The Cronquist System

The 'Cronquist System' of Flowering Plant (Magnoliophyta) classification (Arthur Cronquist. 1988. The Evolution and Classification of Flowering Plants) MAGNOLIOPSIDA (DICOTS) SUBCLASS MAGNOLIIDAE Nymphaeaceae (Thorne) Eucommiales Didiereaceae (Thorne) Barclayaceae Eucommiaceae (Thorne) Cactaceae (Thorne) Magnoliales Cabombaceae (Thorne) Chenopodiaceae (Thorne) Winteraceae Ceratophyllaceae (Thorne) Urticales Amaranthaceae (Thorne) Degeneriaceae (Thorne) Barbeyaceae Portulacaceae (Thorne) Himantandraceae (Thorne) Ranunculales Ulmaceae (Thorne) Basellaceae (Thorne) Eupomatiaceae (Thorne) Ranunculaceae (Thorne) Cannabaceae (Thorne) Molluginaceae (Thorne) Austrobaileyaceae (Thorne) Circaeasteraceae (Thorne) Moraceae (Thorne) Caryophyllaceae (Thorne) Magnoliaceae (Thorne) Berberidaceae (Thorne) Cecropiaceae (Thorne) Lactoridaceae (Thorne) Sargentodoxaceae (Thorne) Urticaceae (Thorne) Polygonales Annonaceae (Thorne) Lardizabalaceae (Thorne) Physenaceae Polygonaceae (Thorne) Myristicaceae (Thorne) Menispermaceae (Thorne) Plumbaginales Canellaceae (Thorne) Coriariaceae (Thorne) Leitneriales Plumbaginaceae (Thorne) Sabiaceae (Thorne) Leitneriaceae (Thorne) Laurales SUBCLASS DILLENIIDAE Amborellaceae (Thorne) Papaverales Juglandales Dilleniales Trimeniaceae (Thorne) Papaveraceae (Thorne) Rhoipteleaceae (Thorne) Dilleniaceae (Thorne) Monimiaceae (Thorne) Fumariaceae Juglandaceae (Thorne) Paeoniaceae (Thorne) Gomortegaceae (Thorne) Myricales Calycanthaceae (Thorne) SUBCLASS HAMAMELIDAE Myricaceae (Thorne) Theales Idiospermaceae Trochodendrales Ochnaceae (Thorne) Lauraceae (Thorne) Tetracentraceae Fagales Sphaerosepalaceae (Thorne) Hernandiaceae (Thorne) Trochodendraceae (Thorne) Balanopaceae (Thorne) Sarcolaenaceae (Thorne) Ticodendraceae (Thorne) Dipterocarpaceae (Thorne) Piperales Hamamelidales Fagaceae (Thorne) Caryocaraceae (Thorne) Chloranthaceae (Thorne) Cercidiphyllaceae (Thorne) Nothofagaceae (Thorne) Theaceae (Thorne) Saururaceae (Thorne) Eupteleaceae (Thorne) Betulaceae (Thorne) Actinidiaceae (Thorne) Piperaceae (Thorne) Platanaceae (Thorne) Scytopetalaceae (Thorne) Hamamelidaceae (Thorne) Casuarinales Pentaphylacaceae (Thorne) Aristolochiales Myrothamnaceae (Thorne) Casuarinaceae (Thorne) Tetrameristaceae (Thorne) Aristolochiaceae (Thorne) Pellicieraceae (Thorne) Illiciales Daphniphyllales SUBCL CARYOPHYLLIDAE Oncothecaceae (Thorne) Illiciaceae (Thorne) Daphniphyllaceae (Thorne) Caryophyllales Marcgraviaceae (Thorne) Schisandraceae (Thorne) Phytolaccaceae (Thorne) Quiinaceae (Thorne) Didymelales Achatocarpaceae (Thorne) Elatinaceae (Thorne) Nymphaeales Didymelaceae (Thorne) Nyctaginaceae (Thorne) Paracryphiaceae (Thorne) Nelumbonaceae (Thorne) Aizoaceae (Thorne) Medusagynaceae (Thorne)

Clusiaceae (Guttiferae) (Thorne) Malvales Elaeocarpaceae (Thorne) Tiliaceae (Thorne) Sterculiaceae (Thorne) Bombacaceae (Thorne) Malvaceae (Thorne) Lecythidales Lecythidaceae (Thorne) Nepenthales Sarraceniaceae (Thorne) Nepenthaceae (Thorne) Droseraceae (Thorne) Violales Flacourtiaceae (Thorne) Peridiscaceae (Thorne) Bixaceae (Thorne) Cistaceae (Thorne) Huaceae (Thorne) Lacistemataceae (Thorne) Scyphostegiaceae (Thorne) Stachyuraceae (Thorne) Violaceae (Thorne) Tamaricaceae (Thorne) Frankeniaceae (Thorne) Dioncophyllaceae (Thorne) Ancistrocladaceae (Thorne) Turneraceae (Thorne) Malesherbiaceae (Thorne) Passifloraceae (Thorne) Achariaceae (Thorne) Caricaceae (Thorne) Fouquieriaceae (Thorne) Hoplestigmataceae (Thorne) Cucurbitaceae (Thorne)

