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xdik ;f oifcef;pm xdkif;EdkifiHwGif ,aeYNzpfay:aeaom EdkifiHa&;rNidrfroufrIrsm;onf 'Drdkua&pDvrf;aBumif;udk avQ m uf v S r f ; aeBuonf h ? avS m uf v S r f ; Burnf h E d k i f i H r sm;twG u f oif c ef ; pmrsm;pG m ay;aeonf u d k awGYNrif&ayonf / ,aeYNzpfay:aeaomxdik ;f Edik if \ H Edik if aH &;tBuyftwnf;rSm vuf&adS &G;cs,w f ifaNrm§ ufNcif;cHxm;&aom 0efBuD;csKyfqrwftpdk;&ESifh (yDat'D) [kac:onfh twdkuftcHtiftm;pkrsm;\ tm;NydKifyGJ[kqdkaomfvnf; NyóemrSm xdkYxufydkrdkeufeJonfudkawGY&onf / vuf&Sd0efBuD;csKyfqrwftpdk;&rSm xdkif;EdkifiHwGif vlrsm;pkNzpfonfh taNccHvlwef;pm;rsm; ? aus;vuf a eNynf o l r sm;\ axmuf c H r I u d k & &S d c J h o l N zpf N yD ; ,aeY w d k i f v nf ; tqd k y gaxmuf c H r I u d k &&Sx d m;ao;aomaBumifh a&G;al umufy&JG vm'fukd oHo,&Syd gvsif vuf&t dS pd;k &ESihf (yDat'D) wdt Yk euf Nynfol wdkYu rnfolYudkvufcHEdkifonfudk NynfvHk;uRwfqE´cH,lyGJNyKvkyfí tqHk;tNzwfcH,l&ef toifh&Sdygonf[k xkwfazmfaNymBum;vQuf&SdonfudkawGY&onf / (yDat'D)rSm NrdKUNyaevlvwfwef;pm;ESifh ynmwwfrsm;\ axmufcHrIudk&&Sdxm;olNzpfaomfvnf; tqdyk gvOl ;D a&rSm xdik ;f Edik if v H Ol ;D a&pkpak ygi;f \ 30 &mcdik Ef eI ;f xufrydak omaBumifh a&G;aumufyeJG nf;vrf; ? ygvDrefay:&Sdt,HktBunfr&Sdtqdk ? NynfvHk;uRwfqE´cH,lenf;vrf; rnfonfhenf;vrf;ESifhrQ 4if;wdkY\qE´ rNynfh0EdkifaomtaNctae&Sdae&m NrdKYNy&Sdvlxktiftm;enf;wpfckudkom xyfcgxyfcgoHk;pGJae&onfudkawGY& onf / (yDat'D) uaNymBum;aeonfhudpö&yfwpfckrSm xdkif;EdkifiH&SdtaNccHvlwef;pm;rsm;ESifh aus;vuf aeNynforl sm;onf vHak vmufaomynma&;r&Sad omaBumifh Edik if aH &;udp&ö yfrsm;wGif qH;k NzwfEikd pf rG ;f r&SBd u&m ygvD r ef a y:wG i f a&G ; cs,f w if a Nr§ m uf N cif ; r&S d b J wd k u f & d k u f c ef Y x m;onf h trwf O D ; a&yd k r d k N znf h q nf ; ay;oifhonfqdkaomtcsufNzpfonf / 'Drdkua&pDqdkaompepfwGif EdkifiHom;tm;vHk;&ifhusufrIvdktyfonfqdkaomtcsufrSm trSefyif Nzpfaomfvnf; EdkifiHom;rsm;&ifhusufrIr&Sdao;aomaBumifh 'drdkua&pDpepfudk usifhoHk;&efroifhavsmf qdkaomt,ltqrSmvnf; vufawGYrusonfudkawGY&onf / onfAdGKufpf*sme,f t,f'Dwm (2.9.2008) oAdGKuf t,f'Dwmrsm;\ apwemudk em;vnfoNzifh cGifhNyKcsufrawmif;bJ azmfNyvdkufygonf / aersdK;a0 ( 8 . 9 .2008 )
