Technology Of Vr
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Technology of VR Group Members: Azura Mat Salim Fadlynna Ilyani Zulkarim Chieng Chin Yi Ernie Darlina Taib Norkhairul Wahab
VRML Virtual Reality Modelling Language (VRML) International standard file format Describing interactive 3D multimedia on the Internet. VRML 1.0 created based on the Open Inventor file format. Capabilities were further extended with the release of VRML 2.0 VRML97 replaced VRML 2.0 as the ISO standard
VRML Features VRML defines most common attributes found in 3D applications Transformation, texture mapping viewpoints and materials Able to compose objects for VRML worlds using a generic text editor Can be used for defining VRML documents and / or as a file interchange format Support for various scripting languages (e.g. JavaScript)
VRML Features Uses a hierarchical scene graph in describing 3D objects and worlds VRML 2.0 design enables a prototyping mechanism, allows encapsulation and promotes reusability of scene graphs VRML browser is required to view VRML objects and worlds.
VRML Applications
Commonly used in creating virtual worlds • Architectural walkthroughs • Scientific visualization • Sntertainment and industrial designs
Lacks the networking and database protocols to create true multi-user interactive 3D worlds Technology of multi-user worlds requires the integration of VRML with other languages such as Java 2 key elements in creating a virtual world • A text editor or build tools • A VRML browser to view the world
Java3D Full-featured 3D graphics API Implementation is layered on top of native low-level rendering APIs, namely OpenGL and Direct3D Part of the Java Media family of APIs High-level programming language
• Based on Java • Shields users from low-level rendering details e.g. hardware acceleration. • Supports high levels of optimization and multiprocessor rendering
Java3D Easily create virtual worlds that are immersive and even interactive. Lets users to deal with lighting, texture mapping and various other behaviors. Powerful yet easily mastered graphics capabilities. Able to support applications that operate on a variety of output devices Portability and networking capabilities May run on different operating systems, different low-level graphics APIs or different graphics hardware.
Java3D Features
Scene graph programming model
Java 3D rendering control
Scalability
Convenience and Utility Classes
Java3D In A Nutshell
Basically the Java programming interface for interactive 3D graphics. Provides developers and users platform-independent, highperformance applications and applets. Greatly simplifies programming as opposed to other lowlevel APIs such as OpenGL and DirectX. An optional package that is installed on top of Java 2.
MPEG-4
ISO/IEC standard developed by MPEG (Moving Picture Experts Group)
Formal ISO/IEC designation is ISO/IEC 14496
Became an International Standard in 1999.
MPEG-4 builds on the proven success of three fields:
• Digital television; • Interactive graphics applications (synthetic content); • Interactive multimedia (World Wide Web, distribution of and access to content)
MPEG-4 Features For authors • Enables the production of content that has greater reusability, greater flexibility • • •
digital television animated graphics World Wide Web (WWW) pages and their extensions.
• Better manage and protect content owner rights.
MPEG-4 Features For network service providers •
Offers transparent information
•
Can be interpreted and translated into the appropriate native signaling messages of each network with the help of relevant standards bodies.
•
Provides a generic QoS descriptor for different MPEG-4 media.
•
The exact translations from the QoS parameters set for each media to the network are beyond the scope of MPEG-4 and are left to network providers.
•
Signaling of the MPEG-4 media QoS descriptors end-toend enables transport optimization in heterogeneous networks.
MPEG-4 Features For end users •
MPEG-4 brings higher levels of interaction with content, within the limits set by the author
•
Brings multimedia to new networks, including those employing relatively low bit rate, and mobile ones
MPEG-4 Goals To avoid a multitude of proprietary, non-interworking formats and players by providing standardized ways to:
Represent units of aural, visual or audiovisual content, called "media objects“ Describe the composition of these objects to create compound media objects that form audiovisual scenes Multiplex and synchronize the data associated with media objects, so that they can be transported over network channels Interact with the audiovisual scene generated at the receiver’s end.
MPEG-4 Implementation
Allows for robust communication over limited rate wireless channels, useful for e.g. mobile videophones and space communication Allow the transmission and storage of high-quality video suitable for the studio and other very demanding content creation applications
Interactive web-based video
Encode video captures with a hand-held camera
Games market
Overview of Open Inventor
TM
Presents a programming model based on a 3D scene database that dramatically simplifies graphics programming. Based on OpenGL indirectly taking the advantage of OpenGL such as platform/window-systems independent. Simplifies the software development process and allows very rapid development of graphics applications.
Design & Architecture
Open Inventor includes:• 3D scene database: shapes, property, group, engine, and sensor object. • Node kits: mechanism for creating pre-built grouping of inventor nodes. • Manipulators: interaction tools for user such as handle box and trackball. • Inventor component library: to provide some high level interactivity task.
Component library is window-system dependent but is available for most platforms thus maintaining the common look-and-feel for applications across platforms. OpenGL is used for all shading, lighting, and drawing via the GLX extension provided by OpenGL.
Design & Architecture (cont’d)
New nodes and behaviors can be added by the programmer in a number of very easy ways. Dynamic shared objects (DSO) allows any new node to be available for any Inventor application for reading/rendering.
