Souvenir Life Science 250 Cds.pdf

JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology”

The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” ABOUT BANGALORE CITY Bangalore is the capital and the largest city of Karnataka state. It is also called "Garden City" for its beautiful gardens, flowers and trees which flourish in each and every street. It is India's fifth largest city and India's fifth largest metropolitan area, with a population of about 9 millions. Within the last decade, the establishment and success of high technology firms in Bangalore have lead to the growth of Information Technology (IT) and Biotechnology (BT) in India. IT and BT firms in Bangalore employ about 30% of India's pool of 1 million IT and BT professionals. Bangalore is the scientific hub of India and it has the world renowned and the oldest Research Institutes and Universities that includes Indian Institute of Science, the Indian Institute of Astrophysics, the Raman Research Institute, the Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, the National Center for Biological Science, the Indian Statistical Institute and Indian Institute of Management etc. There are numerous gardens and historical sites within the city to keep you occupied. The Vidhan Soudha is the prime attraction. The Government Museum of Bangalore and the Vishvesvaraya Technological and Industrial Museum are worth visiting. The Lal Bagh Botanical Gardens, holds a number of flower shows, especially during the Republic Day attracts several tourists. The Fort and Palace of Tipu Sultan are other important places in Bangalore. You may pray at the temple dedicated to Nandi, the Bull besides the Venkataramanaswamy Temple, the Gavi Gangadhareswara Cave Temple, the Someshwara Temple and iskon temple. The Bannerghatta National Park and Ulsoor Lake are ideal spots to visit. Bangalore is situated in the Deccan Plateau, with an average elevation of 920 m above sea level. Due to its elevation Bangalore enjoys a pleasant and equable climate throughout the year. Climatic condition of Bangalore during winter (November to February) is the coolest period with temperature falling between 10 – 15 °C. ABOUT THE CONFERENCE Science is not complicated!! The best scientific attitude about life simplifies things. Convergence is a new paradigm that can yield critical advances in a broad array of sectors, from health care to energy, food, climate, and water. The 6th annual science conference “Beyond the Frontiers in Science & Technology” aims at the convergence of life science and The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” physical science at one platform for many. It is an intensive two-day conference designed for the faculty and students from all scientific disciplines. The major objective of this event is to develop the interest of young researchers for undertaking studies and research in the frontier fields of physical, chemical and biological sciences and to present their research proceedings. The event provides a platform for interdisciplinary communication and intensifies collaborations between academia and industry. Jnanarjana 2K14, 6th National Science Conference on “Beyond the Frontiers in Science and Technology” to be conducted on 27th and 28th March 2014, is therefore organized to give the students a firsthand comprehensive insight into the field of Science and Technology from renowned speakers from various backgrounds. This conference is hosted by the departments of Physical, Chemical, Mathematical and Life Science, The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore. Jnana, the knowledge is eternal and grows with sharing. Jnanarjana 2K14 aims at empowering students and faculty with the thoughts and knowledge from eminent speakers from the Academia as well as industry. This conference will provide a platform for the young minds from academia, Research & Development and Industry to interact and share their views with a more open and free mind so as to develop a better perception about the industrial requirements. The conference is spread over two days – Day 1 will comprise of Keynote address and technical session in the field of Life science and competitions for Physical and Mathematical sciences. Day 2 will consist of technical sessions Physical, Chemical and Mathematical sciences and competitions for Lifescience to make the conference more interactive. The focal points during both the days would be the technical sessions by eminent speakers from both academia and industry. We believe that this conference would truly be an excellent opportunity for all the 800 participants from all over India to imbibe knowledge and take back memorable experiences with a more clear and focused mind at the end of the day.

The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” ABOUT THE OXFORD COLLEGE OF SCIENCE The Oxford Educational Institutions under the aegis of Children’s Education Society was founded by Sri S. Narasa Raju, an eminent educationist of national stature in the year 1974, with two teachers and twenty four students. The Oxford College of Science is a part of the thirty institutions under the umbrella of Children’s Education Society. The Oxford College of Science offers 12 Postgraduate and 12 Undergraduate programmes. Department of Microbiology, Biotechnology, Biochemistry, Applied Genetics, Chemistry, Electronics, Mathematics and Computer Science comprise the PG department of life science, Chemical Science, Physical and Mathematical science delivering high quality education and research with highly qualified and dedicated teaching faculty. The college is accredited with “A” grade by NAAC and certified by International Accreditation Organization (IAO) and also recognized with 2f and 2‘B’ by UGC. Departments are equipped with world class infrastructure and various government sponsored projects worth around 2 crores. The Oxford College of Science has consistently secured a place among the top five Science Colleges in the city of Bangalore for five years since 2007.The Department of Biotechnology is ranked 8th in India and 1st in Karnataka among the private institutions. CAMPUS AT A GLANCE •

Total Campus area of 2.5 acres, total plinth area of 2.85 lakh sq. ft.,

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Playground of 5 acres.

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The auditorium with a 650 seating capacity to enable the students and faculty to organize symposia, conferences and other academic and cultural programs. The auditorium is well designed with video conferencing facilities to interact with well known personalities in related fields all over the world.

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World-class classrooms with interactive digital boards, scientific laboratories designed with imported interiors and furnishings from well known designers and fabricators.

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Well stocked spacious library with books, scientific journals, e-library facility and audio visual aids

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Sophisticated computer laboratory with internet facility/Wi Fi Connectivity

The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” •

The gallery classrooms are well equipped with latest teaching aids and audiovisual facilities.

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College automation- SMART campus software with 

Student data-attendance, time table, internal marks, Library book issue etc.

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Staff data- work load, lesson plan, staff attendance etc.

Biometric system for recording entry and exit time of staff .

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” Estd. 1974

Ph: 26630855, 22452500- 04 (5 lines), Fax: 26548658

CHILDREN’S EDUCATION SOCIETY (Regd.) Regd. No. 284/74-75

THE OXFORD EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS (Recognised by Govt. of Karnataka)

1st

Phase, J.P.Nagar, Bangalore – 560 078

CHAIRMAN’S MESSAGE

It gives me immense pleasure to acknowledge Jnanarjana 2K14, 6 th National Science Conference on “Beyond the Frontiers in Science and Technology”, an inventive venture of The Oxford College of Science for

the past six years. Convergence of all the fields of science on a single platform for the benefit of many is the key objective of Jnanarjana 2K14. The topics chosen under Life Science, Physical Science & Mathematical Science encompass the latest trends and advance techniques in the respective fields. Although crystallography underpins all of the sciences today, it remains relatively unknown to the general public. In this regard a special lecture has been arranged on Crystallography. This conference in true sense will be able to stimulate the young minds, ensuring better and brighter citizens of rising India. The aim of education is not only to impart knowledge but to add value to the education and equip all individuals for life and living. I wish all the success to the team of Jnanarjana 2K14 and the participating delegates. May God bless one and all. S.NARASA RAJU Chairman The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” Estd. 1974

Ph: 26630855, 22452500- 04 (5 lines), Fax: 26548658

CHILDREN’S EDUCATION SOCIETY (Regd.) Regd. No. 284/74-75

THE OXFORD EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS (Recognised by Govt. of Karnataka)

1st Phase, J.P.Nagar, Bangalore – 560 078

DIRECTOR’S MESSAGE

On the occasion of the 6th ‘Jnanarjana’, National Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science and Technology”, I congratulate The Oxford College of Science for expanding the scope of the conference from life sciences to all sciences. This year’s conference promises to be meaningful as resource talks from eminent professionals from academic as well as industry would engage all participants in intellectually charged deliberation. The competitions and paper presentation sessions too promise to stimulate the creativity and intellect of the participants. I am very delighted to note that the organizing committee is bringing out the conference proceedings. I wish the effort all success. May the College of Science create more milestones that will lead towards the establishment of a strong research base. S.N.V.L. NARASIMHA RAJU Director

The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” Estd. 1974

Ph: 26630855, 22452500- 04 (5 lines), Fax: 26548658

CHILDREN’S EDUCATION SOCIETY (Regd.) Regd. No. 284/74-75

THE OXFORD COLLEGE OF SCIENCE

Accredited ‘A’ Grade by NAAC, Certified by IAO, (Recognised by Govt. of Karnataka, Affiliated to Bangalore University)

19th Main, Sector IV, HSR Layout, Bangalore 560 102 PRINCIPAL’S MESSAGE I congratulate the faculty and students of The Oxford College of Science for convening the 6th ‘Jnanarjana’, 2K14 on the 27th and 28th March 2014. In the previous years jnanarjana centered around life sciences. This year the inclusive scope of the conference opens to all the disciplines of the sciences to bring together on a single platform the scientific community- from academic as well as industry-to deliberate on the challenging theme of “Beyond the frontiers in Science and Technology”. I am happy to note that the college is bringing out the proceedings of the conference. I wish the conference all success and may the college move from strength to strength in research activities. Dr.SHARADA AJIT Principal

The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology”

ORGANIZING COMMITTEE Shri.S. Narasa Raju, Chief Patrons

Chairman, Children’s Education Society. Shri. S.N.V.L. Narasimha Raju, Executive Director, The Oxford Eductional Institutions.

Patron

Dr.Sharada Ajit, Principal

Organizing Secretary

Dr.Bharathi.S, Vice Principal-Academics.

Convener

Prof.Gayathri Sudir, Vice Principal-Administration.

Treasurer

Dr.Sangita Roy, HOD Biochemistry Major. Mudde Gowda, Member Governing Council.

Advisory

Dr.Rajasekaraiah, Director, TOCE. Dr.Nandeshwar. R.L , Director, TOCS & TOCM Dr.Elsamma Thomas, PG Co-ordinator, TOCS. Ms. Shanthala.V. S – HOD, Physics. Ms. Chetana. S – HOD Biotechnology. Ms. Pavana Kamath.P – Coordinator, Genetics.

Faculty Members

Dr. Narayana Swamy – HOD, FAD. Dr. Anil Kumar. K – HOD, Statistics. Dr. Venkatesh. V – Coordinator, Chemistry Dr. Meenakumari. J – HOD, Computer Science Mr. Ibrahim - Microbiology Ms. Umang Prajapathi - Electronics

Student Members

Mr. Aditya Rao - Biochemistry Mr. Deekshit - Biotechnology Ms. Kavya Hegde - Mathematics Ms. Chitra Krishnakumar - Genetics

The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology”

FACILITATION COMMITTEE COMMITTEE

IN-CHARGE MEMBERS

Programme Committee

Ms.Vaidhehi Jois , Ms. Deepti Varier & Ms.Muthamma

Registration Committee

Mr Prajeesh P, Ms. Sonhita & Ms Asha Ninan

Speaker Hospitality Committee

Ms Madukala , Ms Vatsalya Krupa, Ms.Pallavi Ms.Reka.G, Ms.Iveen Pinky

Stage Committee

Ms Vijaya, Ms.Mamata, Ms Deepa Kumari, Ms Fathimunnisa, Ms.Prathibha Nair

Delegate hospitality Committee

Ms.Kriti, Ms Priyanka, Ms.Smitha.N, Ms.Priya Chacko Ms.Ranjitha

Dr.Prakash, Mr.Nagaraju, Dr.Arpita, Ms.Lakshmi Priya, Ms.Devika Bhai Transportation Mr.Bhanu Prakash, Mr.Badrinath, Mr.Shivaji Ms.Hemamalini

Accommodation Committee Publicity & Committee Media Committee

Mr.Yogesh, Dr Neha, Ms Aditi, Ms.Ramandeep Kaur

Food Committee

Dr Narayana Swami, Mr Veerendra, Ms.Indu, Ms.Swetha, Ms.Pavithra

Printing Committee

Mr Sekar.K.V & Dr.Pramod T

Cultural Program Committee

Ms. Pavana, Ms. Gayathri

Scientific Committee

Dr.Abdul Nayeem, Mr.Ramanuja H S, Mr.Prajeesh.P, Mr.Sekar.K.V

Event Committee

Ms.Chetana Heroor, Ms.Pavana, Ms.Shantala, Ms.Sathya Veena, Ms.Deepthi.D, Ms.Garima Ms.Chithra, Ms.Raji Sukumar

Technical Committee

Mr.Ravichandra, Ms.Bharthi, Ms.Akshata, Ms.Thejaswini, Ms.Spoorthy

Sponsorship Committee

Ms.Gayathri Sudhir, Dr.Sangita Roy, Ms.Chetana, Dr.Narayana Swamy

The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology”

CONTENTS ORAL PRESENTATIONS Abstract No. OP-LS-01 OP-LS-02 OP-LS-03 OP-LS-04 OP-LS-05 OP-LS-06 OP-LS-07 OP-LS-08 OP-LS-09 OP-LS-10 OP-LS-11 OP-LS-12 OP-LS-13 OP-LS-14 OP-LS-15 OP-LS-16 OP-LS-17

Title of Abstract Impact of Cigarette Smoke on Human Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes – Effect of Ascorbic Acid Supplementation and Its Immunological Significance Protein Profile and Physico-Chemical Properties of Honey Anti-Invasive, Anti-Angiogenic and Pro-Apoptotic Potential of Embelin Against Human Colon Carcinoma Cell Line- Ht-29. Fabrication and Antipseudomonal Evaluation of Plant Extract Loaded Chitosan Sponges for Prospective Biomedical Applications. Etiology Of Organisms In ICU in Tertiary Care Hospital and Its Antibiotic Sensitivity Profile Bioprospecting For Enzyme Producing Attributes of Gut Microbiota of Rhinoceros Beetle (Oryctes Rhinoceros) Screening, Optimization and Characterization of Poly Hydroxy Alkanoates (Pha) Produced from Microbial Isolates Evaluation of Anti-Inflammatory Activity of A Poly Herbal Formulation Production and Optimization of Cellulase Enzyme by Aspergillus Niger Using Pineapple Peel as Substrate Bioremediation of Copper And Zinc from Automobile Effluents by Using Fungal Flora Biochemical Changes During Aluminium Stress in Amaranthus Tricolor L. In-Vitro and In-Situ Studies on Microbial Detoxication of Plastic Waste from the Dumping Sites of Bangalore City. Microbial Utilization of Diary Waste for the Production of Value Added Product – Lactic Acid. Biofabrication of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles using Macrophomina Phaseolina and its Antimicrobial Potential. Validation of Test Methods in Microbiology in a Neuro Care Centre. Actinomycetes Producing Multiple Enzymes from Western Ghat Soil. Anti-Cancer Activity of Methanol Extracts of the Latex of Michelia Champaca and Calotropis Gigantea using Human Breast Cancer Cell Line Zr75-1 and Human Leukemia Cell Line Hl60.

The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology”

OP-LS-18

Prophage Mediated Sero-Divergence in Salmonella Species.

OP-LS-19

A Field Study on Complex Inheritance Pattern Of Diabetes Mellitus

OP-LS-20

Comparative Morphometric analysis Of Different Species of Termites (Isoptera) from Bangalore

OP-LS-21

Studies on Low Cost Medium in Production of Chlorella Species Using Cow Urine for the Production of Bio-Diesel

OP-LS-22

Antiquorum Sensing Activity of Quercetin against Multidrug Resistant Pseudomonas Aeruginosa

OP-LS-23 OP-LS-24 OP-LS-25 OP-LS-26

Isolation of Oil Degrading Microorganisms from Soil Sample Collected From Oil Spilled Areas of Garages. Hisotpathological Studies on Hypophysis and Ovary of Fresh Water Fish Glossogobius Giuris (Hamilton) Production of Streptomycin From Streptomyces Griseus by Solid State Fermentation & Its Production Enhancement by Mutation & Analysis by HPLC In Vitro Qualitative and Quantitative Phytochemical Studies of Jasmine

The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology”

CONTENTS POSTER PRESENTATIONS Abstract No.