Datiscaceae (Thorne) Begoniaceae (Thorne) Loasaceae (Thorne) Salicales Salicaceae (Thorne) Capparales Tovariaceae Capparaceae (Thorne) Brassicaceae (Cruciferae) (Thorn Moringaceae (Thorne) Resedaceae (Thorne) Batales Gyrostemonaceae (Thorne) Bataceae (Thorne) Ericales Cyrillaceae (Thorne) Clethraceae (Thorne) Grubbiaceae (Thorne) Empetraceae (Thorne) Epacridaceae (Thorne) Ericaceae (Thorne) Pyrolaceae Monotropaceae Diapensiales Diapensiaceae (Thorne) Ebenales Sapotaceae (Thorne) Ebenaceae (Thorne) Styracaceae (Thorne) Lissocarpaceae (Thorne) Symplocaceae (Thorne) Primulales Theophrastaceae (Thorne)

Myrsinaceae (Thorne) Primulaceae (Thorne)

Podestemales Podostemaceae (Thorne)

SUBCLASS ROSIDAE Rosales Brunelliaceae Connaraceae (Thorne) Eucryphiaceae Cunoniaceae (Thorne) Davidsoniaceae (Thorne) Dialypetalanthaceae (Thorne) Pittosporaceae (Thorne) Byblidaceae (Thorne) Hydrangeaceae (Thorne) Columelliaceae (Thorne) Grossulariaceae (Thorne) Greyiaceae (Thorne) Bruniaceae (Thorne) Anisophylleaceae (Thorne) Alseuosmiaceae (Thorne) Crassulaceae (Thorne) Cephalotaceae (Thorne) Saxifragaceae (Thorne) Rosaceae (Thorne) Neuradaceae (Thorne) Crossosomataceae (Thorne) Chrysobalanaceae (Thorne) Surianaceae (Thorne) Rhabdodendraceae (Thorne)

Haloragales Haloragaceae (Thorne) Gunneraceae (Thorne)

Fabales Mimosaceae Caesalpiniaceae Fabaceae (Papilionaceae) (Thorne) Proteales Elaeagnaceae (Thorne) Proteaceae (Thorne)

Myrtales Sonneratiaceae Lythraceae (Thorne) Rhynchocalycaceae (Thorne) Alzateaceae (Thorne) Penaeaceae (Thorne) Crypteroniaceae (Thorne) Thymelaeaceae (Thorne) Trapaceae (Thorne) Myrtaceae (Thorne) Punicaceae Onagraceae (Thorne) Oliniaceae (Thorne) Melastomataceae (Thorne) Combretaceae (Thorne) Rhizophorales Rhizophoraceae (Thorne) Cornales Alangiaceae (Thorne) Cornaceae (Thorne) Garryaceae (Thorne) Santalales Medusandraceae (Thorne) Dipentodontaceae (Thorne) Olacaceae (Thorne) Opiliaceae (Thorne) Santalaceae (Thorne) Misodendraceae (Thorne) Loranthaceae (Thorne)

Viscaceae (Thorne) Eremolepidaceae (Thorne) Balanophoraceae (Thorne) Rafflesiales Hydnoraceae (Thorne) Mitrastemonaceae Rafflesiaceae (Thorne) Celastrales Geissolomataceae (Thorne) Celastraceae (Thorne) Hippocrateaceae Stackhousiaceae (Thorne) Salvadoraceae (Thorne) Tepuianthaceae (Thorne) Aquifoliaceae (Thorne) Icacinaceae (Thorne) Aextoxicaceae Cardiopteridaceae (Thorne) Corynocarpaceae Dichapetalaceae (Thorne) Euphorbiales Buxaceae (Thorne) Simmondsiaceae (Thorne) Pandaceae Euphorbiaceae (Thorne) Rhamnales Rhamnaceae (Thorne) Leeaceae Vitaceae (Thorne) Linales Erythroxylaceae (Thorne) Humiriaceae (Thorne) Ixonanthaceae (Thorne) Hugoniaceae (Thorne)

Linaceae (Thorne) Polygalales Malpighiaceae (Thorne) Vochysiaceae (Thorne) Trigoniaceae (Thorne) Tremandraceae (Thorne) Polygalaceae (Thorne) Xanthophyllaceae Krameriaceae (Thorne) Sapindales Staphyleaceae (Thorne) Melianthaceae (Thorne) Bretschneideraceae (Thorne) Akaniaceae (Thorne) Sapindaceae (Thorne) Hippocastanaceae Aceraceae Burseraceae (Thorne) Anacardiaceae (Thorne) Julianiaceae Simaroubaceae (Thorne) Cneoraceae (Thorne) Meliaceae (Thorne) Rutaceae (Thorne) Zygophyllaceae (Thorne) Geraniales Oxalidaceae (Thorne) Geraniaceae (Thorne) Limnanthaceae (Thorne) Tropaeolaceae (Thorne) Balsaminaceae (Thorne) Apiales Araliaceae (Thorne) Apiaceae (Umbelliferae) (Thorne)

