor Emeritus, Department of Computer Science, University of Calgary

32

economics

OFFSHORING OF AMERICAN JOBS What Response from U.S. Economic Policy? Jagdish Bhagwati and Alan S. Blinder edited and with an introduction by Benjamin M. Friedman It is no surprise that many fearful American workers see the call center operator in Bangalore or the factory worker in Guangzhou as a threat to their jobs. The emergence of China and India (along with other, smaller developing countries) as economic powers has doubled the supply of labor to the integrated world economy. Economic theory suggests that such a dramatic increase in the supply of labor without an accompanying increase in the supply of capital is likely to exert downward pressure on wages for workers already in the integrated world economy, and wages for most workers in the United States have indeed stagnated or declined. In this book, leading economists Jagdish Bhagwati and Alan S. Blinder offer their perspectives on how the outsourcing of labor and the shifting of jobs to lower-wage countries affect the U.S. economy and what, if any, policy responses are required. Bhagwati, in his colorful and pithy style, focuses on globalization and free trade, while Blinder, erudite and witty, addresses the significance of labor market adjustment caused by trade. Bhagwati’s and Blinder’s contributions are followed by comments from economists Richard Freedman, Douglas A. Irwin, Lori G. Kletzer, and Robert Z. Lawrence. Bhagwati and Blinder then respond separately to the issues raised. Benjamin Friedman, who edited this volume (and organized the symposium that inspired it), provides an introduction. Jagdish Bhagwati is University Professor at Columbia University. He is the author of In Defense of Globalization, The Wind of the Hundred Days (MIT Press, 2002), and other books. Alan S. Blinder is G. S. Rentschler Memorial Professor of Economics and Public Affairs at Princeton University. He is the author of The Quiet Revolution: Central Banking Goes Modern and other books. Benjamin M. Friedman is William Joseph Maier Professor of Political Economy at Harvard University. His latest book is The Moral Consequences of Economic Growth.

Two leading economists discuss a range of issues relating to the “offshoring” of American jobs, from free trade to unemployment levels.

September 5 3/8 x 8, 144 pp. 1 illus. $18.95T/£14.95 cloth 978-0-262-01332-1 Alvin Hansen Symposium on Public Policy at Harvard University

Also available in this series INEQUALITY IN AMERICA What Role for Human Capital Policies? James J. Heckman and Alan B. Krueger edited and with an introduction by Benjamin M. Friedman 2005, 978-0-262-58260-5 $22.00S/£16.95 paper

33

current affairs/health care

CHAOS AND ORGANIZATION IN HEALTH CARE Thomas H. Lee, M.D., and James J. Mongan, M.D. Two leading physicians’ prescription for solving our health care problems: organizing the fragmented system that delivers care.

October 6 x 9, 360 pp. 19 illus. $29.95T/£22.95 cloth 978-0-262-01353-6

One of the most daunting challenges facing the new U.S. administration is health care reform. The size of the system, the number of stakeholders, and ever-rising costs make the problem seem almost intractable. But in Chaos and Organization in Health Care, two leading physicians offer an optimistic prognosis. In their frontline work as providers, Thomas Lee and James Mongan see the inefficiency, the missed opportunities, and the occasional harm that can result from the current system. The root cause of these problems, they argue, is chaos in the delivery of care. If the problem is chaos, the solution is organization, and in this timely and outspoken book, they offer a plan. In many ways, this chaos is caused by something good: the dramatic progress in medical science — the explosion of medical knowledge and the exponential increase in treatment options. Imposed on a fragmented system of small practices and individual patients with multiple providers, progress results in chaos. Lee and Mongan argue that attacking this chaos is even more important than whether health care is managed by government or controlled by market forces. Some providers are already tightly organized, adapting management principles from business and offering care that is by many measures safer, better, and less costly. Lee and Mongan propose multiple strategies that can be adopted nationwide, including electronic medical records and information systems for sharing knowledge; team-based care, with doctors and other providers working together; and disease management programs to coordinate care for the sickest patients. Thomas H. Lee, M.D., is Network President, Partners Healthcare System, Boston. He is the author of two books on cardiology and many articles, op-ed columns, and book chapters. James J. Mongan, M.D., is President and CEO of Partners Healthcare System.

34

fiction

PACIFIC AGONY Bruce Benderson I gazed out my window on the sea of dark clouds as my shaking seat jiggled the image into double vision; and I pictured the flat, geometrically divided western landscapes below, wondering why anyone still bothered to travel in this cookie-cutter country. What was the use of visiting identical reproductions of the same Wal-Mart or adding new encounters of equally streamlined mentality to the roster? As far as I was concerned, everything had been shorn from the same cloth, woven for years in the drab bungalows of suburban North America. — from Pacific Agony Depressed, cynical, and subversive, East Coaster Reginald Fortiphton has been brought to Seattle by a West Coast publishing company that wants him to write a guide to the American Northwest. His job is to travel, on their dime, from Eugene, Oregon, to Vancouver, shining an admiring light on the region — which the publishers feel has been neglected by the New York publishing monopoly. Pacific Agony is his ironic attempt to fufill his assignment. To ensure that the project goes as planned, the very respectable Narcissa Whitman Applegate — notable member of the WillametteColumbia Historical Legion and the Daughters of the Oregon Trail Historical Committee (and namesake of a nineteenth century missionary who was famously killed by Oregon’s Nez Percé Indians) — is asked to annotate the manuscript. Her notes at the bottom of the page become progressively more outraged as the alienated Reginald’s mock travel narrative skewers the region with merciless political observations — while he spirals into a depressive mania. This acidic, satirical novel hilariously eviscerates contemporary American culture at the same time that it exposes some of the darker motivations of American middle-class liberalism.

An acidic, satiric novel in the form of a travelogue of the American northwest, complete with annotations by an outraged local.

September 6 x 9, 160 pp. $14.95T/£11.95 paper 978-1-58435-082-8 Native Agents series Distributed for Semiotext(e)

Also available from Semiotext(e) GOOD SEX ILLUSTRATED Tony Duvert translated by Bruce Benderson 2007, 978-1-58435-043-9 $14.95T/£11.95 paper

Novelist, translator, and essayist Bruce Benderson is the author of a memoir, The Romanian: Story of an Obsession, winner of France’s prestigious Prix de Flore in French translation. He is the translator of Good Sex Illustrated (2007) by Tony Duvert for Semiotext(e).

PRAISE FOR BRUCE BENDERSON

“What astonishes and intrigues is Benderson’s way of recounting in the sweetest possible voice things that are considered shocking.” — Le Monde “Benderson is a true heir of D. H. Lawrence, Henry Miller, and Paul Bowles, the bohemian bourgeois.” — Catherine Texier “The power of Benderson’s work is that it speaks for people whose voices are never heard, and it reminds us that every one of these living shadows is a human being.” — Boston Phoenix 35

art/theater

BAD REPUTATION An autobiographical trilogy by a cultural icon of Downtown New York.

October 7 x 10, 200 pp. $19.95T/£14.95 cloth 978-1-58435-069-9 Native Agents series Distributed for Semiotext(e)

Also available from Semiotext(e) DAVID WOJNAROWICZ A Definitive History of Five or Six Years on the Lower East Side edited by Giancarlo Ambrosino interviews by Sylvère Lotringer 2006, 978-1-58435-035-4 $29.95T/£22.95 cloth

Performances, Essays, Interviews Penny Arcade introduction by Ken Bernard A reform-school runaway at thirteen, a performer in the legendary New York City Playhouse of the Ridiculous at seventeen, and an escapee from Andy Warhol’s Factory scene at nineteen, Penny Arcade (born Susana Ventura) emerged in the 1980s as a primal force on the New York art scene and an originator of what came to be called performance art. Arcade’s brand of high camp and street-smart, punk-rock cabaret showmanship has been winning over international audiences ever since. This autobiographical trilogy of plays represents her at her best. Bitch!Dyke!Faghag!Whore! is Penny Arcade’s raucous, cutting-edge sex and censorship show (which continues to be a commercial hit around the world), featuring the daily life of a receptionist in a brothel, the upbringing and rearing of a “faghag,” the evolution of the New York gay scene in the 1990s, and a participatory “audience dance break.” The funny and heart-rending title work, Bad Reputation, portrays a young teen runaway’s coming of age in a Catholic reform school (run by nuns who are former fashion models) and her subsequent life on the streets of 1960s New York. La Miseria, a rare depiction of working-class Italian-Americans from a woman’s point of view that portrays the clash between working-class morals and compassion during the 1980s AIDS epidemic, rounds out the trilogy. Bad Reputation is the first book by and on Penny Arcade. The complete scripts are accompanied by a new interview with Penny Arcade by Chris Kraus, a range of archival photographs of the East Village scene and Arcade’s performances, an introduction by playwright Ken Bernard, and contributions by Sarah Schulman, Steve Zehentner, and Stephen Bottoms. Penny Arcade is a performance artist and political activist in New York City.

36

cultural studies/gender studies/biography

THE LITTLE BLACK BOOK OF GRISÉLIDIS RÉAL Days and Nights of an Anarchist Whore Jean-Luc Henning translated by Ariana Reines They have to come back to us, because we know every detail of their orgasms, their little caprices, their little weaknesses and strengths. We know all of them. I mean, where do you expect them to go? They’ll be disappointed anywhere else. Except for with us, because we know them like the back of our hand. As soon as they get in the door, it’s like we’d made them ourselves. We know all the right things to say, all the gestures, there’re no surprises. — from The Little Black Book of Grisélidis Réal The Little Black Book of Grisélidis Réal is the portrait of a true humanist who made a career out of compassion. Hailed as a virtuoso writer and a “revolutionary whore,” Grisélidis Réal (1929–2005) chanced into prostitution at thirty-one after an upper-class upbringing in Switzerland. Serving clients from all walks of life, Réal applied the anarcho-Marxist dictum “from each according to his abilities, to each according to his needs” to her profession, charging sliding-scale fees determined by her client’s incomes and complexity of their sexual tastes. Réal went on to become a militant champion of sexual freedom and prostitutes’ rights. She has described prostitution as “an art, and a humanist science,” noting that “the only authentic prostitution is that mastered by great technical artists. . .who practice this form of native craft with intelligence, respect, imagination, heart. . .” This volume includes lengthy dialogues from 1979–1981 with Réal conducted by journalist and author Jean-Luc Henning, in which she eloquently discusses the theoretical implications of sex-positive whoring and relates her experiences both inside and outside the profession: from her lengthy love affair with the “Berber” to such “psychological” and “special” clients as the “moldy rhinoceros.” The “Little Black Book” that rounds out this book is drawn from the logs in which Réal kept track of her many clients, from “Pedro, hilarious fat Spaniard, devoted, simple, honest, fat peasant face, 70F” to “Pierre 8 (from Basel), blue eyes, fifties, slightly balding, cultivated, sweet-violent … licks my finger after I remove it from his anus . . .100–400F.” It is a journal that not only chronicles Réal’s working life, but offers a clinically direct, investigative sociological analysis of the sexual subcultures of her time.

Reflections of a “revolutionary whore” and champion of sexual freedom and prostitutes’ rights.

September 6 x 9, 176 pp. $14.95T/£11.95 paper 978-1-58435-078-1 Native Agents series Distributed for Semiotext(e)

Also available from Semiotext(e): PORNOCRACY Catherine Breillat translated by Paul Buck and Catherine Petit 2008, 978-1-58435-047-7 $14.95T/£11.95 paper

Jean-Luc Henning is a Professor at the University of Cairo and a writer for Libération, Paris.

37

cultural studies/politics

THE COMING INSURRECTION The Invisible Committee A call to arms by a group of French intellectuals that rejects leftist reform and aligns itself with younger, wilder forms of resistance.

Thirty years of “crisis,” mass unemployment, and flagging growth, and they still want us to believe in the economy. . . . We have to see that the economy is itself the crisis. It’s not that there’s not enough work, it’s that there is too much of it. — from The Coming Insurrection

August 4 1/2 x 7, 136 pp.

The Coming Insurrection is an eloquent call to arms arising from the recent waves of social contestation in France and Europe. Written by the anonymous Invisible Committee in the vein of Guy Debord — and with comparable elegance — it has been proclaimed a manual for terrorism by the French government (who recently arrested its alleged authors). One of its members more adequately described the group as “the name given to a collective voice bent on denouncing contemporary cynicism and reality.” The Coming Insurrection is a strategic prescription for an emergent war-machine capable of “spreading anarchy and live communism.” Written in the wake of the riots that erupted throughout the Paris suburbs in the fall of 2005 and presaging more recent riots and general strikes in France and Greece, The Coming Insurrection articulates a rejection of the official Left and its reformist agenda, aligning itself instead with the younger, wilder forms of resistance that have emerged in Europe around recent struggles against immigration control and the “war on terror.” Hot-wired to the movement of ’77 in Italy, its preferred historical reference point, The Coming Insurrection formulates an ethics that takes as its starting point theft, sabotage, the refusal to work, and the elaboration of collective, self-organized life forms. It is a philosophical statement that addresses the growing number of those — in France, in the United States, and elsewhere — who refuse the idea that theory, politics, and life are separate realms.

$12.95T/£9.95 paper 978-1-58435-080-4 Intervention series Distributed for Semiotext(e)

Also available from Semiotext(e) REVOLT, SHE SAID Julia Kristeva 2002, 978-1-58435-015-6 $11.95T/£8.95 paper

The Invisible Committee is the collective pen-name for a small group of French post-Situationist intellectuals and academics.

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cultural studies/political theory

THE SOUL AT WORK From Alienation to Autonomy Franco “Bifo” Berardi introduction by Jason Smith translated by Francesca Cadel We can reach every point in the world but, more importantly, we can be reached from any point in the world. Privacy and its possibilities are abolished. Attention is under siege everywhere. Not silence but uninterrupted noise, not the red desert, but a cognitive space overcharged with nervous incentives to act: this is the alienation of our times. . . . — from The Soul at Work Capital has managed to overcome the dualism of body and soul by establishing a workforce in which everything we mean by the Soul — language, creativity, affects — is mobilized for its own benefit. Industrial production put to work bodies, muscles, and arms. Now, in the sphere of digital technology and cyberculture, exploitation involves the mind, language, and emotions in order to generate value — while our bodies disappear in front of our computer screens. In this, his newest book, Franco “Bifo” Berardi — key member of the Italian Autonomist movement and a close associate of Félix Guattari — addresses these new forms of estrangement. In the philosophical landscape of the 1960s and 1970s, the Hegelian concept of alienation was used to define the harnessing of subjectivity. The estrangement of workers from their labor, the feeling of alienation they experienced, and their refusal to submit to it became the bases for a human community that remained autonomous from capital. But today a new condition of alienation has taken root in which workers commonly and voluntarily work overtime, the population is tethered to cell phones and Blackberries, debt has become a postmodern form of slavery, and antidepressants are commonly used to meet the unending pressure of production. As a result, the conditions for community have run aground and new philosophical categories are needed. The Soul at Work is a clarion call for a new collective effort to reclaim happiness. The Soul at Work is Bifo’s long overdue introduction to English-speaking readers. This Semiotext(e) edition is also the book’s first appearance in any language.

An examination of new forms of alienation in our never-off, plugged-in culture — and a clarion call for a “conspiracy of estranged people.”

November 6 x 9, 192 pp. $14.95T/£11.95 paper 978-1-58435-076-7 Foreign Agents series Distributed for Semiotext(e)

Franco Berardi, aka “Bifo,” founder of the famous “Radio Alice” in Bologna and an important figure of the Italian Autonomia Movement, is a writer, media theorist, and media activist. He currently teaches Social History of the Media at the Accademia di Brera, Milan.

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cultural studies/politics/German history

NEW EDITION

THE GERMAN ISSUE A first-hand account of the Western world on the threshold of a major global mutation, bridging art and intellect, culture and politics, Europe and America.

October 7 x 10, 352 pp. 310 illus. $29.95T/£22.95 cloth 978-1-58435-079-8 Foreign Agents series Distributed for Semiotext(e)

Also available from Semiotext(e): AUTONOMIA Post-Political Politics edited by Sylvère Lotringer and Christian Marazzi 2007, 978-1-58435-053-8 $24.95T/£18.95 cloth GERMANIA Heiner Müller 1990, 978-0-936756-63-9 $13.95T/£10.95 paper

edited and with an introduction by Sylvère Lotringer I like to stand with one leg on each side of the wall. Maybe this is a schizophrenic position, but none other seems to me real enough. — Heiner Mueller, The German Issue The German Issue (1982) was originally conceived as a follow-up to Semiotext(e)’s Autonomia/Italy issue, published two years earlier. Although ideological terrorism was still a major issue in Germany, what ultimately emerged from these pages was an investigation of two outlaw cities, Berlin and New York, which embodied all the tensions and contradictions of the world at the time. The German Issue is the Tale of Two Cities, then, with each city separated from its own country by an invisible wall of suspicion or even hatred. It is also the complex evocation of the rebelling youth — squatters, punks, artists and radicals, theorists and ex-terrorists — who gathered all their energy and creativity in order to outlive a hostile environment. Like a time capsule, The German Issue brings together all the major “issues” that were being debated on both sides of the Atlantic — which eventually found their abrupt resolution in 1989 with the fall of the Berlin Wall. It involved the most important voices of the period — from writers and filmmakers to anthropologists, activists and poets, terrorists and philosophers: Joseph Beuys, Michel Foucault, Christo, Christa Wolf, Walter Abish, Alexander Kluge, Paul Virilio, Ulrilke Meinhof, William Burroughs, Jean Baudrillard, Hans Magnus Enzenberger, Maurice Blanchot, Hans Jürgen Syberberg, Heidegger, André Gorz, Helke Sander. Opening with Christo’s “Wrapping Up of Germany” and the celebrated dialogue between East German dramaturge Heiner Müller and Sylvère Lotringer on “Mauer” (the Wall) since published in many languages, The German Issue offers a first-hand account of the Western world on the threshold of a major global mutation. It also embodies at its best Semiotext(e)’s tenacious effort to establish a creative bridge between art and intellect, culture and politics, Europe and America. Sylvère Lotringer, general editor of Semiotext(e), lives in New York and Baja California.

Christo, Project for Wrapped Reichstag, Berlin, scale model, 1981. Photo by Harry Shunk.

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AFTERALL BOOKS art

MICHAEL SNOW Wavelength Elizabeth Legge In 1966, at the height of minimal art in New York, artist Michael Snow chose not to make another object to be placed in a room but instead spent a year planning a film of a room: Wavelength, a forty-five-minute more or less straightline zoom from the near to the far wall of a loft space, accompanied by a rising sine wave. In this illustrated study, Elizabeth Legge describes Wavelength as a film of virtuosically managed tensions, sensuous beauty, subtle light and color, and recession into perspectival depth. At the same time, she points out, it is also austere: the loft space where the action unfolds could be the last clerical outpost of a defunct business. The zoom is punctuated by what Snow laconically called “4 human events”: a woman directs two men who carry in a bookcase and place it against the left wall of the room; two women come in and listen to the Beatles’ “Strawberry Fields” on the radio; a man briefly appears after protracted crashing and glass-breaking noises, wheels around, and drops dead; a young woman comes into the room and makes a frightened telephone call reporting the dead man (“And he doesn’t look drunk, he looks dead.”). Wavelength won the grand prize for experimental film at Knokke-le-Zoute in 1967, and it was crucial to critics’ efforts to establish a vocabulary for temporal art. It was a “wavelength” that could stand up to the French new wave, and it has functioned ever since as a touchstone for art and film studies, and as a blue screen in front of which a range of ideological and intellectual dramas have been played. Elizabeth Legge is Associate Professor in the Department of Art at the University of Toronto. She has written on Dada, Surrealism, and contemporary Canadian and British art in Art History, Word and Image, and Representations. Michael Snow is a Canadian artist, film-maker, and musician.

An illustrated study of Michael Snow’s “zoom film,” which has become a touchstone for art and film studies.

October 6 x 8 1/2, 112 pp. 32 color illus. $16.00T/£9.95 paper 978-1-84638-056-3 $35.00S/£19.95 cloth 978-1-84638-055-6 One Work series Distributed for Afterall Books

Also available in this series CHRIS MARKER La Jetée Janet Harbord 2009, 978-1-84638-048-8 $16.00T/£9.95 paper ANDY WARHOL Blow Job Peter Gidal 2008, 978-1-84638-041-9 $16.00T/£9.95 paper FISCHLI AND WEISS The Way Things Go Jeremy Millar 2007, 978-1-84638-035-8 $16.00T/£9.95 paper

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AFTERALL BOOKS art

SARAH LUCAS Does art have a sex? A study of Sarah Lucas’s famous assemblage of objects that suggest male and female body parts.

September 6 x 8 1/2 112 pp. 32 color illus. $16.00T/£9.95 paper 978-1-84638-054-9 $35.00S/£19.95 cloth 978-1-84638-053-2 One Work series Distributed for Afterall Books

Also available in this series: HANNE DARBOVEN Cultural History 1880-1983 Dan Adler 2009, 978-1-84638-050-1 $16.00T/£9.95 paper ALIGHIERO E BOETTI Mappa Luca Cerizza 2008, 978-1-84638-027-3 $16.00T/£9.95 paper YVONNE RAINER The Mind is a Muscle Catherine Wood 2007, 978-1-84638-037-2 $16.00T/£9.95 paper

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Au Naturel Amna Malik Amna Malik opens her study of Sarah Lucas’s Au Naturel (1994) by asking “Does art have a sex? And if so, what does it look like?” Au Naturel is an assemblage of objects — a mattress, a bucket, a pair of melons, oranges and a cucumber — that suggest male and female body parts. Through much of Lucas’s work, and particularly through Au Naturel, Malik argues, we are placed in a position of spectatorship that makes us see “sex” as so many dismembered parts, with no apparent morality attached — no implication of guilt, shame, or embarrassment. The sardonic and irreverent nature of Lucas’s observations, moreover, violates certain assumptions about what kind of art women artists make. This, Malik proposes, is the significance of Lucas’s work for a later generation of artists who are unburdened by the need to insist on questions of gender and sexual politics as a necessary subject for the woman artist. Lucas’s shift between high and low art and culture operates as a shift between “high” aesthetic ideas about the art object as a metaphoric play of meaning and its “low” associations with the materiality of the literal object and its allusions to the genitals and sex. Au Naturel creates a series of associations that bring the ideal into collision with a base materialism, emphasizing desire as a condition of the meaning of the object. Amna Malik is a Lecturer in Art History and Theory at the Slade School of Fine Art, London. Sarah Lucas’s work has been included in the major surveys of new British art in the 1990s, including Sensation: Young British Artists from the Saatchi Collection. Au Naturel, made for and exhibited for the first time in “Football Karaoke,” organized by Georg Herold for Portikus, Frankfurtam-Main, Germany, 1994, is in Damien Hirst’s “murderme” collection.

ZONE BOOKS philosophy/critical theory

THE ENEMY OF ALL Piracy and the Law of Nations Daniel Heller-Roazen The pirate is the original enemy of humankind. As Cicero famously remarked, there are certain enemies with whom one may negotiate and with whom, circumstances permitting, one may establish a truce. But there is also an enemy with whom treaties are in vain and war remains incessant. This is the pirate, considered by ancient jurists to be “the enemy of all.” In this book, Daniel Heller-Roazen reconstructs the shifting place of the pirate in legal and political thought from the ancient to the medieval, modern, and contemporary periods presenting the philosophical genealogy of a remarkable antagonist. Today, Heller-Roazen argues, the pirate furnishes the key to the contemporary paradigm of the universal foe. This is a legal and political person of exception, neither criminal nor enemy, who inhabits an extra-territorial region. Against such a foe, states may wage extraordinary battles, policing politics and justifying military measures in the name of welfare and security. Heller-Roazen defines piracy in the conjunction of four conditions: a region beyond territorial jurisdiction; agents who may not be identified with an established state; the collapse of the distinction between criminal and political categories; and the transformation of the concept of war. The paradigm of piracy remains in force today. Whenever we hear of regions outside the rule of law in which acts of “indiscriminate aggression” have been committed “against humanity,” we must begin to recognize that these are acts of piracy. Often considered part of the distant past, the enemy of all is closer to us today than we may think. Indeed, he may never have been closer.

The philosophical genealogy of a remarkable antagonist: the pirate, the key to the contemporary paradigm of the universal foe.

November 6 x 9, 295 pp. $28.95T/£21.95 cloth 978-1-890951-94-8 Distributed for Zone Books

Also available from Zone Books THE INNER TOUCH Archaeology of a Sensation Daniel Heller-Roazen 2009, 978-1-890951-77-1 $22.95T/£16.95 paper

Daniel Heller-Roazen is Professor of Comparative Literature at Princeton University. He is the author of Echolalias: On the Forgetting of Language (2008) and The Inner Touch: Archaeology of a Sensation (2009), both published by Zone Books.

Still from Winsor McCay's 1918 animation The Sinking of the Lusitania.

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ZONE BOOKS Middle Eastern studies/current affairs

THE POWER OF INCLUSIVE EXCLUSION An analysis of Israeli power in the Occupied Palestinian Territories, with essays by leading Palestinian and Israeli scholars, a comprehensive chronology, photographs, and original documents.

December 6 x 9, 650 pp. 52 illus. $38.95T/£28.95 cloth 978-1-890951-92-4 Distributed for Zone Books

CONTRIBUTORS Caroline Abu-Sada, Gadi Algazi, Ariella Azoulay, Orna Ben-Naftali, Yael Berda, Hilla Dayan, Leila Farsakh, Dani Filc, Michal Givoni, Neve Gordon, Aeyal M. Gross, Sari Hanafi, Ariel Handel, Keren Michaeli, Adi Ophir, Ronen Shamir, Yehuda Shenhav, Eyal Weizman

Also available from Zone Books THE CIVIL CONTRACT OF PHOTOGRAPHY Ariella Azoulay 2008, 978-1-890951-88-7 $36.95T/£27.95 cloth

Anatomy of Israeli Rule in the Occupied Palestinian Territories edited by Adi Ophir, Michal Givoni, and Sari Hanafi On the eve of its fifth decade, the Israeli occupation in the Palestinian territories can no longer be considered a temporary aberration. Israel’s control over Palestinian life, society, space and land has become firmly entrenched while acquiring more sophisticated and enduring forms. The Power of Inclusive Exclusion analyzes the Israeli occupation as a rationalized system of political rule. With essays by leading Palestinian and Israeli scholars, a comprehensive chronology, photographs, and original documents, this groundbreaking book calls into question prevalent views of the occupation as a skewed form of brutal colonization, a type of Jewish apartheid, or an inevitable response to terrorism. The writers address the fundamental and contemporary dimensions of the occupation regime — its unpredictable bureaucratic apparatus, the fragmentation of space and regulation of movement, the intricate tapestry of law and regulations, the discriminatory control over economic flows and the calculated use of military violence. The Power of Inclusive Exclusion uncovers the structural logic that sustains and reproduces the occupation regime. In a time when military occupations are emerging globally, political disasters abound, and protracted control over groups of noncitizens has been normalized, The Power of Inclusive Exclusion provides a new set of categories crucial to our understanding of emergency regimes and identifies what is at stake for an informed and timely opposition. Adi Ophir is Professor of Philosophy and Political Theory at the Cohn Institute for the History and Philosophy of Science and Ideas at Tel Aviv University. He is the author of The Order of Evils: Toward an Ontology of Morals (Zone Books, 2005) and other books. Michal Givoni is a Postdoctoral Fellow in the Department of Sociology and Anthropology at Tel Aviv University. Sari Hanafi is Associate Professor Sociology at American University of Beirut. and is the author of The Emergence of A Palestinian Globalized Elite: Donors, International Organizations and Local NGOs.