Other Languages for VR AC3D AC3D is popular 3D object/scene modeler available for Linux, Windows 95/NT, and SGI. It outputs POV-Ray, VRML (1 and 2), RenderMan, Dive, Massive and other format. Benefits
1.
• •
•
Multi platform program - AC3D file format compatible across platforms. Built-in fast OpenGL 3D renderer with adjustable field-of-view instantly see results of your actions in 3D. Spin the model or switch into 'walk mode' for Quake-style control. 24-bit color palette with adjustable diffuse; ambient; emissive; shininess and transparency
Other Languages for VR(cont’d) Minimal Reality. Set of software tools for the production of virtual reality systems and other forms of three-dimensional user interfaces. Consists of a set of subroutine libraries, device drivers, support programs and a language for describing geometry and behavior. Benefits:
1.
• • •
Applications developed using MR will run at most MR sites with little or no modification to the source code. Complete source code is provided with the MR distribution (Open source). The MR toolkit was designed to be easy to extend.
Other Languages for VR(cont’d) TCL/TK Visual Tcl is a high-quality application development environment for UNIX, Windows, Macintosh, and AS400 platforms. Features:
• • • •
Extensible widget and geometry manager support. Create compound widgets and widget libraries. Visual Tcl features new ready-to-use widgets: combo box, multicolumn list box, progress bar. Predefined compounds available including scrolled text, scrolled list box, scrolled canvas, horizontal and vertical splitters.
Other Languages for VR(cont’d) X3D Next-generation open standard for 3D on the web. Extensible standard that can easily be supported by content creation tools, proprietary browsers, and other 3D applications. Replaces VRML, but also provides compatibility with existing VRML content and browsers. Benefits:
• • •
There are significant commercial and open-source movements for advancing X3D. X3D content is modular and reusable. X3D supports optional XML encoding for tight integration with other Web technologies.
Summary VRML
Genre
JAVA3D
format for interactive 3D on web
3D graphics API
VRML
Java
Multiplatfor m
Scene graphbased
I’active 3D virtual worlds
I’active 3D virtual Worlds
L’guage
Apps
MPEG4
Standard i’active video
Open I’ventor
AC3D
Minimal Reality
Tcl/Tk
Toolkit & API for i’active 3D
3D object/ scene modeler
S’ware to produce VR system
App. Developm ent Environment
Open Standard for 3D on web
Callable Using C, C++, Fortran
Tcl/Tk
Multiple
C++
I’active webbased video
I’active 3D graphics app.
x3D
Creation of 3D objects
VR Sys. & 3D user interface
3D animation player
VRML Virtual Reality Modelling Language (VRML) International standard file format Describing interactive 3D multimedia on the Internet. VRML 1.0 created based on the Open Inventor file format. Capabilities were further extended with the release of VRML 2.0 VRML97 replaced VRML 2.0 as the ISO standard
VRML Features VRML defines most common attributes found in 3D applications Transformation, texture mapping viewpoints and materials Able to compose objects for VRML worlds using a generic text editor Can be used for defining VRML documents and / or as a file interchange format Support for various scripting languages (e.g. JavaScript)
VRML Features Uses a hierarchical scene graph in describing 3D objects and worlds VRML 2.0 design enables a prototyping mechanism, allows encapsulation and promotes reusability of scene graphs VRML browser is required to view VRML objects and worlds.
VRML Applications
Commonly used in creating virtual worlds • Architectural walkthroughs • Scientific visualization • Sntertainment and industrial designs
Lacks the networking and database protocols to create true multi-user interactive 3D worlds Technology of multi-user worlds requires the integration of VRML with other languages such as Java 2 key elements in creating a virtual world • A text editor or build tools • A VRML browser to view the world
Java3D Full-featured 3D graphics API Implementation is layered on top of native low-level rendering APIs, namely OpenGL and Direct3D Part of the Java Media family of APIs High-level programming language
• Based on Java • Shields users from low-level rendering details e.g. hardware acceleration. • Supports high levels of optimization and multiprocessor rendering
Java3D Easily create virtual worlds that are immersive and even interactive. Lets users to deal with lighting, texture mapping and various other behaviors. Powerful yet easily mastered graphics capabilities. Able to support applications that operate on a variety of output devices Portability and networking capabilities May run on different operating systems, different low-level graphics APIs or different graphics hardware.
Java3D Features
Scene graph programming model
Java 3D rendering control
Scalability
Convenience and Utility Classes
Java3D In A Nutshell
Basically the Java programming interface for interactive 3D graphics. Provides developers and users platform-independent, highperformance applications and applets. Greatly simplifies programming as opposed to other lowlevel APIs such as OpenGL and DirectX. An optional package that is installed on top of Java 2.
MPEG-4
ISO/IEC standard developed by MPEG (Moving Picture Experts Group)
Formal ISO/IEC designation is ISO/IEC 14496
Became an International Standard in 1999.