Title of Abstract

PP-LS-01

Diversity of Fungi on Some Selected Spices from Bangalore Rural Dist

PP-LS-02 PP-LS-03 PP-LS-04 PP-LS-05 PP-LS-06 PP-LS-07 PP-LS-08 PP-LS-09 PP-LS-10 PP-LS-11 PP-LS-12 PP-LS-13 PP-LS-14 PP-LS-15 PP-LS-16 PP-LS-17

Leaf Litter Mycoflora of Some Medicinal Plants from Bangalore Rural Dist Molecular Diversity Of Mushrooms in And Around Bangalore Rural Dist , Karnataka. Microbial Quality Analysis of Locally Available Herbal Products Studies on Amylase Production from Aspergillus Oryzae by Solid-State Fermentation Effect of Use Of Different Low Calorie Intense Sweeteners and Overall Quality of Yoghurt, Bioyoghurt and Probiotic Mishti Dahi. Comparative Study of Anti-Oxidant and Anti-Diabetic Activity of Kigelia Pinnata Biosorption of Zinc by Heavy Metal Resistant Fungi Isolated from Bellandur Lake Alternative Method of Extraction of Eugenol from Syzygium Aromaticum and its Applications In-Vitro and In-Situ Studies on Microbial Detoxication of Plastic Waste from the Dumping Sites of Bangalore City Comparative Evaluation of Three Medicinal Plants for Antibacterial Activity against Important Species Of Bacteria. Hydroxyl Radical Scavenging and 1, 1-Diphenyl-2-Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) Radical Scavenging Activity Of Psoralea Corylifolia L . Production of Biodiesel from Microalgae, Edible and Non-Edible Oils Effect of Culture Filtrate of Trichoderma Species against Important Seed Borne Fungal Pathogens of Paddy Solid Waste Treatment and its Conversion to an Eco-Friendly Product by Effective Microorganism (EM) Technology Study on the Effect of Salon Wastes on Human Health and a Novel Way to Utilize the Waste Hairs Antibacterial Studies Of Caesalpinia Bonducella Seed Extracts

The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology”

PP-LS-32

ELISA- Best Advanced Handy Detection Test of Picking the Specific Progesterone Metabolite in Fecal Samples of Wild Asian Elephants Effect of Aqueous and Solvent Extract of Piper Longum L. Root against Important Species of Bacteria Effect of Interaction of Soluble Starch and Stabilizer on the Growth Behaviour of Lactic Acid Bacteria Bactericidal, Fungicidal and Anthelmintic Activities of Alstonia Scholaris Bark Extracts Isolation, Purification and Characterization of Protease Novel Diagnostic Method for Tuberculosis Evaluation of Formononetin and Biochanin a as Selectiveestrogen Receptor Modulators (SERM) - Potential Implications in The Therapy of Post-Menopausal Osteoporosis Phenotypic and Molecular Evaluation of F 7 Tomato RIL’s for Extended Shelf Life Screening of Streptomyces Spp for Lipase Inhibitors Oral Pathogens in Hiv Infected Patients with Special Reference to Candida Protective Effects of Resveratrol against Β-Adrenergic Agonist Induced Myocardial Stress in Diabetic Rats Couroupita Guianensis Flower Extract (Nagalinga Pushpa): A Potential Natural Remedies for Dental Caries Isolation and Screening of Heavy Metal Resistant Bacteria Seroprevalence Survey of Rubella Infection Among Females of Reproducing Age (15-40) Years Atytending Rims, Ranchi Agro Waste As Source of Eco-Friendly Natural Dye For Silk

PP-LS-33

Antidermatophytic Properties of Turmeric Oil, and Curcuma longa Preparations

PP-LS-18 PP-LS-19 PP-LS-20 PP-LS-21 PP-LS-22 PP-LS-23 PP-LS-24

PP-LS-25 PP-LS-26 PP-LS-27 PP-LS-28 PP-LS-29 PP-LS-30 PP-LS-31

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology”

Oral presentation

The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” OP-LS-01 IMPACT OF CIGARETTE SMOKE ON HUMAN PERIPHERAL BLOOD LYMPHOCYTES – EFFECT OF ASCORBIC ACID SUPPLEMENTATION AND ITS IMMUNOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE Anupama Singh, Uthayasuriya, Anjali , Bhavya and Sreepriya M * *Department of Microbiology & Biotechnology Bangalore University, Bangalore – 560 056 ABSTRACT Cigarette smoking has been implicated as a predisposing factor in several human diseases including cardiovascular disease, malignancy and other inflammatory diseases of the airway and lungs. Smoking is also reported to suppress the immune responses leading to the increased susceptibility of smokers (both active and passive) to microbial infections. Antioxidant supplementation in vivo has been found to negate cigarette smoke(CS) – induced pathological and biochemical changes in animal models. The current study was designed to understand the effects of supplementation of the antioxidant ascorbic acid to prevent cigarette smoke-induced cytotoxicity and alterations in cell morphology. As lymphocytes are the principal mediators of immune response, human peripheral blood lymphocytes were used as the model systems in the study. Cell viability was evaluated by MTT assay and cell morphology by phase contrast microscopy analysis. Results indicated that exposure of human peripheral blood lymphocytes to cigarette smoke for about 7.5 seconds resulted in severe cellular damage and cytotoxicity. Pretreatment of the cells with ascorbic acid at a concentration of 10μg/ml considerably protected against CS-induced cytotoxicity. Also, it was observed that post treatment of the cells with 10μg/ml of ascorbic acid after CS exposure did not protect the lymphocytes against damage and a higher concentration of 30μg/ml and above was required to observe the protective effects. Results implicate the immunosuppressive effects of CS in vitro and the beneficial effects of ascorbic acid supplementation to combat CS-induced damage in human peripheral blood lymphocytes and thereby its role in boosting up the immunity of an individual. Key words: Cigarette smoke, lymphocytes, ascorbic acid, MTT assay, cytotoxicity

The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” OP-LS-02 PROTEIN PROFILE AND PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES FO HONEY Jyothi S. C., Akshatha Avadhani, Surendra N. S. Department of Biological Sciences, Bangalore University, Bangalore. ABSTRACT Honey is the yellow color liquid produced by honeybees from the nectar of blossoms, sucking insects living on parts of plants. When the nectar is passed from bee to bee before being stored in the cells of the hive, more secretions from the salivary and hypo-pharyngeal glands of foraging bees are added enabling the nectar to ripen into honey. Honey is a complex mixture and presents very great variation in composition and characteristics due to its production by different bee species during different seasons with different floral composition by differing harvesting and post harvesting techniques, all of which greatly influence the quality of honey. The genus Apis includes 7 recognized species of honey bees of which 4 are major groups & the other 3 are minor species. The major species include 2 hive bees’ namely A. mellifera & A. cerana. The widely available and commercially used honey is obtained from A. cerana. The present study reveals that there is a significant variation with respect to physicochemical properties such as pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), conductivity, density, viscosity, moisture content, optical density (OD), total carbohydrates, total reducing sugars, glucose % by mass, fructose % by mass, laevulose/ dextrose ratio, protein content, catalase activity, total phenolics, flavonoids, ascorbic acid, acid value and protein profile of unprocessed hive honey. This when compared with commercial/branded honey samples also showed the significant variations. These variations are due to biotic and abiotic factors. The degrees of variation between the raw and commercial honey is due to processing of honey. The quality of commercial honey can be maintained by improved processing technology and variations, which are seen among the raw honey. The T-test values with respect to the various raw honey samples were obtained from the beekeepers in different natural geographical regions of Karnataka. The sensory characteristics of the honey, of different regions of Karnataka are described together with physico-chemical and protein profiling analysis. However, this kind of studies are further required in various The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” other parts of the state, in specific and at large, the nation. This helps to understand the physico-chemical properties, protein profile and other parameters of honey needed for further understanding.

OP-LS-03 ANTI-INVASIVE, ANTI-ANGIOGENIC AND PRO-APOPTOTIC POTENTIAL OF EMBELIN AGAINST HUMAN COLON CARCINOMA CELL LINE- HT-29. Sumalatha.K.R and M.Sreepriya* *Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology Bangalore University, JnanaBharathi Campus Bangalore 560 056, Karnataka, India ABSTRACT Colon cancer is the third most common cancer in men and the second in women worldwide. Decades of expensive and replicating research studies have had little impact on primary prevention. Our previous findings demonstrated the growth inhibitory effects of embelin in human colon cancer cell line HT-29. In the present study, we aimed to further examine the potential of embelin in controlling angiogenesis and tumor cell invasiveness, proliferation and pro-apoptotic potential against invasive human colon adenocarcinoma cell line HT-29. A battery of relevant and powerful short term in vitro assays were conducted to check for the effects of embelin on cell proliferation (Sulphorhodamine B assay , BrdU incorporation test), Pro apoptotic effects (TUNEL assay, COMET assay, Annexin-FITC labeling and DNA fragmentation assay) anti-invasive effect (Boyden chamber assay and scratch assay) and angiogenesis ( in vitro angiogenesis assay). Influence of embelin on the expression of p53, Caspase 3 and 9, Bcl2, XIAP and TNF-α was investigated by reverse transcription PCR. A significant decrease in cell proliferation was observed on embelin treated HT-29 cells coupled with a drastic reduction in the number of capillary like structures formation on matrigel coated plates implicating the effect of embelin on cell migration and invasion. Increased number of comets, phosphatidyl serine externalization, increased expression of

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” p53, Caspase 3 and 9 with increased expression of Bcl2, XIAP and TNF-α was observed after treatment with embelin thereby confirming its proapoptotic effects. Conclusion: Embelin inhibits angiogenesis, cell invasion and proliferation. It was also observed that embelin is selectively cytotoxic on carcinoma cells as opposed to normal cells. This is hypothesized to be partly mediated by upregulation of the p53 signalling pathway and its inhibitory effects on XIAP. Current study supports its therapeutic use in the treatment of advanced and metastatic colon cancer. OP-LS-04 FABRICATION AND ANTIPSEUDOMONAL EVALUATION OF PLANT EXTRACT LOADED CHITOSAN SPONGES FOR PROSPECTIVE BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS Adheena K.S 1, Ibrahim V 1, Asha ninan 1, Jayachandran V.P 2 1. PG Department of microbiology, The Oxford College of Science. 2. Pushpagiri Research Centre, Pushpagiri Institute of Medical Sciences, Tiruvalla ABSTRACT Chitosan (CH) is a natural mucopolysaccharide of marine origin consists of a linear (1-4) linked 2-amino-2-deoxy-D glucan, can be chemically prepared from naturally occurring chitin by treatment with alkali at elevated temperature. CH is non-toxic, biodegradable and biocompatible polymer possessing antibacterial, heavy metal adsorption, antioxidation and film forming properties. The cationic properties of CH offer the added advantage of electrostatic interactions with other anionic polysaccharides. It complex with negatively charged moieties such as sodium carboxymethylcellulose, citrates, pectin, acacia, agar, sodium caprylate, stearic acid, gluteraldehyde, sodium tri-polyphosphate, lactic acid, malic acid and alginic acid. In addition CH acts as a penetration enhancer by opening the tight epithelial junctions and this property of CH underlines the futuristic applications in protein and vaccine delivery. The prime objective of this study is the development and characterization of CH sponge loaded with plant extracts as well as the evaluation of the antibacterial potential. Various Sponges were prepared by dissolving CH in (2%) acetic acid with different The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” concentrations of CH (4% 6% 10%). On freeze drying, using more concentrated CH enhanced pore density of the sponge. The sponge prepared was cross-linked with sodium triphosphate solution and the morphology of CH sponges were characterized under a scanning electron microscope (SEM).

The sponges were loaded with selected plant

extracts to study its antibacterial activity. The water sorption capacity was checked by weighing the CH sponge (W1) and then immersed in phosphate buffer (pH 7.4; immersion medium), sponge remnants were wiped off excess surface water using filer paper and weighed (W2) at different time intervals. The immersed sponges were dried at 60°C for 24h and kept in a desiccator for 48h prior to reweigh (W3). The water sorption was calculated using the following formula: %water sorption = (W2-W3)/W3x100. Aqueous extract of Punica granatum, was prepared using decoction method and on filteration, centrifugation the extract was dried using vacuum evaporator to obtain a residue of crude extract. The sustainable antibacterial activity of drug loaded sponge was assessed using agar diffusion method. Sustainable antibacterial activity of developed sponge was evident against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and can be utilized as a therapeutic strategy against bone infections after clinical trials. Key Words: Multiple drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MDR PA), Punica granatum, CH-chitosan, SEM, FT-IR analysis.

OP-LS-05 ETIOLOGY OF ORGANISMS IN ICU IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL AND ITS ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY PROFILE Ahuti Debasmita, Amrita Raj, Basim Sufi, Prajeesh P Department of Microbiology, The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore-560102 ABSTRACT Medical microbiology is the study of the interactions between animals (primarily humans) and microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. Although the primary interest is in diseases caused by these interactions, it must also be appreciated that microorganisms play a critical role in human survival. The microbial flora in and on the The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” human body is in a continual state of flux determined by a variety of factors, such as age, diet, hormonal state, health, and personal hygiene. An understanding of medical microbiology requires knowledge not only of the different classes of microbes but also of their propensity for causing disease. Nosocomial infection is defined as an infection which develops 48 hours after hospital admission or within 48 hours after being discharged. The objectives were to assess the frequency of nosocomial infection in patients admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) and to determine the etiological factors in such patients. Bacteria were isolated from most of the samples. Relevant samples from patients suspected to have infection were cultured and sensitivity testing was performed according to standard procedures. Members of the family Enterobacteriaceae are among the most important bacterial human pathogens accounting for the majority of bacteria isolated from clinical sample. The most frequent site of infection was respiratory tract (23%) and urinary tract (23%). Pseudomonas (P.), Klebsiella (K.), Escherichia (E.) coli, Acinetobacter and Candida spp. were the commonest organisms. The isolation rate of Gram-positive bacteria was relatively low. Majority (> 50%) of the Gram-negative isolates were resistant to many of the antibiotics tested. Relatively low resistance was only observed against Tobramycin. Majority of Gram-negative isolates were resistant to Ceftizoxime and Ciprofloxacin. The high frequency of HAIs and antibiotic resistance rate, suggests that more strict infection control practices along with prescription of antibiotics after antibiotic susceptibility testing should be implemented to limit the emergence of antibiotic resistant organisms. Patients admitted in intensive care unit are at more risk of acquiring nosocomial infection from different sources. It is suggested that proper nursing care, sterilization and disinfection of instruments and equipment and careful handling of invasive procedures are the best tool to control these life threatening infections.

