Sound Tri Literal Verbs
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- Pages: 2
Paradigm of the Unaugmented Triliteral Verb
ﺩ ﺠﺮ ﺍ ﹸﳌﺛﻲ ﻼ ﻌ ﹺﻞ ﺍﻟﺜ ﹶ ﻔ ﺏ ﺍﻟ ﻮﺍﹶﺃﺑ
Group I - I
Group I - A
Group U - U
Group A - A
Group A - I
Group A - U
(ﺐ )ﺡ ﺴ ِ ﺣ ﺑﺎﺏ
(ﻊ )ﺱ ﻤ ﺳ ﺑﺎﺏ
(ﻡ )ﻙ ﺮ ﺑﺎﺏ ﹶﻛ
(ﺢ )ﻑ ﺘﺑﺎﺏ ﹶﻓ
(ﺏ )ﺽ ﺮ ﺿ ﺑﺎﺏ
(ﺮ )ﻥ ﺼ ﻧ ﺑﺎﺏ
ﺐ ﺴ ِﺤ ﻳ : ﺐ ﺴ ِ ﺣ
ﻊ ﻤ ﺴ ﻳ : ﻊ ﻤ ﺳ
ﻡ ﺮ ﻳ ﹾﻜ : ﻡ ﺮ ﹶﻛ
ﺢ ﺘﻳ ﹾﻔ : ﺢ ﺘﹶﻓ
ﺏ ﻀ ﹺﺮ ﻳ : ﺏ ﺮ ﺿ
ﺮ ﺼ ﻨ ﻳ : ﺮ ﺼ ﻧ
He thought
ﺐ ﺴ ِ ﺣ
He heard
ﻊ ﻤ ﺳ
He became noble
ﻡ ﺮ ﹶﻛ
He opened
ﺢ ﺘﹶﻓ
He struck or hit
ﺏ ﺮ ﺿ
He helped
ﺮ ﺼ ﻧ
He inherited
ﺙ ﻭ ﹺﺭ ﹶ
He understood
ﻢ ﹶﻓ ﹺﻬ
He moved away
ﺪ ﻌ ﺑ
He went
ﺐ ﻫ ﹶﺫ
He sat
ﺲ ﺟ ﹶﻠ
He wrote
ﺐ ﺘﹶﻛ
He played
ﺐ ﻌ ﹶﻟ
He became larger, bigger
ﺮ ﺒﹶﻛ
He bowed down
ﻊ ﺭ ﹶﻛ
He washed
ﺴ ﹶﻞ ﹶﻏ
He entered
ﺧ ﹶﻞ ﺩ
He memorized, protected
ﻆ ﻔ ﹶ ﺣ
He approached
ﺏ ﺮ ﹶﻗ
He raised
ﻊ ﺭ ﹶﻓ
He returned
ﻊ ﺟ ﺭ
He seeked
ﺐ ﹶﻃ ﹶﻠ
He drank
ﺏ ﺷ ﹺﺮ
He did
ﻌ ﹶﻞ ﹶﻓ
He descended
ﺰ ﹶﻝ ﻧ
He prostrated
ﺪ ﺠ ﺳ
He laughed
ﻚ ﺤ ﺿ
He searched
ﺚ ﺤ ﹶ ﺑ
He broke
ﺮ ﺴ ﹶﻛ
He killed
ﺘ ﹶﻞﹶﻗ
He became happy
ﺡ ﹶﻓ ﹺﺮ
He cut
ﻊ ﹶﻗ ﹶﻄ
He knew
ﻑ ﺮ ﻋ
He studied
ﺱ ﺭ ﺩ
He rode
ﺐ ﻛ ﺭ
He gathered
ﻊ ﻤ ﺟ
He lied
ﺏ ﹶﻛ ﹶﺬ
He lived
ﻦ ﺳ ﹶﻜ
He worked
ﻤ ﹶﻞ ﻋ
He prevented
ﻊ ﻨﻣ
He was patient
ﺮ ﺒﺻ
He thanked
ﺮ ﺷ ﹶﻜ
He knew
ﻢ ﻠ ﻋ