SUBCLASS ASTERIDAE Gentianales Loganiaceae (Thorne) Gentianaceae (Thorne) Saccifoliaceae (Thorne) Apocynaceae (Thorne) Asclepiadaceae

Globulariaceae (Thorne) Myoporaceae (Thorne) Orobanchaceae Gesneriaceae (Thorne) Acanthaceae (Thorne) Pedaliaceae (Thorne) Bignoniaceae Mendonciaceae Lentibulariaceae (Thorne)

Solanales Duckeodendraceae (Thorne) Nolanaceae Solanaceae (Thorne) Convolvulaceae (Thorne) Cuscutaceae Retziaceae Menyanthaceae (Thorne) Polemoniaceae (Thorne) Hydrophyllaceae (Thorne)

Campanulales Pentaphragmataceae (Thorne) Sphenocleaceae (Thorne) Campanulaceae (Thorne) Stylidiaceae (Thorne) Donatiaceae (Thorne) Brunoniaceae Goodeniaceae (Thorne)

Lamiales Lennoaceae (Thorne) Boraginaceae (Thorne) Verbenaceae (Thorne) Lamiaceae (Labiatae) (Thorne) Callitrichales Hippuridaceae (Thorne) Callitrichaceae (Thorne) Hydrostachyaceae (Thorne) Plantaginales Plantaginaceae (Thorne) Scrophulariales Buddlejaceae (Thorne) Oleaceae (Thorne) Scrophulariaceae (Thorne)

Rubiales Rubiaceae (Thorne) Theligonaceae Dipsacales Caprifoliaceae (Thorne) Adoxaceae (Thorne) Valerianaceae (Thorne) Dipsacaceae (Thorne) Calycerales Calyceraceae (Thorne) Asterales Asteraceae (Compositae) (Thorne)

LILIOPSIDA (MONOCOTS) SUBCLASS ALISMATIDAE Alismatales Butomaceae (Thorne) Limnocharitaceae (Thorne) Alismataceae (Thorne) Hydrocharitales Hydrocharitaceae (Thorne) Najadales Aponogetonaceae (Thorne) Scheuchzeriaceae (Thorne) Juncaginaceae (Thorne) Potamogetonaceae (Thorne) Ruppiaceae (Thorne) Najadaceae Zannichelliaceae (Thorne) Posidoniaceae (Thorne) Cymodoceaceae (Thorne) Zosteraceae (Thorne) Triuridales Petrosaviaceae (Thorne) Triuridaceae (Thorne) Arecales Arecaceae (Palmae) (Thorne) Cyclanthales Cyclanthaceae (Thorne) Pandanales Pandanaceae (Thorne) Arales Acoraceae (Thorne) Araceae (Thorne)

Lemnaceae (Thorne) SUBCLASS COMMELINIDAE Commelinidales Rapateaceae (Thorne) Xyridaceae (Thorne) Mayacaceae Commelinaceae (Thorne) Eriocaulales Eriocaulaceae (Thorne) Restionales Flagellariaceae (Thorne) Joinvilleaceae (Thorne) Restionaceae (Thorne) Centrolepidaceae (Thorne) Juncales Juncaceae (Thorne) Thurniaceae (Thorne) Cyperales Cyperaceae (Thorne) Poaceae (Gramineae) (Thorne) Hydatellales Hydatellaceae (Thorne) Typhales Sparganiaceae Typhaceae (Thorne) SUBCLASS ZINGIBERIDAE Bromeliales Bromeliaceae (Thorne)

Zingiberales Strelitziaceae (Thorne) Heliconiaceae (Thorne) Musaceae (Thorne) Lowiaceae (Thorne) Zingiberaceae (Thorne) Costaceae (Thorne) Cannaceae (Thorne) Marantaceae (Thorne) SUBCLASS LILIIDAE Liliales Philydraceae (Thorne) Pontederiaceae (Thorne) Haemodoraceae (Thorne) Cyanastraceae Liliaceae (Thorne) Iridaceae (Thorne) Velloziaceae (Thorne) Aloeaceae Agavaceae (Thorne) Xanthorrhoeaceae (Thorne) Hanguanaceae (Thorne) Taccaceae (Thorne) Stemonaceae (Thorne) Smilacaceae (Thorne) Dioscoreaceae (Thorne) Orchidales Geosiridaceae Burmanniaceae (Thorne) Corsiaceae (Thorne) Orchidaceae (Thorne)