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” OP-LS-06 BIOPROSPECTING FOR ENZYME PRODUCING ATTRIBUTES OF GUT MICROBIOTA OF RHINOCEROS BEETLE (Oryctes rhinoceros) Dr. R. Rangeshwaran, Akshatha Avadhani1, Frenita Maria Lewis and Ashwitha K National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Insects (ICAR), P.B.No. 2491, H A Farm Post, Bellary Road, Hebbal, Bangalore 560024 1Department

of Biological Sciences, Bangalore University, Bangalore ABSTRACT

The current study aimed to isolate amylolytic and cellulolytic bacteria associated with the gut of Oryctes rhinoceros. These insects are major pests of coconut, oil and other palms but they contribute to important ecological functions such as nutrient cycling. Freshly cultured larvae of Oryctes rhinoceros were used to isolate and identify the micro organisms associated with them. The microbes were cultured from the gut of the samples on nutrient agar. Total of 9 bacterial colonies were isolated. DNA was extracted and nearly full-length bacterial 16S rDNA fragments were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from each representative bacterial isolates. The PCR products were sequenced, and the sequences were aligned against those sequences found in the NCBI database using the BLAST (Basic Local Alignment and Search Tool) algorithm. The analysis revealed that the gut of larvae Oryctes rhinoceros contain a complex gut microbiota including Lysinibacillus sphaericus, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquifaciens, Bacillus megeterium, Bacillus methylotrophicus, Bacillus altitudinus, Bacillus tequilensis, Staphlococcus saprophyticus. To determine

amylolytic

and

cellulolytic

activity,

starch

agar

medium

and

carboxymethylcellulose(CMC) medium were used respectively. The activity was indicated based on intensity of clear zone formation in the media. The results showed that B. amyloliquifaciens had the widest clear zone formation in starch agar medium and CMC medium indicating highest amylase and cellulolytic activity. Significance of this study revealed occurrence of microflora in the gut of Oryctes rhinoceros which could suggest a

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” symbiotic relationship. The data could be used to explain the ability of larval scarabs to feed on recalcitrant organic matter and exploiting those microbes for industrial purpose. Key words: Oryctes rhinoceros, 16S rDNA, gut microbiota, amylase, cellulase. OP-LS-07

SCREENING, OPTIMIZATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF POLY HYDROXY ALKANOATES (PHA) PRODUCED FROM MICROBIAL ISOLATES Amrita Raj, Ibrahim V, Monica Devi, Sekar K V, Yogesh B J, Bharathi S Department of Microbiology, The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka. Corresponding Mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are polyesters of hydroxyalkanoates synthesized by various bacteria as intracellular carbon and energy storage compounds and accumulated as granules in the cytoplasm of cells. PHA producing bacteria from activated sludge and soil were isolated, characterized and screened by Sudan Black staining method. All the potential PHA producers were isolated, out of which two of Bacillussp and one of Pseudomonas sp and it was confirmed by their morphological and biochemical characters. PHA was extracted directly with solvent chloroform and estimated spectrophotometrically. Optimization of PHA accumulation was carried out at deifferent temperature. The strain PHA-1 showed higher amount of PHA accumulation when compared to the other strainsi.e. 52 mg/ml. The world wide dependence on petroleum by products for the manufacturing of plastics, scarcity of space for disposal and growing environmental concerns over non biodegradable synthetic plastics have fuelled research towards development of eco friendly biopolymer material. Hence, attention has been laid on production of Polyhydroxybutyrate, one of the most extensively studied PHA, is an intracellular microbial thermo plastic that is widely produced by bacteria present in soil. Keywords: Poly hydroxy alkanoates, Sudan Black Staining, Granules.

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” OP-LS-08 EVALUATION OF ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF A POLY HERBAL FORMULATION K.S.Dayananda1. S.M.Gopinath1 Ismail Sharief.M1. Jagan Mohanreddy.P1 And Aparna Gopal2 1Department of Biotechnology Engineering Acharya Institute of Technology Bangalore560107 2Post graduate student ,Department of Microbiology East west first grade college Bangalore ABSTRACT Medicinal plants cure many diseases associated with inflammation like cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancer and rheumatoid arthritis. In recent years, natural compounds such as phenolic acids, flavonoids, triterpenes and alkaloids present in various plants, act as potential anti diabetic and anti-inflammatory agents. The main difficulties in using natural products as a source for pharmaceutical lead compounds involve separating the compounds from the crude extracts. In search for novel anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic plants are still intensifying. This study, confirms different plant species revealing anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic capabilities along with their other medicinal activities. Peripheral inflammation involves an increase in cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)-mediated prostaglandin (PG) synthesis in the central nervous system (CNS), which contributes to allodynia and hyperalgesia. In the present study we have determined the changes in prostanoid tissue levels and in expression of terminal prostanoid synthases in both the CNS and inflamed peripheral tissue during carrageenan-induced paw inflammation in the rat. Prostanoid levels were measured by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and enzyme expression at the RNA level by quantitative PCR analysis during both the early (1-6 h) and late (12 and 24 h) phases of the inflammatory response. In the paw, the early phase was associated with increases in PGE2 and thromboxane (TX)B2 levels and with a peak of COX-2 expression that preceded that of microsomal prostaglandin-E2 synthase-1 (mPGES1). COX-2 and mPGES-1 remained elevated during the late phase, and PGE 2 continued to further increase through 24 h.. The results show that the carrageenan-induced edema in the paw elicits an early phase of COX-2 induction in the CNS leading to an increase The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” synthesis in PGD2, 6-keto-PGF1α, and TXB2 in addition to the major PGE2 response. The data also indicate that the up-regulation of mPGES-1 contributes to COX-2-mediated PGE2 production in the CNS during peripheral inflammation Key Words: cyclooxygenase-2, carrageenan, thromboxane, Quantitative PCR. OP-LS-09 PRODUCTION AND OPTIMIZATION OF CELLULASE ENZYME BY Aspergillus niger USING PINEAPPLE PEEL AS SUBSTRATE Abdul Nayeem, Atul Chandra, Ganesha R, Dhondup Namgyal, and Kiran Kumar S P.G. Department of Biotechnology, The Oxford College of Science, HSR Layout, Bangalore. ABSTRACT The bioconversion of agro-waste based lignocellulosic material to energy has gained much interest during the recent past. The enzymatic degradation of waste cellulose by fungal enzymes has been suggested as a feasible alternative for the conversion of lignocellulosic material into fermentable sugars and ethanol. Cellulose is the principal constituent of the cell wall of most terrestrial plants. Despite a worldwide and enormous utilization of natural cellulosic sources, there are still abundant quantities of cellulose-containing raw materials and waste products that are not exploited or which could be used more efficiently. Pineapple is a tropical plant and fruit. Its scientific name is Ananas comosus and it belongs to the family Bromeliaceae. The agro-waste can be effectively utilized for the production and characterization of cellulases by Aspergillus niger on pineapple agro-waste . Cellulase production from cellulosic pineapple waste using Aspergillus niger was assessed. The pineapple peel waste were dried, pre-treated with alkali and re-dried and then blended. The powdered waste was then used as substrate in separate shake flask which contain mineral salt medium MSM and inoculi of Aspergillus Niger. Fermentation were carried out in flask containing the MSM (Mineral Salt Medium), the waste substrate and the inoculumn at pH 5.0, 1% substrate concentration, 10% inoculum size (1 ml) and cultured on a rotary shaker (250 rpm) at 29±1˚C initially for 5 days to verify cellulase production by the organism from the waste substrate, the for 7 days, while varying different fermentation The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” parameters. Cellulase activity and amount of glucose produced by the test organism’s i.e from the waste substrate were determined and compared. The amount of glucose produced was optimized by varying the fermentation parameters: Time, pH, Substrate concentration, Inoculum size and Temperature. The studies showed that 5gm substrate at 8th day of fermentation has higher specific activity of the enzyme and for pH, the optimum is pH 6 on 6 th day, inoculums size is 5ml and temperature is 45˚C. Though the present study is a small scale process, yet by using the optimum parameters, it revealed that the following study can help to enhance the production of cellulase. The study revealed that pineapple peel which is an examples of domestic and industrial agro-waste , produce large amounts of cellulase enzyme when hydrolysed by cellulolytic microorganisms and instead of being left behind for natural degradation can be utilized efficiently under the above mentioned conditions to produce enhanced amount of cellulase which has massive role in various industries. OP-LS-10 BIOREMEDIATION OF COPPER AND ZINC FROM AUTOMOBILE EFFLUENTS BY USING FUNGAL FLORA B.K.Chikkaswamy and Rabin Chandra paramanik and Prasad M.P Department of Biotechnology, SRN Adarsh College of Science 5th Main, Chamarajpet, Bangalore-560018 Sigma BioScience Research center, 2 nd stasge, Indiranagar, Bangalore-38 ABSTRACT The present work was carried out to study the physico-chemical nature of a autobmobile industry treated and untreated effluent and also to identify the fungi in the samples. For bioremediation studies, live selected fungal mats and dead powdered fungal mycelia materials were used for biosorption of copper and zinc contents which revealed there was a significant absorption of these contents. The results indicated that the dead pretreated biomass of A. niger reduced copper content in solution by 72.66% followed by the dead biomass which resulted in 44.86% reduction. Similarly, the dead biomass of P. ochrochloron and other species reduced copper content in solution by 48.88% followed by The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” the dead pretreated biomass which resulted in 41.4% reduction. The same results were obtained in the reduction of zinc content also. The effect of pollutants from diffuse sources from various industries can be hazardous since most of them contain extremely high levels of suspended solids, dissolved salts, particulate putrescible organic matter and high pH. The analysis of treated and untreated effluents from autobmobile industries in Bangalore , Karnataka has revealed varied amounts of chemical substances over various durations. The untreated effluent recorded a higher BOD and COD levels at all duration when compared to the treated effluent. Further the microflora studied in the untreated effluent recorded the presence of variety of fungi than in the treated effluent samples. OP-LS-11 BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES DURING ALUMINIUM STRESS IN Amaranthus tricolor L.

2

Bhanuprakash KS1, Sumit Jha2, Neeraj Jha2, Moumita Sardar2, Harika.A2, Devika Mohan2, Prakash Bapodara2, Sangita Roy* 1 Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka. th M.Sc. IV semester Student, Department of Biochemistry, The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka. * Corresponding author: [email protected]

ABSTRACT Environmental contamination of soil by trace metals is a serious problem worldwide due to their accumulation in food chain. Many plant species are sensitive to micro molar concentration of aluminum (Al) when present in acidic soil and it is one of the potential toxic metal for human health. Al induces the oxidative damage in the plants during accumulation. Plants exhibit some defence mechanism to overcome the stress due to metal exposure through their antioxidants. In this study, the effect of Al stress on growth and other related antioxidants and scavenging enzymes were investigated in Amaranthus tricolor L. Al induced growth retardation observed more in roots compared to shoots. The antioxidants and enzymes exhibited initial increase and subsequent decrease in response to Al stress. Accumulation of Al has found predominantly in root compared to shoot. Key Word: Amaranthus tricolor, Aluminum, Antioxidants, Scavenging enzymes The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” OP-LS-12

IN-VITRO AND IN-SITU STUDIES ON MICROBIAL DETOXICATION OF PLASTIC WASTE FROM THE DUMPING SITES OF BANGALORE CITY Hima CS, Hitha CS, Deepthi Arun Varier and Bharathi S Department of Microbiology, The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore – 560102 Corresponding E-mail ID – [email protected] Plastics are synthetic substances produced by chemical reactions. The issue of plastic waste management is a complex process and there is no simple solution for reducing this waste. Plastic causes serious damage to the environment, both during its production and disposal. Biodegradation of plastic waste using microbial strain could offer a solution to this problem. Microorganisms have been a good resource for solution to this problem due to their diverse metabolic capability, adaptability to different environment and possibility of isolation using artificial growth media for utilization in situ. In the present study, potent microbial strains degrading plastics constituting poly vinyl chloride (PVC) and low density poly ethylene (LDPE) were isolated using soil burial technique. To increase the chances of isolating such strains which could have adapted to metabolize plastic constituting polymers, samples were collected from Mavalipura dumpsite, Bangalore that was rich in plastic waste. At the end of the study, Kingellasp.,Actinomycessp,,Alkaligens sp.,Methylobacillussp.was identified. The microbial species associated with PVC were Kingella sp., Actinomyces sp. and LDPE were Alcaligens sp., Methylo bacillus sp.The biodegradation of the respective plastics was analyzed for after 2 months, 3 months and 4 months of incubation in invitro condition. The degradation was obtained as 2% weight loss for PVC sample and 6% weight loss for LDPE after 2 months, 10% weight loss for PVC and 15% weight loss for LDPE after 3 months, 21.3% weight loss for PVC and 26.1% weight loss for LDPE after 4 months. Optimization methods were employed to monitor different parameters like pH, temperature and concentration of plastics for the increased biodegradation of the respective plastics. Optimum pH was found to pH 7, temperature was found to be 37°C and plastic concentration was found to be The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” 0.50% for both bacterial and fungal isolates identified. The soil sample analyzed for the Micronutrients, Macronutrients &also heavy metals. The soil sample collected was alkaline . The electrical conductivity was found to be ideal. Organic matter was deficient. Phosphorous was also found deficient. Potash level was found ideal. Iron content was high .Manganese, Zinc and Copper level also found high. Secondary Nutrient and heavy metal also found low.The Chromosomal DNA isolated from the bacterial isolates and Plasmid DNA isolation also done and plasmid DNA were isolated from Methylobacillus sp. and Alcaligens sp. confirmed the degradation capacity reside in the Plasmid DNA in these two isolates and no plasmid were isolated from Kingella sp. and Actinomyces sp. and confirmed the degrading gene is located in the chromosomal DNA. The degrading ability of microbial strains was evaluated by performing colonization studies and sturm test analysis. Colonization studies on plastic film was performed over a period of one month by measuring the optical density of the microbial culture. Plastic degradation by the microbial strains was further evaluated by measuring the CO 2 evolved which was calculated volumetrically by sturm test. The isolated bacterial strains showed a promising degradation pattern as analysed by the above mentioned methods. Keywords: Biodegradation, LDPE and PVC, Sturm test, Plastics. OP-LS-13 MICROBIAL UTILIZATION OF DIARY WASTE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF VALUE ADDED PRODUCT – LACTIC ACID Hitha CS, Hima CS, Sekar KV and Bharathi S Department of Microbiology, The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore – 560102 Corresponding E-mail ID – [email protected] ABSTRACT Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB), which are considered to be the most useful microorganisms to society, are involved in the manufacture of thousands of fermented foods. They are also beneficial in flavouring foods, inhibiting pathogenic as well as spoilage bacteria in these products.The aim of this study was to isolate LAB and optimization of lactic acid production using whey as carbon source from immobilized Lactic acid bacteria. Lactic acid can be The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” produced by either microbial fermentation or chemical synthesis. The widely used choice substrates for lactic acid fermentation are refined sugars, which are inexpensive.Lactic acid can also be produced from abundantly available cheaper substrate, such as whey. The lactic acid bacteria were isolated from various sources such as curd, idle dough, pickles and yoghurt.The identification tests were performed based on their morphological characteristics and biochemical reactions.Four potential isolates were screenedout for the production of lactic acid. Immobilized cells of LAB isolated from curd (LAB-C) was found to produce of maximu amount of Lactic acid (127.8 g/L) followed by LAB isolated from pickle (118.8 g/L), yoghurt (92.8 g/L) and idle dough (68.0 g/L). This study focuses on the production of lactic acid from whey by LAB. Whey is a by product of dairy industry which contains lactose. Maximum lactose conversion to lactic acid was observed with immobilized cells compared to free cells. Key Words: Lactic Acid Bacteria, Fermentation, Fermented Foods, Immobilization.

OP-LS-14 BIOFABRICATION OF ZINC OXIDE NANOPARTICLES USING Macrophomina phaseolina AND ITS ANTIMICROBIAL POTENTIAL Lakshmeesha T. R1., Priyadarshini K1., Sumanth B1., Nalini Y. S1., Rashmi T. N1., Vedashree S1., Shafi sofi Mohammed1 and Sateesh M. K1*, Nagabhushana H2. 1Molecular

Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Microbiology & Biotechnology, Jnana Bharati Campus, Bangalore University, Bengaluru -560056, India. 2Prof. C.N.R. Rao Centre for Advanced Materials, Tumkur University, Tumkur-572 103, India. ABSTRACT

In the present work Zinc Oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were successfully synthesized using Macrophomina phaseolina by low temperature combustion method at 400 0C. Zinc nitrate hexahydrate (Zn (NO3)2.6H2O) was used as a precursor material. The optical properties of the samples were investigated by UV/vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy. The structural characteristics were determined by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Powder X-ray diffraction (P XRD). TEM image shows agreement with the PXRD data and indicates that the average size of the synthesized nanoparticles were 30 to 50 nm. Using molecular techniques Macrophomina phaseolina and Cladosporium cladosporioides The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” were identified. Experiment was conducted to determine the antibaercterial activity by broth microplate dilution method using 96-well plates against Staphylococcus aureus (MTCC 96), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MTCC 429), Escherichia coli (MTCC 443) and Bacillus cereus (MTCC 432). Subsequently, the antifungal activity was evaluated against soybean seed-borne fungi Cladosporium cladosporioides by food-poison method. The antimicrobial activity was found to be enhanced with the increase in concentration of ZnO NPs in dose dependent manner. Keywords: ZnO NPs, Macrophomina phaseolina. Cladosporium cladosporioides, molecular identification.