THE ORDER OF EVILS Adi Ophir 2005, 978-1-890951-51-1 $38.95T/£28.95 cloth

Selections from www.activestills.org. Active Stills is an online collective of activist photography from Israel and Palestine.

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ZONE BOOKS philosophy

THE SIGNATURE OF ALL THINGS On Method Giorgio Agamben translated by Luca di Santo The Signature of All Things is Giorgio Agamben’s sustained reflection on method. To reflect on method implies for Agamben an archaeological vigilance: a persistent form of thinking in order to to expose, examine, and elaborate what is obscure, unanalyzed, even unsaid, in an author’s thought. To be archaeologically vigilant, then, is to return to, even invent, a method attuned to a “world supported by a thick weave of resemblances and sympathies, analogies and correspondences.” Collecting a wide range of authors and topics in a slim but richly argued volume, Agamben enacts the search to create a science of signatures that exceeds the attempts of semiology and hermeneutics to determine the pure and unmarked signs that signify univocally, neutrally, and eternally. Three conceptual figures organize Agamben’s argument and the advent of his new method: the paradigm, the signature, and archaeology. Each chapter is devoted to an investigation of one of these concepts Agamben carefully constructs its genealogy transhistorically and from an interdisciplinary perspective. And at each moment of the text, Agamben pays tribute to Michel Foucault, whose methods he rethinks and effectively uses to reformulate the logic of the concepts he isolates. The Signature of All Things reveals once again why Agamben is one of the most innovative thinkers writing today. Giorgio Agamben is Professor of Philosophy at the University of Venice. He is the author of Profanations (2007), Remnants of Auschwitz: The Witness and the Archive (2002) both published by Zone Books and other books.

The search to create a science of signatures that exceeds the attempts of semiology and hermeneutics to determine pure and unmarked signs.

December 6 x 9, 150 pp. $24.95T/£18.95 cloth 978-1-890951-98-6 Distributed for Zone Books

Also available from Zone Books PROFANATIONS Giorgio Agamben 2007, 978-1-890951-82-5 $25.95T/£19.95 cloth REMNANTS OF AUSCHWITZ The Witness and the Archive Giorgio Agamben 2002, 978-1-890951-17-7 $18.95T/£14.95 paper

Aconite plant, from Phytognomonica by Della Porta.

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ZONE BOOKS/NOW IN PAPER philosophy

THE INNER TOUCH An original, elegant, and far-reaching philosophical inquiry into what it means to feel alive.

September 6 x 9, 386 pp. $22.95T/£16.95 978-1-890951-77-1 Distributed for Zone Books cloth 2007 978-1-890951-76-4

Also available from Zone Books ECHOLALIAS On the Forgetting of Language Daniel Heller-Roazen 2008, 978-1-890951-50-4 $21.95T/£16.95 paper THE ENEMY OF ALL Daniel Heller-Roazen 2009, 978-1-890951-94-8 $28.95T/£21.95 cloth Winner of the Aldo and Jeanne Scaglione Prize for Comparative Literary Studies

Archaeology of a Sensation Daniel Heller-Roazen The Inner Touch presents the archaeology of a single sense: the sense of being sentient. Aristotle was perhaps the first to define this faculty when in his treatise On the Soul he identified a sensory power, irreducible to the five senses, by which animals perceive that they are perceiving: the simple “sense,” as he wrote, “that we are seeing and hearing.” After him, thinkers returned, time and again, to define and redefine this curious sensation. The classical Greek and Roman philosophers as well as the medieval Arabic, Hebrew, and Latin thinkers who followed them all investigated a power they called “the common sense,” which one ancient author likened to “a kind of inner touch, by which we are able to grasp ourselves.” Their many findings were not lost with the waning of the Middle Ages. From Montaigne and Francis Bacon to Locke, Leibniz, and Rousseau, from nineteenth-century psychiatry and neurology to Proust and Walter Benjamin, the writers and thinkers of the modern period have turned knowingly and unknowing to the terms of older traditions in exploring the perception that every sensitive being possesses of its life. The Inner Touch reconstructs and reconsiders the history of this perception. In twenty-five concise chapters that move freely among ancient, medieval, and modern cultures, Daniel Heller-Roazen investigates a set of exemplary phenomena that have played central roles in philosophical, literary, psychological, and medical accounts of the nature of animal existence. Here sensation and self-sensation, sleeping and waking, aesthetics and anesthetics, perception and apperception, animal nature and human nature, consciousness and unconsciousness, all acquire a new meaning. The Inner Touch proposes an original, elegant, and far-reaching philosophical inquiry into a problem that has never been more pressing: what it means to feel that one is alive. Daniel Heller-Roazen is Professor of Comparative Literature at Princeton University. He is the author of Echolalias: On the Forgetting of Language (2008) and Enemy of All: Piracy and the Law of Nations (2009), both published by Zone Books.

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NOW IN PAPER film/philosophy

INGMAR BERGMAN, CINEMATIC PHILOSOPHER Reflections on His Creativity Irving Singer Known for their repeating motifs and signature tropes, the films of Ingmar Bergman also contain extensive variation and development. In these reflections on Bergman’s artistry and thought, Irving Singer discerns distinctive themes in Bergman’s filmmaking, from first intimations in the early work to consummate resolutions in the later movies. Singer demonstrates that while Bergman’s output was not philosophy on celluloid, it attains an expressive and purely aesthetic truthfulness that can be considered philosophical in a broader sense. Through analysis of both narrative and filmic effects, Singer probes Bergman’s mythmaking and his reliance upon the magic inherent in his cinematic techniques. Singer traces the evolution of Bergman's ideas about life and death, and about the possibility of happiness and interpersonal love in films ranging from films that revert to childhood memories (The Best Intentions, Fanny and Alexander, Sunday’s Children) to such movies as Smiles of a Summer Night, Scenes from a Marriage, and Saraband, which draw upon Bergman’s mature experience and depict the troubled relationships between men and women. Inspecting the panorama of Bergman’s art, Singer shows how the endless search for human contact motivates the content of his films and reflects Bergman’s profound perspective on the world. Irving Singer is Professor of Philosophy at MIT. He is the author of Philosophy of Love: A Partial Summing-Up (2009) and the trilogies The Nature of Love and Meaning in Life as well as two other books about film, Reality Transformed: Film as Meaning and Technique (2000) and Three Philosophical Filmmakers: Hitchcock, Welles, Renoir (2004) all published by The MIT Press, and many other books. Shortlisted for the 2008 Kraszna-Krausz Award for the Best Moving Image Book

“Irving Singer’s book is well grounded, clearly thought out, and lucidly written. Though the author is a professor of philosophy, it is neither academic nor esoteric, but plain-spoken and informative. The work of a man who has long lived with and often written about film, this concise volume on Bergman says more than many another longwinded and less stimulating one.” — John Simon, Critic “A book that is not only informative but also insightful and illuminating.” — Robert E. Lauder, Commonweal

The development of themes, motifs, and techniques in Bergman's films.

October 5 3/8 x 8, 256 pp. $12.95T/£9.95 paper 978-0-262-51323-4 cloth 2007 978-0-262-19563-8

BACK IN PRINT MEANING IN LIFE Irving Singer with new prefaces by the author

MEANING IN LIFE The Creation of Value

“The distilled wisdom of one of the finest minds of our time.” — W. Jackson Bate December 6 x 9, 202 pp. $30.00S/£22.95 paper 978-0-262-51356-2 MEANING IN LIFE The Pursuit of Love

“A book that deserves to be as widely read as Erich Fromm’s The Art of Living.” — Kathryn Hughes, Literary Review, London December 6 x 9, 216 pp. $30.00S/£22.95 paper 978-0-262-51357-9 MEANING IN LIFE The Harmony of Nature and Spirit

“A gold mine for those who wish to better understand the intellectual foundations of the good life.” — Marvin Kohl, The New School for Social Research December 6 x 9, 250 pp. $30.00S/£22.95 paper 978-0-262-51358-6 The Irving Singer Library

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NOW IN PAPER politics/cultural studies

economics/current affairs

THE CHOMSKY EFFECT

ESCAPE FROM EMPIRE

A Radical Works Beyond the Ivory Tower Robert F. Barsky

The Developing World's Journey through Heaven and Hell Alice H. Amsden

Noam Chomsky has been praised by the likes of Bono and Hugo Chávez and attacked by the likes of Tom Wolfe and Alan Dershowitz. Groundbreaking linguist and outspoken political dissenter — voted “most important public intellectual in the world today” in a 2005 magazine poll — Chomsky inspires fanatical devotion and fierce vituperation. In The Chomsky Effect, Chomsky biographer Robert Barsky examines his subject’s positions on a number of highly charged issues — Chomsky’s signature issues, including Vietnam, Israel, East Timor, and his work in linguistics — that illustrate “the Chomsky effect.” Chomsky, writes Barsky, is an inspiration and a catalyst. Not just an analyst or advocate, he encourages people to become engaged — to be “dangerous” and challenge power and privilege. The actions and reactions of Chomsky supporters and detractors and the attending contentiousness can be thought of as “the Chomsky effect.” Barsky charts anti-Chomsky sentiments, Chomsky’s popular appeal, and offers in-depth analyses of controversies surrounding Chomsky’s roles in the “Faurisson Affair” and the “Pol Pot Affair.” Finally, Barsky considers the role of the public intellectual in order to assess why Noam Chomsky has come to mean so much to so many — and what he may mean to generations to come.

The American government has been both miracle worker and villain in the developing world. From the end of World War II until the 1980s, poor countries, including many in Africa and the Middle East, enjoyed a modicum of economic growth, thanks in part to flexible American policies. Then during the Reagan era, American policy changed. The definition of laissez-faire shifted from “Do it your way” to an imperial “Do it our way.” A beneficent and politically savvy empire was followed by a dictatorial, ideology-driven one. Growth in the developing world slowed, income inequalities skyrocketed, and financial crises raged. Only East Asian economies resisted the strict prescriptions of Washington and continued to boom. Why? What will the next American empire learn from the failure of the last? In Escape from Empire, Alice Amsden argues provocatively that the more freedom a developing country has to determine its own policies, the faster its economy will grow. America’s recent inflexibility — as it has single-mindedly imposed the same rules, laws, and institutions on all developing economies under its influence — has been the backdrop to the rise of two new giants, China and India, who have built economic power in their own way.

Robert F. Barsky is Professor of English, Comparative Literature, French, and Jewish Studies at Vanderbilt University. He is the author of Noam Chomsky: A Life of Dissent (MIT Press, 1997).

“This book should be read by anyone interested in the existing or potential role for public intellectuals in American society and in politics, particularly.” — Richard C. Collins, Virginia Quarterly Review October — 6 x 9, 400 pp. — 11 illus. $15.95T/£11.95 paper 978-0-262-51316-6 cloth 2007 978-0-262-02624-6

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Alice H. Amsden is Barton L. Weller Professor of Political Economy at MIT.

“A valuable contribution to the appraisal of international development disappointments, not least because of the meticulous analysis of American economic foreign policy in the twentieth century.” — Patrick Shea, Political Studies Review October — 6 x 9, 208 pp. — 9 illus. $14.95T/£11.95 paper 978-0-262-51315-9 cloth 2007 978-0-262-01234-8

NOW IN PAPER architecture/acoustics

art

SPACES SPEAK, ARE YOU LISTENING?

ART AS EXISTENCE

Experiencing Aural Architecture Barry Blesser and Linda-Ruth Salter We experience spaces not only by seeing but also by listening. We can navigate a room in the dark, and “hear” the emptiness of a house without furniture. Our experience of music in a concert hall depends on whether we sit in the front row or under the balcony. The unique acoustics of religious spaces acquire symbolic meaning. Social relationships are strongly influenced by the way that space changes sound. In Spaces Speak, Are You Listening?, Barry Blesser and Linda-Ruth Salter examine auditory spatial awareness: experiencing space by attentive listening. Every environment has an aural architecture. Integrating contributions from a wide range of disciplines — including architecture, music, acoustics, evolution, anthropology, cognitive psychology, audio engineering, and many others — Spaces Speak, Are You Listening? establishes the concepts and language of aural architecture. These concepts provide an interdisciplinary guide for anyone interested in gaining a better understanding of how space enhances our well-being. Aural architecture is not the exclusive domain of specialists. Accidentally or intentionally, we all function as aural architects. Choice Outstanding Academic Title, 2007 As a former Professor at MIT and a founder of digital audio, Barry Blesser has spent the last 40 years working at the junction of audio, acoustics, perception, and cognitive psychology. Linda-Ruth Salter, PhD, is an independent scholar who has spent the last 25 years focusing on the interdisciplinary relationship of art, space, culture, and technology.

The Artist’s Monograph and Its Project Gabriele Guercio The narrative of the artist’s life and work is one of the oldest models in the Western literature of the visual arts. In Art as Existence, Gabriele Guercio investigates the metamorphosis of the artist’s monograph, tracing its formal and conceptual trajectories from Vasari’s sixteenth-century Lives of the Painters, Sculptors, and Architects (which provided the model and source for the genre) through its apogee in the nineteenth century and decline in the twentieth. He looks at the legacy of the life-and-work model and considers its prospects in an intellectual universe of deconstructionism, psychoanalysis, feminism, and postcolonialism. The hidden project of the artist’s monograph, Guercio claims, comes from a utopian impulse; by commuting biography into art and art into biography, the life-and-work model equates art and existence, construing otherwise distinct works of an artist as chapters of a life story. Guercio calls for a contemporary reconsideration of the life-and-work model, arguing that the ultimate legacy of the artist’s monograph does not lie in its established modes of writing but in its greater project and in the intimate portrait that we gain of the nature of creativity. Gabriele Guercio is an independent writer living in Milan and New York. Editor of Art after Philosophy and After by Joseph Kosuth (MIT Press, 1991) and De Dominicis. Raccolta di scritti sull’opera e l’artista, he has written on modern and contemporary art as well as the history of art theory.

“An impressively wide-ranging analysis of the monograph from its Renaissance antecedents to the present.” — Ann Compton, The Art Book

“ Spaces Speak, Are You Listening? is book that would round out the collection of musician, engineer, architect, musical historian, or philosopher.” — Colin Novak, International Journal of Acoustics and Vibration

“Independent, passionate, and unexpected.” — Christopher S. Wood, Artforum

October — 7 x 9, 456 pp. — 20 illus.

$27.95T/£20.95 paper 978-0-262-51320-3

$21.95T/£16.95 paper 978-0-262-51317-3

October — 7 x 9, 392 pp. — 52 illus.

cloth 2006 978-0-262-07268-7

cloth 2006 978-0-262-02605-5

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NOW IN PAPER art/new media

art/new media

SIGNS OF LIFE

META/DATA

Bio Art and Beyond edited by Eduardo Kac

A Digital Poetics Mark Amerika

Bio art is a new art form that has emerged from the cultural impact and increasing accessibility of contemporary biotechnology. Signs of Life is one of the first books to focus exclusively on art that uses biotechnology as its medium, defining and discussing the theoretical and historical implications of bio art and offering examples of work by prominent artists. Bio art manipulates the processes of life; in its most radical form, it invents or transforms living organisms. It is not representational; bio art is in vivo. (A celebrated example is Eduardo Kac’s own GFP Bunny, centered on “Alba," the transgenic fluorescent green rabbit.) The creations of bio art become a part of evolution and, provided they are capable of reproduction, can last as long as life exists on earth. Thus, bio art raises unprecedented questions about the future of life, evolution, society, and art. The contributors to Signs of Life articulate the critical theory of bio art and document its fundamental works.

This rich collection of writings by pioneering digital artist Mark Amerika mixes (and remixes) personal memoir, net art theory, fictional narrative, satirical reportage, scholarly history, and network-infused language art. META/DATA is a playful, improvisatory, multitrack “digital sampling” of Amerika’s writing from 1993 to 2005. It tells the early history of a net art world “gone wild,” while simultaneously constructing a parallel poetics of net art that complements Amerika’s own artistic practice. Amerika documents the emergence of new media art forms while he creates them. META/DATA presents a multifaceted view of the digital art scene on subjects ranging from interactive storytelling to net art, live VJing, online curating, and Web publishing. Provocative, digressive, nomadic, and fun to read, Amerika’s texts call to mind the cadences of Gertrude Stein, the Beats, cyberpunk fiction, and even The Daily Show more than they do the usual new media theorizing. META/DATA maps the world of net culture with Amerika as guide and resident artist.

CONTRIBUTORS Heather Ackroyd and Dan Harvey, Lori B. Andrews, Bernard Andrieu, Brandon Ballengée, Louis Bec, Oliver A. I. Botar, Oran Catts and Ionat Zurr, Joe Davis, Richard Doyle, Alexander Fleming, Vilém Flusser, Ronald J. Gedrim, George Gessert, Natalie Jeremijenko, Eduardo Kac, David Kremers, Marion Laval-Jeantet and Benoît Mangin, Dominique Lestel, Marta de Menezes, Yves Michaud, Gunalan Nadarajan, Dorothy Nelkin, Paul Perry, Marc Quinn, Barbara Maria Stafford, Eugene Thacker, Regina Trindade, Paul Vanouse, Cary Wolfe, Adam Zaretsky Eduardo Kac is an internationally celebrated artist who has received critical acclaim for net and bio works including Genesis, GFP Bunny, and Move 36. His work has been widely exhibited and is in the permanent collections of the Museum of Modern Art in New York and the Museum of Modern Art in Rio de Janeiro, among others. October — 7 x 9, 432 pp. — 89 illus. $18.95T/£14.95 paper 978-0-262-51321-0

Mark Amerika, named a “Time Magazine 100 Innovator” in 2001, is an interdisciplinary artist and Associate Professor in the Department of Art and Art History at the University of Colorado at Boulder. His works include the celebrated epic online narrative GRAMMATRON, selected for the 2000 Whitney Biennial.

“Mark Amerika is a hacker. He hacks language, image, sound, identities, cultures. He plays space, time, and tech like a saxophone. He plays out, way out sometimes, but he will always beckon you to join him. His writings are like invitations to a happening party you don’t know you are already at. It’s dense, it’s hard, but it flows, and it’s fun. What more could you want?” — McKenzie Wark, author of Gamer Theory

cloth 2006 978-0-262-11293-2

October — 7 x 9, 460 pp. — 18 illus.

A Leonardo Book

$18.95T/£14.95 paper 978-0-262-51314-2 cloth 2007 978-0-262-01233-1 A Leonardo Book

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NOW IN PAPER popular culture/game studies

new media/poetry

THE SECOND LIFE HERALD

NEW MEDIA POETICS

The Virtual Tabloid that Witnessed the Dawn of the Metaverse Peter Ludlow and Mark Wallace

Contexts, Technotexts, and Theories edited by Adalaide Morris and Thomas Swiss

When a virtual journalist for a virtual newspaper reporting on the digital world of an online game lands on the real-world front page of the New York Times, it just might signal the dawn of a new era. Virtual journalist Peter Ludlow was banned from The Sims Online for being a bit too good at his job — for reporting in his virtual tabloid the Alphaville Herald on the cyber-brothels, crimes, and strong-arm tactics that had become rife in the game. Seeking a new virtual home, Ludlow moved the Herald to another virtual world — the powerful online environment of Second Life — just as it was about to explode onto the international mediascape and usher in the next iteration of the Internet. In The Second Life Herald, Ludlow and his colleague Mark Wallace take us behind the scenes of the Herald as they report on the emergence of a fascinating universe of virtual spaces that will become the next generation of the World Wide Web: a 3-D environment that provides richer, more expressive interactions than the Web we know today. Peter Ludlow, Professor of Philosophy at the University of Toronto, is the author or editor of a number of books on both philosophy and cyberspace. Mark Wallace is the editor of leading metaverse blog 3pointD.com, and a coauthor of Second Life: The Official Guide. • A Library Journal Top Sci-Tech Book of 2007 • Choice Outstanding Academic Title, 2008 • Winner, Media and Cultural Studies category, 2007, Professional/Scholarly Publishing Awards

“Anyone with even the slightest curiosity about online virtual communities will find it engrossing.” — Publishers Weekly “A lively and worthwhile insight into the development of this alternative universe.” — Eric Sinrod, New Scientist

New media poetry — poetry composed, disseminated, and read on computers — exists in various configurations, from electronic documents that can be navigated and/or rearranged by their “users” to kinetic, visual, and sound materials through online journals and archives like UbuWeb, PennSound, and the Electronic Poetry Center. Unlike mainstream print poetry, which assumes a bounded, coherent, and self-conscious speaker, new media poetry assumes a synergy between human beings and intelligent machines. The essays and artist statements in this volume explore this synergy’s continuities and breaks with past poetic practices, and its profound implications for the future. By adding new media poetry to the study of hypertext narrative, interactive fiction, computer games, and other digital art forms, New Media Poetics extends our understanding of the computer as an expressive medium, showcases works that are visually arresting, aurally charged, and dynamic, and traces the lineage of new media poetry through print and sound poetics, procedural writing, gestural abstraction and conceptual art, and activist communities formed by emergent poetics. Adalaide Morris is John C. Gerber Professor of English at the University of Iowa, where Thomas Swiss is Professor of English and Rhetoric of Inquiry.

“A fine introduction to the topic, while the questions it raises make it a necessary text for advanced scholars as well.” — Sandy Baldwin, American Book Review October — 7 x 9, 440 pp. — 92 illus. $19.95T/£14.95 paper 978-0-262-51338-8 cloth 2006 978-0-262-13463-7 A Leonardo Book

October — 6 x 9, 312 pp. — 21 illus. $15.95T/£11.95 paper 978-0-262-51322-7 cloth 2007 978-0-262-12294-8

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NOW IN PAPER technology and society/political science

technology/business/law

MOBILE COMMUNICATION AND SOCIETY

WIRED SHUT

A Global Perspective Manuel Castells, Mireia Fernández-Ardèvol, Jack Linchuan Qiu, and Araba Sey Wireless networks are the fastest growing communications technology in history. Are mobile phones expressions of identity, fashionable gadgets, tools for life — or all of the above? Mobile Communication and Society looks at how the possibility of multimodal communication from anywhere to anywhere at any time affects everyday life at home, at work, and at school, and raises broader concerns about politics and culture both global and local. This sweeping book — moving easily in its analysis from the United States to China, from Europe to Latin America and Africa — answers the key questions about our transformation into a mobile network society. Manuel Castells is Professor of Communication and the Wallis Annenberg Chair in Communication Technology and Society at the Annenberg School for Communication, University of Southern California. He is the author of, among other books, the three-volume work The Information Age: Economy, Society, and Culture. Mireia Fernández-Ardèvol is a Researcher at the Internet Interdisciplinary Institute, Open University of Catalonia, and a Lecturer in Econometrics at the Faculty of Economic Sciences, University of Barcelona. Jack Linchuan Qiu is Assistant Professor in the School of Journalism and Communication at the Chinese University of Hong Kong andthe author of Working-Class Network Society (MIT Press, 2009). Araba Sey is a Research Associate with the Center for Information and Society at the University of Washington.

“The book should be required reading for researchers in all aspects of communications and information and students in sociology, media studies, geography, and politics.” — Scott Lash, Times Higher Education Supplement October — 6 x 9, 352 pp. — 10 illus. $15.95T/£11.95 paper 978-0-262-51318-0 cloth 2006 978-0-262-03355-8 Information Revolution and Global Politics series

Copyright and the Shape of Digital Culture Tarleton Gillespie While the public and the media have been distracted by warnings about the evils of “piracy” and lawsuits by the recording and film industries, the enforcement of copyright law in the digital world has quietly shifted from regulating copying to regulating the design of technology. Lawmakers and commercial interests are pursuing what might be called a technical fix: instead of specifying what can and cannot be done legally with a copyrighted work, this new approach calls for the strategic use of encryption technologies to build standards of copyright directly into digital devices so that some uses are possible and others rendered impossible. In Wired Shut, Tarleton Gillespie examines this shift to “technical copy protection” and its profound political, economic, and cultural implications. Tarleton Gillespie is Assistant Professor in the Department of Communication at Cornell University, with affiliations in the Department of Science and Technology Studies and the Information Science program. He is also a Fellow with the Center for Internet and Society at Stanford Law School.

“A sophisticated accounting of several key developments and the ways in which these developments have impacted our ability to use digital cultural products.” — Debra Halbert, Law and Politics Book Review “Wired Shut is an important book, essential for those who care about the future of digital technologies and information flows.” — Pamela Samuelson, University of California, Berkeley “ Wired Shut is instantly one of the most important books about copyright and technology available.” — Siva Vaidhyanathan, author of The Anarchist in the Library October — 6 x 9, 400 pp. $15.95T/£11.95 paper 978-0-262-51319-7 cloth 2007 978-0-262-07282-3

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NOW IN PAPER communications policy/computer science

game studies

CHANGE OF STATE

CHEATING

Information, Policy, and Power Sandra Braman

Gaining Advantage in Videogames Mia Consalvo

As the informational state replaces the bureaucratic welfare state, control over information creation, processing, flows, and use has become the most effective form of power. In this book, Sandra Braman examines the theoretical and practical ramifications of this “change of state.” She looks at the ways in which governments are deliberate, explicit, and consistent in their use of information policy to exercise power, exploring not only such familiar topics as intellectual property rights and privacy but also areas in which policy is highly effective but little understood. Such lesser-known issues include hybrid citizenship, the use of “functionally equivalent borders” internally to allow exceptions to U.S. law, research funding, census methods, and network interconnection. Trends in information policy, argues Braman, both manifest and trigger change in the nature of governance itself. Change of State introduces information policy on two levels, coupling discussions of specific contemporary problems with more abstract analysis drawing on social theory and empirical research as well as law. Most important, the book provides a way of understanding how information policy brings about the fundamental social changes that come with the transformation to the informational state. Sandra Braman is Professor in the Department of Communication, University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee. She is the editor of Communication Researchers and Policy-Making (MIT Press, 2003).

“Valuable insight into the way the U.S. state (particularly under the administration of George W. Bush) has developed its information policies.” — Lee Salter, Global Media and Communication “An important reconceptualization of the policy landscape, putting communications and information policy at the center of power and control.” — Pat Aufderheide, Professor and Director, Center for Social Media, School of Communication, American University September — 6 x 9, 576 pp. $20.00S/£14.95 paper 978-0-262-51324-1 cloth 2006 978-0-262-02597-3

The widely varying experiences of players of digital games challenge the notions that there is only one correct way to play a game. Some players routinely use cheat codes, consult strategy guides, or buy and sell ingame accounts, while others consider any or all of these practices off limits. Meanwhile, the game industry works to constrain certain readings or activities and promote certain ways of playing. In Cheating, Mia Consalvo investigates how players choose to play games and what happens when they can’t always play the way they’d like. Consalvo provides a cultural history of cheating in videogames, looking at how the packaging and selling of such cheat-enablers as cheat books, GameSharks, and mod chips created a cheat industry. She investigates how players themselves define cheating and how their playing choices can be understood, with particular attention to online cheating. Finally, she examines the growth of the peripheral game industries that produce information about games rather than actual games. Digital games are spaces for play and experimentation; the way we use and think about digital games, Consalvo argues, is crucially important and reflects ethical choices in gameplay and elsewhere. Mia Consalvo is Associate Professor of Telecommunications at Ohio University.

