Tectonica De Placas.pdf

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ARCTIC OCEAN

ARCTIC OCEAN

1

:

1 1

1

1

1

Greenland

EURASIA PLATE

1

Estonia Lithuan ia

MARIANA PLATE

94 mm/yr PHILIPPINE SEA PLATE

Indonesia

MOLUCCA SEA PLATE

6

BIRD’S HEAD PLATE MAOKE PLATE

E

INDIAN OCEAN

E

WOODLARK PLATE

70 mm/yr BALMORAL REEF PLATE

NIUAFO`OU PLATE

CONWAY REEF PLATE

TONGA PLATE

Australia

6

e am

Bolivia ALTIPLANO PLATE

151 mm/yr

Pa ra

79 mm/yr

JUAN FERNANDEZ PLATE

88 mm/yr

6

gu

Zambia Zimbabwe M

SOUTH AMERICA PLATE

ay

Angola am z o

q bi

ue

6

Namibia

6

Botswana

44 mm/yr 6

35 mm/yr

F

Uruguay

Argentina

6

6

15 mm/yr

59 mm/yr

75 mm/yr

and

6

F

94 mm/yr

Ne

F

&

wZ

40 mm/yr

e al

72 mm/yr

6

20 mm/yr

6

F

78 mm/yr

SOUTHERN OCEAN

6

15 mm/yr

6

SANDWICH PLATE

6

SOUTHERN OCEAN

ANTARCTICA PLATE

6

14 mm/yr

6

E

SCOTIA PLATE 6

6

6

6

6

6

Antarctica

6

&

F E

TRANSFORM

DIVERGENCE

CONVERGENCE

PLATE BOUNDARY

6

Converging 6

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7KLVPDSKLJKOLJKWVWKH(DUWK¶VWHFWRQLFSODWHERXQGDULHV7KHLQGLYLGXDOWHFWRQLFSODWHVDUHODEHOHGLQZKLWHOHWWHULQJ$UURZV LQGLFDWHWKHGLUHFWLRQRISODWHPRWLRQDWPDQ\RIWKHSODWHERXQGDULHVDQGWKHUDWHRIPRWLRQLVVKRZQLQPLOOLPHWHUVSHU\HDU 0RVWSODWHVDUHPRYLQJWHQVRIPLOOLPHWHUVSHU\HDU±DERXWWKHVDPHUDWHWKDW\RXUILQJHUQDLOVJURZ ‡'LYHUJHQW%RXQGDULHV'LYHUJHQWERXQGDULHVDUHIRUPHGZKHUHSODWHVDUHEHLQJVSOLWDSDUWDQGDUHPRYLQJDZD\IURPRQH DQRWKHU0RVWGLYHUJHQWERXQGDULHVDUHPLGRFHDQVSUHDGLQJULGJHVRUFRQWLQHQWDOULIW]RQHV1HZFUXVWLVIRUPHGDORQJWKH PLGRFHDQVSUHDGLQJULGJHVILOOLQJWKHJDSVOHIWEHKLQGDVWKHSODWHVPRYH7KHPLG$WODQWLFVSUHDGLQJULGJHFRPHVRQODQGDW ,FHODQGDQGLVVSOLWWLQJWKHLVODQGQDWLRQLQWZR2QDODUJHUVFDOHWKHPLG$WODQWLFVSUHDGLQJULGJHLVSXVKLQJWKHODQGPDVVHV RI$IULFDDQG(XUDVLDDZD\IURP1RUWKDQG6RXWK$PHULFD ‡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SOMALIA PLATE