OP-LS-15 VALIDATION OF TEST METHODS IN MICROBIOLOGY IN A NEURO CARE CENTRE Latha.G, Nishitha, Sahana.A.V, Sonhita Chel and Ravikumar.R Department of Microbiology, The Oxford College of Science,Bangalore-560102 Corresponding email id:[email protected] ABSTRACT Validation is the cognitive process of establishing a valid proof. It can also be called as confirmation or corroboration or the declaration of validity. The process mainly includes confirmation of reality by comparision .The present study was designed to compare fully automated methods in Microbiology for its efficiency in rapid and accurate identification and to determine the percentage of error seen in conventional methods in National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences(Department of Neuromicrobiology). The study consisted of the following samples: Blood(8),Urine(7),Tracheal secretion(9), Sputum(4), Stool(2), Pus(3), Wound swab(3), Nasal(1), Shunt Tip(2) and 8 other samples. The various tests included in the study were Gram Staining, Culturing, Identification of Microorganisms and its Antibiotic Sensitivity Test, Detection of pathogens in blood samples, Detection of M.tuberculosis. The automated instruments used in the study was Previ Color Gram, Previ isola, MGIT, BacT/Alert , Vitek 2C60. From the validation done during the period of two months, 50 different samples were obtained from patients with different clinical diagnosis and results of various test methods in Microbiology were analysed and validated. It was observed that automated methods The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” were much better than conventional methods in giving rapid and more reliable results. Since both the methods had their own advantage and disadvantage we conclude that automation was used in tandem to obtain accurate result and to increase the probability of isolation and identification of bacteria in order to diagnose clinical samples.

OP-LS-16 ACTINOMYCETES PRODUCING MULTIPLE ENZYMES FROM WESTERN GHAT SOIL Mamatha B Salimath 1, Soumya. S. Rao, Apoorva. M, R. Onkarappa2. P.G. Department of Microbiology, Dr. C.D.Sagar Research Center for Life Sciences, Dayananda Sagar Institutions, Kumar Swamy Layout, Bangalore-560078. P.G. Department of Studies and Research in Microbiology, Sahyadri Science College (Autonomous), Kuvempu University, Shivamogga-577203 ABSTRACT Actinomycetes are gram positive bacteria characterized by characterized by the formation of substrate and aerial mycelium on solid media, presence of spores and a high GC content of the DNA (60-70 mol %). In nature, biodegradation by actinomycetes plays an extremely useful role in waste removal and is an integral part of recycling of materials in nature. Actinomycetes decompose many substrates found in soil and act as scavenger which explains its potential to use diverse substrates by producing specific enzymes. 20 different Actinomycetes were isolated from the soil of Western Ghats. They were tested to produce enzymes such as cellulase, amylase, gelatinase, L-Asparginase, Pectinase, lecithinase, lipase, lysine decarboxylase, oxidase, catalase, caseinase. The specific substrates were given as the sole carbon source in respective medium. The utilization of substrates by the Actinomycetes isolates was tested using a simple sensitive agar plate with specific media. The positive result was shown by the presence of zones and the specific color produced by the colonies of isolates. It was found that Actinomycetes utilized almost all of the substrates. Maximum results were found in the utilization of cellulose, starch, casein, lipids, and gelatin. More than half of the isolates were able to utilize lysine, egg yolk and showed positive result. Very few isolates produced specific enzymes to utilize L-aspargine and pectin. The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” Among isolates, V4 produced 10 enzymes except for L-asparginase. Isolates V1, V2, V3, V5, V7, V11, V21; V22 produced 7-8 enzymes. These isolates can be used as a source of multiple enzymes. The results prove that Actinomycetes isolates were diverse. They are a source of industrially important enzymes for biodegradation of plant material, clearing of oil spills, treatment of cancer, clarification of juices etc.

OP-LS-17 ANTI-CANCER ACTIVITY OF METHANOL EXTRACTS OF THE LATEX OF Michelia champaca AND Calotropis gigantea using HUMAN BREAST CANCER CELL LINE ZR-751 AND HUMAN LEUKEMIA CELL LINE HL60 Mehul Patel2, Vinit Rambhia1, Savan Savaliya2, Sam Balu1. 1 Biotechnology Finishing School, The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore 560102. 2 Department of Biotechnology, The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore 560102. Corresponding Author: [email protected] ABSTRACT Cancer is the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in the body. Leukemia is a type of fluid cancer while Breast cancer is one of the most commonly found solid tumour. Even though pharmacological industries have produced a number of new drugs in the last few decades against cancer, the requirement of a high potency compound still exists. Latex is a complex emulsion consisting of proteins, alkaloids, sugars, oils, tannins, resins and gums. It serves mainly as defense mechanism in plants. Anticancer activities of various extracts of the medicinal plants have been widely demonstrated and are mainly associated with the presence of different bioactive polysaccharides and tri-terpenoids. In the current study, we have evaluated and compared in vitro the antitumor effects of methanol extract of the latex of local plants against Human Breast Cancer Cell Line Zr-75-1 and Human Leukemia Cell Line HL60. Experiments were carried out using various concentration of the compound ranging from 10µg/ml to 80µg/ml. LC50, TGI and GI50 values were determined from the observations and statistical calculations. SRB assay was employed to detect the cell growth after the effect of the extracts. Adriamycin (Doxorubicin) was used as the positive control.

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” Results showed significant GI50 value below 10µg/ml for both the plants in comparison to Adriamycin. Keywords: Breast Cancer, leukemia, Calotropis gigantea, Michelia champaca, GI50, Adriamycin. OP-LS-18 PROPHAGE MEDIATED SERO-DIVERGENCE IN SALMONELLA SPECIES Nancy Khess, Priyanka Bokade, Sangita Thounaojam, Sridhar J*, Sekar K V, Bharathi S Department of Microbiology, The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka. *Faculty, NRCBS, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamilnadu. Corresponding mail ID: [email protected] ABSTRACT Till date 45 Salmonella genomes have been sequenced completely. The objective of our study is to analyse the prophage region, its annotated features, their role in virulence and host specificity in all these genomes. Over extensive studies these Prophages were found in mediating serovar based divergence in Salmonella species. After computational analysis of the Prophages, our study revealed that prophage regions are present along with Salmonella genome which were found to encode structural proteins as well as other proteins which contributes to Salmonella pathogenicity. Through computational analysis 52 nonredundant prophages like regions, among them some prophage elements like Gifsy_2, Entero_2 etc were found at multiple locus within Salmonella genome. Out of fifty two, 20 were serovar specific and 22 were found to be strain specific Prophages. 5 Prophages like entero_ES18, Salmon_1, Yersin_413C, Salmon_SPN3UB and Stx2_c_1717 were found to encode host specific proteins. Genomic constructions in Salmonella serovars and their distinct pathogenic features make them excellent models for studies of Salmonella host adaptation and pathogenic divergence.The Prophages which were not revealed in the earlier

studies

examples

Phage_Escher_HK639,

PHAGE_Yersin_413C

and

PHAGE_Pseudo_F116 were observed during our study. These are the Phages derived from different bacterial species and upon infection to salmonellaleads to divergence in its serovars.S. enterica split from S. bongori as S. enterica encodes two complete type III The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” secretion systems encoded by SPI-1 (T3SS-1) and SPI-2 (T3SS- 2) whereas S. bongorilacks SPI-2, which is required for optimal replication within macrophages Several characteristics of S. bongori suggest that this species may, in evolutionary terms, lie somewhere between E. coli and S. enterica. Similarly 2 unique prophages, entero_ES18 and ST64T of Salmonella strains can sometimes leads to sero-divergence. On Blast analysis we found that they are homologous to prophage entero_P22. OP-LS-19 A FIELD STUDY ON COMPLEX INHERITANCE PATTERN OF DIABETES MELLITUS Mrs Pavana Kamath, Athulya Mohan, Gayatri R.Iyer, Manasa Mahadevprasad, Chitra Nambidi, Naveen V, Nijitha K, Aishwarya Panicker, Bushnin Patel, Shruthi R. Department of Genetics, The Oxford of College of Science. HSR Layout, Bangalore 560 102 ABSTRACT Urban and stressful standard of living can make us susceptible to a number of lifestyle related disorders. India has more diabetics than any other country in the world, according to the International Diabetes Foundation. The disease affects more than 62 million Indians, which is more than 7.1% of India's Adult Population. An estimate shows that nearly 1 million Indians die due to Diabetes every year. The average age on onset is 42.5 years. The high incidence is attributed to a combination of genetic susceptibility plus adoption of a high-calorie, low-activity lifestyle by India's growing middle class. The Part 1 study conducted in the year 2013 revealed that incidence of diseases like diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disorders and arthritis is more prominent in urban population than in rural masses. A Part 2 study was conducted in the year 2014 to highlight on the link between the genetic and the lifestyle component in these diseases. Aspects such as stress levels, alcoholism and fitness were taken into consideration. The only chosen subjects were cases with familial diabetic history and the additional health complications they suffer were noted. It was seen that the genetic predisposition with modern lifestyle reduces the age of onset of the diseases in subsequent generations – a phenomenon termed as Genetic Anticipation. Keywords – Diabetes, Genetic susceptibility, Lifestyle disorders.

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” OP-LS-20

COMPARATIVE MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT SPECIES OF TERMITES (ISOPTERA) FROM BANGALORE Pranesh M. K1 and Harini B. P2 1Centre for Applied Genetics 2Department of Zoology, Bangalore University, Bangalore-560 056, Karnataka, India ABSTRACT Morphological study of termites is the most neglected criteria for assessing variation. In this study 33 samples were collected from different localities of Bangalore which revealed five widely distributed species Odontotermes ceylonicus (Wasmann), O. horni (Wasmann), O. obesus (Rambur), O. redemanni (Wasmann) and Trinervitermes biformis (Wasmann). The morphological data was subjected to different modes of statistical analysis. Manhattan distance was constructed by coding mean values of different traits among the studied populations. The Manhatten distance was compared with the dendrogram obtained by coding Tukey-Kramer test (post hoc test) results from McQuitty distance. According to Manhattan distance the similarity between the populations of the species was as expected. In this analysis O. redemanni and O. obesus shows 100% similarity because the traits by which the species are distinguished are not considered. The reason behind this is that not all the species in this study contains mandible and left madibular tooth. The Tukey-Kramer analysis O. redemanni and O. obesus show 50.31% of similarity which is an actual indication of correlation coefficient. The correlation coefficient values were significant enough even though the traits distinguishing the species were not considered. Due this reason for the present study involving post-hoc test followed by correlation coefficient distance method served more accurate results than Manhattan distance using the coded mean values.

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” OP-LS-21 STUDIES ON LOW COST MEDIUM IN PRODUCTION OF Chlorella Species USING COW URINE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF BIO-DIESEL Prasad .M.P Sangenomics Research Lab, K.R.Colony, Domlur Layout, Bangalore 560071, India. * Corresponding Author: E Mail- [email protected]; Ph.: 9844357929 ABSTRACT Microalgae are seen as an alternative and renewable feedstock for bio-diesel production. The present work aims to study the growth of unicellular green algae Chlorella (C. vulgaris, C. sorokiniana, C. heliozoae, C. lobophora and Chlorella pyrenoidosa) comparing Fogg’s medium and cow’s urine as a low cost medium. Maximum biomass production was achieved using 7.5% cow urine as the growth enhanced more than double in comparison to normal Fogg's medium. The pH of both the medium was found to be between 7-8 which is found to be favorable for Chlorella growth. Various parameters such as lipid, protein and carbohydrate content was determined quantitatively and compared with normal grown cells. The lipid content was found to be 34.7 % when 10 % of cow urine was used and 22.7% for 7.5% of cow urine used, which is found to be much higher than the Chlorella sp. grown under normal Fogg’s media (7%). The protein content was also enhanced when cow urine was used to grow the algal cells (50.17%) in comparison to normal grown cells (38.24%). Carbohydrate content was reduced approximately to half in cow urine medium. The fatty acids produced were also shown to differ in its composition when characterized by GC-MS. The study confirms the use of Cow’s waste (cow urine) that is a rich source of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and other micronutrients as a favorable medium for cultivation of microalgae and bio-diesel production. Keywords: C. vulgaris, C. sorokiniana, C. heliozoae, C. lobophora and Chlorella pyrenoidosa, bio-diesel, cow waste, lipid content,

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” OP-LS-22 ANTIQUORUM SENSING ACTIVITY OF QUERCETIN AGAINST MULTIDRUG RESISTANT Pseudomonas aeruginosa Prity Lata., Joy Hoskeri H* and Mamatha J.* P.G. Department of Biotechnology, The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore 560102, Karnataka, India. E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] *Corresponding author: [email protected] ABSTRACT Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a gram negative bacterium whose preferred mechanism of metabolism is respiration. Thus it uses animals as host and its versatility enables it to infect damaged tissues or even human with reduced immunity. P. aeruginosa are much more complicated and can be life-threatening. Hence there is an immediate need for an efficient drug or agent that can act as a magic bullet for the treatment of MDR P. aeruginosa infections. Quercetin is a flavonoid it is found in fruits, vegetables, leaves and grains. So far there are no reports available on antiquorum sensing activity of Quercetin. Hence in the present investigation, we made an efficient attempt in evaluating the antiquorum sensing property of quercetin against MDR P. aeruginosa in a dose dependent manner. Antiquorum sensing activity of quercetin was studied by minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) assay, swarming motility assay, flask incubation assay, and agar well diffusion assay. MIC assay revealed that at160 µg/mL showed singnificant activitiy against MDR P. aeruginosa. Agar well diffusion method also supported the results of MIC assay by showing 16 mm zone of inhibition at same concentration. Swarming motility assay and flask incubation assay where in corroboration with MIC assay and agar well diffusion assay indicating that quercetin posseses potential antiquorum sensing activity against MDR P. aeruginosa. This investigation reveals that quercetin is a strong antiquorum sensing agent against P. aeruginaosa. Future investigation needs to be carried out to evaluate this property using in vivo models. Key Words: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Quercetin, Multiple drugs Resistance (MDR), Minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) and Antiquorum sensing.