“An intriguing look at one of the most maligned aspects of gameplay, Cheating explores the act of subverting game rules from a range of perspectives and finds, surprisingly, not villains and spoilsports, but players of all types engaged in a complex negotiation of personal, cultural, and industrial exchange." — Tracy Fullerton, Codirector, Electronic Arts Game Innovation Lab, University of Southern California School of Cinematic Arts September — 7 x 9 x, 240 pp. — 1 illus. $18.00S/£13.95 paper 978-0-262-51328-9 cloth 2007 978-0-262-03365-7

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NOW IN PAPER human-computer interaction

computer science

ACTING WITH TECHNOLOGY

ALIGNING MODERN BUSINESS PROCESSES AND LEGACY SYSTEMS

Activity Theory and Interaction Design Victor Kaptelinin and Bonnie A. Nardi Activity theory holds that the human mind is the product of our interaction with people and artifacts in the context of everyday activity. Acting with Technology makes the case for activity theory as a basis for understanding our relationship with technology. Victor Kaptelinin and Bonnie Nardi describe activity theory’s principles, history, relationship to other theoretical approaches, and application to the analysis and design of technologies. The book provides the first systematic entry-level introduction to the major principles of activity theory. It describes the accumulating body of work in interaction design informed by activity theory, drawing on work from an international community of scholars and designers. Kaptelinin and Nardi examine the notion of the object of activity, describe its use in an empirical study, and discuss key debates in the development of activity theory. Finally, they outline current and future issues in activity theory, providing a comparative analysis of the theory and its leading theoretical competitors within interaction design: distributed cognition, actor-network theory, and phenomenologically inspired approaches. Victor Kaptelinin is Professor in the Department of Informatics at Umeå University, Sweden and coeditor of Beyond the Desktop Metaphor: Designing Integrated Digital Work Environments (MIT Press, 2007). Bonnie A. Nardi is Associate Professor in the School of Information and Computer Science at the University of California, Irvine. She is the author of A Small Matter of Programming (1993), and coauthor of Information Ecologies: Using Technology with Heart (1999), both published by the MIT Press.

“With elegance and clarity, Acting with Technology outlines a theoretical perspective that helps interaction design meet its future.” — Sampsa Hyysalo, Center for Activity Theory and Developmental Work Research, University of Helsinki September — 6 x 9, 352 pp. — 17 illus. $18.00S/£13.95 paper 978-0-262-51331-9 cloth 2006 978-0-262-11298-7 Acting with Technology series

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A Component-Based Perspective Willem-Jan van den Heuvel foreword by Michael L. Brodie Distributed business component computing — the assembling of business components into electronic business processes, which interact via the Internet — caters to a new breed of enterprise systems that are flexible, relatively easy to maintain and upgrade to accommodate new business processes, and relatively simple to integrate with other enterprise systems. Companies with unwieldy, large, and heterogeneous inherited information systems — known as legacy systems — find it extremely difficult to align their old systems with novel business processes. Legacy systems are not only tightly intertwined with existing business processes and procedures but also have a brittle architecture after years of ad hoc fixes and offer limited openness to other systems. In this book, Willem-Jan van den Heuvel provides a methodological framework that offers pragmatic techniques for aligning component-based business processes and legacy systems. Van den Heuvel’s methodology is based on three building blocks: reverse engineering, which allows legacy systems to be componentized; forward engineering, which derives a set of business components from requirements of the new business processes; and alignment of new business processes and componentized legacy systems. Aligning Modern Business Processes and Legacy Systems offers theoretically grounded practical methodology that has been explored and tested in a variety of experiments as well as some real-world projects. Willem-Jan van den Heuvel is Associate Professor in the Department of Computer Science at Tilburg University.

“A strategic introduction to business component design that is essential reading for CIOs, system architects, designers, and developers working with distributed systems and legacy components. Highly recommended.” — Jeff Sutherland, Chief Technology Officer, PatientKeeper, Inc. September — 7 x 9, 240 pp. — 64 illus. $18.00S/£13.95 paper 978-0-262-51346-3 cloth 2006 978-0-262-22079-8 Cooperative Information Systems series

NOW IN PAPER computer science/operations research

computer science/optimization

ONLINE STOCHASTIC COMBINATORIAL OPTIMIZATION

CONSTRAINT-BASED LOCAL SEARCH

Pascal Van Hentenryck and Russell Bent

The ubiquity of combinatorial optimization problems in our society is illustrated by the novel application areas for optimization technology, which range from supply chain management to sports tournament scheduling. Over the last two decades, constraint programming has emerged as a fundamental methodology to solve a variety of combinatorial problems, and rich constraint programming languages have been developed for expressing and combining constraints and specifying search procedures at a high level of abstraction. Local search approaches to combinatorial optimization are able to isolate optimal or near-optimal solutions within reasonable time constraints. This book introduces a method for solving combinatorial optimization problems that combines constraint programming and local search, using constraints to describe and control local search, and a programming language, COMET, that supports both modeling and search abstractions in the spirit of constraint programming.

Online decision making under uncertainty and time constraints represents one of the most challenging problems for robust intelligent agents. In an increasingly dynamic, interconnected, and real-time world, intelligent systems must adapt dynamically to uncertainties, update existing plans to accommodate new requests and events, and produce high-quality decisions under severe time constraints. Such online decision-making applications are becoming increasingly common. Ambulance dispatching and emergency city-evacuation routing, for example, are inherently online decision-making problems; other applications include packet scheduling for Internet communications and reservation systems. This book presents a novel framework, online stochastic combinatorial optimization, to address this challenge. The book presents several online stochastic algorithms implementing the framework, provides performance guarantees, and demonstrates a variety of applications. The authors discuss how to relax some of the assumptions in using historical sampling and machine learning and analyze different underlying algorithmic problems before addressing the framework’s possible limitations and suggesting directions for future research. Pascal Van Hentenryck is Professor in the Department of Computer Science at Brown University. He is author or editor of Principles and Practices of Constraint Programming (1995), The OPL Optimization Programming Language (1999), Constraint-Based Local Search (2005), all published by the MIT Press. Russell Bent is a PhD graduate of Brown University, where he worked on online optimization. He is on the technical staff of Los Alamos National Laboratories. September — 8 x 9, 248 pp.— 75 illus. $18.00S/£13.95 paper 978-0-262-51347-0 cloth 2006 978-0-262-22080-4

Pascal Van Hentenryck and Laurent Michel

Pascal Van Hentenryck is Professor in the Department of Computer Science at Brown University. He is author or editor of Principles and Practices of Constraint Programming (1995), The OPL Optimization Programming Language (1999), and Online Stochastic Combinatorial Optimization (2006), all published by the MIT Press. Laurent Michel is Associate Professor in the Department of Computer Science and Engineering at the University of Connecticut.

“ Constraint-Based Local Search presents a powerful new programming language paradigm for combinatorial optimization, uniting the power of local search with the declarativeness of constraint programming. This book will become an important reference for students and practitioners of combinatorial optimization.” — Andrew J. Davenport, IBM T. J. Watson Research Center September — 8 x 9, 448 pp. — 102 illus. $22.00S/£16.95 paper 978-0-262-51348-7 cloth 2005 978-0-262-22077-4

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NOW IN PAPER information science

bioethics/law

JOURNEY TO DATA QUALITY

MAKING MEDICAL DECISIONS FOR THE PROFOUNDLY MENTALLY DISABLED

Yang W. Lee, Leo L. Pipino, James D. Funk, and Richard Y. Wang All organizations today confront data quality problems, both systemic and structural. Neither ad hoc approaches nor fixes at the systems level — installing the latest software or developing an expensive data warehouse — solve the basic problem of bad data quality practices. Journey to Data Quality offers a roadmap that can be used by practitioners, executives, and students for planning and implementing a viable data and information quality management program. This practical guide, based on rigorous research and informed by real-world examples, describes the challenges of data management and provides the principles, strategies, tools, and techniques necessary to meet them. Yang W. Lee is Associate Professor at the Information, Operations, and Analysis Group in the College of Business Administration at Northeastern University. Leo L. Pipino is Professor Emeritus of Management Information Systems at the University of Massachusetts, Lowell. James D. Funk is Founder and Chief Information Architect at Beyond Accuracy, LLC. Richard Y. Wang is Director of the MIT Information Quality Program (MITIQ), Codirector of the Total Data Quality Management Program at MIT (MIT TDQM), and University Professor at the University of Arkansas at Little Rock, where the first master’s degree program in Information Quality has been established.

“These researchers have been at the forefront of understanding the impact and implication of the quality of data on organizations. These issues will continue to grow in importance as nontraditional forms of data are collected.” — Veda C. Storey, Tull Professor of Computer Information Systems, Georgia State University September — 6 x 9, 240 pp. — 41 illus. $18.00S/£13.95 paper 978-0-262-51335-7 cloth 2006 978-0-262-12287-0

Norman L. Cantor In this book, Norman Cantor analyzes the legal and moral status of people with profound mental disabilities — those with extreme cognitive impairments that prevent their exercise of medical self-determination. He proposes a legal and moral framework for surrogate medical decision making on their behalf. The issues Cantor explores will be of interest to professionals in law, medicine, psychology, philosophy, and ethics, as well as to parents, guardians, and health care providers who face perplexing issues in the context of surrogate medical decision making. The profoundly mentally disabled are thought by some moral philosophers to lack the minimum cognitive ability for personhood. Countering this position, Cantor advances both theoretical and practical arguments for according them full legal and moral status. He also argues that the concept of intrinsic human dignity should have an integral role in shaping the bounds of surrogate decision making. Thus, he claims, while profoundly mentally disabled persons are not entitled to make their own medical decisions, respect for intrinsic human dignity dictates their right to have a conscientious surrogate make medical decisions on their behalf. Norman L. Cantor is Professor of Law and Justice Nathan Jacobs Scholar at Rutgers University School of Law.

“When was the last time you opened a book and realized that what you were reading could actually help you to improve the lives of persons to whom you owe special care? Norman Cantor, a professor of law at Rutgers University, has written such a book.” — Patricia Backlar, New England Journal of Medicine September — 6 x 9, 320 pp. $18.00S/£13.95 paper 978-0-262-51327-2 cloth 2005 978-0-262-03331-2 Basic Bioethics series

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NOW IN PAPER bioethics/psychiatry

evolution/history of science/biology

HEALING PSYCHIATRY

FROM EMBRYOLOGY TO EVO-DEVO

Bridging the Science/Humanism Divide David H. Brendel foreword by T. M. Luhrmann

A History of Developmental Evolution edited by Manfred D. Laubichler and Jane Maienschein

Psychiatry today is torn by opposing sensibilities. Is it primarily a science of brain functioning or primarily an art of understanding the human mind in its social and cultural context? Competing conceptions of mental illness as amenable to scientific explanation or as deeply complex and beyond the reach of empirical study have left the field conceptually divided between science and humanism. In Healing Psychiatry, David Brendel takes a novel approach to this stubborn problem. Drawing on the classical American pragmatism of Charles Sanders Peirce, William James, and John Dewey, as well as contemporary work of pragmatic bioethicists, Brendel proposes a “clinical pragmatism” that synthesizes scientific and humanistic approaches to mental health care. Psychiatry, he argues, must integrate scientific and humanistic models by emphasizing the practical, pluralistic, participatory, and provisional aspects of clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Although we now know that ontogeny (individual development) does not actually recapitulate phylogeny (evolutionary transformation), contrary to Ernst Haeckel’s famous dictum, the relationship between embryological development and evolution remains the subject of intense scientific interest. In the 1990s a new field, evolutionary developmental biology (or EvoDevo), was hailed as the synthesis of developmental and evolutionary biology. In From Embryology to EvoDevo, historians, philosophers, sociologists, and biologists offer diverse perspectives on the history of efforts to understand the links between development and evolution. After examining events in the history of early twentieth-century embryology and developmental genetics, the contributors explore additional topics ranging from the history of comparative embryology in America to a philosophical-historical analysis of different research styles. Finally, three major figures in theoretical biology — Brian Hall, Gerd Müller, and Günter Wagner — reflect on the past and future of Evo-Devo, particularly on the interdisciplinary nature of the field. The sum is an exciting interdisciplinary exploration of developmental evolution.

David H. Brendel is Assistant Professor of Psychiatry at Harvard Medical School, Deputy Editor of the Harvard Review of Psychiatry, and Associate Director of the Psychiatry Residency Program at Massachusetts General and McLean hospitals.

“The approach throughout is thoughtful, well-reasoned, and persuasive. Psychiatrists, psychoanalysts, and all mental health professionals will find it informative and challenging.” — W.W. Meissner, Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic “Any mental health worker would do well to read this book and take note of its main theme — patients come before theory.” — Ian D. Jakobi, Journal of Mental Health September — 6 x 9, 200 pp. $14.00S/£10.95 paper 978-0-262-51325-8 cloth 2006 978-0-262-02594-2 Basic Bioethics series

Manfred D. Laubichler is Professor in the School of Life Sciences at Arizona State University. Jane Maienschein is Regents’ Professor and Parents Association Professor in the School of Life Sciences and Director of the Center of Biology and Society at Arizona State University. Choice Outstanding Academic Title, 2007

“The essays represent a broad range of approaches and analyses from scholars working in perhaps the most exciting area of research in the history and philosophy of biology.” — Mark E. Borrello, Journal of the History of Biology September — 6 x 9, 584 pp. — 63 illus. $29.00S/£21.95 paper 978-0-262-51334-0 cloth 2007 978-0-262-12283-2 Dibner Institute Studies in the History of Science and Technology

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NOW IN PAPER evolution/biology/complex systems

evolution/philosophy/biology

MODULARITY

BIOLOGICAL EMERGENCES

Understanding the Development and Evolution of Natural Complex Systems edited by Werner Callebaut and Diego Rasskin-Gutman foreword by Herbert A. Simon

Evolution by Natural Experiment Robert G. B. Reid

Modularity — the attempt to understand systems as integrations of partially independent and interacting units — is today a dominant theme in the life sciences, cognitive science, and computer science. The concept goes back at least implicitly to the Scientific (or Copernican) Revolution, and can be found behind later theories of phrenology, physiology, and genetics; moreover, art, engineering, and mathematics rely on modular design principles. This collection broadens the scientific discussion of modularity by bringing together experts from a variety of disciplines, including artificial life, cognitive science, economics, evolutionary computation, developmental and evolutionary biology, linguistics, mathematics, morphology, paleontology, physics, theoretical chemistry, philosophy, and the arts. The contributors debate and compare the uses of modularity, discussing the different disciplinary contexts of “modular thinking” in general or of more specialized concepts; what modules are, why and how they develop and evolve, and the implication for the research agenda in the disciplines involved; and how to bring about useful cross-disciplinary knowledge transfer on the topic. Werner Callebaut is Scientific Manager of the Konrad Lorenz Institute for Evolution and Cognition Research, Vienna, and Professor of Philosophy at Limburg University, Belgium. Diego Rasskin-Gutman is Ramón y Cajal Research Associate and Head of the Theoretical Biology Research Group at the Institute Cavanilles for Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, University of Valencia, Spain.

Natural selection is commonly interpreted as the fundamental mechanism of evolution. Questions about how selection theory can claim to be the all-sufficient explanation of evolution often go unanswered by today’s neo-Darwinists, perhaps for fear that any criticism of the evolutionary paradigm will encourage creationists and proponents of intelligent design. In Biological Emergences, Robert Reid argues that natural selection is not the cause of evolution. He writes that the causes of variations, which he refers to as natural experiments, are independent of natural selection; indeed, he suggests, natural selection may get in the way of evolution. Reid proposes an alternative theory to explain how emergent novelties are generated and under what conditions they can overcome the resistance of natural selection. He suggests that what causes innovative variation causes evolution, and that these phenomena are environmental as well as organismal. The late Robert G. B. Reid was Emeritus Professor of Biology at the University of Victoria, British Columbia and the author of Evolutionary Theory: The Unfinished Synthesis.

“The author’s strong opinions about evolutionary processes are refreshing and thought provoking, his rigorous criticism of the neo-Darwinian theory of evolution reminds us of the necessity to explicitly recognize the theory’s assumptions, and his excellent command of the literature is a sobering and timely reminder that many new theories are often well forgotten ideas of the past with a rich and fascinating history.” — Alexander V. Badyaev, Acta Biotheoretica September — 7 x 9, 536 pp.

“The volume is a great read; the content of each chapter provides definitions, examples, and analysis so that the implications of ‘modular thinking’ are profound.” — Marvalee H. Wake, Quarterly Review of Biology September — 7 x 9, 472 pp. — 81 illus. $29.00S/£21.95 paper 978-0-262-51326-5 cloth 2005 978-0-262-03326-8 Vienna Series in Theoretical Biology

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$20.00S/£14.95 paper 978-0-262-51340-1 cloth 2007 978-0-262-18257-7 Vienna Series in Theoretical Biology

NOW IN PAPER philosophy

philosophy

RELATIVISM AND THE FOUNDATIONS OF PHILOSOPHY

AUSTERE REALISM

Steven D. Hales The grand and sweeping claims of many relativists might seem to amount to the argument that everything is relative — except the thesis of relativism. In this book, Steven Hales defends relativism, but in a more circumscribed form that applies specifically to philosophical propositions. His claim is that philosophical propositions are relatively true — true in some perspectives and false in others. Hales defends this argument first by examining rational intuition as the method by which philosophers come to have the beliefs they do. Analytic rationalism, he claims, has a foundational reliance on rational intuition as a method of acquiring basic beliefs. He then argues that there are other methods that people use to gain beliefs about philosophical topics that are strikingly analogous to rational intuition and examines two of these: Christian revelation and the ritual use of hallucinogens. Hales argues that rational intuition is not epistemically superior to either of these alternative methods. Hales’s somewhat disturbing conclusion — that intuition-driven philosophy does produce knowledge, but not absolute knowledge — is sure to inspire debate among philosophers. Steven D. Hales is Professor of Philosophy at Bloomsburg University.

“This interesting book is chock full of arguments on a wide range of important topics in logic, epistemology, the philosophy of science, metaphysics, and metaphilosophy. . . . The arguments are invariably provocative and are presented with admirable clarity and verve.” — Andrew D. Cling, Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews “Hales has written an original and stimulating book whose conclusions will challenge deep-seated orthodoxies and provoke strong reactions.” — Maria Baghramian, School of Philosophy, University College Dublin September — 6 x 9, 232 pp. $19.00S/£14.95 paper 978-0-262-51330-2 cloth 2006 978-0-262-08353-9

Contextual Semantics Meets Minimal Ontology Terence E. Horgan and Matjaˇz Potrˇc The authors of Austere Realism describe and defend a provocative ontological-cum-semantic position, asserting that the right ontology is minimal or austere, in that it excludes numerous commonsense posits, and that statements employing such posits are nonetheless true, when truth is understood to be semantic correctness under contextually operative semantic standards. Terence Horgan and Matjaˇz Potrˇc argue that austere realism emerges naturally from consideration of the deep problems within the naive commonsense approach to truth and ontology. They offer an account of truth that confronts these deep internal problems and is independently plausible: contextual semantics, which asserts that truth is semantically correct affirmability. Under contextual semantics, much ordinary and scientific thought and discourse is true because its truth is indirect correspondence to the world. Horgan and Potrˇc advance a specific austere ontology they call “blobjectivism” — the view that the right ontology includes only one concrete particular, the entire cosmos (“the blobject”), which, although it has enormous local spatiotemporal variability, does not have any proper parts. Austere Realism will generate lively debate among scholars in metaphysics, ontology, and philosophy. Terence E. Horgan is Professor of Philosophy at the University of Arizona. Matjaˇz Potrˇc is Professor of Philosophy at the University of Ljubljana.

“Though Horgan and Potrˇc’s ontological conclusions are radical, their reasoning is impeccable and comes with a good dose of reflection on the best way of choosing an ontology. This book is an important contribution to the growing literature in metametaphysics.” — Josh Parsons, Philosophy Department, Otago University September — 6 x 9, 232 pp. — 1 illus. $16.00S/£11.95 paper 978-0-262-51333-3 cloth 2008 978-0-262-08376-8 Representation and Mind series A Bradford Book

59

NOW IN PAPER philosophy/linguistics

philosophy/linguistics

DE LINGUA BELIEF

VERITAS

Robert Fiengo and Robert May

The Correspondence Theory and Its Critics Gerald Vision

Speakers, in their everyday conversations, use language to talk about language. They may wonder about what words mean, to whom a name refers, whether a sentence is true. They may worry whether they have been clear, or correctly expressed what they meant to say. That speakers can make such inquiries implies a degree of access to the complex array of knowledge and skills underlying our ability to speak, and though this access is incomplete, we nevertheless can form on this basis beliefs about linguistic matters of considerable subtlety, about ourselves and others. It is beliefs of this sort — de lingua beliefs — that Robert Fiengo and Robert May explore in this book. Fiengo and May focus on the beliefs speakers have about the semantic values of linguistic expressions, exploring the genesis of these beliefs and the explanatory roles they play in how speakers use and understand language. Their key insight is that the content of beliefs about semantic values can be taken as part of what we say by our utterances. This has direct consequences, examined in detail by Fiengo and May, for explaining the informativeness of identity statements and the possibilities for substitution in attributions of propositional attitudes, cases in which speakers’ beliefs about coreference play a central role. Robert Fiengo is Professor of Linguistics at Queens College and The Graduate Center, City University of New York. Robert May is Professor in the Department of Philosophy at the University of California, Davis. Fiengo and May are the authors of Indices and Identity (MIT Press, 1994).

“This superb book takes on some of the hardest and longeststanding problems in the philosophy of language.” — Michael Glanzberg, Department of Philosophy, University of California, Davis September — 6 x 9, 192 pp. $16.00S/£11.95 paper 978-0-262-51329-6 cloth 2006 978-0-262-06257-2 A Bradford Book

In Veritas, Gerald Vision defends the correspondence theory of truth — the theory that truth has a direct relationship to reality — against recent attacks, and critically examines its most influential alternatives. The correspondence theory, if successful, explains one way in which we are cognitively connected to the world; thus, it is claimed, truth — while relevant to semantics, epistemology, and other studies — also has significant metaphysical consequences. Although the correspondence theory is widely held today, Vision points to an emerging orthodoxy in philosophy that claims that truth as such carries no significant weight in philosophical explanations. He devotes much of the book to a criticism of that outlook and to a less vulnerable formulation of the correspondence theory. Vision defends the correspondence theory by both presenting evidence for correspondence and examining the claims made by such alternative theories as deflationism, minimalism, and pluralism. The techniques of the argument are thoroughly analytic, but the problem confronted is broadly humanistic. The question examined — how we, as thinking beings, are connected to and manage to cope in a world that was not designed for our comfort or convenience — is more likely to be raised by continentalists, but is approached here with the tools of clarity and precision more highly prized in analytic philosophy. The book provides a rigorous but largely nontechnical treatment of the topic that will be of interest not only to readers familiar with philosophy but also to those with a background in literary theory and linguistics. Gerald Vision is Professor of Philosophy at Temple University.

“This book is essential reading for those interested in current philosophical debates about truth. Vision lays down the gauntlet against deflationism.” — Terence E. Horgan, University of Arizona September — 6 x 9, 320 pp. — 2 illus. $19.00S/£14.95 paper 978-0-262-51349-4 cloth 2004 978-0-262-22070-5

60

A Bradford Book

NOW IN PAPER linguistics/cognitive science

cognitive science

THE COMPUTATIONAL NATURE OF LANGUAGE LEARNING AND EVOLUTION

DISORDERS OF VOLITION

Partha Niyogi The nature of the interplay between language learning and the evolution of a language over generational time is subtle. We can observe the learning of language by children and marvel at the phenomenon of language acquisition; the evolution of a language, however, is not so directly experienced. Language learning by children is robust and reliable, but it cann ot be perfect or languages would never change — and English, for example, would not have evolved from the language of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicles. In this book Partha Niyogi introduces a framework for analyzing the precise nature of the relationship between learning by the individual and evolution of the population. Niyogi investigates the roles of natural selection, communicative efficiency, and learning in the origin and evolution of language — in particular, whether natural selection is necessary for the emergence of shared languages. Over the years, historical linguists have postulated several accounts of documented language change. Additionally, biologists have postulated accounts of the evolution of communication systems in the animal world. This book creates a mathematical and computational framework within which to embed those accounts, offering a research tool to aid analysis in an area in which data is often sparse and speculation often plentiful.

edited by Natalie Sebanz and Wolfgang Prinz Science tries to understand human action from two perspectives, the cognitive and the volitional. The volitional approach, in contrast to the more dominant “outside-in” studies of cognition, looks at actions from the inside out, examining how actions are formed and informed by internal conditions. In Disorders of Volition, scholars from a range of disciplines seek to advance our understanding of the processes supporting voluntary action by addressing conditions in which the will is impaired. Philosophers, psychologists, neuroscientists, and psychiatrists examine the will and its pathologies from both theoretical and empirical perspectives, offering a conceptual overview and discussing specific neurological and psychiatric conditions as disorders of volition. After presenting different conceptual frameworks that identify agency, decision making, and goal pursuit as central components of volition, the book examines how impairments in these and other aspects of volition manifest themselves in schizophrenia, depression, prefrontal lobe damage, and substance abuse.

Partha Niyogi is Professor of Computer Science and Statistics at the University of Chicago.

CONTRIBUTORS George Ainslie, Tim Bayne, Antoine Bechara, Paul W. Burgess, Anna-Lisa Cohen, Daniel Dennett, Stéphanie Dubal, Philippe Fossati, Chris Frith, Sam J. Gilbert, Peter Gollwitzer, Jordan Grafman, Patrick Haggard, Jay G. Hull, Marc Jeannerod, Roland Jouvent, Frank Krueger, Neil Levy, Peter F. Liddle, Kristen L. Mackiewicz, Thomas Metzinger, Jack B. Nitschke, Jiro Okuda, Adrian M. Owen, Chris Parry, Wolfgang Prinz, Joëlle Proust, Michael A. Sayette, Werner X. Schneider, Natalie Sebanz, Jon S. Simons, Laurie B. Slone, Sean A. Spence

“A thoughtful and original analysis of important problems in the history, evolution, and acquisition of language.” — Steven Pinker, Johnstone Professor of Psychology, Harvard University, author of The Blank Slate

Natalie Sebanz is Associate Professor at Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour at Radboud University Nijmegan, the Netherlands. Wolfgang Prinz is Director of the Cognition and Action Research Unit at Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences in Leipzig.

September — 7 x 9, 504 pp. — 54 illus.