He explained
ﺡ ﺮ ﺷ
He triumphed , overpowered
ﺐ ﹶﻏ ﹶﻠ
He cooked
ﺦ ﺒﹶﻃ
He showed mercy upon
ﻢ ﺣ ﺭ
He succeeded
ﺢ ﺠ ﻧ
He carried
ﻤ ﹶﻞ ﺣ
He created
ﻖ ﺧ ﹶﻠ
He followed
ﻊ ﺗﹺﺒ
He benefited
ﻊ ﻧ ﹶﻔ
He looked
ﺮ ﻧ ﹶﻈ
He began
ﺪﹶﺃ ﺑ
He left
ﻙ ﺮ ﺗ
He asked
ﺳﹶﺄ ﹶﻝ
He attended
ﺮ ﻀ ﺣ
He read
ﺮﹶﺃ ﹶﻗ
He failed
ﺐ ﺳ ﺭ
He provided , bestowed or blessed
ﻕ ﺯ ﺭ
He remembered or mentioned
ﺮ ﹶﺫ ﹶﻛ
He worshipped
ﺪ ﺒﻋ
He came out or exited
ﺝ ﺮ ﺧ
He ordered
ﺮ ﻣ ﺃ
He ate
ﺃ ﹶﻛ ﹶﻞ
He took
ﺧ ﹶﺬ ﺃ
Sound Triliteral Verbs.doc
Page 6
The Conjugation of the Past Tense -ﻲﺎﺿﺍ ﹾﻟﻤ
ﻌ ﹸﻞ ﻔ ﺍﹾﻟ
Please remember that in Arabic Verbs the doer of the action (ﻞ ﻋ ﹸ ) ﺍﹾﻟﻔﹶﺎis ALWAYS present. Either attached or in its hidden form.
He wrote
ﻋ ﹸﻞ ﺍﹾﻟﻔﹶﺎ
Suffix
ﺮ ﺘﺘﺴ ﻣ
NIL
ﺐ ﺘﹶﻛ
ﻮ ﻫ
‘Alif’ of Dual
ﻰﻒ ﺍ ﹸﳌﹶﺜﻨ ﻟﹶﺃ
(ﻒ ﻟﺍ )ﹶﺃ
ﺍ
ﺎﺘﺒﹶﻛ
ﺎﻫﻤ
They (more than 2 men) wrote
‘Waw’ of Plural
ﺔ ﻋ ﺎﳉﻤ ﻭ ﺍ ﹶ ﻭﺍ
(ﻭ)ﻭﺍﻭ
ﺍﻭ
ﺍﺒﻮﺘﹶﻛ
ﻢ ﻫ
She wrote
‘Ta’ is the sign of feminine
ﺚ ﻴ ﺄﹺﻧﺎ ُﺀ ﺍﻟﺘﺗ
ﺮ ﺘﺘﺴ ﻣ
ﺕ
ﺖ ﺒﺘﹶﻛ
ﻲ ﻫ
(ﻒ ﻟ ﺍ ﺍ )ﹶﺃ+ ﺕ ﺎﺒﺘﺘﹶﻛ
ﺎﻫﻤ
They (2 men) wrote
They (2 women) wrote ‘Nun’ of the women kind
ﹶﻥ
ﹶﻥ
ﻦ ﺒ ﺘﹶﻛ
ﻫﻦ
You (man) wrote
ﺕ
ﺕ
ﺖ ﺒ ﺘﹶﻛ
ﺖ ﻧﺃ
You (2 men) wrote
ﺎﺗﻤ
ﺎﺗﻤ
ﺎﺘﻤﺒ ﺘﹶﻛ
ﺎﺘﻤﻧﺃ
You (more than 2 men) wrote
ﻢ ﺗ
ﻢ ﺗ
ﻢ ﺘﺒ ﺘﹶﻛ
ﻢ ﺘﻧﺃ
You (woman) wrote
ﺕ
ﺕ
ﺖ ﺒ ﺘﹶﻛ
ﺖ ﻧﺃ
You (2 women) wrote