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” OP-LS-23 ISOLATION OF OIL DEGRADING MICROORGANISMS FROM SOIL SAMPLE COLLECTED FROM OIL SPILLED AREAS OF GARAGES. Raji Sukumar,Gayatri R.Iyer,Athulya Mohan,NijithaK., Naveen V. and Bushnin Patel. Department of Genetics,The Oxford college of Science,H.S.R. Layout, Bangalore ABSTRACT Oil spills have been recognized as one of the most serious current problem particularly in industrialized and developing countries. Inevitable spillages, which occur during routine operations of oil products, refining or as a consequence of acute accidents, lead hydrocarbons to reach the water table before becoming immobilized in the soil. This study, thus was aimed to assess the oil degrading potential of selected bacterial strain under in vitro conditions.The present study is carried out by isolation of oil degrading microbes from oil contaminated soil from the garages

of Bangalore and identification of the

enzymes needed for degradation and the isolation of the degradative plasmids from the micro organisms. Preliminary study was undertaken to determine the optimal conditions for the biodegradation of a crude oil. Among 28 oil-degrading bacterial cultures isolated from oil-contaminated soil samples, Bacillus sp, Pseudomonas sp were selected for the study based on the efficiency of crude oil utilization. Along with the selected individual strains, a mixed bacterial consortium prepared using the above strains were also used for degradation studies. The culture medium included essential nutrients with prime carbon source as the diesel oil.The mixed bacterial consortium showed more growth and degradation than did individual strains. Degradation activity was determined using DCPIP colorimetric analysis. 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol is a chemical compound used as a redox dye. Oxidized DCPIP is blue in colour showing maximum absorption at 600nm. At 1% crude oil concentration, the mixed bacterial consortium degraded a maximum of 77% of the crude oil. Temperature of 35C and pH 7 were found to be optimum for maximum activity. Keywords: Bacteria ; oil Degradation; Hydrocarbons; DCPIP

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” OP-LS-24

HISOTPATHOLOGICAL STUDIES ON HYPOPHYSIS AND OVARY OF FRESH WATER FISH Glossogobius giuris (HAMILTON) S.Y. Narayanaswamy and M. Ramachandra Mohan Department of Zoology, Dayananda Sagar College of Biological Sciences, Kumaraswamy layout Bangalore: 560 078 Department of Zoology, Bangalore University, Bangalore: 560 056

ABSTRACT Histopathology of the Hypophysis and Ovary was observed during preparatory phase, the fish G. giuris on treatment with sublethal concentrations of Malathion ( 0.05 , 0.25 and 0.5 ppm) for 24, 48, 72 and 96 hrs intervals, histology represents a useful tool to assess the degree of pollution, particularly for sub-lethal and chronic effects. However, a standardized method for the description and assessment of histological changes, mainly for use in freshwater fish, is still lacking. In this paper, the present authors propose a standardized tool for the assessment of histological findings which can be applied to different organs. The results of the present study showed morphological changes in the cell structure. Investigation on Hypophysis and Ovary cells showed degranulation and hypertrophy of cells and nuclei after the fishes were exposed for 24 hrs Malathion treatment, these changes further intensified with 0.25 ppm treatment through the appearance of extensive intercellular spaces. In higher concentration of

Malathion

treatment with 0.5 ppm for 24 hrs, the cells showed various stages of degranulation which were distributed sparsely. A reduction in the number and diameter of the Hypophysis and Ovary cells indicates possible reduction in release of hormones. A higher concentration brings about rapid changes of Hypophysis and Ovary which indicating a possible reduction in the synthesis and release of hormones. Keywords: Malathion , G.giuris, Ovary and Hypophysis

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” OP-LS-25 PRODUCTION OF STREPTOMYCIN FROM Streptomyces griseus BY SOLID STATE FERMENTATION & ITS PRODUCTION ENHANCEMENT BY MUTATION & ANALYSIS BY HPLC Sudipa Bhadra., Amrutha C.H., and Mamatha J*. P.G. Department of Biotechnology, The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore 560102, Karnataka, India. *Corresponding author: [email protected] ABSTRACT The actinomycete strain Streptomyces griseus isolated from soil is used for the production of streptomycin, a potent antibiotic drug which is of great commercial importance. The strain was identified by morphological features and several biochemical tests. Further they were grown as a pure culture in starch casein agar media. Mutation was done both by physical and chemical methods and it was found that the antimicrobial activity was increased by 10% for the mutated strain kept under UV light for 5minutes. Production was achieved by solid state fermentation using mousambi, pineapple and sugarcane waste as the substrate which are cheaply available. Purification was done by filtration with charcoal and acidified methanol followed by evaporation to produce antibiotic in powder form. High purity was obtained during analysis by High Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and it is shown that the production increased by 24% with mousambi and 30% increase with pineapple while there is a 46.77% increase in production with sugarcane using the mutated sample. Hence it was concluded that mutation with UV light for 5mins and solid state fermentation using sugarcane as substrate yielded the best results. This paper also reviews the possible methods of increasing the production efficiency and cost effectiveness of streptomycin at the industrial scale. Key Words: Streptomyces griseus, Mutation, High Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), Solid State Fermentation, Substrate.

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” OP-LS-26

IN VITRO QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE PHYTOCHEMICAL STUDIES OF JASMINE SPECIES Sushant Shekhar1*, Prasad M.P2. 1Department of Microbiology, Tumkur University, Tumkur, Karnataka 2Sangenomics Research Labs, Domlur, Bangalore, Karnataka *Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] Ph. No.: +91-9844796120 ABSTRACT Traditional medical system has great value and also many medicinal plants have been identified from indigenous pharmacopoeias, because of which plants are still making imperative contribution to healthcare regardless of modern medicines which has many advances. The medicinal values of plants lie in their phytochemicals, which produce definite physiological actions on the human body. Phytochemicals are compounds present in plants that are used as food and medicine to protect against illness and to maintain human health. In the present investigation phytochemical analysis was carried out from eight Jasmine species (Jasminum grandiflorum, J. sambac, J. humile, J. sambac wild, J. arborescens, J. angustifolium, J. auriculatum, J. officinale, J sambac L) with a view to access the therapeutic values and safety of the plant in ethno medicine. The qualitative phytochemical analysis of these plants showed the presence of saponin, terpenoids, glycosides and proteins in all the Jasmine species. These Jasmine species showed complete absence of secondary metabolites such as Phytosterols, tannins and lignin. The percentage of alkaloid was 93.3%± as recorder in J. angustifolium. The flavonoid content in J. sambac wild and J. sambac cultivar variety was estimated at 55%±. Saponin was recorder at 18%± in J. sambac wild variety. Keywords: Quantitative phytochemical analysis, Qualitative phytochemical analysis, secondary metabolites, Jasmine species, medicinal plants.

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology”

POSTER PRESENTATION

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” PP-LS-01 DIVERSITY OF FUNGI ON SOME SELECTED SPICES FROM BANGALORE RURAL DISTRICT B.K.Chikkaswamy Rabin and Chandra paramanik Department of Biotechnology, SRN Adarsh College of Science 5TH Main, Chamarajpet, Bangalore-560018 Sigma BioScience Research Center, 2 nd stasge, Indiranagar, Bangalore-38 ABSTRACT In the present investigation an effort has been made to study fungal contamination of five selected spices from Bangalore and the study resulted in the isolation of 20 fungal species belongs to 42 genera out of which 10 species belongs to 5 genera of Zygomycetes, 2 species belongs to 3 genera of Ascomycetes and 80 species belongs to 32 genera of Mitosporic fungi. In Zygomycetes genera like Mucor, Absidia Rhizopus, and Syncephalastrum were common. Genus Chaetomium in Ascomycets and in Mitosporic fungi genera like Cladosporium, Curvularia,

Aspergillus, Alternaria, Penicillium and Fusarium were most

predominant genera. Among the five selected spices Cumin samples shows highest number of fungal species isolates than Coriander, Pepper, Cardamom and Indian Cassia samples respectively. Spices are important agriculture commodities, because of their taste and aroma they are widely used in the food preparations. Fungi are very predominant contaminants of spices; they deteriorate the quality and taste of spice and it is one of the major problems in spice trade. Fungal contamination of spices takes place at various levels that is from field to fork level. The highest percentage of occurrence was recorded in the genus Aspergillus (20.434%) and lowest percentage of occurrence was recorded in Rhynchophoma (0.138%) and in other genera, percentage of occurrence ranges between (0.126% to 24.23%). Key words: Contamination and Percentage of occurrence. Diversity.

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” PP-LS-02 LEAF LITTER MYCOFLORA OF SOME MEDICINAL PLANTS FROM BANGALORE RURAL DISTRICT B.K.Chikkaswamy, Rabin Chandra paramanik and Prasad M.P Department of Biotechnology, SRN Adarsh College of Science 5th Main, Chamarajpet, Bangalore-560018 SigmaBioScience Research center, 2nd stasge, Indiranagar, Bangalore-38 ABSTRACT The fertility of leaf litter depends upon its chemical components and quantitative nature of microorganisms which inhabiting it. Among the microorganisms fungi are one of the dominant groups. Leaf litter has been described as "poor man's rain forest" litter is the material lying on the soil surface composed of plants and their shed organs like leaves, twigs, etc which plays a major role in determining the structure and function of the ecosystem and is a rich habitat for growth of microorganisms. In the present work a detailed comprehensive survey of leaf litter fungi of medicinal plants viz Tinospora. and Gymnema sylvestre . was undertaken and the study reveals the isolation of 120 species of fungi which belongs to 54 genera out of which 22 species belongs to 7 genera of Zygomycetes, 5 species belongs to 5 genera of Ascomycetes and 965 species belongs to 42 genera of Mitosporic fungi, no Basiodiomycetes were encountered. .Analysis of percentage frequency reveals among Zygomycetes genera like Rhizopus, Cunninghamella were dominant; in Ascomycetes Genera like Emerciella and Wentiomyces were dominant and in Mitosporic fungi genera like Apergillus, Cladosporium, Fusarium were predominant. The highest percentage of frequency of mycoflora was recorded in Gymnema sylvestre R. Br. Than Tinospora . Key words: Medicinal Plants and Percentage Frequency Leaf Litter, Mycoflora.

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” PP-LS-03 MOLECULAR DIVERSITY OF MUSHROOMS IN AND AROUND BANGALORE RURAL DISTRICT, KARNATAKA. B.K.Chikkaswamy Rabin Chandra paramanik Department of Biotechnology, SRN Adarsh College of Science 5TH Main, Chamarajpet, Bangalore-560018 Sigma BioScience Research center, 2 nd stasge, Indiranagar, Bangalore-38 ABSTRACT The present investigation is an attempt to give a broad picture of biodiversity of mushrooms belonging to the class Basidiomycetes in Bangalore. The surveys were conducted from June 2012 to November 2013 in 8 different places which included scrub jungles and urban places in and around Bangalore. A total number of 85 species in 50 genera belonging to 19 families in 05 orders were recorded, 28 species were found to be recorded for the "first time in India and a new variety of Psathyrella candolleana var. indica has been proposed. Out of 85 species 12 species were found to be edible and 20 species have medicinal value. Among the collected species Coprinus disseminates followed by Coprinus fibrillosis and Schizophyllum commune were found to be abundant in their occurrence. The Simpson and Sannon diversity biodiversity index was found to be 0.7 and 1.22respectively. Key words: Mushrooms in Bangalore, Karnataka. PP-LS-04 MICROBIAL QUALITY ANALYSIS OF LOCALLY AVAILABLE HERBAL PRODUCTS. Chaithra .U, Kavitha .M .T, Kavya .M, Sekar. K. V, *Asha. M . K and Bharathi . S PG Department of Microbiology, The Oxford College Of Science,Bangalore. *Department of Microbiology, Natural Remedies Pvt Limited,Bangalore. Corresponding mail: [email protected]. ABSTRACT Herbal products are preparation of various kinds of medicinal plants involving a dried plant or any of its parts such as leaf, stem, root, flower and seed. Herbs are becoming more The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” popular throughout the world, as people strive to stay healthy in the face of chronic stress and pollution and to treat illness with medicines that work in concert with the body’s own defenses. The aim of the study was to evaluate the microbial contaminants of locally available herbal products. Six herbal products were collected from market and microbial quality control analysis was carried out by plating technique. All the six samples were tested for the presence of Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeroginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella by using selective media. The results revealed that out of six samples two samples were found to be contaminated with E.coli and one sample was found to be contaminated with Salmonella. The total bacterial count of all the test herbal products ranged from 1- 8*102 cfu/ml/g and the total fungal count of all the products were found to be zero. As it has been noted in present days there is an increasing demand for Ayurvedic medicines, but some are hesistant to take them because of the fear of contamination due to microorganisms ,therefore such studies plays an important role in promotion of the herbal products over the chemically prepared products which are known to have higher side effects. PP-LS-05 STUDIES ON AMYLASE PRODUCTION FROM Aspergillus Oryzae BY SOLID-STATE FERMENTATION Ankita Dey, Anindita Maji and Abdul Nayeem*, P.G. Department of Biotechnology, The Oxford College of Science, HSR Layout, Bangalore. *Coresponding author: [email protected] ABSTRACT Amylases (α-amylase, β-amylase and glucoamylase) are among the most important enzymes in present day biotechnology. Although amylases can be derived from several sources, microbial enzymes generally meet industrial demands. These enzymes, especially α-amylase have found wide applications in a number of industrial processes such as in the food, fermentation, textile and paper industries. Industrially important enzymes including amylases have traditionally been obtained from submerged fermentation (SmF) because of ease of handling and greater control of environmental factors such as temperature and pH.

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” Solid state fermentation (SSF) constitutes an interesting alternative since the metabolites so produced are concentrated and purification procedures are less costly. Solid-state fermentation presents a series of advantages over submerged fermentations and these have been widely discussed in the literature. The culture conditions are more similar to natural habitat of filamentous fungi, so that they are able to grow and excrete large quantities of biomaterials. Products concentration after extraction is usually higher than those obtained by submerged fermentation and the quantity of liquid waste generated during the fermentation process is lower. SSF has gained renewed interest from researchers for enzymes production in view of its economic and engineering advantages and is often employed to produce amylases. Filamentous fungi have a number of properties which make them important both scientifically and industrially. They are also suitable microorganisms for SSF, especially because their morphology allows them to colonize and penetrate the solid substrate has been successfully used to express high levels of heterologous proteins and industrial enzymes. The present study was made to assess the effect of wheat bran and other environmental parameters such as pH, temperature, culture age etc. on the production of amylases, in particular, α-amylase. Aspergillus oryzae was collected from Dept. of Microbiology, The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore and pure culture was maintained on MRBA medium. Wheat bran was autoclaved and different ratios of minimal sat medium (1:1 and 1:5) were mixed and 1 ml of

A. oryzae spore suspension was inoculated into the flask

containing wheat bran and minimal salt medium. The production of α-amylase was determined at different time intervals of 48h, 72h, 96h and 120h and different inoculums size of 1 ml, 2 ml and 3 ml. The highest production of α-amylase was recorded at 120h with 1.0 ml inoculum. The effect of pH and temperature are being carried out.

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” PP-LS-06 EFFECT OF USE OF DIFFERENT LOW CALORIE INTENSE SWEETENERS AND OVERALL QUALITY OF YOGHURT, BIOYOGHURT AND PROBIOTIC MISHTI DAHI. Chethana.B, Monica Devi.V, Poornima.S, Sowmya.V, Bharathi.S, Pramod Taranth and Natarajan.A Department of Microbiology, The Oxford of College Of Science, B’lore-90 Corresponding mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT The aim of this investigation was to enhance the nutritive, therapeutic value and effect of addition of synthetic sweetener on the overall quality of probiotic fermented milks and also developing low calorie probiotic yoghurt fortified with the functional ingredients.In recent years there has been a sea change in the public preferences for foods. As a result, a number of foods containing probiotic have been introduced. A number of beneficial effects have been listed caused by the lactic probiotic cultures delivered mostly through fermented milks. These probiotic lactic organisms are termed as “Colonic foods”, as these upon entering the colon, establish in the intestinal tract, and thereby provide the host with a number of metabolic compounds which are involved in providing various health benefits. Such probiotic organisms in the form of bio yoghurt consisting of these lactic acid bacteria namely, S.thermophilus, B.bifidus and L.acidophilus were used in the preparation of fermented milk, and used as a base for developing value added full and low calorie probiotic Mishti dahi.The nutritive and therapeutic value of the bio yoghurt Mishti dahi was thus developed to benefit the consumer further by fortifying it with functional ingredients such as grape seed extract, green tea extract, premix etc. to help address current health issues and in part health benefits.The outcome of this study was the development of a beverage with low and full calorie probiotic Mishti dahi with enhanced therapeutic and health benefits to the common man who consumes this beverage on a regular basis.The findings of this investigation would benefit a large section of population by contributing today to the health benefits of the common man. The proverb “Health is Wealth” aptly ensures the importance of health in our day today life.

