Table Tenses

Tenses Table No

Jenis Tenses

Rumus Umum

I

SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE (Kebiasaan / Sederhana Sekarang)

I/You/We/They + Verb I He/She/It + Verb I + s/es

II

PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE (Waktu sedang berlangsung Sekarang)

I + am + Verb I + ing You/We/They + are + Verb I + ing He/She/It + is + Verb I + ing

III

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE I/You/We/They + Have + (Bentuk Kalimat Sempurna Verb III Selesai Sekarang) He/She/It + Has + Verb III

IV

PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE (Sedang Berlansung Sempurna Selesai Sekarang) SIMPLE PAST TENSE (Bentuk Lampau Sederhana)

V

I/You/We/They + Have + Been + Verb I +ing He/She/It + Has + Been + Verb I + ing I/You/We/They + Verb II He/She/It + Verb II

Contoh Kalimat - I read a book every day. - He swims with his brother every Sunday. - She washes her clothes every morning. - They study math everyday. - We play football every week. - I am singing with my mother. - You are dancing now. - He is standing next to her. - She is drawing a picture of her mother. - They are learning about our culture. - We are trying to call Lisa now. - We have told you the story once. - He has travelled around the world since 1998. - She has eaten this cake twice. - I have finished my education recently. - They have visited grandmother several times.

- I have been walking for half an hour. - She has been jogging for an hour. - We have been knowing wach other for over three years. - I saw a dog yesterday. - She met her old friends yesterday. - They did their exam an hour ago. - You spoke with her last week. - They were talking about her. - She was riding a horse. - You were watching TV all day yesterday. - He was riding his car when I met him. - We were going to the market while you slept at home.

Keterangan Waktu always, generally, often, regularly, normally, usually, sometimes, seldom, once a week, once a year, nowadays, everyday, every week, occasionally, once in a while now, right now, at present, today, soon, this morning, this afternoon, tonight, tomorrow, in a few days.

once, twice, already, lately, recently, since yesterday, for an hour, for two years, never, ever, this year, several times.

for, since, long, how long, the whole day, all afternoon, for over two years.

Menyatakan perbuatan / peristiwa yang sedang berlangsung. Menyatakan peristiwa / perbuatan yang bersifat sementara. Menyatakan peristiwa / perbuatan yang berlangsung pada waktu yang akan datang. Menyatakan perbuatan / peristiwa yang terjadi pada waktu lampau dan masih ada hubungannya dengan waktu sekarang. Menyatakan peristiwa yang telah terjadi. Menunjukkan suatu perbuatan ulangan pada waktu yang tidak tertentu. Menunjukkan suatu perbuatan / peristiwa yang selesai pada waktu yang singkat. Menyatakan perbuatan yang dimulai pada waktu lampau dan masih berlansung hingga sekarang.

yesterday, last Monday, an hour ago, the other day, last night, last year, a few minutes ago, two days ago.

Digunakan untuk menyatakan perbuatan yang selesai dilakukan pada waktu lampau.

when, while, as, all day yesterday, the whole day last Monday.

Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan / peristiwa yang sudah dimulai namun masih tetap berlangsung ketika kejadian / peristiwa lain terjadi di waktu lampau. Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan / peristiwa yang sedang terjadi diwaktu lampau. Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan yang telah selesai sebelum suatu perbuatan lain dilakukan pada waktu lampau. Digunakan untuk menunjukkan perbuatan yang berlangsung terus pada waktu lampau.

VI

PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE You/We/They + Were + (Sedang Berlangsung Lampau) Verb I + ing I/She/He/It + Was + Verb I + ing

VII

PAST PERFECT TENSE (Sedang Berlangsung Lampau)

You/We/They + Had + Verb III He/She/It + Had + Verb III

- I had seen the movie before you watched it. - He had known some words before he started learning English.

before, after, until, as soon as.