September — 7 x 9, 504 pp. — 53 illus., 8-page color insert

$22.00S/£16.95 paper 978-0-262-51339-5

$26.00S/£19.95 paper 978-0-262-51342-5

cloth 2006 978-0-262-14094-2

cloth 2006 978-0-262-19540-9

Current Studies in Linguistics 43

61

NOW IN PAPER cognitive neuroscience

cognitive neuroscience

INNER PRESENCE

METHODS IN MIND

Consciousness as a Biological Phenomenon Antti Revonsuo

edited by Carl Senior, Tamara Russell, and Michael S. Gazzaniga

The question of consciousness is perhaps the most significant problem still unsolved by science. In Inner Presence, Antti Revonsuo proposes a novel approach to the study of consciousness that integrates findings from philosophy, psychology, and cognitive neuroscience into a coherent theoretical framework. Arguing that any fruitful scientific approach to the problem must consider both the subjective psychological reality of consciousness and the objective neurobiological reality, Revonsuo proposes that the best strategy for discovering the connection between these two realities is one of “biological realism,” using tools of the empirical biological sciences. This approach, which he calls the “biological research program,” provides a theoretical and philosophical foundation that contemporary study of consciousness lacks. Antti Revonsuo is Professor of Cognitive Neurocience in the School of Humanities and Informatics at the University of Skövde, Sweden, and Professor of Psychology at the Center for Cognitive Neuroscience at the University of Turku, Finland.

“Revonsuo steers an important and interesting path through a variety of theoretical and methodological considerations from different domains and does so with a clarity that makes such considerations interdisciplinarily accessible.” — Arnon Cahen, Quarterly Review of Biology “By integrating the philosophy, psychology, and biology of consciousness, and by including dreaming consciousness within its purview, Inner Presence distinguishes itself from other fine books on the subject.” — David Kahn, Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School September — 7 x 9, 504 pp. — 30 illus. $28.00S/£20.95 paper 978-0-262-51341-8 cloth 2005 978-0-262-18249-2

The evolution of cognitive neuroscience has been spurred by the development of increasingly sophisticated investigative techniques to study human cognition. In Methods in Mind, experts examine the wide variety of tools available to cognitive neuroscientists, paying particular attention to the ways in which different methods can be integrated to strengthen empirical findings and how innovative uses for established techniques can be developed. The book will be a uniquely valuable resource for the researcher seeking to expand his or her repertoire of investigative techniques. Each chapter explores a different approach. These include transcranial magnetic stimulation, cognitive neuropsychiatry, lesion studies in nonhuman primates, computational modeling, psychophysiology, single neurons and primate behavior, grid computing, eye movements, fMRI, electroencephalography, imaging genetics, magnetoencephalography, neuropharmacology, and neuroendocrinology. Chapters highlight such cross-method innovations as the use of the fMRI signal to constrain magnetoencephalography and the successful integration of neuroimaging and genetic analysis. Computational approaches depend on increased computing power, and one chapter describes the use of distributed or grid computing to analyze massive datasets in cyberspace. Carl Senior is University Lecturer in Psychology and a member of the Neurosciences Research Institute at Aston University, Birmingham, U.K. Tamara Russell is Royal Society and Neurosciences Institute for Schizophrenia and Allied Disorders Visiting Fellow at the Macquarie Centre for Cognitive Science, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia. Michael S. Gazzaniga is Professor of Psychology and Director for the SAGE Center for the Study of Mind at the University of California, Santa Barbara. He is editor-in-chief of The Cognitive Neurosciences (fourth edition, MIT Press, 2009). September — 7 x 9, 400 pp. — 18 color illus., 62 black & white illus. $29.00S/£21.95 paper 978-0-262-51343-2 cloth 2006 978-0-262-19541-6 Cognitive Neuroscience series

62

NOW IN PAPER neuroscience

vision science/neuroscience

EXPLORING THE THALAMUS AND ITS ROLE IN CORTICAL FUNCTION

LAWS OF SEEING

Second Edition

S. Murray Sherman and R. W. Guillery The thalamus plays a critical role in perceptual processing, but many questions remain about what thalamic activities contribute to sensory and motor functions. In this book, two pioneers in research on the thalamus examine the close two-way relationships between the thalamus and cerebral cortex and look at the distinctive functions of the links between the thalamus and the rest of the brain. Countering the dominant “corticocentric” approach to understanding the cerebral cortex — which does not recognize that all neocortical areas receive important inputs from the thalamus and send outputs to lower motor centers — S. Murray Sherman and R. W. Guillery argue for a reappraisal of the way we think about the cortex and its interactions with the rest of the brain. This second edition further develops the distinctions among the functional categories critical to understanding thalamic functions, with expanded emphasis throughout the book on the role of the thalamus in cortical function. An important new chapter suggests a structural basis for linking perception and action, supplying supporting evidence for a link often overlooked in current views of perceptual processing. S. Murray Sherman is Maurice Goldblatt Professor and Chairman of the Department of Neurobiology at the University of Chicago. R. W. Guillery is Emeritus Professor in the Department of Anatomy at the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and at the University of Oxford and a fellow of University College London.

“This volume serves as an excellent gateway into understanding the form and function of the thalamus as gatekeeper.” — Warren M. Grill, Quarterly Review of Biology September — 7 x 9, 512 pp. — 101 illus. $34.00S/£25.95 paper 978-0-262-51344-9 cloth 2005 978-0-262-19532-4

Wolfgang Metzger translated by Lothar Spillman This classic 1936 work in vision science, written by a leading figure in Germany’s Gestalt movement in psychology and appearing in English for the first time, addresses topics that remain of major interest to vision researchers today. Wolfgang Metzger’s main argument, drawn from Gestalt theory, is that the objects we perceive in visual experience are not the objects themselves but perceptual effigies of those objects constructed by our brain according to natural rules. Gestalt concepts are currently being increasingly integrated into mainstream neuroscience by researchers proposing network processing beyond the classical receptive field. Metzger’s discussion of such topics as ambiguous figures, hidden forms, camouflage, shadows and depth, and three-dimensional representations in paintings will interest anyone working in the field of vision and perception, including psychologists, biologists, neurophysiologists, and researchers in computational vision — and artists, designers, and philosophers. Wolfgang Metzger (1899–1979) was a central figure in the Gestalt movement within psychology in Germany. Lothar Spillman was Professor and Researcher at the Brain Research Unit in Freiburg, Germany, before his retirement. He is the coeditor of Visual Perception: The Neurophysiological Foundations and Sensory Experience, Adaptation, and Perception.

“An excellent book, with a wealth of inspiring demonstrations and insights. The translators must be thanked for making it available to the English-speaking world.” — Arni Kristjánson, Perception “This is a classic work in the Gestalt tradition of visual perception, and many of the issues Metzger touched upon continue to be major themes in current research. The translation is very well done.” — Pawan Sinha, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, MIT September — 6 x 9, 232 pp. — 194 illus. $25.00S/£18.95 paper 978-0-262-51336-4 cloth 2006 978-0-262-13467-5

63

NOW IN PAPER economics/finance

economics/finance/business

MONETARY POLICY STRATEGY

FINANCING INNOVATION IN THE UNITED STATES, 1870 TO THE PRESENT

Frederic S. Mishkin This book by a leading authority on monetary policy offers a unique view of the subject from the perspectives of both scholar and practitioner. Frederic Mishkin is not only an academic expert in the field but also has been a high-level policymaker. He is especially well positioned to discuss the changes in the conduct of monetary policy in recent years, in particular the turn to inflation targeting. Monetary Policy Strategy describes his work over the last ten years, offering published papers, new introductory material, and a summing up, “Everything You Wanted to Know about Monetary Policy Strategy, But Were Afraid to Ask,” which reflects on what we have learned about monetary policy over the last thirty years. Frederic S. Mishkin is the Alfred Lerner Professor of Banking and Financial Institutions at the Graduate School of Business, Columbia University (on leave), a research associate at the National Bureau of Economic Research (on leave), and after finishing this book was appointed a member of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. He is the author of many books.

“This is the book to read if you want to understand where monetary policy is heading, and why.” — Stanley Fischer, Governor, Bank of Israel “A splendid tour of the field for anyone seeking either a review or an introduction. And having these papers collected in one volume, to consult as the need arises, is a boon for up-to-date specialists as well.” — Benjamin M. Friedman, William Joseph Maier Professor of Political Economy, Harvard University September — 7 x 9, 560 pp.— 104 illus. $25.00S/£18.95 paper 978-0-262-51337-1 cloth 2007 978-0-262-13482-8

edited by Naomi R. Lamoreaux and Kenneth L. Sokoloff foreword by William Janeway Although technological change is vital for economic growth, the interaction of finance and technological innovation is rarely studied. This pioneering volume examines the ways in which innovation is funded in the United States. In case studies and theoretical discussions, leading economists and economic historians analyze how inventors and technologically creative entrepreneurs have raised funds for their projects at different stages of U.S. economic development, beginning with the post–Civil War period of the Second Industrial Revolution. Their discussions point to intriguing insights about how the nature of the technology may influence its financing and, conversely, how the availability of funds influences technological advances. Naomi R. Lamoreaux is Professor in the Departments of Economics and History at the University of California, Los Angeles. The late Kenneth L. Sokoloff was Professor of Economics at the University of California, Los Angeles, and Vice President of the Economic History Association. William Janeway is Vice Chairman of Warburg Pincus and a member of the Board of Directors of the Social Science Research Council.

“A marvelous exploration of the central strength of capitalism: its unique ability to foster successful innovation over the long term. Read this book if you want to understand how Americans have financed innovation and promoted growth over the past two centuries.” — Louis Galambos, Professor of Economic and Business History, Johns Hopkins University September — 6 x 9, 520 pp. —56 illus. $24.00S/£17.95 paper 978-0-262-51332-6 cloth 2007 978-0-262-12289-4

64

NOW IN PAPER economics

economics

GLOBALIZATION AND THE POOR PERIPHERY BEFORE 1950

CONFRONTING INCOME INEQUALITY IN JAPAN

Jeffrey G. Williamson

A Comparative Analysis of Causes, Consequences, and Reform Toshiaki Tachibanaki

In Globalization and the Poor Periphery before 1950 Jeffrey Williamson examines globalization through the lens of both the economist and the historian, analyzing its economic impact on industrially lagging poor countries in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Williamson argues that industrialization in the core countries of northwest Europe and their overseas settlements, combined with a worldwide revolution in transportation, created an antiglobal backlash in the periphery, the poorer countries of eastern and southern Europe, the Middle East, Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Jeffrey G. Williamson is Laird Bell Professor of Economics at Harvard University. He is the coauthor (with Kevin O’Rourke) of Globalization and History: The Evolution of a Nineteenth Century Atlantic Economy (MIT Press, 1999) and (with Timothy J. Hatton) Global Migration and the World Economy (MIT Press, 2005).

“This highly original volume by a leading economic historian provides an excellent analysis of global trends and the impact of globalization on the periphery until 1950. The questions it raises can provide an attractive research agenda in years to come.” — Sevket Pamuk, EH.Net “A pathbreaking book that is essential reading for students of world economic history.” — Alan M. Taylor, Professor of Economics and Chancellor’s Fellow, University of California, Davis September — 5 3/8 x 8, 208 pp. — 19 illus. $15.00S/£11.95 paper 978-0-262-51350-0 cloth 2006 978-0-262-23250-0 Ohlin Lectures series

Contrary to general belief, and to Japan’s own selfimage, inequality of income and wealth distribution in Japan has grown in the past two decades. In this wellwritten and accessible book, Toshiaki Tachibanaki analyzes the movement toward more income inequality in Japan and offers policy recommendations to counter the trend. Tachibanaki, Japan’s leading expert on income distribution, draws on new statistical data covering wealth, inheritance, farm and business holdings, salary, and other relevant factors, to demonstrate that Japan can no longer be thought of as a “90 percent middle-class society.” The book, updated and substantially expanded from Tachibanaki’s 1998 Japanese bestseller, discusses the history and the causes of Japan’s increasing income inequality and analyzes the effect on wealth distribution of intergenerational transfer. Employing cross-national comparisons to the United States and Europe throughout, Confronting Income Inequality in Japan examines the contrast between equality of opportunity and equality of outcome, evaluates equality of opportunity in terms of education and occupation, analyzes the relationship between income distribution and income growth, discusses the role of hierarchical positions in organizations, and considers the differences between welfare states and nonwelfare states. Toshiaki Tachibanaki is Professor of Economics at Kyoto University and Director of the Millennium Project on Aging at the Economic Planning Agency in Japan.

“The book is a significant contribution to the literature on the Japanese economy. There is no other book-length, English-language treatment of inequality in Japan.” — Dale W. Jorgenson, Samuel W Morris University Professor, Harvard University September — 6 x 9, 248 pp. — 11 illus. $16.00S/£11.95 paper 978-0-262-51345-6 cloth 2005 978-0-262-20158-2

65

PROFESSIONAL computer science

INTRODUCTION TO ALGORITHMS Thomas H. Cormen, Charles E. Leiserson, Ronald L. Rivest, and Clifford Stein A new edition of the essential text and professional reference, with substantial new material on such topics as vEB trees, dynamic programming, and edge-base flow.

September 8 x 9, 1332 pp. $87.00S/£64.95 cloth 978-0-262-03384-8 $64.00S/£39.95 ISE 978-0-262-53305-8 International Student Edition not available in the USA or Canada

Third Edition

Some books on algorithms are rigorous but incomplete; others cover masses of material but lack rigor. Introduction to Algorithms uniquely combines rigor and comprehensiveness. The book covers a broad range of algorithms in depth, yet makes their design and analysis accessible to all levels of readers. Each chapter is relatively self-contained and can be used as a unit of study. The algorithms are described in English and in a pseudocode designed to be readable by anyone who has done a little programming. The explanations have been kept elementary without sacrificing depth of coverage or mathematical rigor. The first edition became a widely used text in universities worldwide as well as the standard reference for professionals. The second edition featured new chapters on the role of algorithms, probabilistic analysis and randomized algorithms, and linear programming. The third edition has been revised and updated throughout. It includes two completely new chapters, on van Emde Boas trees and multithreaded algorithms, substantial additions to the chapter on recurrence (now called “Divide-and-Conquer”), and an appendix on matrices. It features improved treatment of dynamic programming and greedy algorithms and a new notion of edge-based flow in the material on flow networks. Many new exercises and problems have been added for this edition. As of the third edition, this textbook is published exclusively by the MIT Press. Thomas Cormen is Professor of Computer Science at Dartmouth College. Charles Leiserson is Professor of Computer Science and Engineering at MIT. Ronald L. Rivest is Andrew and Erna Viterbi Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at MIT. Clifford Stein is Professor of Industrial Engineering and Operations Research at Columbia University.

66

PROFESSIONAL computer science

computer science

METAMODELING FOR METHOD ENGINEERING

THE SCHEME PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE

edited by Manfred A. Jeusfeld, Matthias Jarke, and John Mylopoulos

Fourth Edition

This text is a guide to the foundations of method engineering, a developing field concerned with the definition of techniques for designing software systems. The approach is based on metamodeling, the construction of a model about a collection of other models. The book applies the metamodeling approach in five case studies, each describing a solution to a problem in a specific domain. Suitable for classroom use, the book is also useful as a reference for practitioners. The book first presents the theoretical basis of metamodeling for method engineering, discussing information modeling, the potential of metamodeling for software systems development, and the introduction of the metamodeling tool ConceptBase. The second, and larger, portion of the book reports on applications of the metamodeling approach to method engineering. These detailed case studies range from telecommunication service specification, hypermedia design, and data warehousing to cooperative requirements engineering, chemical device modeling, and design of new abstraction principles of modeling languages. Although these chapters can stand alone as case studies, they also relate to the earlier theoretical chapters. The metamodeling approach described in the book is based on the Telos metamodeling language implemented by the ConceptBase system. An accompanying CD-ROM contains the ConceptBase system and a large collection of Telos metamodels discussed in the text. The CD-ROM enables readers to start directly with method engineering, from small method chunks up to complete method definitions. The complete definition of Ed Yourdon’s structured analysis method is included as an instructional example.

Scheme is a general-purpose programming language, descended from Algol and Lisp, widely used in computing education and research and a broad range of industrial applications. This thoroughly updated edition of The Scheme Programming Language provides an introduction to Scheme and a definitive reference for standard Scheme, presented in a clear and concise manner. Written for professionals and students with some prior programming experience, it begins by leading the programmer gently through the basics of Scheme and continues with an introduction to some of the more advanced features of the language. The fourth edition has been substantially revised and expanded to bring the content up to date with the current Scheme standard, the Revised6 Report on Scheme. All parts of the book were updated and three new chapters were added, covering the language’s new library, exception handling, and record-definition features. The book offers three chapters of introductory material with numerous examples, eight chapters of reference material, and one chapter of extended examples and additional exercises. All of the examples can be entered directly from the keyboard into an interactive Scheme session. Answers to many of the exercises, a complete formal syntax of Scheme, and a summary of forms and procedures are provided in appendixes. The Scheme Programming Language is the only book available that serves both as an introductory text in a variety of courses and as an essential reference for Scheme programmers.

Manfred Jeusfeld is Assistant Professor of Information Systems and Management, Tilburg University, Netherlands. Matthias Jarke is Executive Director of the Fraunhofer Institute of Applied IT, Bonn, Germany. John Mylopoulos Professor in the Department of Computer Science at the University of Toronto and Distinguished Professor in the Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science at the University of Trento.

R. Kent Dybvig

R. Kent Dybvig is Professor of Computer Science at Indiana University and principal developer of Chez Scheme. September — 7 x 9, 512 pp. — 12 illus. $42.00S/£31.95 paper 978-0-262-51298-5

August — 7 x 9, 424 pp. — 154 illus. $55.00S/£40.95 cloth 978-0-262-10108-0 Cooperative Information Systems series

67

PROFESSIONAL computer science

computer science/machine learning

SEMANTICS ENGINEERING WITH PLT REDEX

PROBABILISTIC GRAPHICAL MODELS

Matthias Felleisen, Robert Bruce Findler, and Matthew Flatt This text is the first comprehensive presentation of reduction semantics in one volume; it also introduces the first reliable and easy-to-use tool set for such forms of semantics. Software engineers have long known that automatic tool support is critical for rapid prototyping and modeling, and this book is addressed to the working semantics engineer (graduate student or professional language designer). The book comes with a prototyping tool suite to develop, explore, test, debug, and publish semantic models of programming languages. With PLT Redex, semanticists can formulate models as grammars and reduction models on their computers with the ease of paper and pencil. The text first presents a framework for the formulation of language models, focusing on equational calculi and abstract machines, then introduces PLT Redex, a suite of software tools for expressing these models as PLT Redex models. Finally, experts describe a range of models formulated in Redex. PLT Redex comes with the PLT Scheme implementation, available free at http://www.plt-scheme.org. Readers can download the software and experiment with Redex as they work their way through the book. Matthias Felleisen, Robert Bruce Findler, and Matthew Flatt are the authors (with Shiram Krishnamurthi) of How to Design Programs: An Introduction to Programming and Computing, also published by the MIT Press. Felleisen is Trustee Professor of Computer Science at Northeastern University and the coauthor (with Daniel Friedman) of The Little Schemer and three other “Little” books published by the MIT Press. Findler is Assistant Professor of Computer Science at Northwestern University. Flatt is Associate Professor of Computer Science at the University of Utah. August — 7 x 9, 528 pp. — 36 illus. $45.00X/£33.95 cloth 978-0-262-06275-6

Principles and Techniques Daphne Koller and Nir Friedman Most tasks require a person or an automated system to reason — to reach conclusions based on available information. The framework of probabilistic graphical models, presented in this book, provides a general approach for this task. The approach is model-based, allowing interpretable models to be constructed and then manipulated by reasoning algorithms. These models can also be learned automatically from data, allowing the approach to be used in cases where manually constructing a model is difficult or even impossible. Because uncertainty is an inescapable aspect of most real-world applications, the book focuses on probabilistic models, which make the uncertainty explicit and provide models that are more faithful to reality. Probabilistic Graphical Models discusses a variety of models, spanning Bayesian networks, undirected Markov networks, discrete and continuous models, and extensions to deal with dynamical systems and relational data. For each class of models, the text describes the three fundamental cornerstones: representation, inference, and learning, presenting both basic concepts and advanced techniques. Finally, the book considers the use of the proposed framework for causal reasoning and decision making under uncertainty. The main text in each chapter provides the detailed technical development of the key ideas. Most chapters also include boxes with additional material: skill boxes, which describe techniques; case study boxes, which discuss empirical cases related to the approach described in the text, including applications in computer vision, robotics, natural language understanding, and computational biology; and concept boxes, which present significant concepts drawn from the material in the chapter. Instructors (and readers) can group chapters in various combinations, from core topics to more technically advanced material, to suit their particular needs. Daphne Koller is Professor in the Department of Computer Science at Stanford University. Nir Friedman is Professor in the Department of Computer Science and Engineering at Hebrew University. November — 8 x 9, 1208 pp. — 399 illus. $95.00X/£70.95 cloth 978-0-262-01319-2 Adaptive Computation and Machine Learning series

68

PROFESSIONAL software/autonomous agents

robotics

THE ART OF AGENT-ORIENTED MODELING

ROBOTICS

Leon S. Sterling and Kuldar Taveter Today, when computing is pervasive and deployed over a range of devices by a multiplicity of users, we need to develop computer software to interact with both the ever-increasing complexity of the technical world and the growing fluidity of social organizations. The Art of Agent-Oriented Modeling presents a new conceptual model for developing software systems that are open, intelligent, and adaptive. It describes an approach for modeling complex systems that consist of people, devices, and software agents in a changing environment (sometimes known as distributed sociotechnical systems). The authors take an agent-oriented view, as opposed to the more common object-oriented approach. Thinking in terms of agents (which they define as the human and man-made components of a system), they argue, can change the way people think of software and the tasks it can perform. The book offers an integrated and coherent set of concepts and models, presenting the models at three levels of abstraction corresponding to a motivation layer (where the purpose, goals, and requirements of the system are described), a design layer, and an implementation layer. It compares platforms by implementing the same models in four different languages; compares methodologies by using a common example; includes extensive case studies; and offers exercises suitable for either class use or independent study. Leon S. Sterling is Director of eResearch and Chair of Software Innovation and Engineering at the University of Melbourne. He is the coauthor of The Art of Prolog (second edition, MIT Press, 1994) and the editor of The Practice of Prolog (MIT Press, 1990). Kuldar Taveter is Professor and Chair of Software Engineering in the Department of Informatics at Tallinn University of Technology, Estonia. August — 7 x 9, 408 pp. — 141 illus. $38.00S/£28.95 cloth 978-0-262-01311-6 Intelligent Robotics and Autonomous Agents series

Science and Systems IV edited by Oliver Brock, Jeff Trinkle, and Fabio Ramos Robotics: Science and Systems IV spans a wide spectrum of robotics, bringing together researchers working on the foundations of robotics, robotics applications, and analysis of robotics systems. This volume presents the proceedings of the fourth annual Robotics: Science and Systems conference, held in 2008 at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich. The papers presented cover a range of topics, including computer vision, mapping, terrain identification, distributed systems, localization, manipulation, collision avoidance, multibody dynamics, obstacle detection, microrobotic systems, pursuit-evasion, grasping and manipulation, tracking, spatial kinematics, machine learning, and sensor networks as well as such applications as autonomous driving and design of manipulators for use in functionalMRI. The conference and its proceedings reflect not only the tremendous growth of robotics as a discipline but also the desire in the robotics community for a flagship event at which the best of the research in the field can be presented. Oliver Brock is Associate Professor of Computer Science at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst. Jeff Trinkle is Professor in the Department of Computer Science at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. Fabio Ramos is ARC Research Fellow at the Australian Centre for Field Robotics at the University of Sydney. August — 8 1/2 x 11, 336 pp. — 359 illus. $75.00S/£55.95 paper 978-0-262-51309-8

Also available ROBOTICS Science and Systems I edited by Sebastian Thrun, Gaurav S. Sukhatme, and Stefan Schaal 2005, 978-0-262-70114-3 $75.00S/£55.95 paper ROBOTICS Science and Systems II edited by Gaurav S. Sukhatme, Stefan Schaal, Wolfram Burgard, and Dieter Fox 2007, 978-0-262-69348-6 $75.00S/£55.95 paper ROBOTICS Science and Systems III edited by Wolfram Burgard, Oliver Brock, and Cyrill Stachniss 2008, 978-0-262-52484-1 $75.00S/£55.95 paper

69

PROFESSIONAL technology/children

HANGING OUT, MESSING AROUND, AND GEEKING OUT An examination of young people’s everyday new media practices — including video-game playing, text-messaging, digital media production, and social media use.

November 6 x 9, 432 pp. 10 illus. $35.00S/£25.95 cloth 978-0-262-01336-9 The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation Series on Digital Media and Learning

Kids Living and Learning with New Media Mizuko Ito Sonja Baumer, Matteo Bittanti, danah boyd, Rachel Cody, Becky Herr-Stephenson, Heather A. Horst, Patricia G. Lange, Dilan Mahendran, Katynka Z. Martínez, C. J. Pascoe, Dan Perkel, Laura Robinson, Christo Sims, Lisa Tripp with contributions by Judd Antin, Megan Finn, Arthur Law, Annie Manion, Sarai Mitnick, David Schlossberg, Sarita Yardi Conventional wisdom about young people’s use of digital technology often equates generational identity with technology identity: today's teens seem constantly plugged in to video games, social networking sites, and text messaging. Yet there is little actual research that investigates the intricate dynamics of youth's social and recreational use of digital media. Hanging Out, Messing Around, and Geeking Out fills this gap, reporting on an ambitious three-year ethnographic investigation into how young people are living and learning with new media in varied settings — at home, in after school programs, and in online spaces. By focusing on media practices in the everyday contexts of family and peer interaction, the book views the relationship of youth and new media not simply in terms of technology trends but situated within the broader structural conditions of childhood and the negotiations with adults that frame the experience of youth in the United States. Integrating twenty-three different case studies — which include Harry Potter podcasting, video-game playing, music-sharing, and online romantic breakups — in a unique collaborative authorship style, Hanging Out, Messing Around, and Geeking Out is distinctive for its combination of in-depth description of specific group dynamics with conceptual analysis. This book was written as a collaborative effort by members of the Digital Youth Project, a three-year research effort funded by the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation and conducted at the University of California, Berkeley, and the University of Southern California.