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” PP-LS-07 COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ANTI-OXIDANT AND ANTI-DIABETIC ACTIVITY OF Kigelia pinnata Dhriti V1., Chowdary P. V. V1., Rahul J1., Vishank G1., Shivaji B. Bole1*. Dept of Biotechnology, Biotech Finishing School, The Oxford College of Science, 17 th B, HSR layout, Bangalore. *Shivaji.B. Associate Professor, Department of biotechnology, The Oxford College Of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka-560102 Email:[email protected], +91 9611922895, Fax: (080) 30266349 ABSTRACT Medicinal plant plays an essential role in the management of various diseases. Kigelia pinnata commonly known as the Sausage tree, it is a multipurpose medicinal plant with many characteristics and considerable potentials. The plant has traditional uses which consist of anticancer, antiulcer, anti-aging, antioxidant, and anti malarial, in the treatment of genital infections, gynaecological disorders, renal ailments, fainting etc., this work represents the recent profile of applications of Kigelia pinnata as examined by different contemporary scientific researches. In this study, the in vitro anti-oxidant activity, antidiabetic activity and phytochemical evaluation of four different solvent extracts, from the leaves of Kigelia pinnata were determined. Phytochemical screening of the extracts of the leaves showed the presence of flavanoids, alkaloids, etc. Anti-oxidant activities of these extracts were evaluated through DPPH assay, reducing power assay and phosphomolybednum assay. The anti-diabetic activities of these extracts were determined by amylase inhibition assay. The anti oxidant and anti-diabetic activity of extracts was found to be promising camparble with standard. IC50 was calculated for both antioxidant and antidiabetic activity.The results obtained showed that the leaves of Kigelia pinnata has anti-oxidant and anti-diabetic properties, which helps in providing a basis for the traditional use of medicinal plant. Key words: Bignoniaceae, Kigelia pinnata, anticancer, anti-oxidant, anti-diabetic, DPPH.

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” PP-LS-08 BIOSORPTION OF ZINC BY HEAVY METAL RESISTANT FUNGI ISOLATED FROM BELLANDUR LAKE Ganesha R, Dhondup Namgyal, Kiran Kumar S, Atul Chandra and Abdul Nayeem*, P.G. Department of Biotechnology, The Oxford College of Science, HSR Layout, Bangalore. *Corresponding author: [email protected] The discharge of heavy metals into aquatic ecosystems has become a matter of concern in India over the last few decades. These pollutants are introduced into the aquatic systems significantly as a result of various industrial operations. The pollutants of concern include lead, chromium, mercury, uranium, selenium, zinc, arsenic, cadmium, gold, silver, copper and nickel. These toxic materials may be derived from mining operations, refining ores, sludge disposal, fly ash from incinerators, the processing of radioactive materials, metal plating, or the manufacture of electrical equipment, paints, alloys, batteries, pesticides or preservatives. Heavy metals such as zinc, lead and chromium have a number of applications in basic engineering works, paper and pulp industries, leather tanning, organochemicals, petrochemicals fertilizers, etc. Major lead pollution is through automobiles and battery manufacturers. For zinc and chromium the major application is in fertilizer and leather tanning respectively. Over the few decades, several methods have been devised for the treatment and removal of heavy metals. Bioremediation consists of a group of applications, which involve the detoxification of hazardous substances instead of transferring them from one medium to another, by means of microbes and plants. This process is characterized as less disruptive and can be often carried out on site, eliminating the need to transport the toxic materials to treatment sites. The biosorption (sorption of metallic ions from solutions by live or dried biomass) offers an alternative to the remediation of industrial effluents as well as the recovery of metals contained in other media. Biosorbents are prepared from naturally abundant and/or waste biomass. Due to the high uptake capacity and very costeffective source of the raw material, biosorption is a progression towards a perspective method. The mechanism by which microorganisms take up metals is relatively unclear, but it has been demonstrated that both living and non-living biomass may be utilized in The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” biosorptive processes, as they often exhibit a marked tolerance towards metals and other adverse conditions. In the present study, soil samples were collected from Bellandur Lake, serially diluted and inoculated on Tryptone glucose extract agar plates with various concentrations of zinc ranging from 100 to 1000 mg/l. The minimum inhibition concentrations (MICs) revealed that four isolates were able to tolerate a high concentration of zinc (1000mg/l). The isolates were maintained by weekly subculturing on Tryptone glucose extract agar medium. All the isolates were inoculated to Tryptone glucose extract liquid medium and incubated on a rotary shaker at 280 C for 72 hours. The flasks were taken out after 72 hours of inoculation and were centrifuged at 10,000 rpm for 10 min at 4°C. After centrifugation the supernatant (three times washed with NaOH 1N) were digested with HNO 3 67% and H2O2 (30% v/v), and metal concentration was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. The results showed that all the fungal isolates showed efficient Biosorption property. The isolate 8, showed maximum Biosorption compared to other isolates in the order 148>134>85>36 mg/l for the isolates Zn8>Zn4>Zn6>Zn1 respectively. The characterization and identification of the fungi is in progress. PP-LS-09 ALTERNATIVE METHOD OF EXTRACTION OF EUGENOL FROM SYZYGIUM AROMATICUM AND ITS APPLICATIONS Hima CS, Hitha CS, Bharathi S and *Walter Schrenk Department of Microbiology, The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore *Amrita – Agilent Research Lab, Amritapuri, Kerala Corresponding E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Eugenol is the main ingredient of the essential oil that can be isolated from the spice Syzigium aromaticum (cloves). The clove is the bud of an East Indian ever green tree. Phenolic phytochemicals are a broad class of nutraceuticals found in plants which have been extensively researched by scientists for their health-promoting potential. One such a compound which has been comprehensively used is eugenol (4-allyl-2-methoxyphenol), The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” which is the active component of Syzigium aromaticum. Aromatic plants like nutmeg, basil, cinnamon and bay leaves also contain eugenol. Eugenol has a wide range of applications like perfumeries, flavorings, essential oils and in medicine as a local antiseptic and anesthetic. Increasing volumes of literature showed eugenol possesses antioxidant, antimutagenic, antigenotoxic, anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties. In the present study eugenol was extracted by steam distillation method. Analytical methods such as HPLC and UV Spectrometry were used for further analysis of eugenol. Keywords: Eugenol, Cloves, Anticancer and HPLC. PP-LS-10 IN-VITRO AND IN-SITU STUDIES ON MICROBIAL DETOXICATION OF PLASTIC WASTE FROM THE DUMPING SITES OF BANGALORE CITY Sujan, Lakshmi C, Deepthi Arun Varier and Bharathi S Department of Microbiology, The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore – 560102 Corresponding E-mail ID – [email protected] ABSTRACT Plastic waste is accumulating in the environment are causing an ever increasing ecological threat. Plastic causes serious damage to the environment: both during its production and disposal. Biodegradation of plastic waste using microbial strain could offer a solution to this problem. Microorganisms have been a good resource for solution to this problem due to their diverse metabolic capability, adaptability to different environment and possibility of isolation using semi synthetic minimal media. In the present study, potent microbial strains degrading plastics (LDPE and PVC) were isolated using soil burial technique. To increase the chances of isolating such strains which could have adapted to metabolize plastic constituting polymers, samples were collected from Mavallipura dumpsite, Bangalore, which were rich in plastic waste. The end of the study, 2 fungal species and 4 bacterial species were isolated on MSV medium supplemented with emulsified plastic. The microbial species associated with the, PVC materials were identified as Kingella, Actinomyces, Penicillium and LDPE materials were identified as Alcaligens, Methylobacillus, Aspergillus flavus. The biodegradation of the respective plastics was analyzed for after 2,3 and 4 months of incubation in soil. The degradation was The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” obtained as 2% weight loss for PVC sample and 6% weight loss for LDPE after 2 months, 10% weight loss for PVC and 15% weight loss for LDPE after 3 months, 21.3% weight loss for PVC and 26.1% weight loss for LDPE after 4 months. Optimization methods were employed to monitor different parameters like pH, temperature and concentration of plastics for the increased biodegradation of the respective plastics. Optimum pH was found to pH 8, temperature was found to be 37°C and plastic concentration was found to be 0.50% for both bacterial and fungal isolates identified. The soil sample analyzed for the Micronutrients, Macronutrients & also heavy metals. The soil sample collected was alkaline . The electrical conductivity was found to be ideal. Organic matter was deficient. Phosphorous was also found deficient. Potash level was found ideal. Iron content was high .Manganese, Zinc and Copper level also found high. Secondary Nutrient and heavy metal also found low. PP-LS-11 COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF THREE MEDICINAL PLANTS FOR ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY AGAINST IMPORTANT SPECIES OF BACTERIA. John Louis.A1, Catherine Albina.A2 , Kiran.B3 1PG

Department of Biochemistry, CMR Institute of Management Studies (Autonomous) Bangalore -560043. E.mail: [email protected]., P.No. 8123482470. 2PG Department of Biochemistry, CMR Institute of Management Studies (Autonomous) Bangalore -560043. E.mail: [email protected]., P.No. 7204286503. 3Head of the Department, PG Department of Biosciences, CMR Institute of Management Studies (Autonomous) Bangalore -560043. E.mail: [email protected]., P.No. 9379267558.

ABSTRACT in vitro evaluation of three medicinal plants viz., Ficus microcarpa L., Antidesma acidum Retz., and Valeriana hardwickii Wall. against three bacterial species Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus tested at 10, 20, 30 40 and 50 microliter concentration. F. microcarpa recorded a maximum inhibition of 34.0mm at 50 µl concentration against S. aureus. 26.0 µl against B. subtilis at 50 µl concentration and 20.0mm against E. coli. V. hardwickii recorded a significant activity and showed 24.0mm, The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” 20.0 and 12.00mm inhibition against B. subtilis , E. coli and S. aureus respectively tested at 50 µl concentration. Compared to synthetic antibiotic chloramphenicol tested at 25mg concentration, significant activity was observed against all the test bacteria and recorded 18.0mm to 31.0mm inhibition. Key words: Ficus microcarpa , Antidesma acidum , Valeriana hardwickii, antibacterial activity, synthetic antibiotic. PP-LS-12 HYDROXYL RADICAL SCAVENGING AND 1, 1-DIPHENYL-2-PICRYLHYDRAZYL (DPPH) RADICAL SCAVENGING ACTIVITY OF Psoralea corylifolia L . Kiran.B1 Lalitha.V2and Raveesha.K.A3 Head of the Department, PG department of Biosciences, CMR Institute of Management Studies (Autonomous) , Bangalore -560043. E.mail: [email protected], P.No. 9379267558. Assistant Professor, Department of Studies in Botany and Microbiology, Maharanis Science College for Women, Bangalore-560001. E.mail: [email protected] , P.No. 9844142520. Professor, Department of Studies in Botany, Manasagangotri, University of Mysore, Mysore -570 006. E.mail: [email protected] , P.No. 9845481329. ABSTRACT Among the various extracts tested, AWEP (Alcohol Water (1:1) Extract of P. corylifolia) showed highest hydroxyl radicle scavenging activity of 87.0% at 20µg. Compared to standard BHA and α- tocopherol at 80µg showed 87.46% and 88.13% respectively. AWEP is followed by AEP(Alcohol Extract of P. corylifolia seeds) (70.0% at 20µg), WEP(Water Extract of P. corylifolia) (60.0% at 20µg), HEP(Hexane Extract of P. corylifolia seeds) (55.0% at 20µg) and CEP(Chloroform Extract of P. corylifolia seeds)

(52.0% at 20µg).

Hence AWEP could be an effective nutraceutical antioxidant and hydroxyl radicle scavenger at very low concentration. Compared to other extracts of P. corylifolia(Seed) and standard antioxidants. Among the different extract of P. corylifolia (Seed), AWEP showed maximum and powerful DPPH radicle scavenging activity by 89.0% at 25µg. This is followed by AEP (63.3% at 100µg), HEP (50.2% at 100µg), WEP (50.0% at 100µg) and CEP The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” (49.0% at 100µg) respectively. When compared with nutraceutical antioxidants αtocopherol (76.3% at 85.0µg) where as non-nutraceutica antioxidants BHA showed 82.0% at 100µg). Key words: Hydroxyl radical scavenging, 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), radical scavenging , Psoralea corylifolia L ., Antioxidant activity. PP-LS-13 PRODUCTION OF BIODIESEL FROM MICROALGAE, EDIBLE AND NON-EDIBLE OILS Lakshmi.C, Lavanya.R, Swetha Rani.S.R, Sujan R.A, Bharathi.S and Harini Kumar.K.M Department of Microbiology, The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore-560102 Corresponding e-mail id- [email protected] ABSTRACT Biodiesel

is

an

alternative

biofuel

which

is

produced

by

a

mono-alcoholic

transesterification process, in which triglycerides reacts with a mono-alcohol with the catalysis of alkali, acids, or enzymes. As known, biofuel can be produced from various plants. But their increased use for the production of biofuel may create an ecological imbalance and also affects the food security. This limits the use of plants and increases the use of microorganisms such as Microalgae in the biofuel production. Micro-algae are the fastest growing photosynthesizing unicellular organisms and can complete an entire growing cycle every few days. Some algae species have high Oil content and can produce up to 15,000 gallons of oil per acre per year under optimum conditions. Photosynthesis is the first step in the conversion of light to chemical energy and ultimately responsible for supporting all biofuel synthetic processes, converting solar energy into biomass, carbon storage products and hydrogen. Bio-Lipid oil can also be used to produce one of the lowest cost and most environmentally friendly fuels. Bio-diesel made from bio-lipid oil, from micro-algae, burns cleaner, produces less CO 2 than petroleum based diesel fuels, and it's renewable and sustainable. The algae used to produce the bio-lipid oil actually absorb CO2 from the atmosphere, thereby reducing dangerous, greenhouse gases that cause global warming. The aim of our project was to extract biodiesel from microalgae collected from the mass cultivation unit of Bangalore (GKVK) and from edible & non edible oils collected from oil The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” extraction unit (GKVK) and few oil samples from provision stores. The isolates of microalgae were obtained by culturing the water samples on BG11 media & SP media. Microscopic observation was carried out to confirm the growth of microalgae. Lipid estimation was carried out to determine the highest lipid content in the samples. BG11 media (A1) sample proved to have highest lipid content of 0.25083mg/ml compared to other samples. Micro algal biomass was used for bio diesel extraction. Edible & Non edible oils were also used for the extraction of biodiesel. The composition of the biodiesel was analyzed by performing several confirmatory tests for all the oils. PP-LS-14 EFFECT OF CULTURE FILTRATE OF Trichoderma species AGAINST IMPORTANT SEED BORNE FUNGAL PATHOGENS OF PADDY Lalitha.V1, Kiran.B2 and Raveesha.K.A3 Assistant Professor, Department of Studies in Botany and Microbiology, Maharanis Science College for Women, Bangalore-560001, E.mail: [email protected]., P.No. 9844142520. Head of the Department, PG department of Biosciences, CMR Institute of Management Studies (Autonomous) Bangalore -560043. E.mail: [email protected]., P.No. 9379267558. Professor, Department of Studies in Botany, Manasagangotri, University of Mysore, Mysore -570 006. E.mail: [email protected] , P.No. 9845481329. ABSTRACT Culture filtrate of all the Trichoderma sps tested showed significant activity against test pathogens of paddy. The percent inhibition of the test pathogens in T. viride treatment varied between 13.7%(Fusarium oxysporum) to 82.0% (Pyricularia oryzae), In case of T. harzianum, it varied between 13.0% (F. oxysporum) to 82.0% (Curvularia lunata). In case of T. virens, the inhibition percentage varied between 24.44% (F. solani) to 87.36% (Drechslera halodes). Similarly in T. koningii treatment, the percent inhibition ranged between 69.0% (T. padwickii) to 100.0% inhibition (Pyricularia oryzae and F. oxysporum). Among the treatments, total inhibition was observed only in case of