pD;yg;G a&;ay:vpDqokd nfrmS a'gufwmatmifudkudk ( pD;yGg;a&;ynm ? pD;yGg;a&;ay:vpD ) Ed k i f i H w pf c k \ vl r I p D ; yG g ;taNctaet&yf & yf u d k a vh v mvQ i f a omf v nf ; aumif ; ? ,if ; Ed k i f i H \ vlaerItqift h wef; ( Level of living ) ? vlrb I 0om,m0aNymrI ( Level of National Welfare ) ? omwlnrD QrI ( Equility ) ESifh pD;yGg;a&;wnfNidrfrI ( Economic Stability ) ponfwUkd uakd vhvmvQiaf omfvnf;aumif; pD;yGg;a&;ay:vpDESifhywfoufvmygonf / wpfenf;tm;NzifhpD;yGg;a&;ay:vpDqdkonfrSm ,if;EdkifiH\ vlrpI ;D yGg;taNctaet&yf&yfuakd vhvmNcif;? pD;yGg;a&;ESihf oufqikd af om Nyóemrsm;udak Nz&Si;f Edik &f eftwGuf pD;yGG;a&;ynm&yfabmiftwGif;rS BudK;yrf;Ncif;Nzpfygonf / pD ; yG g ;a&;Nyóemrsm;[k q d k & mwG i f v nf ; u@tvd k u f p D ; yG g ;a&;Nyóemrsm; ( Oyrm v,f , mu@tvd k u f p D ; yG g ;a&;Nyóemrsm;? uk e f o G , f a &;u@qd k i f & mpD ; yG g ;a&;Nyóemrsm;? aiGaBu;u@qdik &f mpD;yGg;a&;Nyóemrsm; poNzifh ) udv k nf;aumif;? taxGaxGp;D yGg;a&;Nyóemrsm; ( Oyrm aiGaBu;azmif;yGrINyóem (Inflation Issue) ? tvkyfvufrJhNrifhrm;vmrINyóem) ponfwdkYtNyif rarQ m f r S e f ; xm;aomNynf w G i f ; Nynf y rS *,uf & d k u f v mEd k i f a ompD ; yG g ;a&;Nyóemwd k Y u d k v nf ; aumif ; pD;yGg;a&;ay:vpDrl0g'qdkif&menf;vrf;rsm; ( Policy Tools )udkoHk;í taNctaet&yf&yfudkNcHKiHkoHk;oyfNyD; aNz&Si;f &onfukd avhvmoif,&l aom bmom&yfwpfcNk zpfygonf / pD;yGg;a&;ay:vpDbmom&yfonf taNccHtm;Nzifh rdkufc&dkpD;yGg;a&;oabmw&m;(Micro Economic Principles) udak &m? rufc&dp k ;D yGg;a&;oabmw&m; (Macro Economic Principles) udyk g a&maxG;pOf;pm;Bu&Ny;D oDt&kd o D abmw&m;udt k aNccHaomfvnf; vufawGw Y iG f Nzpfysuaf eonft h aNctaersm;ESi(hf Real Business Cycle) oabmw&m;wdkYudkyg aygif;pyfNcHKiHkpOf;pm;wwf&ef vdktyfaombmom&yfwpfckNzpfygonf / pD;yGg;a&;Nyóemrsm;udkaNz&Sif;&mwGifvnf; rnfonfudkyxrOD;pm;ay; ? 'kwd,OD;pm;ay; aqmif&Guf&onfrSmqdkonfrSm taNctaetcsdeftcgay:rlwnfNyD;aNymif;vJEdkifaomfvnf; ta&;tBuD;qHk; rnfuJhodkYtNrif}}( Vision ) Nzifh&INrifNyD; ]]rnf rnfuJhodkYaqmif&Guf&rnf }}qdo tcsurf mS ]]rnf k nft h csuyf ifNzpfNy;D wpf e nf ; tm;Nzif h yxrtyd k ' f w G i f a&;om;cJ h o nf h taNccH & nf r S e f ; csuf r sm;rS rvG J a csmf a pEd k i f a om pD;yGg;a&;ay:vpDrsm;udk a&G;cs,foHk;pGJ&efNzpfonf / ,cktcg Edik if t H pd;k &uvnf; 2010 ckEpS w f iG f w&m;rQwaom? vGwv f yfaom ygwpD akH &G;aumufyu JG kd usi;f yay;&efuwday;xm;Ny;D Nzpf&m rnfonfEh ikd if aH &;ygwu D tEdik &f Edik o f nf?