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SUMMARY Hipertensi ditandaai dengan meningkatnya tekanan darah diatas normal (N = < 130/85 mmHg). Hipertensi merupakan penyebab kematian nomor tiga di Indonesia setelah Stroke dan Tuberkulosis. Penanganan Hipertensi dapat dilakukan dengan cara dan nonfarmakologi. Salah satu penanganan hipertensi nonfarmakologi yakni, pemberian aromaterapi (lavender) yang dipercaya efektif dalam menurunkan tekanan darah dan denyut jantung. Oleh sebab itu peneliti tertarik untuk membuktikan efektivitas dari minyak esensial lavender tersebut. Sehingga diharapkan dapat menjadi alternatif lain dalam hal terapi bagi pasien hipertensi

pasien

maupun

mencegah

terjadinya

hipertesi

pada

pasien

prehipertensi. Dalam hal ini, peneliti sengaja memilih mahasiswa fakultas kedokteran sebagai responden dikarenakan mahasiswa fakultas kedokteran memiliki tingkat stres yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan rekan-rekan seusianya. Penelitian

ini

menggunakan

metode

eksperimental

semu

(quasi

experiment) dengan pretest-posttest design. Berdasarkan rumus perhitungan data sampel didapatkan nilai n = 34. Ditinjau dari jenis kelamin didapatkan mayoritas responden berjenis kelamin perempuan. Rentang usia responden antara Sampel 18 sampai 22 tahun, dan didapatkan usia terbanyak adalah 20 tahun. Hasil analisis data berdasarkan perhitungan tekanan darah didapatkan rata-rata tekanan darah sistolik sebelum dan sesudah pemberian aromaterapi adalah 133,00 ± 10,91 menjadi 104,64 ± 9,68 mmHg dan rata-rata diastolik adalah 71,35 ± 6,12 menjadi 67,50 ± 5,82 mmHg. Pada denyut jantung

didapatkan rata-rata denyut jantung adalah 82,17 ± 11,45 kali/menit menjadi 74,20 ± 10,97 kali/menit. Pemberian aromaterapi (lavender) dipercaya efektif dalam menurunkan tekanan darah dan denyut jantung melalui mekanisme terapi relaksasi. Minyak esensial (lavender) dapat mempengaruhi aktivitas fungsi kerja otak melalui sistem saraf yang berhubungan dengan indra penciuman. Inhalasi minyak esensial lavender akan menstimulasi nervus olfaktorius (Kenia, 2013). Impuls yang masuk akan mempengaruhi hipotalamus, hipokampus, dan amigdala, yang kemudian mempengaruhi sistem saraf otonom (Koulivand, 2013), sistem saraf otonom akan mengaktifkan efek inhibitor pada sistem saraf simpatis dan meningkatkan kerja sistem parasimpatis (Guyton, 2014) sehingga menyebabkan penurunan tekanan darah dan denyut jantung. Berdasarkan teori tersebut, hasil penelitian yang dilakukan oleh peneliti menunjukkan bahwa terjadi penurunan yang signifikan pada tekanan darah sistolik, diastolik maupun denyut jantung setelah responden dipaparkan aromaterapi lavender secara evaporasi selama 20 menit.

Dalam

menganalisis

data,

peneliti

melakukan

uji

normalitas

(Kolmogorov-Smirnov) terlebih dahulu. Data yang berdistribusi normal maka uji hipotesis yang digunakan adalah t – paired test, dan untuk data tidak berdistribusi normal, maka dilakukan uji Wilcoxon. Berdasarkan uji statistik didapatkan nilai signifikansi (p = 0,000; p ˂ 0,05). Dengan demikian H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima, yang berarti hipotesis pada penelitian ini dapat diterima terdapat penurunan tekanan darah dan denyut jantung setelah pemberian aromaterapi lavender selama 20 menit.

SUMMARY Hypertension is characterized by increased blood pressure above normal (N = <130/85 mmHg). Hypertension is the third leading cause of death in Indonesia after Stroke and Tuberculosis. Handling Hypertension can be done by way and nonfarmakologi. One of handling of nonpharmacology hypertension that is, giving aromatherapy (lavender) which is believed effective in lowering blood pressure and heart rate. Therefore, researchers are interested to prove the effectiveness of lavender essential oil. So it is expected to be another alternative in terms of therapy for patients with hypertension patients and prevent the occurrence of hypertension in patients with prehypertension. In this case, researchers deliberately chose medical faculty students as respondents because medical faculty students have a higher stress level than their age peers. This study uses quasi experimental method (quasi experiment) with pretestposttest design. Based on the formula of the calculation of the sample data obtained value n = 34. Viewed from the gender obtained the majority of respondents female sex. The age range of respondents between Sample 18 to 22 years, and obtained the most age is 20 years. The results of data analysis based on blood pressure calculation obtained mean systolic blood pressure before and after giving aromatherapy was 133,00 ± 10,91 become 104,64 ± 9,68 mm Hg and diastolic mean was 71,35 ± 6,12 become 67.50 ± 5.82 mmHg. In heart rate, the mean heart rate was 82.17 ± 11.45 times / min to 74.20 ± 10.97 times / min. Giving aromatherapy (lavender) is believed to be effective in lowering blood pressure and heart rate through relaxation therapy mechanism. Essential oils (lavender) can affect the activity of brain function through the nervous system associated with the sense of smell. Inhalation of lavender essential oil will stimulate the olfactory nerve (Kenia, 2013). The incoming impulse affects the hypothalamus, hippocampus, and amygdala, which subsequently affects the autonomic nervous system (Koulivand, 2013), the autonomic nervous system will activate the inhibitor effects of the sympathetic nervous system and enhance the work of the parasympathetic system (Guyton, 2014) and heart rate. Based on the theory, the results of research conducted by researchers showed that there was a significant decrease in systolic blood pressure, diastolic or heart rate after respondents exposed aravatherapy lavender evaporated for 20 minutes. In analyzing the data, the researchers conducted a test of normality (KolmogorovSmirnov) first. Normally distributed data then the hypothesis test used is t - paired test, and for data not normally distributed, then tested Wilcoxon. Based on statistical test, the value of significance (p = 0,000; p ˂ 0,05) was obtained. Thus H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted, which means the hypothesis in this study is acceptable there is a decrease in blood pressure and heart rate after lavender aromatherapy for 20 minutes.

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