T. koningii against

P. oryzae and F. oxysporum and none of the other treatments recorded total inhibition. Among the culture filtrates of Trichoderma sps tested it is observed that culture filtrates of The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” T. koningii recorded significantly higher percentage of inhibition against all the test pathogens followed by T. viride, T. virens and T. harzianum. More than 80% inhibition of the test pathogens was observed in case of T. koningii treatment except T. padwickii and D. tetramera. Key words: Biocontrol, antimicrobial activity, Paddy, seed borne pathogens. PP-LS-15 SOLID WASTE TREATMENT AND ITS CONVERSION TO AN ECO-FRIENDLY PRODUCT BY EFFECTIVE MICROORGANISM (EM) TECHNOLOGY Madhumita Ghosh Dastidar, Shankar BS Department of Microbiology, Vijaya College, R.V.Road, Bangalore Email- [email protected] ABSTRACT In a modern city life we have to deal with enormous wastes that generate everyday through industrial wastes and domestic wastes. The quantity of wastes generated due to urbanization pose a major problem of proper and adequate treatment and has an adverse effect on environment. Many scientific techniques have been discovered for proper waste management followed by its disposal. But today it is necessary to use such a method which can convert wastes to reusable products, thus aim to combat environmental pollution. The kitchen waste is one of the typical household generated waste shows a major impact on municipalities for the treatment. The waste management by Effective Microorganism (EM) technology has been adapted by many countries. The aim of this study is to find an easier solution to treat solid wastes by EM technology and conversion of the wastes to eco friendly products. This study has a number of applications including agriculture, livestock, gardening, landscaping, composting, bioremediation etc. The wastes have been successfully converted by EM methods. Also when analyzed the content of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorous of the wastes after EM treatment, it has been observed that these elements are increased which can be utilized as source biofertilizers. The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” PP-LS-16 A STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF SALON WASTES ON HUMAN HEALTH AND A NOVEL WAY TO UTILIZE THE WASTE HAIRS Madhumita Ghosh Dastidar, Pooja Y.V, Rashmi M, Shalini S.G, Varsha N Department of Microbiology, Vijaya College,R.V.Road Email - [email protected] ABSTRACT Salon and spa are mushrooming everywhere and doing brisk business too. Salon waste products if disposed untreated causes adverse effects on health and surrounding environment which enhances the growth of various pathogens especially related to skin. The major health issues like skin rashes, eye irritations, scalp itching are caused by salon wastes like hair clippings, various chemicals, dyes and also used cotton, tissue paper etc. The aim of the experiments to analyze the indoor micro flora and also to find applications of salon wastes. We collected various samples like hair, nail scalp and skin swabs of salon worker and conducted various microbiological tests to analyze the internal environment of a salon. The industrial growth has accelerated the generation of various oily wastes especially from petrochemical, metallurgical industries and transportation and domestic sewage wastes. These wastes are major pollutant for aquatic environment. Industrial waste contain 75% free oil, 20% emulsified oil and 5% soluble oil. Separation of oil from surface of a large body of water is necessary otherwise aquatic life will be under threat. Everyday thousands of tons of hair are generated as wastes from salon which are thrown to landfills with no direct benefit. Moreover hair is a slow degradable product. Our aim is to find an effective means of utilizing the salon generated wastes hair to clear the oil spills. Human hair can adsorb various potential hazardous oils like crude oil, motor oil which upon spillage causes environmental pollution. We have tested the human hair oil adsorption capability by testing with various types of hair. The proportion of oil adsorption is quantified by considering various properties of oil adsorption. Finally we have converted the oil laden hair to an eco friendly bio-compost.

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” PP-LS-17 ANTIBACTERIAL STUDIES OF Caesalpinia bonducella SEED EXTRACTS Mousami Gosh, Wepfule Kapfo and Abdul Nayeem P.G. Department of Biotechnology, The Oxford College of Science, HSR Layout, Bangalore. ABSTRACT The toxicity to humans and other animals from antibiotics is generally considered to be low. However, prolonged use of certain antibiotics can decrease the number of gut flora, which can have a negative impact on health. The inevitable consequence of widespread and injudicious use of antibiotics has been the emergence of antibiotic-resistant pathogens, resulting in a serious threat to global public health. The resistance problem demands that a renewed effort be made to seek antibacterial agents effective against pathogenic bacteria resistant to current antibiotics. Possible strategies towards this objective include the increased sampling from diverse environments and identification of bioactive compounds produced by plants and other sources. Caesalpinia bonducella, commonly known as Gray Nicker, is a species of flowering plant of family Caesalpiniaceae, that has a pantropical distribution. C. bonducella Fruit is also known as a Fever Nut, due to its antipyretic properties. The seeds contain an alkaloid caesalpinine, bitter principles such as bonducin, saponins and mixed oils. These compounds render the herb its therapeutic properties. The plant treats skin diseases, ulcers and leprosy, gastrointestinal problems like, dysentery and diarrhea. C. bonducella seeds were collected from Junagadh forest, Gir area (Gujarat). C. bonducella seeds were crushed in a mixer & dry powder formed. The powder was subjected to soxhalet extraction. All the extracts at various concentrations were tested for antibacterial studies on various strain of microorganisms like Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Shigella dysentery, Proteus mirabilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis. chloroform extract have showed good antibacterial activity against Shigella dysentery, Proteus mirabilis, pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecalis. Methanol extract have showed good antibacterial activity against, Proteus mirabilis, pseudomonas aeruginosa. Petroleum ether extract have showed good antibacterial activity against Proteus mirabilis. Aqueous extract The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” have showed good antibacterial activity against Proteus mirabilis. There is no overcoming of growth in the zone of inhibition with prolonged incubation. PP-LS-18 ELISA- BEST ADVANCED HANDY DETECTION TEST OF PICKING THE SPECIFIC PROGESTERONE METABOLITE IN FECAL SAMPLES OF WILD ASIAN ELEPHANTS! S.B.Chethna MSc. Biological Sciences, Bangalore University, Bangalore 560008 ABSTRACT Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) are prominent “flagship species”, are listed under the category of endangered species (EN-A2c, ver.3.2; IUCN Red list 2009) and there is need for their conservation. This requires understanding demographic and reproductive dynamics of species. Traditionally invasive blood sampling is carried out but this is restrictive for large animals and hence non- invasive methods are ideal to assess the reproductive cyclicity of elephants to detect the concentration of catabolised progesterone levels in female elephants. The diet and the ecological parameters are vital for normal progesterone synthesis. These are poly breeders and come into estrous about thrice a year due to longest estrous cycle of about 16 weeks. And only during estrus are the chances of pregnancy, which is directly proportional to progesterone levels. So assaying this technique by Enzyme linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA) is the latest and handy method. This advanced technique has ample advantages over Radio Imuno assay (RIA) and is highly specific and sensitive shows 90% binding to pick up this progesterone metabolite. The purpose of this study is to estimate the concentration of one of the progesterone metabolites i.e allopregnanolone (5α-P-3OH) in different fresh fecal samples of the random population subjected to a representative block of Asia. The results will help us out to predict the reproductive status for the localized population of female elephants, thereby helping to plan their breeding strategy. Keywords: Flagship, Non-invasive and reproductive cyclicity.

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” PP-LS-19 EFFECT OF AQUEOUS AND SOLVENT EXTRACT OF Piper longum L. ROOT AGAINST IMPORTANT SPECIES OF BACTERIA Sakchi Bhushan1, Madhubala Shriram2 and Kiran.B3 1PG

Department of Biotechnology, CMR Institute of Management Studies (Autonomous) , Bangalore -560043. E.mail: [email protected] P.No. 9535601823.

2PG

Department of Biotechnology, CMR Institute of Management Studies (Autonomous) , Bangalore -560043. E.mail: [email protected]., P.No. 9738430337.

3Head

of the Department, PG Department of Biosciences, CMR Institute of Management Studies (Autonomous) , Bangalore -560043. E.mail: [email protected]., P.No. 9379267558 ABSTRACT

Evaluation of antibacterial activity of roots of Piper longum L. belongs to family piperaceae against four Gram negative human bacteria viz., Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi and Klebsiella pneumonia and two Gram positive bacteria viz., Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus in vitro condition. The aqueous extract was tested at 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 and 100 % concentration . Significant activity was observed in 70, 80, 90 and 100 % concentration and recorded 25.0mm to 36.0mm inhibition. Among the different solvent extract viz., petroleum ether, chloroform, benzene, methanol and ethanol tested at 10 to 100% concentration, maximum activity was observed in petroleum ether extract and recorded 28.0mm to 36.0mm inhibition against test bacteria, followed by methanol, chloroform and ethanol. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was also determined for all the species of bacteria. All the result was compared to synthetic antibiotics Gentamicin (25mg), Tetracycline (25mg) and Streptomycin (25mg). Key words: Piper longum L, antibacterial activity, synthetic antibiotic

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” PP-LS-20 EFFECT OF INTERACTION OF SOLUBLE STARCH AND STABILIZER ON THE GROWTH BEHAVIOUR OF LACTIC ACID BACTERIA Saurav kumar, prince kumar, Krishna kumar, Bharthi.S Department of Microbiology, The Oxford College of science, Bangalore ABSTRACT Soluble starch is a high molecular- weight, water- soluble dextrin produced by the partial acid hydrolysis of starch. Stabilizers are complex polysaccharide which are added to food stuff like yogurt to enhance its texture, flavour. Lactic acid bacteria(LAB) are gram +ve, rod shaped bacteria which are mainly present in milk and its product like curd, yogurt etc. some of the species of LAB are considered to be Probiotic cultures. Soluble starch and stabilizer mainly contribute to firmness, viscosity, water holding capacity and protein stability in Yogurt. Soluble starch and Stabilizer were added to Yogurt with an aim to get Yogurt product with firmness, viscosity, flavour having considerable health benefits in condition like Antibiotic-associated diarrhoea(AAD), Pseudomembranous colitis etc. The objective of the work

was to observe the growth of lactic acid bacteria after

interaction of Soluble starch and Stabilizer. Different commercially available from of soluble starch were used out of which Curia-2 was screened and 1% concentration of Curia-2 was found to be the best and Sodium alginate was found to be the best out of different stabilizers used such as Pectin, Locust Bean Gum(LBG.)Raw milk sample used for Yogurt preparation contained 4% fat, 9.065% SNF, and 13.065% TS. Culture used for Yogurt preparation was Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus.The physicochemical characteristics of yogurt with interaction of soluble starch and stabilizer differ significantly In comparison with control sample. Addition of soluble starch and stabilizer enhances the consistency, firmness and adhesion of product. By the help of growth curve it was concluded that interaction of soluble starch and stabilizer enhance the product quality and increased growth rate of LAB.

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” PP-LS-21 BACTERICIDAL, FUNGICIDAL AND ANTHELMINTIC ACTIVITIES OF Alstonia scholaris BARK EXTRACTS Naveen Kumar H.N.,1Badarinath D.K.,1 Joy Hoskeri H.,1,2Tarveen Jandoo,1 Savaliya Savan and Vedamurthy A.B.,3* 1Department of Biotechnology, The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore – 560 102, Karnataka, India. 2Department of P.G. Studies and Research in Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Kuvempu University, Shimoga, Karnataka, India. 3Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Kanatak University, Dharwad, Karnataka India ABSTRACT Plant based medicines are effective against many human infectious diseases either by paralysing or killing the pathogen. In the present study, petroleum ether, chloroform, ethanol and aqueous extracts of Alstoniascholaris bark were screened for their bactericidal, fungicidal and anthelmintic properties. Antibacterial activity revealed that chloroform extract at the 20 mg/ml showed significant antibacterial effect. Nevertheless, petroleum ether, ethanol and aqueous extracts also showed antibacterial effect against E. coli and S. dyscentreae, but less effective than chloroform extract. All the extracts were not as potent as the standard drug ciprofloxacin. Fungicidal activity revealed that among all the test extracts, ethanol extract at 20 mg/ml showed significant fungicidal effect against Rhizopus. . Interestingly, petroleum ether and ethanol extracts at 20 mg/ml showed more significant fungicidal action when compared to standard drug sulphamethoxazole. Anthelmintic activity of A. scholaris extracts was carried out at four different concentrations viz., 2.5, 5.0, 10.0and 20.0 mg/ml to evaluate their effect in inducing paralysis and death in Pheretimaposthuma. Anthelmintic activity revealed that petroleum ether extract at 20 mg/ml induced paralysis in worms within 12 min and death within 25.33 min. However, chloroform, ethanol and aqueous extracts at 20 mg/ml also showed significant anthelmintic activity. Among all the extracts of A. scholaris, chloroform extract was most potent at concentration 20 mg/ml but less efective than standard drug albendazole. This investigation revealed that all the extracts of A. scholaris showed efficient bactericidal,

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” fungicidal and anthelmintic activity against the test pathogens indicating the medicinal property of A. scholaris. KEYWORDS: Bactericidal activity; Fungicidal activity; Anthelmintic activity; Alstonia. PP-LS-22 ISOLATION, PURIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF PROTEASE . Shivaji Bole*1., Prity Lata1., Madhu Singh R1. 1Dept.

of Biotechnology, The Oxford College of Science, 19 th Main, 17th B cross, HSR Layout, Bangalore. *Shivaji.B.Associate Professor, Department of biotechnology, The Oxford College Of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka-560102 Email:[email protected], +91 9611922895, Fax: (080) 30266349 ABSTRACT

Among different types of enzymes obtained from microbial sources, protease are the most widely used in industries. In the present study, bacteria were isolated from air exposure and screened for the production of protease. The bacterial isolate was identified as Bacillus sp. and was later used for further characterization. Maximum yield of Protease was obtained after 48hrs of incubation. Enzyme activity of Protease was found to be 0.7917µmol/ ml/min and specific Activity was found to be 0.425 µmol/ mg/min. . The optimum temperature for enzyme activity was found to be at 30 0C and the optimum pH for enzyme activity was found to be at pH 7.6. Keywords: Protease, Casein, Cultural characterization, protease activity, pH, Temperature. PP-LS-23 NOVEL DIAGNOSTIC METHOD FOR TUBERCULOSIS Solanki Mukherjee, Bhanushree Das, Sevenky Sver, Praveen Kumar, Prajeesh P. The Oxford College of Science, 19th Main, 17th B cross, HSR Layout, Bangalore. ABSTRACT M. tuberculosisis an acid fast bacilli. When stained by Ziehl-Neelsen stain, they appear straight or slightly curved rod, about 3 µm × 0.3µm, occurring singly, in pairs or insmall The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” clumps when observed under microscope. Selective media of M. tuberculosis is egg based Lowenstein-Jensen mediumand the Colonies appear luxuriantly and bunch of cauliflower shape.It is the major cause of tuberculosis. One third of the world population is estimated to have been infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and million new cases of tuberculosis arise each year. The majority of tuberculosis patient are 15-45 years of age andnewly emergence of Multi Drug Resistant TB (MDR TB) and Extremely Drug Resistant TB (XDR TB). Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the major causes of death from a single infectious agent worldwide. Hence several measures and diagnostic techniques have been developed for its detection. Microscopically by Ziehl-Neelsen staining method, culturally by L.J solid media and Middle-brook broth media (MGIT7H9 BACTEC), molecular techniques such asGenexpert, LPA(Line Probe Assay) and Immunochromatographic method(CAPILIA). PP-LS-24 EVALUATION OF FORMONONETIN AND BIOCHANIN A AS SELECTIVEESTROGEN RECEPTOR MODULATORS (SERM) - POTENTIAL IMPLICATIONS IN THE THERAPY OF POST-MENOPAUSAL OSTEOPOROSIS. Sowmya Kumar * and M Sreepriya ** Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, BangaloreUniversity, JB Campus Bangalore – 560 056 ABSTRACT Osteoporosis is a silently progressing metabolic bone disease, targeting mainly the women population. It is the major cause of morbidity, mortality and significantly affects the quality and life expectancy of elderly women. Ovarian hormone deficiency is the major risk factor for decreased bone mass and increased bone fragility in osteoporosis. HRT (Hormone replacement therapy) is considered as the mainstay treatment for osteoporosis but this is reported to increase the risk of breast cancer incidence. Other antiosteporotic drugs available in the market also causes an array of painful side effects. This has stimulated the interest in the clinical development of SERMs as antiosteoporotic agents. The aim of the present investigation is to study the effect of Formononetin and Biochanin-A on the proliferation of primary culture of osteoblasts isolated from the femur and on estrogen receptor positive human breast adenocarcinoma cell line MCF-7. Cell proliferation was The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” assessed by MTT assay and cell morphology by phase contrast microscopy analysis. Results indicate the prostimulatory effects of formononetin and biochanin A on osteoblast cultures but the absence of the same on MCF-7 cells thereby implicating the possibility that they could exert tissue selectivity in estrogenic action and could be potential SERMs. Further studies are ongoing in the laboratory to support the hypothesis. * Presenting Author: email: [email protected] Mob: +91973124855. ** Corresponding author PP-LS-25 PHENOTYPIC AND MOLECULAR EVALUATION OF F 7 TOMATO RIL’S FOR EXTENDED SHELF LIFE *Sukanta Sinha,Sujeet Kumar, Mallikarjuna N MandRamanjiniGowda P H Department of Plant Biotechnology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore -65 *corresponding author:[email protected] ABSTRACT Tomato is the most important crop in term of nutrition, health and economic value. It experiences

great

postharvest

losses

due

to

natural

perishability,

precarious

transportation, lack of proper storage condition in Indian situation. In India, losses of up to 40 percent of produce occur because of excessive fruit softening. Among all strategies available for minimizing the postharvest losses, genetics approach is the best way. Among genetic approaches, marker assisted breeding is the promising one as transgenic is not reasonable in India. With the objective of selecting tomato lines with high shelf life F 7 lines were derived from crosses between L121 × Vaibhav on the basis of shelf-life and fruit yield. L121 is (alc gene) showing high shelf-life; Vaibhav is having good agronomic cultivar released by the UAS Bangalore. We have obtained lines which showed high shelf-life more than 70 days and mean of F7lines were 45 days. These lines were evaluated at molecular level using SSR Markers and confirmed the presence of marker Tom184 and Tom144 which are linked to high shelf life in tomato. The tomato lines like RIL 7-3, RIL 34-2, RIL 110-2, RIL 182-4 have shown shelf life of 70 days. These lines with high shelf life can be