( Leading party )Nzpfvmrnf odkYr[kwf rnfonfhygwDu&HI;edrfyrnf? (Opposition party)Nzpfvmrnf[k oHk;oyfpOf;pm;aernfhtpm; Nynfow l \ Ykd tusKd ;pD;yGg;ESihf Nynfow l \ Ykd vHNk cKH ru I kd rnfuo hJ Ykd taumif;qH;k zefw;D ay;Edik &f ef BuKd ;yrf;rnf[k pOf;pm;xm;&ef? avhvmxm;&ef tcsed w f efNyND zpfaBumif; pma&;oltaeNzifh xifNrif,q l ygonf / xdt Yk Nyif pD ; yG g ;a&;tzG J U tpnf ; rsm;? pD ; yG g ;a&;vk y f i ef ; &S i f r sm;taeNzif h v nf ; a&&S n f p D ; yG g ;a&;wd k ; wuf zGHUNzdK;rIwGifwpfaxmifhwpfae&mrS ta&;BuD;olrsm;NzpfaomaBumifhrdrdwdkY oufqdkif&mtzGJUtpnf;rsm;\ wd;k wufzUHGNzKd ;rI(&kyyf ikd ;f pdwyf ikd ;f )? pnf;vH;k nDnw G rf ?I taNctaet&yf&yfay:rw l nfNy;D ? pD;yGg;a&;r[mAsL[mrsm;udk
aNymif;vJusio hf ;kH Edik rf ?I twåEiS yhf &udt k aNccHNy;D pD;yGg;a&;vkyif ef;rsm;udk pDrcH efcY EJG ikd rf I ponfwo Ykd nf NynfwiG ;f NynfyrS pD;yGg;a&;vkyfief;rsm;ESifh NydKifqdkifrINyif;xefvmvsifvnf; 'PfcHEdkifNcif;? rdrdwdkY\pD;yGg;a&;aps; uGufrsm;udkxdef;odrf;Ncif;? aps;uGuftopfazmfaqmifNcif; ponfwdkYwGifvnf; rsm;pGmtaxmuftul ay;ygvdrfhrnf / pma&;olowdNyKrdonf / þt&nftcsif;rsm;&SdaompD;yGg;a&;tzGJUtpnf; wpfckrSm Nref r mEd k i f i H i g;vk y f i ef ; tzG J U csKyf N zpf y gonf / ( þwG i f t Ncm;aom pD ; yG g ;a&;vk y f i ef ; rsm;onf þod k Y t &nf t csif ; r&S d [ k p ma&;ol u qd k v d k N cif ; r[k w f y g ) / Nynf o l v l x k t aeNzif h v nf ; tem*wf'Drdkua&pDEdkifiHazmfaqmif&mwGifvdktyfaomtiftm;pkwpf&yftaeNzifh rdrdwdkY\ &oifh&xdkuf aomtcGifhta&;rsm;ESifh rdrdwdkYay;qyf&rnfh wm0efrsm;udkyl;wGJod&SdoifhNyD; ,if;wdkYudk od&SdEdkif&efESifh t,ltqa[mif;rsm; ? t,ltqvGJrsm;udk od&SdEdkif&ef rdrdwdkY\ todynmudk ydkrdkNrifhrm;vmapa&; aqmifBuOf;ay;&ef vdyk gvrd rhf nf / þod k Y q d k v Qif Nref r mEd k i f i H o nf om,m0aNymaomEd k i f i H w pf c k tNzpf o d k Y v nf ; aumif ; ? vlrIpD;yGg;a&;taNctaet&yf&yfonfvnf; tNcm;aomzGHUNzdK;NyD; tm&SEdkifiHrsm;uJhodkYvnf;aumif; ? Nzpfvmvdrfhrnf[k pma&;ol,HkBunfygonf / a'gufwmatmifudk ( pD;yGg;a&;ynm ? pD;yGg;a&;ay:vpD )
þaqmif;yg;onf ]] onfAdKGuf*sme,frS rl&if;twdkif; Nyefvnf pmpDí yD'DtufzfaNymif;um azmfNyNcif;Nzpfonf / q&m a'guw f m atmifut kd m;vnf;aumif; ? onfAKGd upf f *sme,ftm;vnf;aumif; cGiahf wmif;Ncif;r&Scd yhJ g / þodYk cGirhf awmif;Edik o f nfrmS vnf; uReaf wmf\ tm;enf;csuo f mNzpfygonf / odaYk omf uReaf wmf ,ckvkd xyfqifh ]] tcrJh }} Nyefvnf ul;,lazmfNyaeNcif;udv kf nf; rl&if;pma&;ol q&m ]] a'gufwmatmifudk }} rS vnf;aumif; ....... onfAdGKufpf tzGJUom;rsm; rSaomfvnf;aumif; cGifhNyKvdrfhrnfudkvnf; wpfxpfcs,HkBunfrdygaomaBumifh av;eufaompdwfxm;Nzifh azmfNyvdkufNcif;Nzpfyg onf /
wpfpHkwpf&mtNypfwifaNymqdkvdkygu ..............