MPEG-4 builds on the proven success of three fields:
• Digital television; • Interactive graphics applications (synthetic content); • Interactive multimedia (World Wide Web, distribution of and access to content)
MPEG-4 Features For authors • Enables the production of content that has greater reusability, greater flexibility • • •
digital television animated graphics World Wide Web (WWW) pages and their extensions.
• Better manage and protect content owner rights.
MPEG-4 Features For network service providers •
Offers transparent information
•
Can be interpreted and translated into the appropriate native signaling messages of each network with the help of relevant standards bodies.
•
Provides a generic QoS descriptor for different MPEG-4 media.
•
The exact translations from the QoS parameters set for each media to the network are beyond the scope of MPEG-4 and are left to network providers.
•
Signaling of the MPEG-4 media QoS descriptors end-toend enables transport optimization in heterogeneous networks.
MPEG-4 Features For end users •
MPEG-4 brings higher levels of interaction with content, within the limits set by the author
•
Brings multimedia to new networks, including those employing relatively low bit rate, and mobile ones
MPEG-4 Goals To avoid a multitude of proprietary, non-interworking formats and players by providing standardized ways to:
Represent units of aural, visual or audiovisual content, called "media objects“ Describe the composition of these objects to create compound media objects that form audiovisual scenes Multiplex and synchronize the data associated with media objects, so that they can be transported over network channels Interact with the audiovisual scene generated at the receiver’s end.
MPEG-4 Implementation
Allows for robust communication over limited rate wireless channels, useful for e.g. mobile videophones and space communication Allow the transmission and storage of high-quality video suitable for the studio and other very demanding content creation applications
Interactive web-based video
Encode video captures with a hand-held camera
Games market
Overview of Open Inventor
TM
Presents a programming model based on a 3D scene database that dramatically simplifies graphics programming. Based on OpenGL indirectly taking the advantage of OpenGL such as platform/window-systems independent. Simplifies the software development process and allows very rapid development of graphics applications.
Design & Architecture
Open Inventor includes:• 3D scene database: shapes, property, group, engine, and sensor object. • Node kits: mechanism for creating pre-built grouping of inventor nodes. • Manipulators: interaction tools for user such as handle box and trackball. • Inventor component library: to provide some high level interactivity task.
Component library is window-system dependent but is available for most platforms thus maintaining the common look-and-feel for applications across platforms. OpenGL is used for all shading, lighting, and drawing via the GLX extension provided by OpenGL.
Design & Architecture (cont’d)
New nodes and behaviors can be added by the programmer in a number of very easy ways. Dynamic shared objects (DSO) allows any new node to be available for any Inventor application for reading/rendering.
Other Languages for VR AC3D AC3D is popular 3D object/scene modeler available for Linux, Windows 95/NT, and SGI. It outputs POV-Ray, VRML (1 and 2), RenderMan, Dive, Massive and other format. Benefits
1.
• •
•
Multi platform program - AC3D file format compatible across platforms. Built-in fast OpenGL 3D renderer with adjustable field-of-view instantly see results of your actions in 3D. Spin the model or switch into 'walk mode' for Quake-style control. 24-bit color palette with adjustable diffuse; ambient; emissive; shininess and transparency
Other Languages for VR(cont’d) Minimal Reality. Set of software tools for the production of virtual reality systems and other forms of three-dimensional user interfaces. Consists of a set of subroutine libraries, device drivers, support programs and a language for describing geometry and behavior. Benefits:
1.
• • •
Applications developed using MR will run at most MR sites with little or no modification to the source code. Complete source code is provided with the MR distribution (Open source). The MR toolkit was designed to be easy to extend.
Other Languages for VR(cont’d) TCL/TK Visual Tcl is a high-quality application development environment for UNIX, Windows, Macintosh, and AS400 platforms. Features:
• • • •
Extensible widget and geometry manager support. Create compound widgets and widget libraries. Visual Tcl features new ready-to-use widgets: combo box, multicolumn list box, progress bar. Predefined compounds available including scrolled text, scrolled list box, scrolled canvas, horizontal and vertical splitters.
Other Languages for VR(cont’d) X3D Next-generation open standard for 3D on the web. Extensible standard that can easily be supported by content creation tools, proprietary browsers, and other 3D applications. Replaces VRML, but also provides compatibility with existing VRML content and browsers. Benefits:
• • •
There are significant commercial and open-source movements for advancing X3D. X3D content is modular and reusable. X3D supports optional XML encoding for tight integration with other Web technologies.
Summary VRML
Genre
JAVA3D
format for interactive 3D on web
3D graphics API
VRML
Java
Multiplatfor m
Scene graphbased
I’active 3D virtual worlds
I’active 3D virtual Worlds
L’guage
Apps
MPEG4
Standard i’active video
Open I’ventor
AC3D
Minimal Reality
Tcl/Tk
Toolkit & API for i’active 3D
3D object/ scene modeler
S’ware to produce VR system
App. Developm ent Environment
Open Standard for 3D on web
Callable Using C, C++, Fortran
Tcl/Tk
Multiple
C++
I’active webbased video
I’active 3D graphics app.
x3D
Creation of 3D objects
VR Sys. & 3D user interface
3D animation player
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