Now available in the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation Reports on Digital Media and Learning THE FUTURE OF LEARNING INSTITUTIONS IN A DIGITAL AGE Cathy N. Davidson and David Theo Goldberg with the assistance of Zoë Marie Jones 2009, 978-0-262-51359-3 $14.00S/£10.95 paper LIVING AND LEARNING WITH NEW MEDIA Summary of Findings from the Digital Youth Project Mizuko Ito, Heather Horst, Matteo Bittanti, danah boyd, Becky Herr-Stephenson, Patricia G. Lange, C. J. Pascoe, and Laura Robinson with Sonja Baumer, Rachel Cody, Dilan Mahendran, Katynka Z. Martínez, Dan Perkel, Christo Sims, and Lisa Tripp 2009, 978-0-262-51365-4 $14.00S/£10.95 paper

70

YOUNG PEOPLE, ETHICS, AND THE NEW DIGITAL MEDIA A Synthesis from the Good Play Project Carrie James with Katie Davis, Andrea Flores, John M. Francis, Lindsay Pettingill, Margaret Rundle, and Howard Gardner 2009, 978-0-262-51363-0 $14.00S/£10.95 paper CONFRONTING THE CHALLENGES OF PARTICIPATORY CULTURE Media Education for the 21st Century Henry Jenkins with Ravi Purushotma, Margaret Weigel, Katie Clinton, and Alice J. Robison 2009, 978-0-262-51362-3 $14.00S/£10.95 paper THE CIVIC POTENTIAL OF VIDEO GAMES Joseph Kahne, Ellen Middaugh, and Chris Evans 2009, 978-0-262-51360-9 $14.00S/£10.95 paper

PROFESSIONAL new media/music

information science

SONIC WARFARE

HUMAN INFORMATION RETRIEVAL

Sound, Affect, and the Ecology of Fear Steve Goodman

Julian Warner

Sound can be deployed to produce discomfort, express a threat, or create an ambience of fear or dread — to produce a bad vibe. Sonic weapons of this sort include the “psychoacoustic correction” aimed at Panama strongman Manuel Noriega by the U.S. Army and at the Branch Davidians in Waco by the FBI, sonic booms (or “sound bombs”) over the Gaza strip, and high frequency rat repellants used against teenagers in malls. At the same time, artists and musicians generate intense frequencies in the search for new aesthetic experiences and new ways of mobilizing bodies in rhythm. In Sonic Warfare, Steve Goodman explores these uses of acoustic force and how they affect populations. Most theoretical discussions of sound and music cultures in relationship to power, Goodman argues, have a missing dimension: the politics of frequency. Goodman supplies this by drawing a speculative diagram of sonic forces, investigating the deployment of sound systems in the modulation of affect. Traversing philosophy, science, fiction, aesthetics, and popular culture, he maps a (dis)continuum of vibrational force, encompassing police and military research into acoustic means of crowd control, the corporate deployment of sonic branding, and the intense sonic encounters of sound art and music culture. Goodman concludes with speculations on the not yet heard — the concept of unsound, which relates to both the peripheries of auditory perception and the unactualized nexus of rhythms and frequencies within audible bandwidths.

Information retrieval in the age of Internet search engines has become part of ordinary discourse and everyday practice: “Google” is a verb in common usage. Thus far, more attention has been given to practical understanding of information retrieval than to a full theoretical account. In Human Information Retrieval, Julian Warner offers a comprehensive overview of information retrieval, synthesizing theories from different disciplines (information and computer science, librarianship and indexing, and information society discourse) and incorporating such disparate systems as WorldCat and Google into a single, robust theoretical framework. There is a need for such a theoretical treatment, he argues, one that reveals the structure and underlying patterns of this complex field while remaining congruent with everyday practice. Warner presents a labor theoretic approach to information retrieval, building on his previously formulated distinction between semantic and syntactic mental labor, arguing that the description and search labor of information retrieval can be understood as both semantic and syntactic in character. Warner’s information science approach is rooted in the humanities and the social sciences but informed by an understanding of information technology and information theory. The chapters offer a progressive exposition of the topic, with illustrative examples to explain the concepts presented. Neither narrowly practical nor largely speculative, Human Information Retrieval meets the contemporary need for a broader treatment of information and information systems.

Steve Goodman is a Lecturer in Music Culture at the School of Sciences, Media, and Cultural Studies at the University of East London, a member of the CCRU (Cybernetic Culture Research Unit), the founder of the record label Hyperdub. He produces bass-driven electronic music under the name kode9 and is also a member of the sound art collective Audint.

Julian Warner is on the faculty of the Queen’s School of Management at Queen’s University, Belfast. He is the author of Humanizing Information Technology, Information, Knowledge, Text, and From Writing to Computers.

December — 7 x 9, 240 pp. — 1 illus.

$35.00S/£25.95 cloth 978-0-262-01344-4

$35.00S/£25.95 cloth 978-0-262-01347-5

History and Foundations of Information Science series

November — 6 x 9, 200 pp. — 19 illus.

Technologies of Lived Abstraction series

71

PROFESSIONAL history of technology/business history/biography

ENGINEERING INVENTION The technological breakthroughs and entrepreneurial adventures of Frank J. Sprague during the transformative years of the early electrical industry.

November 5 3/8 x 8, 304 pp. 22 illus. $30.00S/£22.95 cloth 978-0-262-04256-7

Frank J. Sprague and the U.S. Electrical Industry Frederick Dalzell foreword by W. Bernard Carlson afterword by John Sprague Over the course of a little less than twenty years, inventor Frank J. Sprague (1857–1934) achieved an astonishing series of technological breakthroughs — from pioneering work in self-governing motors to developing the first full-scale operational electric railway system — all while commercializing his inventions and promoting them (and himself as their inventor) to financial backers and the public. In Engineering Invention, Frederick Dalzell tells Sprague’s story, setting it against the backdrop of one of the most dynamic periods in the history of technology. In a burst of innovation during these years, Sprague and his contemporaries — Thomas Edison, Nicolas Tesla, Elmer Sperry, George Westinghouse, and others — transformed the technologies of electricity and reshaped modern life. After working briefly for Edison, Sprague started the Sprague Electric Railway and Motor Company; designed and built an electric railroad system for Richmond, Virginia; sold his company to Edison and went into the field of electric elevators; almost accidentally discovered a multiple-control system that could equip electric train systems for mass transit; started a third company to commercialize this; then sold this company to Edison and retired (temporarily). Throughout his career, Dalzell tells us, Sprague framed technology as invention, cast himself as hero, and staged his technologies as dramas. He toiled against the odds, scraped together resources to found companies, bet those companies on technical feats — and pulled it off, multiple times. The idea of the “heroic inventor” is not, of course, the only way to frame the history of technology. Nevertheless, as Dalzell shows, Sprague, Edison, and others crafted the role consciously and actively, using it to generate vital impetus behind the process of innovation. Frederick Dalzell received his PhD in the History of American Civilization from Harvard University and has been a researcher at Harvard Business School. He is the coauthor of Changing Fortunes: Remaking the Industrial Corporation and Driving Change: The UPS Approach to Business.

72

PROFESSIONAL technology/political science

history of science/history of medicine

PROTOCOL POLITICS

HEALTH AND MEDICINE ON DISPLAY

The Globalization of Internet Governance Laura DeNardis

International Expositions in the United States, 1876-1904 Julie K. Brown

The Internet has reached a critical point. The world is running out of Internet addresses. There is a finite supply of approximately 4.3 billion Internet Protocol (IP) addresses — the unique binary numbers required for every exchange of information over the Internet — within the Internet’s prevailing technical architecture (IPv4). In the 1990s the Internet standards community identified the potential depletion of these addresses as a crucial design concern and selected a new protocol (IPv6) that would expand the number of Internet addresses exponentially — to 340 undecillion addresses. Despite a decade of predictions about imminent global conversion, IPv6 adoption has barely begun. IPv6 is not backward compatible with IPv4, and the ultimate success of IPv6 depends on a critical mass of IPv6 deployment, even among users who don’t need it, or on technical workarounds that could in turn create a new set of concerns. Protocol Politics examines what’s at stake politically, economically, and technically in the selection and adoption of a new Internet protocol. Laura DeNardis’s key insight is that protocols are political. IPv6 serves as a case study for how protocols more generally are intertwined with socioeconomic and political order. IPv6 intersects with provocative topics including Internet civil liberties, U.S. military objectives, globalization, institutional power struggles, and the promise of global democratic freedoms. DeNardis offers recommendations for Internet standards governance based not only on technical concerns but on principles of openness and transparency and examines the global implications of looming Internet address scarcity versus the slow deployment of the new protocol designed to solve this problem. Laura DeNardis is Executive Director of the Yale Information Society Project, a Lecturer at Yale Law School, and the coauthor of Information Technology in Theory. September — 6 x 9, 272 pp. — 16 illus. $35.00S/£25.95 cloth 978-0-262-04257-4

International expositions, with their massive assembling of exhibits and audiences, were the media events of their time. In transmitting a new culture of visibility that merged information, entertainment, and commerce, they provided a unique opportunity for the public to become aware of various social and technological advances. With Health and Medicine on Display, Julie Brown offers the first book-length examination of how international expositions, through their exhibits and infrastructures, sought to demonstrate innovations in applied health and medical practice. Brown investigates not only how exhibits translated health and medical information into visual form but also how exposition sites in urban settings (an exposition was “a city within a city” sometimes in conflict with municipal authorities) provided emergency medical treatment, access to safe water, and protection against infectious diseases. Brown looks at four expositions held in Philadelphia, Chicago, Buffalo, and St. Louis between 1876 and 1904, spanning the Gilded Age and the early reform years of the Progressive Era. She describes the 1904 St. Louis exposition in particular detail, looking closely at the sites and services as well as selected exhibits (including a working model playground, live X-ray demonstrations, and a rescue film by the U.S. Navy). Many carefully researched illustrations, most never before published (with supplementary images available on the MIT Press Web site), vividly demonstrate the role that these exhibitions played in framing and shaping health issues for their audiences. Julie K. Brown, an independent scholar, is currently a Research Associate in the Department of Medicine, Science, and Society at the Smithsonian Institution’s National Museum of American History. She is the author of Making Culture Visible: The Public Display of Photography at Fairs, Expositions, and Exhibitions in the United States, 1847-1900 and Contesting Images: Photography and the World’s Columbian Exposition. September — 7 x 9, 336 pp. — 56 illus. $45.00S/£33.95 cloth 978-0-262-02657-4

Information Revolution and Global Politics series

73

PROFESSIONAL science, technology, and society/public policy

history of science/science, technology, & society

THE PARADOX OF SCIENTIFIC AUTHORITY

VELVET REVOLUTION AT THE SYNCHROTRON

The Role of Scientific Advice in Democracies Wiebe E. Bijker, Roland Bal, and Ruud Hendriks

Biology, Physics, and Change in Science Park Doing

Today, scientific advice is asked for (and given) on questions ranging from stem-cell research to genetically modified food. And yet it often seems that the more urgently scientific advice is solicited, the more vigorously scientific authority is questioned by policymakers, stakeholders, and citizens. This book examines a paradox: how scientific advice can be influential in society even when the status of science and scientists seems to be at a low ebb. The authors do this by means of an ethnographic study of the creation of scientific authority at one of the key sites for the interaction of science, policy, and society: the scientific advisory committee. The Paradox of Scientific Authority offers a detailed analysis of the inner workings of the influential Health Council of the Netherlands (the equivalent of the National Academy of Science in the United States), examining its societal role as well as its internal functioning, and using the findings to build a theory of scientific advising. The question of scientific authority has political as well as scholarly relevance. Democratic political institutions, largely developed in the nineteenth century, lack the institutional means to address the twenty-first century’s pervasively scientific and technological culture; and science and technology studies (STS) grapples with the central question of how to understand the authority of science while recognizing its socially constructed nature.

After World War II, particle physics became a dominant research discipline in American academia. At many universities, alumni of the Manhattan Project and of Los Alamos were granted resources to start (or strengthen) programs of high-energy physics built around the promise of a new and more powerful particle accelerator, the synchrotron. The synchrotron was also a source of very intense X-rays, useful for research in solid states physics and in biology. As synchrotron X-ray science grew, the experimental practice of protein crystallography (used to determine the atomic structures of proteins and viruses), garnered funding, prestige, and acclaim. In Velvet Revolution at the Synchrotron, Park Doing examines the change in scientific practice at a synchrotron laboratory as biology rose to dominance over physics. He draws on his own observations and experiences at the Cornell University synchrotron, and considers the implications of that change for the status of scientific claims. Velvet Revolution at the Synchrotron is one of the few recent works in the sociology of science that engages specific scientific and technical claims through participant observation — recorded evocatively and engagingly — to address issues in the philosophy of science. Doing argues that bureaucratic change in science is neither “top-down” nor “bottom-up” but rather performed in and realized through recursively related forums of technical assertion and resistance. He considers the relationship of this change to the content of science, and the implications of this relationship for the project of laboratory studies begun in the late 1970s.

Wiebe E. Bijker is Professor of Technology and Society at the University of Maastricht. He is the author of Bicycles, Bakelites, and Bulbs: Toward a Theory of Sociotechnical Change (MIT Press, 1997) and other books. Roland Bal is Professor in and Founding Chair of the Department of Healthcare Governance of the Institute of Health Policy and Management, Rotterdam. Ruud Hendriks is Assistant Professor of Philosophy at the University of Maastricht. September — 6 x 9, 232 pp. — 1 illus. $32.00S/£23.95 cloth 978-0-262-02658-1 Inside Technology series

Park Doing is a Lecturer in the Bovay Program in History and Ethics of Engineering at Cornell University. Portions of this book in manuscript form received the Nicholas Mullin Prize from the Society for the Social Studies of Science and the Hacker-Mullins Prize from the Science, Knowledge, and Technology Division of the American Sociological Association. August — 5 3/8 x 8, 176 pp. — 20 illus. $28.00S/£20.95 cloth 978-0-262-04255-0 Inside Technology series

74

PROFESSIONAL science, technology, and society/history

history of science/mathematics

THE RADIANCE OF FRANCE

ISAAC NEWTON ON MATHEMATICAL CERTAINTY AND METHOD

Nuclear Power and National Identity after World War II Gabrielle Hecht with a new foreword by Michel Callon and a new afterword by the author In the aftermath of World War II, as France sought a distinctive role for itself in the modern, postcolonial world, the nation and its leaders enthusiastically embraced large technological projects in general and nuclear power in particular. The Radiance of France asks how it happened that technological prowess and national glory (or “radiance,” which also means “radiation” in French) became synonymous in France as nowhere else. To answer this question, Gabrielle Hecht has forged an innovative combination of technology studies and cultural and political history in a book that, as Michel Callon writes in the new foreword to this edition, “not only sheds new light on the role of technology in the construction of national identities” but is also “a seminal contribution to the history of contemporary France.” Proposing the concept of technopolitical regime as a way to analyze the social, political, cultural, and technological dynamics among engineering elites, unionized workers, and rural communities Hecht shows how the history of France’s first generation of nuclear reactors is also a history of the multiple meanings of nationalism, from the postwar period (and France’s desire for post-Vichy redemption) to 1969 and the adoption of a “Frenchified” American design. This paperback edition of Hecht’s groundbreaking book includes both Callon’s foreword and an afterword by the author in which she brings the story up to date, and reflects on such recent developments as the 2007 French presidential election, the promotion of nuclear power as the solution to climate change, and France’s aggressive exporting of nuclear technology.

Niccolò Guicciardini Historians of mathematics have devoted considerable attention to Isaac Newton’s work on algebra, series, fluxions, quadratures, and geometry. In Isaac Newton on Mathematical Certainty and Method, Niccolò Guicciardini examines a critical aspect of Newton’s work that has not been tightly connected to Newton’s actual practice: his philosophy of mathematics. Newton aimed to inject certainty into natural philosophy by deploying mathematical reasoning (titling his main work The Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy most probably to highlight a stark contrast to Descartes’s Principles of Philosophy). To that end he paid concerted attention to method, particularly in relation to the issue of certainty, participating in contemporary debates on the subject and elaborating his own answers. Guicciardini shows how Newton carefully positioned himself against two giants in the “common” and “new” analysis, Descartes and Leibniz. Although his work was in many ways disconnected from the traditions of Greek geometry, Newton portrayed himself as antiquity's legitimate heir, thereby distancing himself from the moderns. Guicciardini reconstructs Newton’s own method by extracting it from his concrete practice and not solely by examining his broader statements about such matters. He examines the full range of Newton’s works, from his early treatises on series and fluxions to the late writings, which were produced in direct opposition to Leibniz. The complex interactions between Newton’s understanding of method and his mathematical work then reveal themselves through Guicciardini’s careful analysis of selected examples. Isaac Newton on Mathematical Certainty and Method uncovers what mathematics was for Newton, and what being a mathematician meant to him.

• Winner of the 2001 Edelstein Prize, presented by Society for the History of Technology (SHOT) • Winner of the 1999 Herbert Baxter Adams Prize of the American Historical Association

Niccolò Guicciardini is Professor of the History of Science at the University of Bergamo, Italy. He is the author of The Development of Newtonian Calculus in Britain, 1700-1800 and Reading the Principia: The Debate on Newton’s Mathematical Methods for Natural Philosophy from 1687 to 1736.

Gabrielle Hecht is Associate Professor in the Department of History at the University of Michigan.

October — 7 x 9, 448 pp. — 96 illus.

September — 6 x 9, 496 pp.

$55.00S/£40.95 cloth 978-0-262-01317-8

$25.00S/£18.95 paper 978-0-262-58281-0

Transformations: Studies in the History of Science and Technology

Inside Technology series

75

PROFESSIONAL Renaissance history/history of science

THE BOOK OF MICHAEL OF RHODES The first publication and translation into English of a manuscript by a fifteenth-century Venetian seaman, including treatises on shipbuilding, mathematics, astrology, and calendrical computation.

THE BOOK OF MICHAEL OF RHODES, VOL. 1 edited by David McGee September 8 x 10, 534 pp. color throughout $65.00S/£48.95 cloth 978-0-262-13503-0 THE BOOK OF MICHAEL OF RHODES, VOL. 2 edited by Alan M. Stahl transcription by Franco Rossi and translated by Alan M. Stahl September 8 x 10, 732 pp. $75.00S/£55.95 cloth 978-0-262-19590-4 THE BOOK OF MICHAEL OF RHODES, VOL. 3 edited by Pamela O. Long September 8 x 10, 384 pp. 86 illus. $45.00S/£33.95 cloth 978-0-262-12308-2

A Fifteenth-Century Maritime Manuscript edited by Pamela O. Long, David McGee, and Alan M. Stahl Volume 1: Facsimile

edited by David McGee Volume 2: Transcription and Translation

edited by Alan M. Stahl transcription by Franco Rossi translation by Alan M. Stahl Volume 3: Studies

edited by Pamela O. Long In the fifteenth century, a Venetian mariner, Michael of Rhodes, wrote and illustrated a text describing his experiences in the Venetian merchant and military fleets. He included a treatise on commercial mathematics and treatments of contemporary shipbuilding practices, navigation, calendrical systems, and astrological ideas. This manuscript, “lost,” or at least in unknown hands for over 400 years, has never been published or translated in its entirety until now. Volume 1 is a facsimile of the manuscript, reproduced in full color. The text is written out by hand and beautifully illustrated (probably at least in part by Michael himself ), featuring color diagrams and illustrations of naval architecture, original drawings of astrological signs, calendrical charts, and a coat of arms Michael devised for himself. Volume 2 contains a transcription of the handwritten text in the medieval Venetian dialect of Italian and, on facing pages, its translation into modern English. Michael’s book includes the first extant treatise on naval architecture, a 200-page treatise on mathematics in the tradition of medieval and Renaissance abacus manuscripts, texts on navigation including portolans (sailing directions), and Michael’s autobiographical service record — unique for Venice in this period and noteworthy for being the personal record of a man of non-noble status and foreign birth. In volume 3, nine experts, including the editors, discuss the manuscript, its historical context, and its scholarly importance. Their essays examine the Venetian maritime world of the fifteenth century, Michael’s life, the discovery of the manuscript, the mathematics in the book, the use of illustration, the navigational directions, Michael’s knowledge of shipbuilding in the Venetian context, and the manuscript’s extensive calendrical material. Pamela O. Long is an independent historian who has published widely in medieval and Renaissance history of science and technology. David McGee, formerly Research Associate and Head of Secondary Acquisitions at the Dibner Institute’s Burndy Library, is an independent scholar, working recently with the Canadian Science and Technology Museum. Alan M. Stahl is a medieval historian specializing in Venice and is Curator of Numismatics at Princeton University. McGee, Stahl, and Long are codirectors of the Michael of Rhodes project. For more information on the Michael of Rhodes project, go to http://brunelleschi.imss.fi.it/michaelofrhodes

76

PROFESSIONAL history of science/political science

security studies

A NUCLEAR WINTER’S TALE

WMD TERRORISM

Science and Politics in the 1980s Lawrence Badash

Science and Policy Choices edited by Stephen M. Maurer

The nuclear winter phenomenon burst upon the public’s consciousness in 1983. Added to the horror of a nuclear war’s immediate effects was the fear that the smoke from fires ignited by the explosions would block the sun, creating an extended “winter” that might kill more people worldwide than the initial nuclear strikes. In A Nuclear Winter’s Tale, Lawrence Badash maps the rise and fall of the science of nuclear winter, examining research activity, the popularization of the concept, and the Reagan-era politics that combined to influence policy and public opinion. Badash traces the several sciences (including studies of volcanic eruptions, ozone depletion, and dinosaur extinction) that merged to allow computer modeling of nuclear winter and its development as a scientific specialty. He places this in the political context of the Reagan years, discussing congressional interest, media attention, the administration’s plans for a research program, and the Defense Department’s claims that the arms buildup underway would prevent nuclear war, and thus nuclear winter.

Terrorism by means of weapons of mass destruction (WMD) has been studied for decades — since the Cold War and fears of secret agents with suitcase-sized atomic bombs. Although WMD research has accelerated since September 11, 2001, much of this scholarship is hard to find, forcing nonspecialists to fall back on gut instinct and Beltway clichés. This book provides the first full-l ength, up-to-date, comprehensive review of what scientists and scholars know about WMD terrorism and America’s options for confronting it. It also identifies multiple instances in which the conventional wisdom is incomplete or misleading. WMD Terrorism provides multidisciplinary perspectives on such topics as terrorist incentives for acquiring WMD; nuclear, radiological, biological, and chemical weapons technologies and genetically engineered weapons; sensor technologies; mathematical methods for analyzing terrorist threats and allocating defense resources; the role of domestic U.S. politics in shaping defense investments; port and airport defense; response and recovery technologies for WMD-contaminated sites; R&D incentives for bioweapon vaccines and other homeland security technologies; psychological treatment of WMD survivors; and international initiatives to limit WMD proliferation and fight terrorism.

Lawrence Badash is Professor Emeritus of History of Science at the University of California, Santa Barbara. He is the author of Kapitza, Rutherford, and the Kremlin and Scientists and the Development of Nuclear Weapons: From Fission to the Limited Test Ban Treaty.

“Badash has written an exciting account of the 1980s’ deep concern about nuclear winter in the scientific and political world. This book is an interesting story of the complex web of characters and motives.” — Warren M. Washington, Senior Scientist and Head, Climate Change Research Section, Climate and Global Dynamics Division, National Center for Atmospheric Research September — 7 x 9, 424 pp. $40.00S/£29.95 cloth 978-0-262-01272-0 Transformations: Studies in the History of Science and Technology

CONTRIBUTORS Gary Ackerman, Jeffrey M. Bale, Deborah Yarsike Ball, Eugene Bardach, Jason Christopher, C. Norman Coleman, Lois M. Davis, Thomas Edmunds, Peter Gordon, Blas Pérez Henríquez, Dwight Jaffee, Robert Kirvel, Simon Labov, Stephen M. Maurer, James E. Moore II, Michael Nacht, Michael O’Hare, Qisheng Pan, Ji Young Park, Ellen Raber, Harry W. Richardson, Jeanne S. Ringel, Thomas Russell, George W. Rutherford, Christine Hartmann Siantar, Tom Slezak, Page U. Stoutland, Tammy Taylor, Michael Thompson, Richard Wheeler Stephen M. Maurer is Adjunct Associate Professor of Law and Public Policy at the University of California, Berkeley.

“Authoritative and analytical yet accessible to the nonspecialist.” — Jonathan B. Tucker, Ph.D., Senior Fellow, James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies September — 7 x 9, 616 pp. — 30 illus. $38.00S/£28.95 paper 978-0-262-51285-5 $76.00S/£56.95 cloth 978-0-262-01298-0

77

PROFESSIONAL political science/science

environment/political science

SCIENCE IN DEMOCRACY

SCIENCE IN ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY

Expertise, Institutions, and Representation Mark B. Brown

The Politics of Objective Advice Ann Campbell Keller

Political controversies over scientific issues ranging from global warming to biotechnology demonstrate how closely politics today is intertwined with science. The traditional view of the relationship between science and politics — in which politics provides the money and science provides the knowledge — seems increasingly untenable and outdated. In Science in Democracy, Mark Brown draws on the history of political thought, science studies, and democratic theory for insights into how to democratize science without undermining its potential contribution to society. Brown enlists such canonical and contemporary thinkers as Machiavelli, Hobbes, Rousseau, Dewey, and Latour to conceptualize a more effective and legitimate role for science in democracy. After outlining the origins of the liberal-rationalist dichotomy between politics and science, showing how it parallels a similar dichotomy between direct democracy and representative government, Brown develops an alternate perspective based on the mutual shaping of participation and representation in both science and politics. He illustrates his argument with examples from different types of advisory bodies, including bioethics councils and various lay forums. Different institutional venues, he shows, mediate different elements of democratic representation. If we understand democracy as an institutionally differentiated system of collective representation that articulates and transforms both lay knowledge and technical expertise, Brown argues, then the best way to respond to politicized science is to democratize it. Simply put, this book shows how scientific and political representation can improve democracy.

Scientists often bring issues to the policy agenda, translating scientific questions into everyday language and political terms. When Roger Revelle characterized Earth as a spaceship in testimony to Congress in 1957, his evocative language framed the issue of our planet’s climate vulnerability in a way that technical discourse could not. In this book, Ann Campbell Keller examines the influence of scientists on environmental policymaking and makes the novel argument that scientists’ adherence to the role of neutral advisor varies over the course of the policymaking process. Keller divides the policy process into three stages — agenda setting, legislation, and implementation — and compares scientists’ influence on acid rain and climate change policy at these different stages over the course of several decades. She finds that scientists face more pressure to uphold the ideal of objectivity as policymaking processes advance and become more formalized, and thus are more likely to engage in advocacy and persuasion in the earlier, less formal, agenda-setting stage of the process. In the later, more structured legislative and implementation phases, scientists — working hard to give the appearance of neutral expertise — cede the role of persuader to others. Keller draws on theoretical work in political science and science studies and on empirical evidence from scientific reports, news coverage, congressional hearings, and interviews. Focusing on comparable cases and considering scientists’ participation in them over time, she offers unique insights into how the context of decision making affects scientists’ policy influence and emphasizes the multiple pathways by which scientific meaning is constructed in public settings.

Mark B. Brown is Associate Professor in the Department of Government at California State University, Sacramento.