aersdK;a0 zkef; - wqifh 01 600190 ^ 01 600374
ynma&;qdok nfrmS atmifxG#f ynma&;ESifhywfoufívGJrSm;aom t,ltqtrsdK;rsdK;udkawGYrdaomaBumifh þtaBumif;udfk txl;yifa&;csipf w d Nf zpfryd gonf / þae&mwGif ynma&;qdo k nfrmS ausmif;oifynma&;ac:vo l rd sm;aom yHkrSefynma&;udkqdkvdkygonf / rdbrsm; ? q&mrsm; ? usL&Sifq&m ^ q&mrrsm; ? (Guide)(*dk'f)rsm;ESifh ausmif ; om;rsm;tm;vH k ; u 0d k i f ; í trS w f a umif ; atmif ta&twG u f t "d u rl N zif h trSwfaemufvdkufaeBuonfrSm yHkrSefvkyfief;pOfozG,f Nzpfvmaeonfudk awGY&aomaBumifhNzpfonf / pma&;olbGJUvGefwufpOfu pmoifcef;yxrqHk;aeYwGif ygarmu©wpfOD;aNymcJhaompum;rsm;udk ,aeYwikd f rSwrf ad eygao;onf / (1) wdUk ausmif;uoifay;rJyh nm[m (How to think)(a[mif;wloifhcf) omvQifNzpfw,f / (2) aemufwpfcsuu f (How to learn yourself)(a[mif;wlvef;efa,mfqufvzf )f / (3) ygarmu©NzpfwJh wdkYrSmvJ taNzr&Sdyg/ oifhtaNzvnf;rSefEdkifw,f / (4) OD;aESmufBu;D Ny;D (Critical Thinking)(c&pfwu D ,foif;uif;)ac:azmufxu G af wG;awm Edkifoltm;vHk;wdkYausmif;rSm&SifoefEdkifr,f / (5) OD;aESmufomvQit f "duNzpfNy;D touft&G,u f t"dur[kwyf g/ b,ft&mrS touf t&G,Nf zifrh wdik ;f wmyg / (6) pmoifcef;xJrmS qufqaH &;rl0g'u (Agree to disagree)(t*&D; wl 'pft*&D;) rwlnaD om oabmxm;&yfwnfcsufrsm;Nzifh twlwuG&yfwnf&efoabmwlNcif;Nzpfw,f / txufwiG af zmfNycJah om ynma&;qdik &f mt,ltqrsm;udBk unfv h sif pma&;olwyYkd wf0ef;usif wG i f & S d a eaom (Conventional)(uG e f A ef & S i f e ,f ) ynma&;qd k i f & m t,l t qrsm;ES i f h aNymif ; Nyef N zpf aeonfuakd wG&Y onf / twef;wifpmar;yGrJ &Sd oavmufNzpfNy;D (Open book)( td;k yef;bkwcf )f ac: pmtkyf Bunfh aNzcGifh&Sdaom oifBum;a&;pepfudk Nrefrmausmif;om;tenf;i,fomBum;zl;rnfomxifygonf / ynma&;ES i f h y wf o uf í txl ; yif t a&;BuD ; aomtcsuf r S m ynmqd k o nf h wpf p H k wpf&maomt,ltqudk yHo k iG ;f ay;Ncif;r[kwb f J vGwv f yfpmG awG;ac:wwfap&ef a&avmif;aygi;f oifay;Ncif; omNzpf o nf q d k a omtcsuf N zpf o nf / t&m&mud k ud k , f y d k i f t od O mPf N zif h qH k ; Nzwf w wf a p&ef oifBum;ay;Ncif;vnf;Nzpfonf / trSeftm;Nzifhynma&;yHko@efrsm;onf oufqdkif&mEdkifiHtoD;oD;&SdNzpfxGef;wnf&Sdaeaom ypöu©taetxm;rsm;ESifh vdkufavsmnDaxGNzpfaprnfh vlom;rsm; arG;xkwfay;aom oabm&Sdonfudk awG&Y onf / tm&Swu kd \ f (Oriental Culture)( td&k &D efw,fumvfcsm ) wGif Bu;D ol ? i,fol ? txufatmuf ponfrsm;udk txl;tav;ay;Ny;D rwlno D nfh oabmxm;rsm; twlwuG &Sio f ef&efcufco J nfh twGuf ( Classroom Culture)(uvyf p f & G r f ; umcsm)a': pmoif c ef ; ,Of a us;rI r S m vnf ; xd k t wd k i f ; yif N zpf
