Species Diversity In Communities

SPECIES SPECIES DIVERSITY IN IN DIVERSITY COMMUNITIES COMMUNITIES ALYANA D. AGUSTIN Reporter

WHAT IS SPECIES? • A set of individuals having the same distinct characteristics and able to mate and produce fertile offspring.

SPECIES DIVERSITY • The number and variety of life forms present in a biological community. Species Richness - is the number of different kinds of species in a particular area. Species evenness - is the abundance of the individual members within a particular species

HOW MANY SPECIES DO YOU THINK LIVE ON EARTH?

Types of Species Based on General Ecological Niche

GENERALIST SPECIES  have broad way of life, can live in a variety of environments, eat many kinds of different foods, often can tolerate a wide range of environmental conditions and

produce more young.

EXAMPLES OF GENERALIST SPECIES

COCKROACH

RAT

SPECIALIST SPECIES  Live in a narrow niche  They are able to live in one habitat, eat a specific food, sensitive to changes in the environment and usually produce new offspring

EXAMPLES OF SPECIALIST SPECIES Pandas

Flamingo

Types of Species Based on Specific Ecological Niche

NATIVE SPECIES  Endemic or local  are organisms that can only be found in one place and nowhere else Examples: Philippine Tamaraw Philippine Tarsier Philippine Bamboo Bat

NON-NATIVE SPECIES  exotic, invasive or alien  are species that migrates either accidentally or deliberately introduced into a new ecosystem Examples: • Golden Apple Snail or Golden Kuhol • Tilapia

EXAMPLES OF NON-NATIVE Golden Kuhol

Tilapia

KEYSTONE SPECIES  Exist only in limited numbers but their effect on the environment is great.  They perform roles such as controlling the population of other species by eating sick and the old members

EXAMPLES OF KEYSTONE SPECIES SHARK

ALLIGATOR

FOUNDATION SPECIES  are organisms that helps create and reshape habitats and ecosystems. Ex. Beaver makes dams as a protected area where it lives but the newly formed habitat also house other organisms such as birds, fish and insect