“This is more than a good book; it is the book anyone will have to read to be literate in the topic of science and democracy.” — Frank Laird, Josef Korbel School of International Studies, University of Denver October — 6 x 9, 368 pp. $28.00S/£20.95 paper 978-0-262-51304-3 $56.00S/£41.95 cloth 978-0-262-01324-6

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Ann Campbell Keller is Assistant Professor of Health Policy and Management in the School of Public Health at the University of California, Berkeley. August — 6 x 9, 304 pp. $26.00S/£19.95 paper 978-0-262-51296-1 $52.00S/£38.95 cloth 978-0-262-01312-3 Politics, Science, and the Environment series

PROFESSIONAL urban planning/health/environment

environment/political science

TOWARD THE HEALTHY CITY

GOVERNING THE TAP

People, Places, and the Politics of Urban Planning Jason Corburn

Special District Governance and the New Local Politics of Water Megan Mullin

In distressed urban neighborhoods where residential segregation concentrates poverty, liquor stores outnumber supermarkets, toxic sites are next to playgrounds, and more money is spent on prisons than schools, residents also suffer disproportionately from disease and premature death. Recognizing that city environments and the planning processes that shape them are powerful determinants of population health, urban planners today are beginning to take on the added challenge of revitalizing neglected urban neighborhoods in ways that improve health and promote greater equity. In Toward the Healthy City, Jason Corburn argues that city planning must return to its roots in public health and social justice. The first book to provide a detailed account of how city planning and public health practices can reconnect to address health disparities, Toward the Healthy City offers a new decision-making framework called “healthy city planning” that reframes traditional planning and development issues and offers a new scientific evidence base for participatory action, coalition building, and ongoing monitoring. To show healthy city planning in action, Corburn examines collaborations between government agencies and community coalitions in the San Francisco Bay area, including efforts to link environmental justice, residents’ chronic illnesses, housing and real estate development projects, and planning processes with public health. Initiatives like these, Corburn points out, go well beyond recent attempts by urban planners to promote public health by changing the design of cities to encourage physical activity. Corburn argues for a broader conception of healthy urban governance that addresses the root causes of health inequities.

More than ever, Americans rely on independent special districts to provide public services. The special district — which can be as small as a low-budget mosquito abatement district or as vast as the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey — has become the most common form of local governance in the United States. In Governing the Tap, Megan Mullin examines the consequences of specialization and the fragmentation of policymaking authority through the lens of local drinking-water policy. Directly comparing specific conservation, land use, and contracting policies enacted by different forms of local government, Mullin investigates the capacity of special districts to engage in responsive and collaborative decision making that promotes sustainable use of water resources. She concludes that the effect of specialization is conditional on the structure of institutions and the severity of the policy problem, with specialization offering the most benefit on policy problems that are least severe. Mullin presents a political theory of specialized governance that is relevant to any of the variety of functions special districts perform. Governing the Tap offers not only the first study of how the new decentralized politics of water is taking shape in American communities, but also new and important findings about the influence of institutional structures on local policymaking.

Jason Corburn is Assistant Professor in the Department of City and Regional Planning at the University of California, Berkeley. He is the author of Street Science: Community Knowledge and Environmental Health Justice (MIT Press, 2005), winner of the 2007 Paul Davidoff Award, given by the Association of Collegiate Schools of Planning. October — 6 x 9, 288 pp. — 10 illlus. $24.00S/£17.95 paper 978-0-262-51307-4

Megan Mullin is Assistant Professor of Political Science at Temple University, with a secondary appointment in Geography and Urban Studies.

“This is a really great book. It is one of the best books on governance and water that I have ever read.” — Mark Lubell, Department of Political Science, University of California, Davis September — 6 x 9, 280 pp. — 7 illus. $22.00S/£16.95 paper 978-0-262-51297-8 $44.00S/£32.95 cloth 978-0-262-01313-0 American and Comparative Environmental Policy series

$48.00S/£35.95 cloth 978-0-262-01331-4 Urban and Industrial Environments series

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PROFESSIONAL political science/public policy

environment/political science

VOLUNTARY PROGRAMS

CHANGING CLIMATES IN NORTH AMERICAN POLITICS

A Club Theory Perspective edited by Matthew Potoski and Aseem Prakash The recent growth of voluntary programs has attracted the attention of policymakers, nongovernmental organizations, and scholars. Thousands of firms around the world participate in these programs, in which members agree to undertake socially beneficial actions that go beyond the requirements of government regulations, such as following labor codes in the apparel industry, adhering to international accounting standards, and adopting internal environmental management systems. This book analyzes the efficacy of a variety of voluntary programs using a club theory, political-economy framework. It examines how programs’ design influences their effectiveness as policy tools. It finds that voluntary programs have achieved uneven success because of their varying standards and enforcement procedures. The club theory framework views voluntary programs as institutions that create incentives for firms to incur the costs of taking progressive action beyond what is required by law in exchange for benefits that nonmembers do not enjoy (such as enhanced standing with stakeholders). Voluntary Programs develops this theoretical framework and applies it to voluntary programs sponsored by industry associations, governments, and nongovernmental organizations, organized around policy issues such as “blood diamonds,” shipping, sweatshops, and the environment. The wide diversity of cases — across sectors, sponsoring organizations, and objectives — provides valuable applications of the club framework, generates new insights for future research, and offers practical guidance for designing effective programs. CONTRIBUTORS David P. Baron, Tim Bartley, Tim B¨uthe, Cary Coglianese, Elizabeth R. DeSombre, Daniel W. Drezner, Daniel Fiorino, Mary Kay Gugerty, Virginia Haufler, Matthew J. Kotchen, Mimi Lu, Jennifer Nash, Matthew Potoski, Aseem Prakash, Klaas van ‘t Veld Matthew Potoski is Associate Professor of Political Science at Iowa State University. Aseem Prakash is Professor of Political Science at the University of Washington, Seattle. Potoski and Prakash are coauthors of The Voluntary Environmentalists: Green Clubs, ISO 14001, and Voluntary Environmental Regulations.

Institutions, Policymaking, and Multilevel Governance edited by Henrik Selin and Stacy D. VanDeveer North American policy responses to global climate change are complex and sometimes contradictory and reach across multiple levels of government. For example, the U.S. federal government rejected the Kyoto Protocol and mandatory greenhouse gas (GHG) restrictions, but California developed some of the world’s most comprehensive climate change law and regulation; Canada’s federal government ratified the Kyoto Protocol, but Canadian GHG emissions increased even faster than those of the United States; and Mexico’s state-owned oil company addressed climate change issues in the 1990s, in stark contrast to leading U.S. and Canadian energy firms. This book is the first to examine and compare political action for climate change across North America, at levels ranging from continental to municipal, in locations ranging from Mexico to Toronto to Portland, Maine. Changing Climates in North American Politics investigates new or emerging institutions, policies, and practices in North American climate governance; the roles played by public, private, and civil society actors; the diffusion of policy across different jurisdictions; and the effectiveness of multilevel North American climate change governance. It finds that although national climate policies vary widely, the complexities and divergences are even greater at the subnational level. Policy initiatives are developed separately in states, provinces, cities, large corporations, NAFTA bodies, universities, NGOs, and private firms, and this lack of coordination limits the effectiveness of multilevel climate change governance. In North America, unlike much of Europe, climate change governance has been largely bottom-up rather than top-down. Henrik Selin is Assistant Professor in the Department of International Relations at Boston University. Stacy D. VanDeveer is Associate Professor in the Department of Political Science at the University of New Hampshire. September — 7 x 9, 352 pp. — 2 illus.

November — 6 x 9, 368 pp.

$26.00S/£19.95 paper 978-0-262-51286-2

$28.00S/£20.95 paper 978-0-262-66204-8

$52.00S/£38.95 cloth 978-0-262-01299-7

$56.00S/£41.95 cloth 978-0-262-16250-0

American and Comparative Environmental Policy series

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PROFESSIONAL environment

environment/political science

GAIA IN TURMOIL

GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE AND HUMAN SECURITY

Climate Change, Biodepletion, and Earth Ethics in an Age of Crisis edited by Eileen Crist and H. Bruce Rinker foreword by Bill McKibben Gaian theory, which holds that Earth’s physical and biological processes are inextricably bound to form a self-regulating system, is more relevant than ever in light of increasing concerns about global climate change. The Gaian paradigm of Earth as a living system, first articulated by James Lovelock and Lynn Margulis in the 1970s, has inspired a burgeoning body of researchers working across disciplines that range from physics and biology to philosophy and politics. Gaia in Turmoil reflects this disciplinary richness and intellectual diversity, with contributions (including essays by both Lovelock and Margulis) that approach the topic from a wide variety of perspectives, discussing not only Gaian science but also global environmental problems and Gaian ethics and education. Contributors focus first on the science of Gaia, considering such topics as the workings of the biosphere, the planet’s water supply, and evolution; then discuss Gaian perspectives on global environmental change, including biodiversity destruction and global warming; and finally explore the influence of Gaia on environmental policy, ethics, politics, technology, economics, and education. Gaia in Turmoil breaks new ground by focusing on global ecological problems from the perspectives of Gaian science and knowledge, focusing especially on the challenges of climate change and biodiversity destruction. CONTRIBUTORS David Abram, Donald Aitken, Connie Barlow, J. Baird Callicott, Bruce Clarke, Eileen Crist, Tim Foresman, Stephan Harding, Barbara Harwood, Tim Lenton, Eugene Linden, Karen Litfin, James Lovelock, Lynn Margulis, Bill McKibben, Martin Ogle, H. Bruce Rinker, Mitchell Thomashow, Tyler Volk, Hywel Williams Eileen Crist is Associate Professor in the Department of Science and Technology in Society at Virginia Tech, the author of Images of Animals: Anthropomorphism and the Animal Mind, and the coeditor of Scientists Debate Gaia (MIT Press, 2004). H. Bruce Rinker is Director of the Pinellas Country, Florida, Environmental Lands Division and the coeditor of Forest Canopies. November — 6 x 9, 352 pp. $27.00S/£19.95 paper 978-0-262-51352-4

edited by Richard A. Matthew, Jon Barnett, Bryan McDonald, and Karen L. O’Brien foreword by Geoffrey D. Dabelko In recent years, scholars in international relations and other fields have begun to conceive of security more broadly, moving away from a state-centered concept of national security toward the idea of human security, which emphasizes the individual and human wellbeing. Viewing global environmental change through the lens of human security connects such problems as melting ice caps and carbon emissions to poverty, vulnerability, equity, and conflict. This book examines the complex social, health, and economic consequences of environmental change across the globe. In chapters that are both academically rigorous and policy relevant, the book discusses the connections of global environmental change to urban poverty, natural disasters (with a case study of Hurricane Katrina), violent conflict (with a study of the decade-long Nepalese civil war), population, gender, and development. The book makes clear the inadequacy of traditional understandings of security and shows how global environmental change is raising new, unavoidable questions of human insecurity, conflict, cooperation, and sustainable development. CONTRIBUTORS W. Neil Adger, Jennifer Bailey, Jon Barnett, Victoria Basolo, Hans Georg Bohle, Mike Brklacich, May Chazan, Chris Cocklin, Geoffrey D. Dabelko, Indra de Soysa, Heather Goldsworthy, Betsy Hartmann, Robin M. Leichenko, Laura Little, Alexander López, Richard A. Matthew, Bryan McDonald, Eric Neumayer, Kwasi Nsiah-Gyabaah, Karen L. O'Brien, Marvin S. Soroos, Bishnu Raj Upreti Richard A. Matthew is Associate Professor of International and Environmental Politics in the Schools of Social Ecology and Social Science at the University of California, Irvine. Jon Barnett is Reader and Australian Research Council Fellow in the Department of Resource Management and Geography at the University of Melbourne. Bryan McDonald is Assistant Director of the Center for Unconventional Security at the University of California, Irvine. Karen L. O’Brien is Professor in the Department of Sociology and Human Geography at the University of Oslo. December — 6 x 9, 328 pp. — 3 illus. $25.00S/£18.95 paper 978-0-262-51308-1 $50.00S/£37.95 cloth 978-0-262-01340-6

$54.00S/£39.95 cloth 978-0-262-03375-6

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PROFESSIONAL environment/political science

environment/sociology

MANAGERS OF GLOBAL CHANGE

HUMAN FOOTPRINTS ON THE GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT

The Influence of International Environmental Bureaucracies edited by Frank Biermann and Bernd Siebenhüner International bureaucracies — highly visible, far-reaching actors of global governance in areas that range from finance to the environment — are often derided as ineffective, inefficient, and unresponsive. Yet despite their prominence in many debates on world politics, little scholarly attention has been given to their actual influence in recent years. Managers of Global Change fills this gap, offering conceptual analysis and case studies of the role and relevance of international bureaucracies in the area of environmental governance — one of the most institutionally dynamic areas of world politics. The book seeks to resolve a puzzling disparity: although most international bureaucracies resemble each other in terms of their institutional and legal settings (their mandate, the countries to which they report, their general function), the roles they play and their actual influence vary greatly. The chapters investigate the type and degree of influence that international environmental bureaucracies exert and whether external or internal factors account for variations. After a discussion of theoretical context, research design, and empirical methodology, the book presents nine indepth case studies of bureaucracies ranging from the environment department of the World Bank to the United Nations’ climate and desertification secretariats. Managers of Global Change points the way to a better understanding of the role of international bureaucracies, which could improve the legitimacy of global decision making and resolve policy debates about the reform of the United Nations and other bodies. CONTRIBUTORS Lydia Andler, Steffen Bauer, Steffen Behrle, Frank Biermann, Per-Olof Busch, Sabine Campe, Klaus Dingwerth, Torsten Grothmann, Robert Marschinski, Bernd Siebenhüner, Mireia Tarradell Frank Biermann is Professor of Political Science and Environmental Policy Sciences and Head of the Department of Environmental Policy Analysis at the Institute for Environmental Studies, Free University, Amsterdam. Bernd Siebenhüner is Professor of Ecological Economics and Head of the GELENA research group on social learning and sustainability at the Carl von Ossietzky University, Oldenburg, Germany. September — 6 x 9, 376 pp. $28.00S/£20.95 paper 978-0-262-51236-7 $56.00S/£41.95 cloth 978-0-262-01274-4

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Threats to Sustainability edited by Eugene A. Rosa, Andreas Diekmann, Thomas Dietz, and Carlo C. Jaeger The colossal human ecological footprint now threatens the sustainability of the entire planet. Scientists, policymakers, and other close observers know that any understanding of the causes of global environmental change is a function of understanding its human dimension — the range of human choices and actions that affect the environment. This book offers a state-of-the-art assessment of research on the human dimensions of global environmental change, describing how global threats to sustainability have come about, providing an interpretive framework for understanding environmental change, reviewing recent work in the social and ecological sciences, and discussing which paths for future advances in our knowledge may prove most promising. The chapters, by prominent North American and European authors, offer perspectives on population, consumption, land cover and use, institutional actions, and culture. They discuss such topics as risk, the new Structural Human Ecology approach to analyzing anthropogenic drivers of global environmental change, recent progress in understanding land use change, international environmental regimes, the concept of the commons, and the comparative vulnerability of societies around the world. CONTRIBUTORS Ulrich Beck, Thomas Dietz, Carlo C. Jaeger, Svein Jentoft, Jeanne X. Kasperson, Roger E. Kasperson, Bonnie J. McCay, Emilio F. Moran, Eugene A. Rosa, B. L. Turner II, Richard York, Oran R. Young Eugene A. Rosa is Edward R. Meyer Distinguished Professor of Natural Resources and Environmental Policy in the Thomas S. Foley Institute of Public Policy at Washington State University. Andreas Diekmann is Chair of Sociology in the Department of Humanities and Social and Political Science at Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich. Thomas Dietz is Professor of Sociology and Director of the Environmental Science and Policy Program at Michigan State University. Carlo C. Jaeger is Head of the Social Systems Department at the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK). December — 6 x 9, 328 pp. — 1 illus. $27.00S/£19.95 paper 978-0-262-51299-2 $54.00S/£39.95 cloth 978-0-262-01315-4

PROFESSIONAL environment

environment/law

LINKAGES OF SUSTAINABILITY

GLOBAL DEMOCRACY AND SUSTAINABLE JURISPRUDENCE

edited by Thomas Graedel and Ester van der Voet Humanity faces immense hurdles as it struggles to define the path toward a sustainable future. The multiple components of sustainability, all of which demand attention, make understanding the very concept of sustainability itself a challenge. Information about whether global agriculture can be made sustainable, for example, or calculations of the global need for water, are useless unless we understand how these issues connect to each other and to other components of sustainability. In this book, experts engage in an extended dialogue concerning these linkages, arguing for a comprehensive view of sustainability. They emphasize the constraints imposed by the relationships among the components — for example, how the need for clean, easily accessible water intersects with the need for the energy required to provide it — and distinguish those constraints that may pose severe limitations on humanity’s future from those of less concern. The book also highlights areas for future research and debate. Linkages of Sustainability urges a transformation in the way we view sustainability — a transformation that is necessary if we are to plan responsibly for a more sustainable world. Thomas Graedel is Clifton R. Musser Professor of Industrial Ecology, Professor of Chemical Engineering, Professor of Geology and Geophysics, and Director of the Center for Industrial Ecology at Yale University. He is the author of Streamlined Life-Cycle Assessment and lead author or coauthor of a number of other books. Ester van der Voet is Associate Professor of Industrial Ecology in the Institute for Environmental Sciences at the University of Leiden. She is the coeditor of Heavy Metals: A Problem Solved? November — 6 x 9, 430 pp. — 55 color illus. $40.00S/£29.950 cloth 978-0-262-01358-1 Strüngmann Forum Reports

Deliberative Environmental Law Walter F. Baber and Robert V. Bartlett In Global Democracy and Sustainable Jurisprudence, Walter Baber and Robert Bartlett explore the necessary characteristics of a meaningful global jurisprudence, a jurisprudence that would underpin international environmental law. Arguing that theories of political deliberation offer useful insights into the current “democratic deficit” in international law, and using this insight as a way to approach the problem of global environmental protection, they offer both a theoretical foundation and a realistic deliberative mechanism for creating effective transnational common law for the environment. Their argument links elements not typically associated: abstract democratic theory and a practical form of deliberative democracy; the legitimacy-imparting value of deliberative democracy and the possibility of legislating through adjudication; common law jurisprudence and the development of transnational environmental law; and conceptual thinking that draws on Deweyan pragmatism, Rawlsian contractarianism, Habermasian critical theory, and the full liberalism of Bohman, Gutmann, and Thompson. Baber and Bartlett offer a democratic method for creating, interpreting, and implementing international environmental norms that involves citizens and bypasses states — an innovation that can be replicated and deployed across a range of policy areas. Walter F. Baber is Associate Professor in the Graduate Center for Public Policy and Administration in the College of Health and Human Services at California State University, Long Beach. Robert V. Bartlett is Gund Professor of Liberal Arts in the Department of Political Science at the University of Vermont.

“This work is highly original and makes a contribution to the fields of global environmental governance, deliberative democracy, and international environmental law. Debates in this area have become somewhat repetitive recently, and this book will sound a striking new note and generate an animated debate, with strong positions on both sides.” — Robyn Eckersley, University of Melbourne, author of The Green State: Rethinking Democracy and Sovereignty August — 6 x 9, 248 pp. $22.00S/£16.95 paper 978-0-262-51291-6 $44.00S/£32.95 cloth 978-0-262-01302-4

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PROFESSIONAL computational biology

biology/engineering

COMBINATORICS OF GENOME REARRANGEMENTS

CONTROL THEORY AND SYSTEMS BIOLOGY

Guillaume Fertin, Anthony Labarre, Irena Rusu, Eric Tannier, and Stéphane Vialette

edited by Pablo A. Iglesias and Brian P. Ingalls

From one cell to another, from one individual to another, and from one species to another, the content of DNA molecules is often similar. The organization of these molecules, however, differs dramatically, and the mutations that affect this organization are known as genome rearrangements. Combinatorial methods are used to reconstruct putative rearrangement scenarios in order to explain the evolutionary history of a set of species, often formalizing the evolutionary events that can explain the multiple combinations of observed genomes as combinatorial optimization problems. This book offers the first comprehensive survey of this rapidly expanding application of combinatorial optimization. It can be used as a reference for experienced researchers or as an introductory text for a broader audience. Genome rearrangement problems have proved so interesting from a combinatorial point of view that the field now belongs as much to mathematics as to biology. This book takes a mathematically oriented approach, but provides biological background when necessary. It presents a series of models, beginning with the simplest (which is progressively extended by dropping restrictions), each constructing a genome rearrangement problem. The book also discusses an important generalization of the basic problem known as the median problem, surveys attempts to reconstruct the relationships between genomes with phylogenetic trees, and offers a collection of summaries and appendixes with useful additional information. Guillaume Fertin is Professor of Computer Science at the University of Nantes. Anthony Labarre received a PhD in Mathematics and Computer Science from the Université libre de Bruxelles. Irena Rusu is Professor of Computer Science at the University of Nantes. Eric Tannier is a Researcher at the INRIA, in the Laboratory of Biometrics and Evolutionary Biology of the University of Lyon. Stéphane Vialette is a Researcher in the Gaspard-Monge Institute of Electronics and Computer Science at the University of Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée.

Issues of regulation and control are central to the study of biological and biochemical systems. Thus it is not surprising that the tools of feedback control theory — engineering techniques developed to design and analyze self-regulating systems — have proven useful in the study of these biological mechanisms. Such interdisciplinary work requires knowledge of the results, tools and techniques of another discipline, as well as an understanding of the culture of an unfamiliar research community. This volume attempts to bridge the gap between disciplines by presenting applications of systems and control theory to cell biology that range from surveys of established material to descriptions of new developments in the field. The first chapter offers a primer on concepts from dynamical systems and control theory, which allows the life scientist with no background in control theory to understand the concepts presented in the rest of the book. Following the introduction of ordinary differential equation-based modeling in the first chapter, the second and third chapters discuss alternative modeling frameworks. The remaining chapters sample a variety of applications, considering such topics as quantitative measures of dynamic behavior, modularity, stoichiometry, robust control techniques, and network identification. CONTRIBUTORS David Angeli, Declan G. Bates, Eric Bullinger, Peter S. Chang, Domitilla Del Vecchio, Francis J. Doyle III, Hana El-Samad, Dirk Fey, Rolf Findeisen, Simone Frey, Jorge Gonçalves, Pablo A. Iglesias, Brian P. Ingalls, Elling W. Jacobsen, Mustafa Khammash, Jongrae Kim, Eric Klavins, Eric C. Kwei, Thomas Millat, Jason E. Shoemaker, Eduardo D. Sontag, Stephanie R. Taylor, David Thorsley, Camilla Trané, Sean Warnick, Olaf Wolkenhauer Pablo A. Iglesias is Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Applied Mathematics and Statistics, and Biomedical Engineering at Johns Hopkins University. Brian P. Ingalls is Associate Professor in the Departments of Applied Mathematics, Biology, and Chemical Engineering at the University of Waterloo.

August — 7 x 9, 312 pp. — 44 illus. $40.00S/£29.95 cloth 978-0-262-06282-4 Computational Molecular Biology series

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November — 7 x 9, 384 pp. — 138 illus. $45.00S/£33.95 cloth 978-0-262-01334-5

PROFESSIONAL anthropology/biology

biology

INNOVATION IN CULTURAL SYSTEMS

BIOMEDICAL SIGNAL ANALYSIS

Contributions from Evolutionary Anthropology edited by Michael J. O’Brien and Stephen J. Shennan

Methods and Applications Fabian J. Theis and Anke Meyer-Bäse

In recent years an interest in applying the principles of evolution to the study of culture emerged in the social sciences. Archaeologists and anthropologists reconsidered the role of innovation in particular, and have moved toward characterizing innovation in cultural systems not only as a product but also as an evolutionary process. This distinction was familiar to biology but new to the social sciences; cultural evolutionists from the nineteenth to the twentieth century had tended to see innovation as a preprogrammed change that occurred when a cultural group “needed” to overcome environmental problems. In this volume, leading researchers from a variety of disciplines — including anthropology, archaeology, evolutionary biology, philosophy, and psychology — offer their perspectives on cultural innovation. The book provides not only a range of views but also an integrated account, with the chapters offering an orderly progression of thought. The contributors consider innovation in biological terms, discussing epistemology, animal studies, systematics and phylogeny, phenotypic plasticity and evolvability, and evo-devo; they discuss modern insights into innovation, including simulation, the random-copying model, diffusion, and demographic analysis; and they offer case studies of innovation from archaeological and ethnographic records, examining developmental, behavioral, and social patterns. CONTRIBUTORS André Ariew, R. Alexander Bentley, Werner Callebaut, Joseph Henrich, Anne Kandler, Kevin N. Laland, Daniel O. Larson, Alex Mesoudi, Michael J. O’Brien, Craig T. Palmer, Adam Powell, Simon M. Reader, Valentine Roux, Chet Savage, Michael Brian Schiffer, Jeffrey H. Schwartz, Stephen J. Shennan, James Steele, Mark G. Thomas, Todd L. VanPool Michael J. O’Brien is Dean of the College of Arts and Science, Professor of Anthropology, and Director of the Museum of Anthropology at the University of Missouri. Stephen J. Shennan is Professor of Theoretical Archaeology and Director of the Institute of Archaeology at University College London.

Biomedical signal analysis has become one of the most important visualization and interpretation methods in biology and medicine. Many new and powerful instruments for detecting, storing, transmitting, analyzing, and displaying images have been developed in recent years, allowing scientists and physicians to obtain quantitative measurements to support scientific hypotheses and medical diagnoses. This book offers an overview of a range of proven and new methods, discussing both theoretical and practical aspects of biomedical signal analysis and interpretation. After an introduction to the topic and a survey of several processing and imaging techniques, the book describes a broad range of methods, including continuous and discrete Fourier transforms, independent component analysis (ICA), dependent component analysis, neural networks, and fuzzy logic methods. The book then discusses applications of these theoretical tools to practical problems in everyday biosignal processing, considering such subjects as exploratory data analysis and low-frequency connectivity analysis in fMRI, MRI signal processing including lesion detection in breast MRI, dynamic cerebral contrast-enhanced perfusion MRI, skin lesion classification, and microscopic slice image processing and automatic labeling. Biomedical Signal Analysis can be used as a text or professional reference. Part I, on methods, forms a self-contained text, with exercises and other learning aids, for upper-level undergraduate or graduate-level students. Researchers or graduate students in systems biology, genomic signal processing, and computerassisted radiology will find both parts I and II (on applications) a valuable handbook. Fabian J. Theis is head of the Computational Modeling in Biology Group at the Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany. Anke Meyer-Bäse is Associate Professor in the Department of Scientific Computing at Florida State University. She is the author of Pattern Recognition in Medical Imaging.

December — 7 x 9, 288 pp. — 45 illus. $40.00S/£29.95 cloth 978-0-262-01333-8 Vienna Series in Theoretical Biology

September — 7 x 9, 420 pp. 9 color illus., 173 black & white illus. $60.00S/£44.95 cloth 978-0-262-01328-4

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PROFESSIONAL cognitive neuroscience

THE COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCES Fourth Edition

edited by Michael S. Gazzaniga The fourth edition of the work that defines the field of cognitive neuroscience, offering completely new material.