VIII

PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE (Sedang Berlangsung Selesai Lampau) SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE (Akan Datang Sederhana)

I/You/We/They + Had + Been + Verb I + ing He/She/It + Had + Been + Verb I + ing I/We + Shall + Verb I You/She/He/It/They + Will + Verb I

- I had been running for an hour when it started raining. - He had been preparing his bag when the taxi came. - I shall come back at 10pm. - You will buy a new house. - We shall meet Dina tomorrow at her house. - She will play violin tonight.

when

IX

Keterangan Menyatakan perbuatan yang menjadi kebiasaan. Menyatakan kebenaran umum.

tomorrow, this afternoon, tonight, next week, if, next year, soon, when, while, until.

Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan / peristiwa yang akan dilakukan pada waktu yang akan datang.

No

Jenis Tenses

Rumus Umum

Contoh Kalimat - They will invite you to their party next week. - He will fix his motorcycle this afternoon.

X

FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE (Akan Sedang Berlangsung)

XI

FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE (Sedang Berlansung Selesai Akan Datang)

- Whe shall have been driving 6 hours by the by the end of…, by the end of this year. time I get home. - He will have been trying to find a new job for 5 months by June.

XII

FUTURE PERFECT TENSE (Sempurna Selesai Akan Datang)

I/We + Shall + Have + Verb III You/She/He/It/They + Will + Have + Verb III

- I Shall have graduated from Cambridge by July by Sunday, by the end of this week, by 2009. next month. - You will have read the book by Tuesday.

XIII

PAST FUTURE TENSE (Lampau Akan Datang)

I/We + Should + Verb I You/She/He/It/They + Would + Verb I

- I should go with you. - They would ask your name. - We should invite you to our party if you had enough time. - She would save her money.

the nextday, the day before, the week before, the month before.

XIV

PAST FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE (Akan Sedang Berlangsung Dimasa Lampau) PAST FUTURE PERFECT TENSE (Pada Masa Lampau Akan Selesai Sempurna)

I/We + Should + Be + Verb I + ing You/She/He/It/They + Would= Be + Verb I + ing I/We + Should + Have + Verb III You/She/He/It/They + Would + Have + Verb III

- I should be dancing with you. - He would be travelling to Spain. - They would be playing tennis on Sunday last week. - I should have met my uncle if I had finished m homework. - You would have watched TV if you had studied.

on Monday last week, at nine yesterday, in July last year.

PAST FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE (Pada Masa Lampau Waktu Akan Sudah Terjadi)

I/We + Should + Have Been + Verb I + ing You/She/He/It/They + Would + Have Been + Verb I + ing

- I should have been saving my money. by the end of this month, by March last - You would have been taking an English course. year. - We should have been buying a house.

XVI

Keterangan

Digunakan untuk membuat suatu janji pada waktu yang akan datang. Digunakan untuk menunjukkan syarat. Digunakan untuk memohon kepada seseorang untuk melakukan sesuatu. at this time next year, at this time Digunakan untuk menunjukkan suatu tomorrow, at the same time next Monday. perbuatan yang akan sedang terjadi.

I/We + Shall + Be + Verb I + ing You/She/He/It/They + Will + Be + Verb I + ing I/We + Shall + Have Been + Verb I + ing You/She/He/It/They + Will + Have Been + Verb I + ing

XV

- We shall be watching TV when you arrive. - You will be getting home this evening. - She will be making her homework.

Keterangan Waktu

if

Digunakan untuk meyatakan suatu perbuatan / peristiwa yang sudah dimulai pada waktu lampau tetapi ada kemungkinan dilanjutkan pada waktu yang akan datang. Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan / peristiwa yang sudah dimulai pada waktu lampau dan segera selesai pada waktu akan datang. Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan yang akan dilakukan pada waktu lampau. Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan yang akan dilaksanakan apabila syaratnya terpenuhi pada waktu lampau. Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan / peristiwa yang akan sedang terjadi pada waktu lampau. Menyatakan suatu perbuatan / peristiwa yang akan sudah selesai pada waktu lampau atau menyatakan pengandaian yang tidak mungkin terjadi karena syaratnya sudah pasti tidak akan terpenuhi. Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan / peristiwa yang akan sudah sedang berlangsung pada waktu lampau.