vmcJo h nf[q k o kd nf / rnfodkYyifNzpfap b,fvdkawG;yg ? b,fvdkNrifyg[k yHkoGif; avhusifhay;xm;aom tvGwfusuf wpfvrf;oGm; vlom;t&if;tNrpfrsm;ESihf rdru d , kd w f ikd af wG;ac:q;kH Nzwfwwfap&ef avhusiahf y;xm;aomvlom; t&if;tNrpfrsm;\ oufqdkif&mEdkifiHtay: tusdK;NyKrIonf rsm;pGmuGmNcm;onfudkawGY&onf / b,fvdk awG;yg ? b,fvdkNrifyg[k yHkoGif;cHxm;olrsm;onf (Reproduction)(&Dy&d'k wf&iS ;f )ac: oifxm;awGBY uKH xm;o rQxufrydkonfudkawGY&onf / txl;oNzif, h aeYwpfom;wnf;Nzpfay:vmaom urÇmBu;D wGif (Innovation)(tifEakd A;&Si;f ac:) BuHqEdkifrIrsm;ta&;BuD;&m (Reproduction)(&Dy&dk'wf&Sif;)oufouf&Sdolrsm; tvkyfrNzpfEdkifonfudk ta&SYwdkif;,Ofaus;rIEsifh ,Ofyg;aeolrsm;owdxm;oifhygonf / txl;oNzifh ,aeYNrefrmEdkifiHwGif EdkifiHwnfaqmufa&;twGuf xl;cRefxufNrufaom vlom;t&if;tNrpfrsm;pGm vdt k yfvQu&f &dS m acwfa[mif; (Conventional)(uGeAf ef&iS ;f e,f)t,ltqrsm;onf rsm;pGmtvkyfrNzpfawmhaBumif; today;vdk&if;Nzpfonf / atmifxG#f þaqmif;yg;onf (2006 . 6 . 9 )xkwf]] acwfNrefrm}] *sme,frS rl&if;twdkif; Nyefvnf pmpDí yD'DtufzfaNymif;um azmfNyNcif;Nzpfonf / q&m atmifxG#f tm;vnf;aumif; ? ]]acwfNrefrm}} *sme,ftm;vnf;aumif; cGifhawmif;Ncif;r&SdcJhyg / þodkY cGifhrawmif;EdkifonfrSmvnf; uRefawmf\ tm;enf;csufomNzpfygonf / odaYk omf uReaf wmf ,ckvkd xyfqifh ]] tcrJh }} Nyefvnf ul;,lazmfNyaeNcif;udv kf nf; rl&if;pma&;ol q&m ]] Od;atmifxG#fk }} rS vnf;aumif; ....... ]] acwfNrefrm}] tzGJUom;rsm; rSaomfvnf;aumif; cGifhNyKvdrfhrnfudkvnf; wpfxpfcs,HkBunfrdygaomaBumifh av;eufaompdwfxm;Nzifh azmfNyvdkufNcif;Nzpfyg onf /
wpfpHkwpf&mtNypfwifaNymqdkvdkygu ..............
aersdK;a0 zkef; - wqifh 01 600190 ^ 01 600374 tqdkyg ynm&Sifrsm;\ cefYnm;vSaom ? tzdk;wefvSaom ? toHk;0ifvSaom ? usifhoHk;oifhaom ynma&; pD;yGg;a&; pum;rsm;udk rSwo f m;xm;Ny;D oumv bke;f Bu;D ausmif;ynma&;xGuNf zpfaom uReaf wmf aersdK;a0 \ rdcif&if;Nzpfaom rdcifBuD; ]] a':,Ofpdef }} \ &D;&,fvpfqif arQmfvifhcsufynma&;taBumif;udk qufvufem;qifBunfhygOD;cifAsm; /
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pD;yg;G a&;ay:vpDqokd nfrmS a'gufwmatmifudkudk ( pD;yGg;a&;ynm ? pD;yGg;a&;ay:vpD ) Ed k i f i H w pf c k \ vl r I p D ; yG g ;taNctaet&yf & yf u d k a vh v mvQ i f a omf v nf ; aumif ; ? ,if ; Ed k i f i H \ vlaerItqift h wef; ( Level of living ) ? vlrb I 0om,m0aNymrI ( Level of National Welfare ) ? omwlnrD QrI ( Equility ) ESifh pD;yGg;a&;wnfNidrfrI ( Economic Stability ) ponfwUkd uakd vhvmvQiaf omfvnf;aumif; pD;yGg;a&;ay:vpDESifhywfoufvmygonf / wpfenf;tm;NzifhpD;yGg;a&;ay:vpDqdkonfrSm ,if;EdkifiH\ vlrpI ;D yGg;taNctaet&yf&yfuakd vhvmNcif;? pD;yGg;a&;ESihf oufqikd af om Nyóemrsm;udak Nz&Si;f Edik &f eftwGuf pD;yGG;a&;ynm&yfabmiftwGif;rS BudK;yrf;Ncif;Nzpfygonf / pD ; yG g ;a&;Nyóemrsm;[k q d k & mwG i f v nf ; u@tvd k u f p D ; yG g ;a&;Nyóemrsm; ( Oyrm v,f , mu@tvd k u f p D ; yG g ;a&;Nyóemrsm;? uk e f o G , f a &;u@qd k i f & mpD ; yG g ;a&;Nyóemrsm;? aiGaBu;u@qdik &f mpD;yGg;a&;Nyóemrsm; poNzifh ) udv k nf;aumif;? taxGaxGp;D