United Republic of Tanzania

F

6

30 mm/yr

F

1

6

SOUTH ATLANTIC OCEAN

F

F

6

Kenya

South Africa

KERMADEC PLATE

E

AUSTRALIA PLATE

Gabon

Ug

a

F

SOUTH PA CI F I C OCEAN

Democratic Republic of the Congo

d an

27 mm/yr

35 mm/yr

EASTER PLATE

123 mm/yr

Ethiopia

151 mm/yr

NAZCA PLATE

237 mm/yr

n Central oo r African Republic me

F

E

FUTUNA PLATE

1

Somalia

Ca

NUBIA PLATE

Ecuador

Brazil

F

6

6

a

Peru

SOUTH PA CI F I C OCEAN

E

NEW HEBRIDES PLATE

6

Nigeria

F

6

106 mm/yr

Sudan

70 mm/yr

Papua SOUTH New BISMARCK Guinea PLATE SOLOMON SEA PLATE

TIMOR PLATE

F F

50 mm/yr

F

BANDA SEA PLATE

NORTH BISMARCK PLATE

Colombia

1

Burkina Faso

Cote Lib d’Ivoire Ghana eri

French Guiana

1

Chad

E



CAROLINE PLATE

GALAPAGOS PLATE

Chile

M

ala

ia ys

1

Yemen

Senegal

Venezuela

Pakistan

ARABIA PLATE

Egypt

Niger

Sierra Leone

NORTH ANDES PLATE

1

Saudi Arabia Mali

E

1

6

PACIFIC PLATE

SUNDA PLATE

PANAMA PLATE

27 mm/yr

Mauritania

18 mm/yr

Afghanistan

Iran

F

Sri Lanka

Libya

Guinea

COCOS PLATE

Iraq

rin

1

Syria

Algeria

Nic

86 mm/yr

F

61 mm/yr

Turkey

Su

Cambodia

BURMA PLATE

Tunisia

kist a n

Turkmenistan

9 mm/yr

a ra gua

E

Thailand

ANATOLIA PLATE

AEGEAN SEA PLATE

63 mm/yr CARIBBEAN PLATE

&

Greece

23 mm/yr

25 mm/yr

Guyana

Philippines

Bulgaria

Spain

E

1

Laos

E

INDIA PLATE

RIVERA PLATE

E

Myanmar (Burma)

Uz b e

ia

car

Taiwan

India 1

Mexico

rb

West er Saha n ra

E 1

ly

Kazakhstan

Romania

l

48 mm/yr

Se

a tug

al

Ukraine

a lovaki

Croatia

Morocco

OKINAWA PLATE

Belarus

S ry tria s u nga A u H

France

Por

YANGTZE PLATE

45 mm/yr

F F

Ne p

Japan

&

1

E

China

92 mm/yr

Czech Republic

23 mm/yr

NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN

United States

NORTH PA CI F I C OCEAN

Germany

ium

Ita

Kyrgyzstan North Korea South Korea

Belg

Poland

an

E 39 mm/yr

United Kingdom

Om

Ire lan d

JUAN DE FUCA PLATE

73 mm/yr

Latvia

18 mm/yr

F

78 mm/yr

Mongolia

ay

da

E

E

AMUR PLATE

Finland

gas

58 mm/yr

w

Ma

&

Canada

or

E

E

OKHOTSK PLATE

47 mm/yr

NORTH AMERICA PLATE

N

E

Russia

EURASIA PLATE

Sweden

Iceland

F

1

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TECTONIC PLATES



(

( (

(

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Diverging Transform

(

‡7UDQVIRUP%RXQGDULHV7UDQVIRUPERXQGDULHVDUHIRXQGLQDUHDVZKHUHSODWHVDUH VOLGLQJSDVWRQHDQRWKHU(YHQWKRXJKWKHPLGRFHDQVSUHDGLQJULGJHVDUH SUHGRPLQDQWO\GLYHUJHQWERXQGDULHVWKH\DUHEURNHQLQWRVPDOOGLYHUJHQWVHJPHQWV FRQQHFWHGWRRQHDQRWKHUE\VKRUWWUDQVIRUPIDXOWV2QWKHFRQWLQHQWVWZRRIWKH ODUJHVWDQGEHVWNQRZQWUDQVIRUPSODWHERXQGDULHVDUHWKH6DQ$QGUHDV)DXOW=RQH LQ&DOLIRUQLDDQGWKH1RUWK$QDWROLDQ)DXOW=RQHLQ7XUNH\

Plate Boundary Referenced from Bird, Peter (2003) An updated digital model of plate boundaries. (Orogen boundaries omitted.) Plate Convergence Vectors Referenced from United States Geological Survey: Convergence data are shown by arrows describing direction and speed, relative to the plate across the boundary. Plate Divergence Vectors Referenced from Digital Tectonic Activity Map: Divergence data are shown by double arrows describing direction and speed. World WorldSat Color Shaded Relief Image Published by Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc

Divergent, Convergent, and Transform Boundaries

Projection: Robinson (World)

DIVERGENT BOUNDARY

CONVERGENT BOUNDARY

TRANSFORM BOUNDARY

Produced by California Institute of Technology Tectonics Observatory April 2009