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” used further in crop improvement programme to increase the keeping qualityof tomato so that post-harvest losses can be minimized. PP-LS-26 SCREENING OF Streptomyces Spp FOR LIPASE INHIBITORS Sukrutha Suresh, Venkata Krishna Bayineni, Gurmeet Singh and Ravi-Kumar Kadeppagari NanoBiosciences, Centre for Emerging Technologies, Jain University, Jain Global Campus, Jakkasandra post, Kanakapura Main Road, Ramanagara Dist., Karnataka, India, 562112 ABSTRACT Cases of obesity are increasing at alarming rate in our country due to the improved socioeconomic status of the people. Obesity is primarily related to the lipid metabolism and enzymes involved with this metabolism can be selectively targeted for developing antiobesity drugs. Orlistat is the only commercially available lipase inhibitor for treating obesity. However, it has adverse side effects like acute kidney injury, gastric problems and acute oxalate nephropathy. Hence there is a need for lipase inhibitors that has no or reduced side effects. One way of obtaining new inhibitors is by screening un-explored species. We have screened un-explored species of Streptomyces for lipase inhibitors since Streptomyces were shown to produce novel metabolites. The un-explored Streptomyces species like S.annulatus, S.albaduncus, S.clavifer, S.coelicolor, S.peuceticus etc. were screened for checking the lipase inhibition activity and S.abraviensis was used as a positive control while screening since it was already reported to produce lipase inhibitors, Ebelactones. The species of Streptomyces were grown on the medium containing soluble starch, glucose, soya bean meal , yeast extract, CaCO 3, NaCl, MgSO4 at 30°C and 140-150rpm for 5-7days. Biomass was separated from the medium by centrifugation and supernatant was used for estimating the extracellular lipase inhibition activity. In order to check intracellular lipase inhibition activity the biomass was macerated using appropriate volume of water and extracted by using equal volume of ethyl acetate. S. coelicolor showed lipase inhibition activity in the both extra and intracellular extracts. Inhibition activity was around 65100%. Other species didn’t show significant lipase inhibition activity.

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” PP-LS-27 ORAL PATHOGENS IN HIV INFECTED PATIENTS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO CANDIDA Sumalatha.S, AshaNinan Department of Microbiology,The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore. ABSTRACT Candida species are the most common fungal pathogens isolated from the oral cavity. Their oral existence both as a commensal and an opportunist pathogen has intrigued clinicians and scientists for many decades, and recent investigations have revealed many attributes of this fungus contributing to its pathogenicity. . Many factors contribute to the development of oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) including malnutrition, poor oral hygiene, dental malocclusion, and immuno suppression . In addition, the advent of the human immunodeficiency virus infection and AIDS has resulted in a resurgence of oral Candida infections. Therefore, this review is an attempt at detailing the current knowledge on Candida and oral candidoses.Oral candidiasis, which is also called thrush, is a fungal infection of the mouth and/or throat. Till date, CD4 cell count and viral load are recognized and widely used as markers of HIV-related disease progression. However, laboratory parameters will only partially reflect disease stage and progression, the additional clinical marker will more accurately represent the patient’s overall disease status.Considering the individual significance of CD4 cell count and oral lesions in assessing the disease status, it was thought worthwhile to correlate the two parameters, viz. CD4 cell count and oral lesions, in HIV/AIDS patients. This study was undertaken to assess the efficacy of oral changes as an indicator of disease status in HIV/AIDS. The study included 205 subjects were used for this study. Two samples (blood and oral wash) were collected from each subject. Each specimen was processed using standard microbiological techniques and emergent Candida isolates were identified with CHROMagarTM Candida and germ tube test. Venous blood samples (5 ml) were collected The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” into ethylene diaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) containers and mixed. The blood specimens were used for CD4 counts using flow cytometry

following the manufacturer’s

instructions.In patients without oral candidiasis, samples from saliva were collected by oral rinses in salinefor one min.InoculatedonSabouraud dextrose agar and HiCromeCandida agar After 48 hours of incubation at 37 °C.Yeast isolates were selected for species level identification by colony morphology on Sabouraud agar and colony color on HiCrome Candida agar. In clinical samples with different colonies, one isolate of each colony was obtained for species identification.Identification of the species of the isolates was performed by standard methods (germ-tube formation).Direct Examination of the Specimens (Gram stain and wet mount technique). Out of 295 patients, 72 people had oral candidiasis,The majority of Candida species among the Candida isolates were Candida albicans followed by Candida tropicalis ,Candida krusie and Candida guilliermondii . PP-LS-28 PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF RESVERATROL AGAINST Β-ADRENERGIC AGONIST INDUCED MYOCARDIAL STRESS IN DIABETIC RATS Uma .S and Sreepriya M * *Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Bangalore University, Jnana Bharathi Campus, Bangalore – 560 056 ABSTRACT India is notoriously known as the diabetes capital of the world. Diabetes superimposed with macrovascular cardiac complications is the major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Till today its management remains a clinical challenge and a problem of great importance. Despite understanding the mechanisms contributing to the development of cardiovascular diseases in diabetic patients, currently available conventional treatments for preventing the same are severely limited. Hence there is increased interest and renewed research focus on investigating the potential of natural products in the prevention of cardiovascular disease during diabetic conditions through novel strategies. Phytoalexins are chemcial substances produced by plants as a defensive response against infection by pathogenic microorganisms such as fungi. Resveratrol ( 3,4,5 trihydroxystilbene) is a naturally occurring phytoalexin reported to possess antidiabetic and cardioprotective The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” properties. Scientific studies implicating the effects of resveratrol in preventing the cardiovascular complications during diabetic conditions are lacking. Hence the present investigation was carried out to study the effects of resveratrol supplementation (5mg/kg body wt/day orally for 21 days) to combat myocardial stress induced by isoproterenol (150 mg/kg body wt single i.p) in diabetic rats. Biochemical and pathological analysis were performed to evaluate the same. In vitro studies were carried out on cardiomyocytes to complement the in vivo findings. Results confirm the protective effects of resveratrol treatment in abrogating isoproterenol-induced cardiac damage during diabetogenic conditions both in vivo and in vitro. PP-LS-29 Couroupita guianensis FLOWER EXTRACT (NAGALINGA PUSHPA): A POTENTIAL NATURAL REMEDIES FOR DENTAL CARIES Umesh R, Vijaya R, Bhanuprakash K S, and Dr. Sangita Roy. Department of Biochemistry, The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka. Dental caries are one of the most common chronic infectious diseases in the world. Bacterial plaque accumulated on dental surfaces and composed of native oral flora are the primary etiologic agent of dental caries. It is a major health problem and comprises 6090% children and vast majority of adult. Herbal remedies have a long history of use for gum and tooth problems such as dental caries. In vitro studies indicate that a variety of common oral bacteria are especially sensitive to the antimicrobial activities of many plant extract. Couroupita guianensis, commonly named as Cannonball tree, belong to the family Lecythidaceae is an indigenous tropical rainforest tree of South America and India. The antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory properties of the flower of Couroupita guianensis (nagalinga pushpa) have already been reported. In Ayurveda, nagalinga flower extracts were used as a pain reliever for dental diseases, but there is no such report of its role in dental caries and other periodontal diseases. This study is aimed to elucidate the function of Couroupita guianensis flower as a potential candidate for in vitro treatment of dental caries and a future natural medicine for dental caries.

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” PP-LS-30 ISOLATION AND SCREENING OF HEAVY METAL RESISTANT BACTERIA Usha M. Subbaiah*, Harshitha S. Chandrakumar and Harshitha Badrinath Department of Microbiology, CPGS, Jayanagar, Jain University, Bangalore 560011, India. Email: [email protected], Ph. No. +91 8041210691, Fax. +91 8041210692. ABSTRACT Out of 6 samples collected from different areas of Peenya around 55 isolates were obtained. All these 55 isolates were tested for resistance against 5 different metal salts i.e. Cadmium acetate, Ferrous sulfate, Mercuric chloride, Lead acetate and Zinc sulfate at 0.1% concentration. All the 55 isolates (100%) showed complete resistance to Ferrous sulfate. Similarly 51 isolates (93%) showed complete resistance to Zinc and 4 (7%) isolates showed 8 mm diameter of zone of inhibition. When resistance against Lead was checked 44 (80%) isolates showed complete resistance and 11 (20%) isolates showed 10 mm diameter of zone of inhibition. Among 55 isolates, 3 (5%) isolates showed complete resistance to Cadmium; 6 (11%) isolates showed 10 mm diameter of zone of inhibition against Cadmium, the rest 46 (84%) isolates showed diameter of zone of inhibition between 10-41 mm. Five (9%) out of 55 isolates showed 11 mm diameter of zone of inhibition against Mercuric chloride and the rest 50 (90%) isolates showed 12-40 mm diameter of zone of inhibition. The isolates JUHc1 and JUHd5 showed 10 mm diameter of zone of inhibition against Cadmium and Mercury, while complete resistance was shown against Lead, Ferrous and Zinc. Hence these two isolates have been selected for further studies. Keywords: Heavy metal, resistant, Bacteria

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” PP-LS-31 SEROPREVALENCE SURVEY OF RUBELLA INFECTION AMONG FEMALES OF REPRODUCING AGE (15-40) YEARS ATYTENDING RIMS, RANCHI Anupama Kumari, Suprava Sona, Natasha Rawat Department of Microbiology, The Oxford College of Science ABSTRACT Clinical or subclinical infection of rubella in pregnant mother gives rise to a handicap baby to the society. Rubella is normally a self limiting febrile illness without significant long term morbidity. Infection during pregnancy, may lead to miscarriage, fetal death or the birth of an infant with congenital rubella syndrome (CRS).It is estimated that worldwide more than 100 000 children with CRS are born each year.single blood sample was taken from 120 females of reproducing age (15-40) years visiting RIMS hospital over a period of one month. All the sera was examined by Sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) for rubella specific IgG and IgM and Chemiluminescence technique and compared the techniques for its efficiency. A questionnaire was used to collect demographic data including age, sex, previous history, previous vaccination and knowledge about rubella. Among 120 females tested for rubella infection, 95 of them was found positive for rubella IgG, representing the high level of exposure to this infection. Around 43 females were positive for IgM, representing the recent infection. And 20 of pregnant females were found to be IgM positive in the first trimester and thus a high risk of CRS. This pilot study done in one month in 120 females represent most of the district of Jharkhand. It was found that the percentage of IgG positive females were more in Jharkhand compared to Delhi and Kashmir based on the article referred. This shows low immunization coverage rate in Jharkhand.

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” PP-LS-32 AGRO WASTE AS SOURCE OF ECO-FRIENDLY NATURAL DYE FOR SILK V. Narayanaswamy1, K.N. Ninge Gowda2 & R. Sudhakar2 1Dept. 2Dept.

of Fashion & Apparel Design, The Oxford College of Sciences, Bangalore, India

of Studies in Apparel Technology & Management, Bangalore University, Bangalore, India Corresponding Author: [email protected] ABSTRACT

Dyeing component has been extracted from the bark of Swietenia macrophylla for its application on natural textile substrates viz., cotton, silk and wool. Color values and color co-ordinates were examined. The extracted dye showed excellent wash, rub and perspiration fastness and good light fastness on all the substrates. The dye was tested for some of the eco-parameters using atomic absorption spectrophotometer and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectra. The test results were compared with the set standards to determine the eco-friendliness of natural dye. Their concentrations were much below than the stipulated limits. Dyed samples were also tested for antimicrobial activity against grampositive and gram-negative bacteria and are found to possess antibacterial activity. The dye may be considered as an eco-friendly alternative for dyeing natural textile fabrics. Key words: antimicrobial activity, dyeing, heavy metal, Swietenia macrophylla, textile.

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology” PP-LS-33

ANTIDERMATOPHYTIC PROPERTIES OF TURMERIC OIL, AND CURCUMA LONGA PREPARATIONS Suhasini Badigar Department of Microbiology, the Oxford College of Collge ABSTRACT Curcuma longa L. or turmeric of the family Zingiberaceae is widely used in Thai traditional medicines for the treatment of rash, itching, tinea, and ringworm. Previous studies on turmeric oil reported effective antifungal activity against dermatophytes, a group of fungi that causes skin diseases. In this study, turmeric creams containing 6 and 10% w/w turmeric oil were prepared and tested against clinical strains of dermatophytes using broth dilution technique. Minimum fungicidal concentrations of 6 and 10% w/w turmeric creams were found to be 312 μg/mL. Ar-turmerone, a major compound separated from turmeric oil, promoted more effective antidermatophytic activity with the MICs of 1.56–6.25 μg/mL, compared to 3.90–7.81 μg/mL of standard ketoconazole. The results indicated that 6% w/w turmeric oil in the cream was suitable to be formulated as antidermatophytic preparation. Further research should be done on long-term chemical and antifungal stabilities of the preparation.

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JNANARJANA 2K14, 6 th National Scinece Conference on “Beyond the frontiers in Science & Technology”

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ANUGRAHA ENTERPRISES ISO Certified Equipments Laboratory Equipments Sales & Service Mr. Monappa Mundaje (Proprietor) No. 88, 10th Main, Narasipura Layout, Vidyaranyapura Post, Bengaluru - 560097, Karnataka, India Email: [email protected] Mob: 9448133690, 9741117179, 080-23640735

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Shri. H. K. Raja Gopal (Rajanna) Chikkanayakanahalli, Cormalaran Post, Bengaluru – 560 035

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Systronics India Limited No. 146/4, Shantala Plaza, II floor, 8th Main, 14th Cross, Malleshwaram, Bangalore 560 003. Ph: 080 – 23341126; 080 – 233622554

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Mills, Dispersers, Dry Block Heater, Heating Baths, Hot Plates, Thermostars, Centrifuges, Rotary Evaporators, Laboratory Reactors, Laboratory Software, Calorimeters, Decomposition System IKA® India Private Limited 814/475, Survey No.129/1 Mysore Road, Kengeri, 560060 Bangalore, Karnataka India Phone: +91 80 26253900 - 26253999 Fax: +91 80 26253901 E-Mail: [email protected]

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