The Louisiana Purchase

Aaron Rohrbacker Mrs. Wright Per. 3 Section I: Political Developments a. The Louisiana Purchase- Acquisition of 828,000 square miles of Spanish territory near Louisiana. The Louisiana Purchase promoted nationalism because it began the expansion of the United States to encompass more of North America. b. Embargo- The embargo was passed by Thomas Jefferson after the “ChesapeakeLeopard affair.” In order to cut trade with Britain. The Embargo in theory was used to show that America was not dependent on any other country for trade. Although the Embargo cost America millions of dollars, it raised nationalism by showing America’s independence. c. John Marshall Supreme Court decisions: 1) McCulloch v. Maryland- The court determined that Congress had the power to charter the bank. 2) Dartmouth College v. Woodward- Allowed Dartmouth to exist as a private institution. The court ruled that the College’s corporate charter served as a contract between private parties. 3) Gibbons v. Ogden- Supreme Court had the power to regulate interstate commerce by the commerce clause of the constitution d. The War of 1812- The war of 1812 raised nationalism because it proved that the Americans were able to defeat the British twice. It showed that they didn’t need Britain any longer. e. Adams-Onis Treaty- The Adams-Onis Treaty continued the popular expansion of the United States. It laid claims to the area of Texas west to the Pacific Ocean. f. Monroe Doctrine- Made a firm statement to Britain that we no longer wanted them to colonize on North America. Raised nationalism because we were able to keep our independence. Section II: Economic Developments

Section III: Cultural Developments a. Art: 1) Hudson River School: The works of the Hudson River School inspire expansion westward. All of the paintings show an untamed/ unexplored land that they feel should be cultivated.

i.

Thomas Cole:

ii.

Asher Durand:

2) Rocky Mountain School: Reflect more westward expansion. These paintings depict the west as beautiful to entice supporters.

i.

Thomas Moran:

ii.

Albert Bierstadt:

3) Genre Artists i. William Sydney Mount: One of the first American artists to depict African Americans in a nice way. He believed that state governments should decide on whether or not they are slave states.

ii.

John Quidor: Many of John Quidor’s paintings are inspired by early American Literature. This shows the attempt to further establish America as a learned country.

b. Architecture: The architecture reflects the buildings of the Greeks and the Romans. Jefferson wanted to use the designs of the two greatest civilizations in order to build a basis for American architecture. The buildings do not depict the dark ages due to the fact that Americans want to show a rebirth of civilization.

1) Monticello:

2) University of Virginia: c. Literature: 1) Ralph Waldo Emerson- “Concord Hymn”; Its about a battle monument in Concord, Mass.; It represents the pride that Emerson has in his country. 2) Henry Wadsworth Longfellow- “The Children’s Hour”; The poem is about the ideal family. It reflects nationalism because it is a basis for how an AllAmerican family should be, it refers to his three daughters: grave Alice, and laughing Allegra, and Edith with golden hair." 3) John Greenleaf Whittier- “At Port Royal 1861”; The poem is about the Northern Abolitionists that arrived in South Carolina as missionaries for slaves who had been left behind. It shows that nationalism of the abolitionists who cared enough about America to educate former slaves so that they may become equal.