yGg;a&;Nyóemrsm; ( Oyrm aiGaBu;azmif;yGrINyóem (Inflation Issue) ? tvkyfvufrJhNrifhrm;vmrINyóem) ponfwdkYtNyif rarQ m f r S e f ; xm;aomNynf w G i f ; Nynf y rS *,uf & d k u f v mEd k i f a ompD ; yG g ;a&;Nyóemwd k Y u d k v nf ; aumif ; pD;yGg;a&;ay:vpDrl0g'qdkif&menf;vrf;rsm; ( Policy Tools )udkoHk;í taNctaet&yf&yfudkNcHKiHkoHk;oyfNyD; aNz&Si;f &onfukd avhvmoif,&l aom bmom&yfwpfcNk zpfygonf / pD;yGg;a&;ay:vpDbmom&yfonf taNccHtm;Nzifh rdkufc&dkpD;yGg;a&;oabmw&m;(Micro Economic Principles) udak &m? rufc&dp k ;D yGg;a&;oabmw&m; (Macro Economic Principles) udyk g a&maxG;pOf;pm;Bu&Ny;D oDt&kd o D abmw&m;udt k aNccHaomfvnf; vufawGw Y iG f Nzpfysuaf eonft h aNctaersm;ESi(hf Real Business Cycle) oabmw&m;wdkYudkyg aygif;pyfNcHKiHkpOf;pm;wwf&ef vdktyfaombmom&yfwpfckNzpfygonf / pD;yGg;a&;Nyóemrsm;udkaNz&Sif;&mwGifvnf; rnfonfudkyxrOD;pm;ay; ? 'kwd,OD;pm;ay; aqmif&Guf&onfrSmqdkonfrSm taNctaetcsdeftcgay:rlwnfNyD;aNymif;vJEdkifaomfvnf; ta&;tBuD;qHk; rnfuJhodkYtNrif}}( Vision ) Nzifh&INrifNyD; ]]rnf rnfuJhodkYaqmif&Guf&rnf }}qdo tcsurf mS ]]rnf k nft h csuyf ifNzpfNy;D wpf e nf ; tm;Nzif h yxrtyd k ' f w G i f a&;om;cJ h o nf h taNccH & nf r S e f ; csuf r sm;rS rvG J a csmf a pEd k i f a om pD;yGg;a&;ay:vpDrsm;udk a&G;cs,foHk;pGJ&efNzpfonf / ,cktcg Edik if t H pd;k &uvnf; 2010 ckEpS w f iG f w&m;rQwaom? vGwv f yfaom ygwpD akH &G;aumufyu JG kd usi;f yay;&efuwday;xm;Ny;D Nzpf&m rnfonfEh ikd if aH &;ygwu D tEdik &f Edik o f nf?( Leading party )Nzpfvmrnf odkYr[kwf rnfonfhygwDu&HI;edrfyrnf? (Opposition party)Nzpfvmrnf[k oHk;oyfpOf;pm;aernfhtpm; Nynfow l \ Ykd tusKd ;pD;yGg;ESihf Nynfow l \ Ykd vHNk cKH ru I kd rnfuo hJ Ykd taumif;qH;k zefw;D ay;Edik &f ef BuKd ;yrf;rnf[k pOf;pm;xm;&ef? avhvmxm;&ef tcsed w f efNyND zpfaBumif; pma&;oltaeNzifh xifNrif,q l ygonf / xdt Yk Nyif pD ; yG g ;a&;tzG J U tpnf ; rsm;? pD ; yG g ;a&;vk y f i ef ; &S i f r sm;taeNzif h v nf ; a&&S n f p D ; yG g ;a&;wd k ; wuf zGHUNzdK;rIwGifwpfaxmifhwpfae&mrS ta&;BuD;olrsm;NzpfaomaBumifhrdrdwdkY oufqdkif&mtzGJUtpnf;rsm;\ wd;k wufzUHGNzKd ;rI(&kyyf ikd ;f pdwyf ikd ;f )? pnf;vH;k nDnw G rf ?I taNctaet&yf&yfay:rw l nfNy;D ? pD;yGg;a&;r[mAsL[mrsm;udk
aNymif;vJusio hf ;kH Edik rf ?I twåEiS yhf &udt k aNccHNy;D pD;yGg;a&;vkyif ef;rsm;udk pDrcH efcY EJG ikd rf I ponfwo Ykd nf NynfwiG ;f NynfyrS pD;yGg;a&;vkyfief;rsm;ESifh NydKifqdkifrINyif;xefvmvsifvnf; 'PfcHEdkifNcif;? rdrdwdkY\pD;yGg;a&;aps; uGufrsm;udkxdef;odrf;Ncif;? aps;uGuftopfazmfaqmifNcif; ponfwdkYwGifvnf; rsm;pGmtaxmuftul ay;ygvdrfhrnf / pma&;olowdNyKrdonf / þt&nftcsif;rsm;&SdaompD;yGg;a&;tzGJUtpnf; wpfckrSm Nref r mEd k i f i H i g;vk y f i ef ; tzG J U csKyf N zpf y gonf / ( þwG i f t Ncm;aom pD ; yG g ;a&;vk y f i ef ; rsm;onf