October 8 1/2 x 10 7/8, 1376 pp. 437 illus., 32-page color insert $175.00S/£129.95 cloth 978-0-262-01341-3

CONTENTS Evolution and Development Pasko Rakic and Leo M. Chalupa, editors Plasticity Helen Neville and Mriganka Sur, editors Attention Steven Luck and George R. Mangun, editors Sensation and Perception J. Anthony Movshon and B. A. Wandell, editors Motor Scott T. Grafton and Emilio Bizzi, editors Memory Daniel L. Schacter, editor Language Alfonso Caramazza, editor Emotion and Social Neuroscience Todd F. Heatherton and Joseph E. LeDoux, editors Higher Cognitive Functions Liz Phelps, editor Consciousness Christof Koch, editor Perspectives

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Each edition of this classic reference has proved to be a benchmark in the developing field of cognitive neuroscience. The fourth edition of The Cognitive Neurosciences continues to chart new directions in the study of the biologic underpinnings of complex cognition — the relationship between the structural and physiological mechanisms of the nervous system and the psychological reality of the mind. The material in this edition is entirely new, with all chapters written specifically for it. Since the publication of the third edition, the field of cognitive neuroscience has made rapid and dramatic advances; fundamental stances are changing and new ideas are emerging. This edition reflects the vibrancy of the field, with research in development and evolution that finds a dynamic growth pattern becoming specific and fixed, and research in plasticity that sees the neuronal systems always changing; exciting new empirical evidence on attention that also verifies many central tenets of longstanding theories; work that shows the boundaries of the motor system pushed further into cognition; memory research that, paradoxically, provides insight into how humans imagine future events; pioneering theoretical and methodological work in vision; new findings on how genes and experience shape the language faculty; new ideas about how the emotional brain develops and operates; and research on consciousness that ranges from a novel mechanism for how the brain generates the baseline activity necessary to sustain conscious experience to a bold theoretical attempt to make the problem of qualia more tractable. Michael S. Gazzaniga is Professor of Psychology and Director for the SAGE Center for the Study of Mind at the University of California, Santa Barbara. In addition, he is the Director of the Summer Institute in Cognitive Neuroscience, President of the Cognitive Neuroscience Institute, and a member of the President’s Council on Bioethetics.

PROFESSIONAL neuroscience

neuroscience

A HOLE IN THE HEAD

DENDRITIC SPINES

More Tales in the History of Neuroscience Charles G. Gross

Rafael Yuste

Neuroscientist Charles Gross has been interested in the history of his field since his days as an undergraduate. A Hole in the Head is the second collection of essays in which he illuminates the study of the brain with fascinating episodes from the past. This volume’s tales range from the history of trepanation (drilling a hole in the skull) to neurosurgery as painted by Hieronymus Bosch to the discovery that bats navigate using echolocation. The emphasis is on blind alleys and errors as well as triumphs and discoveries, with ancient practices connected to recent developments and controversies. Trepanation, for example, originated in Paleolithic societies and is now promoted on a variety of Web sites as a means of “enhancing” consciousness. Gross first reaches back into the beginnings of neuroscience, discussing such topics as debates over the role of the brain (as opposed to the heart) in cognition and the relationship of vision to ideas about the “evil eye.” He then takes up the interaction of art and neuroscience, exploring, among other things, Rembrandt’s “Anatomy Lesson” paintings — one of which prefigured the poses in a famous photograph of the dead Che Guevara. Finally, Gross examines discoveries by scientists whose work was scorned in their own time but proven correct in later eras, including Claude Bernard’s argument for the importance of the constancy of the internal environment and Joseph Altman’s pioneering (and ignored) discovery of adult neurogenesis. Charles G. Gross, a neuroscientist specializing in vision and the functions of the cerebral cortex, is Professor of Psychology at Princeton University. He is the author of Vision, Brain, Memory: Tales in the History of Neuroscience (MIT Press, 1998). November — 7 x 9, 336 pp. — 59 illus. $35.00S/£25.95 cloth 978-0-262-01338-3

Most neurons in the brain are covered by dendritic spines, small protrusions that arise from dendrites, covering them like leaves on a tree. But a hundred and twenty years after spines were first described by Ramón y Cajal, their function is still unclear. Dozens of different functions have been proposed, from Cajal’s idea that they enhance neuronal interconnectivity to hypotheses that spines serve as plasticity machines, neuroprotective devices, or even digital logic elements. In Dendritic Spines, leading neurobiologist Rafael Yuste attempts to solve the “spine problem,” searching for the fundamental function of spines. He does this by examining many aspects of spine biology that have fascinated him over the years, including their structure, development, motility, plasticity, biophysical properties, and calcium compartmentalization. Yuste argues that we may never understand how the brain works without understanding the specific function of spines. In this book, he offers a synthesis of the information that has been gathered on spines (much of which comes from his own studies of the mammalian cortex), linking their function with the computational logic of the neuronal circuits that use them. He argues that once viewed from the circuit perspective, all the pieces of the spine puzzle fit together nicely into a single, overarching function. Yuste connects these two topics, integrating current knowledge of spines with that of key features of the circuits in which they operate. He concludes with a speculative chapter on the computational function of spines, searching for the ultimate logic of their existence in the brain and offering a proposal that is sure to stimulate discussions and drive future research. Rafael Yuste is Professor in the Department of Biological Sciences at Columbia University, where he is HHMI Investigator and Codirector of the Kavli Institute for Brain Circuits. October — 7 x 9, 264 pp. — 12 color illus., 82 black & white illus. $40.00S/£29.95 cloth 978-0-262-01350-5

87

PROFESSIONAL neuroscience

neuroscience

COMPUTATIONAL MODELING METHODS FOR NEUROSCIENTISTS

BRAIN SIGNAL ANALYSIS

edited by Erik De Schutter This book offers an introduction to current methods in computational modeling in neuroscience. The book describes realistic modeling methods at levels of complexity ranging from molecular interactions to large neural networks. A “how to” book rather than an analytical account, it focuses on the presentation of methodological approaches, including the selection of the appropriate method and its potential pitfalls. It is intended for experimental neuroscientists and graduate students who have little formal training in mathematical methods, but it will also be useful for scientists with theoretical backgrounds who want to start using datadriven modeling methods. The mathematics needed are kept to an introductory level; the first chapter explains the mathematical methods the reader needs to master to understand the rest of the book. The chapters are written by scientists who have successfully integrated data-driven modeling with experimental work, so all of the material is accessible to experimentalists. The chapters offer comprehensive coverage with little overlap and extensive cross-references, moving from basic building blocks to more complex applications. CONTRIBUTORS Pablo Achard, Haroon Anwar, Upinder S. Bhalla, Michiel Berends, Nicolas Brunel, Ronald L. Calabrese, Brenda Claiborne, Hugo Cornelis, Erik De Schutter, Alain Destexhe, Bard Ermentrout, Kristen Harris, Sean Hill, John R. Huguenard, William R. Holmes, Gwen Jacobs, Gwendal LeMasson, Henry Markram, Reinoud Maex, Astrid A. Prinz, Imad Riachi, John Rinzel, Arnd Roth, Felix Schürmann, Werner Van Geit, Mark C. W. van Rossum, Stefan Wils

Advances in Neuroelectric and Neuromagnetic Methods edited by Todd C. Handy Cognitive electrophysiology concerns the study of the brain’s electrical and magnetic responses to both external and internal events. These can be measured using electroencephalograms (EEGs) or magnetoencephalograms (MEGs). With the advent of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), another method of tracking brain signals, the tools and techniques of ERP, EEG and MEG data acquisition and analysis have been developing at a similarly rapid pace, and this book offers an overview of key recent advances in cognitive electrophysiology. The chapters highlight the increasing overlap in EEG and MEG analytic techniques, describing several methods applicable to both; they discuss recent developments, including reverse correlation methods in visual-evoked potentials and a new approach to topographic mapping in high-density electrode montage; and they relate the latest thinking on design aspects of EEG/MEG studies, discussing how to optimize the signal-to-noise ratio as well as statistical developments for maximizing power and accuracy in data analysis using repeated-measure ANOVAS. CONTRIBUTORS Denis Brunet, Douglas Cheyne, Marzia De Lucia, Sam M. Doesburg, John J. Foxe, Karl J. Friston, Marta I. Garrido, Sara L. Gonzalez Andino, Rolando Grave de Peralta Menendez, Jessica J. Green, Todd C. Handy, Anthony T. Herdman, Stefan J. Kiebel, Edmund C. Lalor, Theodor Landis, Teresa Y. L. Liu Ambrose, John. J. McDonald, Christoph M. Michel, Marla J. S. Mickleborough, Micah M. Murray, Lindsay S. Nagamatsu, Barak A. Pearlmutter, Durk Talsma, Gregor Thut, Anne-Laura van Harmelen, Lawrence M. Ward

Erik De Schutter is Principal Investigator and Head of the Computational Neuroscience Unit at the Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, Japan, and Head of the Theoretical Neurobiology Laboratory in the Department of Biomedical Sciences at the University of Antwerp, Belgium.

Todd C. Handy is Associate Professor in the Psychology Department at the University of British Columbia, where he runs the Neuroimaging Lab. He is the editor of EventRelated Potentials: A Methods Handbook (MIT Press, 2004).

November — 7 x 9, 432 pp. — 85 illus.

September — 7 x 9, 264 pp. — 12 color illus., 56 black & white illus.

$50.00S/£37.95 cloth 978-0-262-01327-7 Computational Neuroscience series

88

$55.00S/£40.95 cloth 978-0-262-01308-6

PROFESSIONAL cognitive neuroscience

cognitive science/philosophy

THE GENETICS OF COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE

MENTAL REALITY

edited by Terry E. Goldberg and Daniel R. Weinberger

Second Edition, with a new appendix

It has long been known that aspects of behavior run in families; studies show that characteristics related to cognition, temperament, and all major psychiatric disorders are heritable. This volume offers a primer on understanding the genetic mechanisms of such inherited traits. It proposes a set of tools — a conceptual basis — for critically evaluating recent studies and offers a survey of results from the latest research in the emerging fields of cognitive genetics and imaging genetics. The chapters emphasize fundamental issues regarding the design of experiments, the use of bioinformatic tools, the integration of data from different levels of analysis, and the validity of findings, arguing that associations between genes and cognitive processes must be replicable and placed in a neurobiological context for validation. The Genetics of Cognitive Neuroscience aims to give the reader a working understanding of the influence of specific genetic variants on cognition, affective regulation, personality, and central nervous system disorders. With its emphasis on general methodological points, it will remain a valuable resource in a fast-evolving field. CONTRIBUTORS Kristin L. Bigos, Katherine E. Burdick, Jingshan Chen, Aiden Corvin, Jeffrey L. Cummings, Ian J. Deary, Gary Donahoe, Eco J. C. de Geus, Jin Fan, Erika E. Forbes, John Fossella, Terry E. Goldberg, Ahmad R. Hariri, Lucas Kempf, Anil K. Malhotra, Venkata S. Mattay, Lauren M. McGrath. Kristin K. Nicodemus, Francesco Papaleo, Bruce F. Pennington, Michael I. Posner, Danielle Posthuma, John M. Ringman, Shelley D. Smith, Daniel R. Weinberger, Fengyu Zhang Terry E. Goldberg is Professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Director of Neurocognitive Research at the Zucker Hillside Hospital’s Psychiatry Research Division and the Litwin Zucker Alzheimer’s Research Center at the Long Island Medical Center in Manhasset, New York. Daniel R. Weinberger is Chief of the Clinical Brain Disorders Branch and Director of the Genes, Cognition, and Psychosis Program at the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) of the National Institutes of Heath (NIH) in Bethesda, Maryland. October — 7 x 9, 280 pp. — 13 illus. $55.00S/£40.95 cloth 978-0-262-01307-9 Issues in Clinical and Cognitive Neuropsychology series

Galen Strawson In Mental Reality, Galen Strawson argues that much contemporary philosophy of mind gives undue primacy of place to publicly observable phenomena, nonmental phenomena, and behavioral phenomena (understood as publicly observable phenomena) in its account of the nature of mind. It does so at the expense of the phenomena of conscious experience. Strawson describes an alternative position, “naturalized Cartesianism,” which couples the materialist view that mind is entirely natural and wholly physical with a fully realist account of the nature of conscious experience. Naturalized Cartesianism is an adductive (as opposed to reductive) form of materialism. Adductive materialists claim that the physical is something more than we ordinarily conceive it to be, given that many of the wholly physical goings on in the brain constitute — literally are — conscious experiences as we ordinarily conceive them. Since naturalized Cartesianism downgrades the place of reference to nonmental and publicly observable phenomena in an adequate account of mental phenomena, Strawson considers in detail the question of what part such reference still has to play. He argues that it is a mistake to think that all behavioral phenomena are publicly observable phenomena. This revised and expanded edition of Mental Reality includes a new appendix, which thoroughly revises the account of intentionality given in chapter 7. Galen Strawson taught philosophy at the University of Oxford for twenty years before moving to the University of Reading in 2001. He was Distinguished Professor of Philosophy at the City University of New York Graduate Center from 2004-2007.

PRAISE FOR THE FIRST EDITION

“Perhaps the most detailed and convincing refutation of behaviorism given yet in philosophy.” — Times Literary Supplement “Strawson’s inquiry explores a remarkable range of hard questions with care and insight.” — Noam Chomsky, Philosophy and Phenomenological Research November — 6 x 9, 400 pp. $32.00S/£23.95 paper 978-0-262-51310-4 Representation and Mind series A Bradford Book

89

PROFESSIONAL philosophy of mind

philosophy of mind

RADICAL EMBODIED COGNITIVE SCIENCE

COGNITION AND PERCEPTION

Anthony Chemero While philosophers of mind have been arguing over the status of mental representations in cognitive science, cognitive scientists have been quietly engaged in studying perception, action, and cognition without explaining them in terms of mental representation. In this book, Anthony Chemero describes this nonrepresentational approach (which he terms radical embodied cognitive science), puts it in historical and conceptual context, and applies it to traditional problems in the philosophy of mind. Radical embodied cognitive science is a direct descendant of the American naturalist psychology of William James and John Dewey, and follows them in viewing perception and cognition to be understandable only in terms of action in the environment. Chemero argues that cognition should be described in terms of agent-environment dynamics rather than in terms of computation and representation. After outlining this orientation to cognition, Chemero proposes a methodology: dynamical systems theory, which would explain things dynamically and without reference to representation. He also advances a background theory: Gibsonian ecological psychology, “shored up” and clarified. Chemero then looks at some traditional philosophical problems (reductionism, epistemological skepticism, metaphysical realism, consciousness) through the lens of radical embodied cognitive science and concludes that the comparative ease with which it resolves these problems, combined with its empirical promise, makes this approach to cognitive science a rewarding one. “Jerry Fodor is my favorite philosopher,” Chemero writes in his preface, adding, “I think that Jerry Fodor is wrong about nearly everything.” With this book, Chemero explains nonrepresentational, dynamical, ecological cognitive science as clearly and as rigorously as Jerry Fodor explained computational cognitive science in his classic work The Language of Thought. Anthony Chemero is Associate Professor in the Scientific and Philosophical Studies of Mind Program at Franklin and Marshall College.

How Do Psychology and Neural Science Inform Philosophy? Athanassios Raftopoulos In Cognition and Perception, Athanassios Raftopoulos discusses the cognitive penetrability of perception and claims that there is a part of visual processes (which he calls “perception”) that results in representational states with nonconceptual content; that is, a part that retrieves information from visual scenes in conceptually unmediated, “bottom-up,” theory-neutral ways. Raftopoulos applies this insight to problems in philosophy of science, philosophy of mind, and epistemology, and examines how we access the external world through our perception as well as what we can know of that world. To show that there is a theory-neutral part of existence, Raftopoulos turns to cognitive science and argues that there is substantial scientific evidence. He then claims that perception induces representational states with nonconceptual content and examines the nature of the nonconceptual content. The nonconceptual information retrieved, he argues, does not allow the identification or recognition of an object but only its individuation as a discrete persistent object with certain spatiotemporal properties and other features. Object individuation, however, suffices to determine the referents of perceptual demonstratives. Raftopoulos defends his account in the context of current discussions on the issue of the theory-ladenness of perception (namely the Fodor-Churchland debate), and then discusses the repercussions of his thesis for problems in the philosophy of science. Finally, Raftopoulos claims that there is a minimal form of realism that is defensible. This minimal realism holds that objects, their spatiotemporal properties, and such features as shape, orientation, and motion are real, mind-independent properties in the world. Athanassios Raftopoulos is Associate Professor of Epistemology and Cognitive Science in the Department of Psychology at the University of Cyprus. August — 6 x 9, 448 pp. — 2 illus. $45.00S/£33.95 cloth 978-0-262-01321-5 A Bradford Book

October — 6 x 9, 272 pp. — 19 illus. $30.00S/£22.95 cloth 978-0-262-01322-2 A Bradford Book

90

PROFESSIONAL philosophy

philosophy

FREE WILL AS AN OPEN SCIENTIFIC PROBLEM

TYPES AND TOKENS

Mark Balaguer In this largely antimetaphysical treatment of free will and determinism, Mark Balaguer argues that the philosophical problem of free will boils down to an open scientific question about the causal histories of certain kinds of neural events. In the course of his argument, Balaguer provides a naturalistic defense of the libertarian view of free will. Balaguer claims that the compatibilism debate (the question of whether free will is compatible with determinism) is essentially irrelevant to metaphysical questions about the nature of human freedom, most notably “Do humans have free will?” The questions “What is free will?” and “Which kinds of freedom are required for moral responsibility?” are likewise argued to be irrelevant to substantive questions about the metaphysics of human free will. The metaphysical component of the problem of free will, Balaguer argues, essentially boils down to the question of whether humans possess libertarian free will. Furthermore, he argues that, contrary to the traditional wisdom, the libertarian question reduces to a question about indeterminacy — in particular, to a straightforward empirical question about whether certain neural events in our heads are causally undetermined in a certain specific way; in other words, Balaguer argues that the right kind of indeterminacy would bring with it all of the other requirements for libertarian free will. Finally, he argues that because there is no good evidence as to whether or not the relevant neural events are undetermined in the way that’s required, the question of whether human beings possess libertarian free will is a wide open empirical question. Mark Balaguer is Professor and Chair of the Department of Philosophy at California State University, Los Angeles. He is the author of Platonism and Anti-Platonism in Mathematics. December — 6 x 9, 208 pp.

On Abstract Objects Linda Wetzel There is a widely recognized but infrequently discussed distinction between the spatiotemporal furniture of the world (tokens) and the types of which they are instances. Words come in both types and tokens — for example, there is only one word type ‘the’ but there are numerous tokens of it on this page — as do symphonies, bears, chess games, and many other types of things. In this book, Linda Wetzel examines the distinction between types and tokens and argues that types exist (as abstract objects, since they lack a unique spatiotemporal location). Wetzel demonstrates the ubiquity of references to (and quantifications over) types in science and ordinary language; types have to be reckoned with, and cannot simply be swept under the rug. Wetzel argues that there are such things as types by undermining the epistemological arguments against abstract objects and offering extended original arguments demonstrating the failure of nominalistic attempts to paraphrase away such references to (and quantifications over) types. She then focuses on the relation between types and their tokens, especially for words, showing for the first time that there is nothing that all tokens of a type need have in common other than being tokens of that type. Finally, she considers an often-overlooked problem for realism having to do with types occurring in other types (such as words in a sentence) and proposes an important and original solution, extending her discussion from words and expressions to other types that structurally involve other types (flags and stars and stripes; molecules and atoms; sonatas and notes). Linda Wetzel is Associate Professor in the Department of Philosophy at Georgetown University. September — 6 x 9, 192 pp. $35.00S/£25.95 cloth 978-0-262-01301-7

$35.00S/£25.95 cloth 978-0-262-01354-3 A Bradford Book

91

PROFESSIONAL linguistics

linguistics

BIOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS AND ORIGIN OF SYNTAX

HYPOTHESIS A/HYPOTHESIS B

edited by Derek Bickerton and Eörs Szathmáry Syntax is arguably the most human-specific aspect of language. Despite the proto-linguistic capacities of some animals, syntax appears to be the last major evolutionary transition in humans that has some genetic basis. Yet what are the elements to a scenario that can explain such a transition? In this book, experts from linguistics, neurology and neurobiology, cognitive psychology, ecology and evolutionary biology, and computer modeling address this question. Unlike most previous work on the evolution of language, Biological Foundations and Origin of Syntax follows through on a growing consensus among researchers that language can be profitably separated into a number of related and interacting but largely autonomous functions, each of which may have a distinguishable evolutionary history and neurological base. The contributors argue that syntax is such a function. The book describes the current state of research on syntax in different fields, with special emphasis on areas in which the findings of particular disciplines might shed light on problems faced by other disciplines. It defines areas where consensus has been established with regard to the nature, infrastructure, and evolution of the syntax of natural languages; summarizes and evaluates contrasting approaches in areas that remain controversial; and suggests lines for future research to resolve at least some of these disputed issues. Derek Bickerton is Professor Emeritus in Linguistics at the University of Hawaii. He is the coauthor (with William Calvin) of Lingua ex Machina (MIT Press, 2000) and the author of Language and Species and other books. Eörs Szathmáry is Permanent Fellow at Collegium Budapest, Research Fellow at the Parmenides Foundation, Munich, and Professor of Biology at Eötvös University, Budapest. He is the coauthor (with John Maynard Smith) of The Origins of Life. October — 6 x 9, 430 pp. 20 color illus., 40 black & white illus.

Linguistic Explorations in Honor of David M. Perlmutter edited by Donna B. Gerdts, John C. Moore, and Maria Polinsky Anyone who has studied linguistics in the last half-century has been affected by the work of David Perlmutter. One of the era’s most versatile linguists, he is perhaps best known as the founder (with Paul Postal) of Relational Grammar, but he has also made contributions to areas ranging from theoretical morphology to sign language phonology. Hypothesis A/Hypothesis B (the title evokes Perlmutter’s characteristic style of linguistic argumentation) offers twenty-three essays by Perlmutter’s colleagues and former students. Many of the contributions deal with the study of the world’s languages (including Indo-European languages, sign language, and languages of the Americas), reflecting the influence of Perlmutter’s cross-linguistic research and meticulous analysis of empirical data. Other topics include grammatical relations and their mapping; unaccusatives, impersonals, and the like; complex verbs, complex clauses, and Wh-constructions; and the nature of sign language. Perlmutter, currently Professor Emeritus at the University of California, San Diego, and still actively engaged in the field, opens the volume with the illuminating and entertaining essay, “My Path in Linguistics.” CONTRIBUTORS Judith Aissen, Mark Aronoff, Leonard H. Babby, Nicoleta Bateman, J. Albert Bickford, Sandra Chung, William D. Davies, Stanley Dubinsky, Katarzyna Dziwirek, Patrick Farrell, Donald G. Frantz, Donna B. Gerdts, Alice C. Harris, Brian D. Joseph, Géraldine Legendre, Philip S. LeSourd, Joan Maling, Stephen A. Marlett, Diane Lillo-Martin, James McCloskey, Richard P. Meier, Irit Meir, John C. Moore, Carol A. Padden, Maria Polinsky, Eduardo P. Raposo, Richard A. Rhodes, Wendy Sandler, Paul Smolensky, Annie Zaenen Donna B. Gerdts is Professor of Linguistics at Simon Fraser University. John C. Moore is Professor and Chair in the Department of Linguistics at the University of California, San Diego. Maria Polinsky is Professor of Linguistics at Harvard University.

$45.00S/£33.95 cloth 978-0-262-01356-7

January — 7 x 9, 528 pp. — 33 illus.

Strüngmann Forum Reports

$35.00S/£25.95 paper 978-0-262-63356-7 $70.00S/£51.95 cloth 978-0-262-13487-3 Current Studies in Linguistics 49

92

PROFESSIONAL linguistics

linguistics

THE LOCATIVE SYNTAX OF EXPERIENCERS

DISTRIBUTED REDUPLICATION

Idan Landau

A convincing account of reduplicative phenomena has been a longstanding problem for rule-based theories of morphophonology. Many scholars believe that derivational phonology is incapable in principle of analyzing reduplication. In Distributed Reduplication, John Frampton demonstrates the adequacy of rule-based theories by providing a general account within that framework and illustrating his proposal with extensive examples of widely varying reduplicatation schemes from many languages. His analysis is based on new proposals about the structure of autosegmental representations. Although Frampton offers many new ideas about the computations that are put to use in reduplicative phonology, some fairly radical, his intent is conservative: to provide evidence that the model of the phonological computation developed by Chomsky and Halle in 1968 is fundamentally correct — that surface forms are produced by the successive modification of underlying forms. Frampton’s theory accounts for the surface properties of reduplicative morphemes by operations that are distributed at various points in the morphophonology rather than by a single operation applied at a single point. Lexical insertion, prosodic adjustment, and copying can each make a contribution to the output at different points in the computation of surface form. Frampton discusses particular reduplicative processes in many languages as he develops his general theory. The final chapter provides an extensive sequence of detailed case studies. Appendixes offer additional material on the No Crossing Constraint, the autosegmental structure of reduplicative representations, linearization, and concatenative versus nonconcatenative morphology. This volume will play a major role in the main debate of current phonological research: what is the nature of the phonological computation?

Experiencers — grammatical participants that undergo a certain psychological change or are in such a state — are grammatically special. As objects ( John scared Mary; loud music annoys me), experiencers display two peculiar clusters of nonobject properties across different languages: their syntax is often typical of oblique arguments and their semantic scope is typical of subjects. In The Locative Syntax of Experiencers, Idan Landau investigates this puzzling correlation and argues that experiencers are syntactically coded as (mental) locations. Drawing on results from a range of languages and theoretical frameworks, Landau examines the far-reaching repercussions of this simple claim. Landau shows that all experiencer objects are grammaticalized as locative phrases, introduced by a dative/locative preposition. “Bare” experiencer objects are in fact oblique, too, the preposition being null. This preposition accounts for the oblique psych(ological) properties, attested in case alternations, cliticization, resumption, restrictions on passive formation, and so on. As locatives, object experiencers may undergo locative inversion, giving rise to the common phenomenon of quirky experiencers. When covert, this inversion endows object experiencers with wide scope, attested in control, binding, and wh-quantifier interactions. Landau’s synthesis thus provides a novel solution to some of the oldest puzzles in the generative study of psychological verbs. The Locative Syntax of Experiencers offers the most comprehensive description of the syntax of psychological verbs to date, documenting their special properties in more than twenty languages. Its basic theoretical claim is readily translatable into alternative frameworks. Existing accounts of psychological verbs either consider very few languages or fail to incorporate other theoretical frameworks; this study takes a broader perspective, informed by findings of four decades of research. Idan Landau is Associate Professor of Linguistics at BenGurion University. November — 6 x 9, 176 pp. $26.00S/£19.95 paper 978-0-262-51306-7 $52.00S/£38.95 cloth 978-0-262-01330-7

John Frampton

John Frampton is Associate Professor of Mathematics at Northeastern University. He has published widely on linguistics and mathematics. September — 6 x 9, 220 pp. $32.00S/£23.95 paper 978-0-262-51353-1 $64.00S/£47.95 cloth 978-0-262-01326-0 Linguistic Inquiry Monograph 52

Linguistic Inquiry Monograph 53

93

PROFESSIONAL linguistics

economics

WHY AGREE? WHY MOVE?

CHIPS AND CHANGE

Unifying Agreement-based and Discourse Configurational Languages Shigeru Miyagawa

How Crisis Reshapes the Semiconductor Industry Clair Brown and Greg Linden

An unusual property of human language is the existence of movement operations. Modern syntactic theory from its inception has dealt with the puzzle of why movement should occur. In this monograph, Shigeru Miyagawa combines this question with another, that of the occurrence of agreement systems. Using data from a wide range of languages, he argues that movement and agreement work in tandem to achieve a specific goal: to imbue natural language with enormous expressive power. Without movement and agreement, he contends, human language would be merely a shadow of itself, with severe limitation on what can be expressed. Miyagawa investigates a variety of languages, including English, Japanese, Bantu languages, Romance languages, Finnish, and Chinese. He finds that every language manifests some kind of agreement, some in the form of the familiar person/number/gender system and others in the form of what Katalin É. Kiss calls “discourse configurational” features such as topic and focus. A key proposal of his argument is that the computational system in syntax deals with the wide range of agreement types uniformly — as if there were just one system — and an integral part of this computation turns out to be movement. Why Agree? Why Move? is unique in proposing a unified system for movement and agreement across language groups that are vastly diverse — Bantu languages, East Asian languages, Indo-European languages, and others.