þod k Y t &nf t csif ; r&S d [ k p ma&;ol u qd k v d k N cif ; r[k w f y g ) / Nynf o l v l x k t aeNzif h v nf ; tem*wf'Drdkua&pDEdkifiHazmfaqmif&mwGifvdktyfaomtiftm;pkwpf&yftaeNzifh rdrdwdkY\ &oifh&xdkuf aomtcGifhta&;rsm;ESifh rdrdwdkYay;qyf&rnfh wm0efrsm;udkyl;wGJod&SdoifhNyD; ,if;wdkYudk od&SdEdkif&efESifh t,ltqa[mif;rsm; ? t,ltqvGJrsm;udk od&SdEdkif&ef rdrdwdkY\ todynmudk ydkrdkNrifhrm;vmapa&; aqmifBuOf;ay;&ef vdyk gvrd rhf nf / þod k Y q d k v Qif Nref r mEd k i f i H o nf om,m0aNymaomEd k i f i H w pf c k tNzpf o d k Y v nf ; aumif ; ? vlrIpD;yGg;a&;taNctaet&yf&yfonfvnf; tNcm;aomzGHUNzdK;NyD; tm&SEdkifiHrsm;uJhodkYvnf;aumif; ? Nzpfvmvdrfhrnf[k pma&;ol,HkBunfygonf / a'gufwmatmifudk ( pD;yGg;a&;ynm ? pD;yGg;a&;ay:vpD )
þaqmif;yg;onf ]] onfAdKGuf*sme,frS rl&if;twdkif; Nyefvnf pmpDí yD'DtufzfaNymif;um azmfNyNcif;Nzpfonf / q&m a'guw f m atmifut kd m;vnf;aumif; ? onfAKGd upf f *sme,ftm;vnf;aumif; cGiahf wmif;Ncif;r&Scd yhJ g / þodYk cGirhf awmif;Edik o f nfrmS vnf; uReaf wmf\ tm;enf;csuo f mNzpfygonf / odaYk omf uReaf wmf ,ckvkd xyfqifh ]] tcrJh }} Nyefvnf ul;,lazmfNyaeNcif;udv kf nf; rl&if;pma&;ol q&m ]] a'gufwmatmifudk }} rS vnf;aumif; ....... onfAdGKufpf tzGJUom;rsm; rSaomfvnf;aumif; cGifhNyKvdrfhrnfudkvnf; wpfxpfcs,HkBunfrdygaomaBumifh av;eufaompdwfxm;Nzifh azmfNyvdkufNcif;Nzpfyg onf /
wpfpHkwpf&mtNypfwifaNymqdkvdkygu ..............
aersdK;a0 zkef; - wqifh 01 600190 ^ 01 600374
ynma&;qdok nfrmS atmifxG#f ynma&;ESifhywfoufívGJrSm;aom t,ltqtrsdK;rsdK;udkawGYrdaomaBumifh þtaBumif;udfk txl;yifa&;csipf w d Nf zpfryd gonf / þae&mwGif ynma&;qdo k nfrmS ausmif;oifynma&;ac:vo l rd sm;aom yHkrSefynma&;udkqdkvdkygonf / rdbrsm; ? q&mrsm; ? usL&Sifq&m ^ q&mrrsm; ? (Guide)(*dk'f)rsm;ESifh ausmif ; om;rsm;tm;vH k ; u 0d k i f ; í trS w f a umif ; atmif ta&twG u f t "d u rl N zif h trSwfaemufvdkufaeBuonfrSm yHkrSefvkyfief;pOfozG,f Nzpfvmaeonfudk awGY&aomaBumifhNzpfonf / pma&;olbGJUvGefwufpOfu pmoifcef;yxrqHk;aeYwGif ygarmu©wpfOD;aNymcJhaompum;rsm;udk ,aeYwikd f rSwrf ad eygao;onf / (1) wdUk ausmif;uoifay;rJyh nm[m (How to think)(a[mif;wloifhcf) omvQifNzpfw,f / (2) aemufwpfcsuu f (How to learn yourself)(a[mif;wlvef;efa,mfqufvzf )f / (3) ygarmu©NzpfwJh wdkYrSmvJ taNzr&Sdyg/ oifhtaNzvnf;rSefEdkifw,f / (4) OD;aESmufBu;D Ny;D (Critical Thinking)(c&pfwu D ,foif;uif;)ac:azmufxu G af wG;awm Edkifoltm;vHk;wdkYausmif;rSm&SifoefEdkifr,f / (5) OD;aESmufomvQit f "duNzpfNy;D touft&G,u f t"dur[kwyf g/ b,ft&mrS touf t&G,Nf zifrh wdik ;f wmyg / (6) pmoifcef;xJrmS qufqaH &;rl0g'u (Agree to disagree)(t*&D; wl 'pft*&D;) rwlnaD om oabmxm;&yfwnfcsufrsm;Nzifh twlwuG&yfwnf&efoabmwlNcif;Nzpfw,f / txufwiG af zmfNycJah om ynma&;qdik &f mt,ltqrsm;udBk unfv h sif pma&;olwyYkd wf0ef;usif wG i f & S d a eaom (Conventional)(uG e f A ef & S i f e ,f ) ynma&;qd k i f & m t,l t qrsm;ES i f h aNymif ; Nyef N zpf aeonfuakd wG&Y onf / twef;wifpmar;yGrJ &Sd oavmufNzpfNy;D (Open book)( td;k yef;bkwcf )f ac: pmtkyf Bunfh aNzcGifh&Sdaom oifBum;a&;pepfudk Nrefrmausmif;om;tenf;i,fomBum;zl;rnfomxifygonf / ynma&;ES i f h y wf o uf í txl ; yif t a&;BuD ; aomtcsuf r S m ynmqd k o nf h wpf p H k wpf&maomt,ltqudk yHo k iG ;f ay;Ncif;r[kwb f J vGwv f yfpmG awG;ac:wwfap&ef a&avmif;aygi;f oifay;Ncif; omNzpf o nf q d k a omtcsuf N zpf o nf / t&m&mud k ud k , f y d k i f t od O mPf N zif h qH k ; Nzwf w wf a p&ef oifBum;ay;Ncif;vnf;Nzpfonf / trSeftm;Nzifhynma&;yHko@efrsm;onf oufqdkif&mEdkifiHtoD;oD;&SdNzpfxGef;wnf&Sdaeaom ypöu©taetxm;rsm;ESifh vdkufavsmnDaxGNzpfaprnfh vlom;rsm; arG;xkwfay;aom oabm&Sdonfudk awG&Y onf / tm&Swu kd \ f (Oriental Culture)( td&k &D efw,fumvfcsm ) wGif Bu;D ol ? i,fol ? txufatmuf ponfrsm;udk txl;tav;ay;Ny;D rwlno D nfh oabmxm;rsm; twlwuG &Sio f ef&efcufco J nfh twGuf ( Classroom Culture)(uvyf p f & G r f ; umcsm)a': pmoif c ef ; ,Of a us;rI r S m vnf ; xd k t wd k i f ; yif N zpf
vmcJo h nf[q k o kd nf / rnfodkYyifNzpfap b,fvdkawG;yg ? b,fvdkNrifyg[k yHkoGif; avhusifhay;xm;aom tvGwfusuf wpfvrf;oGm; vlom;t&if;tNrpfrsm;ESihf rdru d , kd w f ikd af wG;ac:q;kH Nzwfwwfap&ef avhusiahf y;xm;aomvlom; t&if;tNrpfrsm;\ oufqdkif&mEdkifiHtay: tusdK;NyKrIonf rsm;pGmuGmNcm;onfudkawGY&onf / b,fvdk awG;yg ? b,fvdkNrifyg[k yHkoGif;cHxm;olrsm;onf (Reproduction)(&Dy&d'k wf&iS ;f )ac: oifxm;awGBY uKH xm;o rQxufrydkonfudkawGY&onf / txl;oNzif, h aeYwpfom;wnf;Nzpfay:vmaom urÇmBu;D wGif (Innovation)(tifEakd A;&Si;f ac:) BuHqEdkifrIrsm;ta&;BuD;&m (Reproduction)(&Dy&dk'wf&Sif;)oufouf&Sdolrsm; tvkyfrNzpfEdkifonfudk ta&SYwdkif;,Ofaus;rIEsifh ,Ofyg;aeolrsm;owdxm;oifhygonf / txl;oNzifh ,aeYNrefrmEdkifiHwGif EdkifiHwnfaqmufa&;twGuf xl;cRefxufNrufaom vlom;t&if;tNrpfrsm;pGm vdt k yfvQu&f &dS m acwfa[mif; (Conventional)(uGeAf ef&iS ;f e,f)t,ltqrsm;onf rsm;pGmtvkyfrNzpfawmhaBumif; today;vdk&if;Nzpfonf / atmifxG#f þaqmif;yg;onf (2006 . 6 . 9 )xkwf]] acwfNrefrm}] *sme,frS rl&if;twdkif; Nyefvnf pmpDí yD'DtufzfaNymif;um azmfNyNcif;Nzpfonf / q&m atmifxG#f tm;vnf;aumif; ? ]]acwfNrefrm}} *sme,ftm;vnf;aumif; cGifhawmif;Ncif;r&SdcJhyg / þodkY cGifhrawmif;EdkifonfrSmvnf; uRefawmf\ tm;enf;csufomNzpfygonf / odaYk omf uReaf wmf ,ckvkd xyfqifh ]] tcrJh }} Nyefvnf ul;,lazmfNyaeNcif;udv kf nf; rl&if;pma&;ol q&m ]] Od;atmifxG#fk }} rS vnf;aumif; ....... ]] acwfNrefrm}] tzGJUom;rsm; rSaomfvnf;aumif; cGifhNyKvdrfhrnfudkvnf; wpfxpfcs,HkBunfrdygaomaBumifh av;eufaompdwfxm;Nzifh azmfNyvdkufNcif;Nzpfyg onf /
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