For decades the semiconductor industry has been a driver of global economic growth and social change. Semiconductors, particularly the microchips essential to most electronic devices, have transformed computing, communications, entertainment, and industry. In Chips and Change, Clair Brown and Greg Linden trace the industry over more than twenty years through eight technical and competitive crises that forced it to adapt in order to continue its exponential rate of improved chip performance. The industry’s changes have in turn shifted the basis on which firms hold or gain global competitive advantage. These eight interrelated crises do not have tidy beginnings and ends. Most, in fact, are still ongoing, often in altered form. The U.S. semiconductor industry’s fear that it would be overtaken by Japan in the 1980s, for example, foreshadows current concerns over the new global competitors China and India. The intersecting crises of rising costs for both design and manufacturing are compounded by consumer pressure for lower prices. Other crises discussed in the book include the industry’s steady march toward the limits of physics, the fierce competition that keeps its profits modest even as development costs soar, and the global search for engineering talent. Other high-tech industries face crises of their own, and the semiconductor industry has much to teach about how industries are transformed in response to such powerful forces as technological change, shifting product markets, and globalization. Chips and Change also offers insights into how chip firms have developed, defended, and, in some cases, lost global competitive advantage.

Shigeru Miyagawa is Professor of Linguistics and KochiManjiro Professor of Japanese Language and Culture at MIT. He is the author of Structure and Case Marking in Japanese and the coeditor of Oxford Handbook of Japanese Linguistics. Dcember — 6 x 9, 200 pp. $25.00S/£18.95 paper 978-0-262-51355-5 $50.00S/£37.95 cloth 978-0-262-01361-1 Linguistic Inquiry Monograph 54

Clair Brown is Professor of Economics and Director, Center for Work, Technology, and Society (CWTS) at the University of California, Berkeley. Her recent research has focused on hightech workers, firm employment systems and performance, and wage dynamics. Greg Linden is a Senior Researcher at CWTS and a consultant specializing in the economics of the global electronics industry. September — 6 x 9, 256 pp. — 22 illus. $35.00S/£25.95 cloth 978-0-262-01346-8

94

PROFESSIONAL economics

economics

EXCHANGE RATE REGIMES IN THE MODERN ERA

UNDERSTANDING INFLATION AND THE IMPLICATIONS FOR MONETARY POLICY

Michael W. Klein and Jay C. Shambaugh The exchange rate is sometimes called the most important price in a highly globalized world. A country’s choice between government-managed fixed rates and market-determined floating rates has significant implications for monetary policy, trade, and macroeconomic outcomes, and is the subject of both academic and policy debate. In this book, two leading economists examine the operation and consequences of exchange rate regimes in an era of increasing international interdependence. Michael Klein and Jay Shambaugh focus on the evolution of exchange rate regimes since 1973, identifying the period following the Bretton Woods Agreement (which itself followed the pre-World War I gold standard era) as “the modern era” in international exchange rate regimes. The modern era is marked by a wide variety of experiences with exchange rate regimes, both across and within countries, providing a rich body of data for studying the economic effects of these exchange rate regimes. Klein and Shambaugh offer a comprehensive, integrated treatment of the period. The book draws on and synthesizes data from the recent wave of empirical research on this topic, and includes new findings that challenge preconceived notions about exchange rate regimes and their effects. Michael W. Klein is Professor of International Economics at Tufts University’s Fletcher School. He is the coauthor of Job Creation, Job Destruction, and International Competition and the author of Mathematical Models for Economics. Jay C. Shambaugh is Associate Professor of Economics at Dartmouth College. Both have research affiliations with the National Bureau of Economic Research. January — 6 x 9, 264 pp. — 10 illus. $40.00S/£29.95 cloth 978-0-262-01365-9

A Phillips Curve Retrospective edited by Jeff Fuhrer, Jane Sneddon Little, Yolanda K. Kodrzycki, and Giovanni P. Olivei foreword by Paul A. Samuelson In 1958, economist A. W. Phillips published an article describing what he observed to be the inverse relationship between inflation and unemployment; subsequently, the “Phillips curve” became a central concept in macroeconomic analysis and policymaking. But today’s Phillips curve is not the same as the original one from fifty years ago; the economy, our understanding of price setting behavior, the determinants of inflation, and the role of monetary policy have evolved significantly since then. In this book, some of the top economists working today reexamine the theoretical and empirical validity of the Phillips curve in its more recent specifications. The contributors consider such questions as what economists have learned about price and wage setting and inflation expectations that would improve the way we use and formulate the Phillips curve, what the Phillips curve approach can teach us about inflation dynamics, and how these lessons can be applied to improving the conduct of monetary policy. CONTRIBUTORS Lawrence Ball, Ben Bernanke, Oliver Blanchard, V. V. Chari, William T. Dickens, Stanley Fischer, Jeff Fuhrer, Jordi Gali, Michael T. Kiley, Robert G. King, Donald L. Kohn, Yolanda K. Kodrzycki, Jane Sneddon Little, Bartisz Maćkowiak, N. Gregory Mankiw, Virgiliu Midrigan, Giovanni P. Olivei, Athanasios Orphanides, Adrian R. Pagan, Christopher A. Pissarides, Lucrezia Reichlin, Paul A. Samuelson, Christopher A. Sims, Frank R. Smets, Robert M. Solow, Jürgen Stark, James H. Stock, Lars E. O. Svensson, John B. Taylor, Mark W. Watson Jeff Fuhrer, Jane Little, Yolanda Kodrzycki, and Giovanni Olivei are economists in the Research Department at the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston. September — 6 x 9, 450 pp. $45.00S/£33.95 cloth 978-0-262-01363-5

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JOURNALS architecture/design

political science/international affairs

DESIGN ISSUES

WORLD POLICY JOURNAL

Bruce Brown, Richard Buchanan, Dennis Doordan, and Victor Margolin, editors

David A. Andelman, editor

The first American academic journal to examine design history, theory, and criticism, Design Issues provokes inquiry into the cultural and intellectual issues surrounding design. Special guest-edited issues concentrate on particular themes, such as science and technology studies, design research, and design critisicm. Quarterly, ISSN 0747-9360 Winter/Spring/Summer/Autumn 112 pp. per issue — 7 x 10, illustrated http://mitpressjournals.org/di

World Policy Journal is a highly respected and widely cited forum on international relations. In addition to policy articles, World Policy Journal includes historical and cultural essays, book reviews, profiles, and reportage. Quarterly, ISSN 0740-2775 Spring/Summer/Fall/Winter http://mitpressjournals.org/wpj World Policy Journal is published by MIT Press for the World Policy Institute.

INTERNATIONAL SECURITY Steven E. Miller, editor-in-chief

GREY ROOM Karen Beckman, Branden W. Joseph, Reinhold Martin, Tom McDonough, and Felicity D. Scott, editors Grey Room brings together scholarly and theoretical articles from the fields of architecture, art, media, and politics to forge a cross-disciplinary discourse uniquely relevant to contemporary concerns. In its first eight years, Grey Room has published some of the most interesting and original work within these disciplines, positioning itself at the forefront of the most current aesthetic and critical debates. Quarterly, ISSN 1526-3819 Fall/Winter/Spring/Summer 128 pp. per issue — 6 3/4 x 9 1/2, illustrated http://mitpressjournals.org/grey

International Security publishes lucid, well-documented essays on the full range of contemporary security issues. Its articles address traditional policy issues such as war and peace, as well as more recent dimensions of security, including the growing importance of environmental, demographic, and humanitarian issues, and the rise of global terrorist networks. Quarterly, ISSN 0162-2889 Summer/Fall/Winter/Spring 200 pp. per issue — 6 3/4 x 10 http://mitpressjournals.org/is

INNOVATIONS: TECHNOLOGYI GOVERNANCEIGLOBALIZATION Philip Auerswald and Iqbal Z. Quadir, editors Innovations is about entrepreneurial solutions to global challenges. The journal features cases authored by exceptional innovators; commentary and research from leading academics; and essays from globally recognized executives and political leaders. The journal is jointly hosted at George Mason University’s School of Public Policy, Harvard's Kennedy School of Government, and MIT’s Legatum Center for Development and Entrepreneurship. Quarterly, ISSN 1558-2477 Winter/Spring/Summer/Fall 112 pp. per issue – 7 x 10 http://mitpressjournals.org/itgg

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JOURNALS economics

economics

JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC ASSOCIATION Fabrizio Zilbotti, editor Journal of the European Economic Association replaces the European Economic Review as the official journal of the association. Publishing articles of the highest scientific quality, JEEA is an outlet for theoretical and empirical work of global relevance. The journal is committed to promoting the EEA mission: the development and application of economics as a science, and the communication and exchange among teachers, students and researchers in economics.

THE REVIEW OF ECONOMICS AND STATISTICS Alberto Abadie, Philippe Aghion, Michael Greenstone, Dani Rodrik, and Mark W. Watson, editors The Review of Economics and Statistics is a distinguished general journal of applied (especially quantitative) economics. Edited at Harvard University’s Kennedy School of Government, The Review publishes the field’s most important articles in empirical economics, and, from time to time, symposia devoted to a single topic of methodological or empirical interest. Quarterly, ISSN 0034-6535 February/May/August/November 192 pp. per issue – 8 1/2 x 11 http://mitpressjournals.org/rest

Six times per year, ISSN 1542-4766 March/April-May/June/September/December 192 pp. per issue – 6 x 9 http://mitpressjournals.org/jeea

THE QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS Robert J. Barro, Elhanan Helpman, and Lawrence F. Katz, editors The Quarterly Journal of Economics is the oldest professional journal of economics in the English language. Edited at Harvard University’s Department of Economics, it covers all aspects of the field — from the journal’s traditional emphasis on microtheory, to both empirical and theoretical macroeconomics. Quarterly, ISSN 0033-5533 February/May/August/November 350 pp. per issue – 6 x 9 http://mitpressjournals.org/qje

arts and humanities

THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LEARNING AND MEDIA — NEW FOR 2009 David Buckingham, Tara McPherson, and Katie Salen, editors The International Journal of Learning and Media (IJLM) is a groundbreaking online-only journal that provides an international forum for scholars, researchers and practitioners to explore the relationship between emerging forms of media and learning, in a variety of forms and settings. Through scholarly articles, editorials, case studies, and an active online network, IJLM will publish contributions that address the theoretical, textual, historical, and sociological dimensions of media and learning, as well as the practical and political issues at stake. Published quarterly by the MIT Press, in partnership with the Monterey Institute for Technology in Education , and with support from the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation . Quarterly, ISSN 1943-6068 Online-only http://www.ijlm.net

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JOURNALS arts and humanities

arts and humanities

DAEDALUS

THE NEW ENGLAND QUARTERLY

Phyllis Bendell, managing editor Founded in 1955 as the Journal of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Daedalus draws on the enormous intellectual capacity of the American Academy, whose fellows are among the nation’s most prominent thinkers in the arts, sciences, and humanities. Each issue addresses a theme with six to ten original, authoritative essays on topics of current interest in the arts and sciences. Quarterly, ISSN 0011-5266 Winter/Spring/Summer/Fall 128 pp. per issue — 7 x 10 http://mitpressjournals.org/daed

LEONARDO/ LEONARDO MUSIC JOURNAL

Linda Smith Rhoads, editor For three-quarters of a century, The New England Quarterly has published the best that has been written on New England’s cultural, political, and social history. Contributions cover a range of time periods, from before European colonization to the present, and any subject germane to New England’s history. Quarterly, ISSN 0028-4866 March/June/September/December 176 pp. per issue — 6 x 9 http://mitpressjournals.org/neq

OCTOBER Rosalind Krauss, Annette Michelson, George Baker, Yve-Alain Bois, Benjamin H. D. Buchloh, Hal Foster, Denis Hollier, Carrie Lambert-Beatty, Mignon Nixon, and Malcolm Turvey, editors Original, innovative, and provocative, October presents the best and most current criticism about the contemporary arts, including film, painting, sculpture, photography, performance, music, and literature.

Roger F. Malina, executive editor Nicolas Collins, LMJ editor-in-chief Leonardo is the leading international journal in the application of contemporary science and technology to the arts and music. The companion annual journal, Leonardo Music Journal (including CD), features the latest in music, multimedia art, sound science, and technology. Six times per year, ISSN 0024-094X February/April/June/August/October/December 100 pp. per issue — 8 1/2 x 11, illustrated http://mitpressjournals.org/leon

COMPUTER MUSIC JOURNAL Douglas Keislar, editor For computer enthusiasts, musicians, composers, scientists, and engineers, this is the essential resource for contemporary electronic music and computer-generated sound. An annual music disc accompanies the last issue of each volume. Quarterly, ISSN 0148-9267 Spring/Summer/Fall/Winter 128 pp. per issue — 8 1/2 x 11, illustrated http://mitpressjournals.org/cmj

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Quarterly, ISSN 0162-2870 Winter/Spring/Summer/Fall 176 pp. per issue — 7 x 9 http://mitpressjournals.org/october

AFRICAN ARTS Marla C. Berns, Steven Nelson, Allen F. Roberts, Mary Nooter Roberts, and Doran H. Ross, editors African Arts is devoted to the study and discussion of traditional, contemporary, and popular African arts and expressive cultures. Since 1967, readers have enjoyed high-quality visual depictions, cutting-edge explorations of theory and practice, and critical dialogue. Each issue features a core of peer-reviewed scholarly articles. Quarterly, ISSN 0001-9933 Spring/Summer/Fall/Winter 88-100 pp. per issue — 8 1/2 x 11, illustrated http://mitpressjournals.org/afar Published quarterly by the James S. Coleman African Studies Center and distributed by The MIT Press

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INDEX Acting with Technology, Kaptelinin 54 After America's Midlife Crisis, Gecan 27 Agamben, The Signature of All Things 45 Alberro, Institutional Critique 14 Aligning Modern Business Processes and Legacy Systems, van den Heuvel 54 Amerika, META/DATA 50 Amsden, Escape from Empire 48 Arcade, Bad Reputation 36 Architecture's Desire, Hays 25 Art as Existence, Guercio 49 Art of Agent-Oriented Modeling, Sterling 69 Art School, Madoff 11 Asylum, Payne 2 Austere Realism, Horgan 59 Baber, Global Democracy and Sustainable Jurisprudence 83 Bad Reputation, Arcade 36 Badash, A Nuclear Winter's Tale 77 Balaguer, Free Will as an Open Scientific Problem 91 Barsky, The Chomsky Effect 48 Batchen, Photography Degree Zero 21 Benderson, Pacific Agony 35 Berardi, The Soul at Work 39 Berman, Radical, Religious, and Violent 5 Berry, Tim Rollins and K.O.S. 12 Beyer, Grace Hopper and the Invention of the Information Age 32 Bhagwati, Offshoring of American Jobs 33 Bickerton, Biological Foundations and Origin of Syntax 92 Biermann, Managers of Global Change 82 Bijker, The Paradox of Scientific Authority 74 Biological Emergences, Reid 58 Biological Foundations and Origin of Syntax, Bickerton 92 Biomedical Signal Analysis, Theis 85 Blesser, Spaces Speak, Are You Listening? 49 Bois, Gabriel Orozco 19 Bond, Lacan at the Scene 22 Book of Michael of Rhodes, Volume 1: Facsimile, McGee 76 Book of Michael of Rhodes, Volume 2: Transcription and Translation, Stahl 76 Book of Michael of Rhodes, Volume 3: Studies, Long 76 Brain Signal Analysis, Handy 88 Braman, Change of State 53 Brendel, Healing Psychiatry 57 Brock, Robotics 69 Brown, Chips and Change 94 Brown, Health and Medicine on Display 73 Brown, Science in Democracy 78 Brynjolfsson, Wired for Innovation 8 Buchloh, Gerhard Richter 18 Callebaut, Modularity 58 Cantor, Making Medical Decisions for the Profoundly Mentally Disabled 56

102

Castells, Mobile Communication and Society 52 Casual Revolution, Juul 4 Change of State, Braman 53 Changing Climates in North American Politics, Selin 80 Chaos and Organization in Health Care, Lee 34 Cheating, Consalvo 53 Chemero, Radical Embodied Cognitive Science 90 Chess Metaphors, Rasskin-Gutman 7 Chips and Change, Brown 94 Chomsky Effect, Barsky 48 Cognition and Perception, Raftopoulos 90 Cognitive Neurosciences, fourth edition, Gazzaniga 86 Combinatorics of Genome Rearrangements, Fertin 84 Coming Insurrection, The Invisible Committee 38 Communities of Play, Pearce 30 Computational Modeling Methods for Neuroscientists, De Schutter 88 Computational Nature of Language Learning and Evolution, Niyogi 61 Confronting Income Inequality in Japan, Tachibanaki 65 Consalvo, Cheating 53 Constraint-Based Local Search, Van Hentenryck 55 Control Theory and Systems Biology, Iglesias 84 Corburn, Toward the Healthy City 79 Cormen, Introduction to Algorithms, third edition 66 Cracked Media, Kelly 13 Crist, Gaia in Turmoil 81 Critical Play, Flanagan 29 Dada in Paris, Sanouillet 20 Dalzell, Engineering Invention 72 De Lingua Belief, Fiengo 60 De Schutter, Computational Modeling Methods for Neuroscientists 88 DeNardis, Protocol Politics 73 Dendritic Spines, Yuste 87 Disorders of Volition, Sebanz 61 Distributed Reduplication, Frampton 93 Doherty, Situation 16 Doing, Velvet Revolution at the Synchrotron 74 Drawing for Architecture, Krier 24 Dybvig, The Scheme Programming Language, fourth edition 67 Enemy of All, Heller-Roazen 43 Engineering Invention, Dalzell 72 Engineering Play, Ito 28 Escape from Empire, Amsden 48 Exchange Rate Regimes in the Modern Era, Klein 95 Exploring the Thalamus and Its Role in Cortical Function, second edition, Sherman 63 Expressive Processing, Wardrip-Fruin 31

Felleisen, Semantics Engineering with PLT Redex 68 Fertin, Combinatorics of Genome Rearrangements 84 Fiengo, De Lingua Belief 60 Financing Innovation in the United States, 1870 to Present, Lamoreaux 64 Flanagan, Critical Play 29 Frampton, Distributed Reduplication 93 Free Will as an Open Scientific Problem, Balaguer 91 From Embryology to Evo-Devo, Laubichler 57 Fuhrer, Understanding Inflation and the Implications for Monetary Policy 95 Future of Learning Institutions in a Digital Age, Davidson Gabriel Orozco, Bois 19 Gaia in Turmoil, Crist 81 Gazzaniga, The Cognitive Neurosciences, fourth edition 86 Gecan, After America's Midlife Crisis 27 Genetics of Cognitive Neuroscience, Goldberg 89 Gerdts, Hypothesis A / Hypothesis B 92 Gerhard Richter, Buchloh 18 German Issue, new edition, Lotringer 40 Gillespie, Wired Shut 52 Global Democracy and Sustainable Jurisprudence, Baber 83 Global Environmental Change and Human Security, Matthew 81 Globalization and the Poor Periphery before 1950, Williamson 65 Goethe, The Metamorphosis of Plants 1 Goldberg, The Genetics of Cognitive Neuroscience 89 Goodman, Sonic Warfare 71 Governing the Tap, Mullin 79 Grace Hopper and the Invention of the Information Age, Beyer 32 Graedel, Linkages of Sustainability 83 Gross, A Hole in the Head 87 Guercio, Art as Existence 49 Guicciardini, Isaac Newton on Mathematical Certainty and Method 75 Hales, Relativism and the Foundations of Philosophy 59 Handy, Brain Signal Analysis 88 Hanging Out, Messing Around, and Geeking Out, Ito 70 Hays, Architecture's Desire 25 Healing Psychiatry, Brendel 57 Health and Medicine on Display, Brown 73 Hecht, The Radiance of France 75 Heller-Roazen, The Enemy of All 43 Heller-Roazen, The Inner Touch 46 Henning, The Little Black Book of Grisélidis Réal 37 Hole in the Head, Gross 87 Horgan, Austere Realism 59 Human Footprints on the Global Environment, Rosa 82 Human Information Retrieval, Warner 71

INDEX Hypothesis A / Hypothesis B, Gerdts 92 Iglesias, Control Theory and Systems Biology 84 Ingmar Bergman, Cinematic Philosopher, Singer 47 Inner Presence, Revonsuo 62 Inner Touch, Heller-Roazen 46 Innovation in Cultural Systems, O’Brien 85 Institutional Critique, Alberro 14 Interface Fantasy, Nusselder 23 Introduction to Algorithms, third edition, Cormen 66 The Invisible Committee, The Coming Insurrection 38 Isaac Newton on Mathematical Certainty and Method, Guicciardini 75 Ito, Engineering Play 28 Ito, Hanging Out, Messing Around, and Geeking Out 70 Jeusfeld, Metamodeling for Method Engineering 67 Journey to Data Quality, Lee 56 Juul, A Casual Revolution 4 Kac, Signs of Life 50 Kaptelinin, Acting with Technology 54 Keller, Science in Environmental Policy 78 Kelly, Cracked Media 13 Klein, Exchange Rate Regimes in the Modern Era 95 Klein, Streetlights and Shadows 6 Knechtel, Water 10 Koller, Probabilistic Graphical Models 68 Krier, Drawing for Architecture 24 Lacan at the Scene, Bond 22 Lamoreaux, Financing Innovation in the United States, 1870 to Present 64 Landau, The Locative Syntax of Experiencers 93 Laubichler, From Embryology to Evo-Devo 57 Laws of Seeing, Metzger 63 Lee, Chaos and Organization in Health Care 34 Lee, Journey to Data Quality 56 Legge, Michael Snow 41 Linkages of Sustainability, Graedel 83 Little Black Book of Grisélidis Réal, Henning 37 Locative Syntax of Experiencers, Landau 93 Long, The Book of Michael of Rhodes, Volume 3: Studies 76 Lotringer, The German Issue, new edition 40 Ludlow, The Second Life Herald 51 Madoff, Art School 11 Making Medical Decisions for the Profoundly Mentally Disabled, Cantor 56 Malik, Sarah Lucas 42 Managers of Global Change, Biermann 82 Matthew, Global Environmental Change and Human Security 81 Maurer, WMD Terrorism 77

McGee, The Book of Michael of Rhodes, Volume 1: Facsimile 76 Meaning in Life, Volumes 1-3, Singer 47 Meaning Liam Gillick, Szewczyk 15 Mental Reality, second edition, Strawson 89 META/DATA, Amerika 50 Metamodeling for Method Engineering, Jeusfeld 67 Metamorphosis of Plants, Goethe 1 Methods in Mind, Senior 62 Metzger, Laws of Seeing 63 Michael Snow, Legge 41 Mishkin, Monetary Policy Strategy 64 Miyagawa, Why Agree? Why Move? 94 Mobile Communication and Society, Castells 52 Modularity, Callebaut 58 Monetary Policy Strategy, Mishkin 64 Morris, New Media Poetics 51 Mullin, Governing the Tap 79 New Media Poetics, Morris 51 Niyogi, The Computational Nature of Language Learning and Evolution 61 Noble, Utopias 17 Nuclear Winter's Tale, Badash 77 Nusselder, Interface Fantasy 23 O'Brien, Innovation in Cultural Systems 85 Offshoring of American Jobs, Bhagwati 33 Online Stochastic Combinatorial Optimization, Van Hentenryck 55 Ophir, The Power of Inclusive Exclusion 44 Pacific Agony, Benderson 35 Paradox of Scientific Authority, Bijker 74 Payne, Asylum 2 Pearce, Communities of Play 30 Photography Degree Zero, Batchen 21 Potoski, Voluntary Programs 80 Power of Inclusive Exclusion, Ophir 44 Probabilistic Graphical Models, Koller 68 Protocol Politics, DeNardis 73 Radiance of France, Hecht 75 Radical Embodied Cognitive Science, Chemero 90 Radical, Religious, and Violent, Berman 5 Raftopoulos, Cognition and Perception 90 Rasskin-Gutman, Chess Metaphors 7 Reid, Biological Emergences 58 Relativism and the Foundations of Philosophy, Hales 59 Revonsuo, Inner Presence 62 Robotics, Brock 69 Rosa, Human Footprints on the Global Environment 82 Sanouillet, Dada in Paris 20 Sarah Lucas, Malik 42 Scheme Programming Language, fourth edition, Dybvig 67 Science in Democracy, Brown 78 Science in Environmental Policy, Keller 78 Sebanz, Disorders of Volition 61 Second Life Herald, Ludlow 51

Selin, Changing Climates in North American Politics 80 Semantics Engineering with PLT Redex, Felleisen 68 Senior, Methods in Mind 62 Sherman, Exploring the Thalamus and Its Role in Cortical Function, second edition 63 Signature of All Things, Agamben 45 Signs of Life, Kac 50 Simple Science of Flight, revised and expanded edition, Tennekes 9 Singer, Ingmar Bergman, Cinematic Philosopher 47 Singer, Meaning in Life, Volumes 1-3 47 Situation, Doherty 16 Sonic Warfare, Goodman 71 Soul at Work, Berardi 39 Spaces Speak, Are You Listening?, Blesser 49 Stahl, The Book of Michael of Rhodes, Volume 2: Transcription and Translation 76 Sterling, The Art of Agent-Oriented Modeling 69 Strawson, Mental Reality, second edition 89 Streetlights and Shadows, Klein 6 Szewczyk, Meaning Liam Gillick 15 Tachibanaki, Confronting Income Inequality in Japan 65 Tennekes, The Simple Science of Flight, revised and expanded edition 9 Theis, Biomedical Signal Analysis 85 Tim Rollins and K.O.S., Berry 12 Tomasello, Why We Cooperate 26 Toward the Healthy City, Corburn 79 Types and Tokens, Wetzel 91 Understanding Inflation and the Implications for Monetary Policy, Fuhrer 95 Utopias, Noble 17 van den Heuvel, Aligning Modern Business Processes and Legacy Systems 54 Van Hentenryck, Constraint-Based Local Search 55 Van Hentenryck, Online Stochastic Combinatorial Optimization 55 Velvet Revolution at the Synchrotron, Doing 74 Veritas, Vision 60 Vision, Veritas 60 Voluntary Programs, Potoski 80 Wardrip-Fruin, Expressive Processing 31 Warner, Human Information Retrieval 71 Water, Knechtel 10 Wetzel, Types and Tokens 91 Why Agree? Why Move?, Miyagawa 94 Why We Cooperate, Tomasello 26 Williamson, Globalization and the Poor Periphery before 1950 65 Wired for Innovation, Brynjolfsson 8 Wired Shut, Gillespie 52 WMD Terrorism, Maurer 77 Yuste, Dendritic Spines 87

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