ﺎﺗﻤ
ﺎﺗﻤ
ﺎﺘﻤﺒ ﺘﹶﻛ
ﺎﺘﻤﻧﺃ
You (more than 2 women) wrote
ﺗﻦ
ﺗﻦ
ﺘﻦﺒ ﺘﹶﻛ
ﺘﻦﻧﺃ
I (male or female) wrote
ﺕ
ﺕ
ﺖ ﺒ ﺘﹶﻛ
ﺎﺃﻧ
We (male or female) wrote
ﺎﻧ
ﺎﻧ
ﺎﺒﻨ ﺘﹶﻛ
ﻦ ﺤ ﻧ
They (more than 2 women) wrote
ﺮ ﺘﺘﺴ ﻣ - hidden, implied, understood, tacit. The
ﻒ ﻟﺃ
ﺓ ﻮ ﺴ ﻮ ﹸﻥ ﺍﻟﹺﻨﻧ
ﻋ ﹸﻞ ﺍﹾﻟﻔﹶﺎ- The subject, i.e., the doer of the action.
of the third form (ﻢ ﻫ ) is not pronounced, though it must be written. It is called ﺔ ﻳﺍﹾﻟ ﹺﻮﻗﹶﺎ
ﻒ ﻟ( ﹶﺃthe
alif of protection). It ‘protects’ verbs like ﺍﺬﻭ ﺧ ﹸ ( ﹶﺃthey took) where the ﻭis not joined to the body of the verb and therefore may be mistaken for the conjunction
ﻭ
meaning ‘and’.
Out of the fourteen forms, in 12 forms the doer is attached ( ﻞ ﺼﹲ ﻣﺘ
ﺮ ﻴ ﻤ ﺿ ). Only in two forms, i.e., ﻮ ﻫ
ﻫ it can be hidden or it comes after the verb in the sentence. and ﻲ
Sound Triliteral Verbs.doc
Page 7
ﺩ ﺠﺮ ﺍ ﹸﳌﺛﻲ ﻼ ﻌ ﹺﻞ ﺍﻟﺜ ﹶ ﻔ ﺏ ﺍﻟ ﻮﺍﹶﺃﺑ
Group I - I
Group I - A
Group U - U
Group A - A
Group A - I
Group A - U
(ﺐ )ﺡ ﺴ ِ ﺣ ﺑﺎﺏ
(ﻊ )ﺱ ﻤ ﺳ ﺑﺎﺏ
(ﻡ )ﻙ ﺮ ﺑﺎﺏ ﹶﻛ
(ﺢ )ﻑ ﺘﺑﺎﺏ ﹶﻓ
(ﺏ )ﺽ ﺮ ﺿ ﺑﺎﺏ
(ﺮ )ﻥ ﺼ ﻧ ﺑﺎﺏ
ﺐ ﺴ ِﺤ ﻳ : ﺐ ﺴ ِ ﺣ
ﻊ ﻤ ﺴ ﻳ : ﻊ ﻤ ﺳ
ﻡ ﺮ ﻳ ﹾﻜ : ﻡ ﺮ ﹶﻛ
ﺢ ﺘﻳ ﹾﻔ : ﺢ ﺘﹶﻓ
ﺏ ﻀ ﹺﺮ ﻳ : ﺏ ﺮ ﺿ
ﺮ ﺼ ﻨ ﻳ : ﺮ ﺼ ﻧ
He thought
ﺐ ﺴ ِ ﺣ
He heard
ﻊ ﻤ ﺳ
He became noble
ﻡ ﺮ ﹶﻛ
He opened
ﺢ ﺘﹶﻓ
He struck or hit
ﺏ ﺮ ﺿ
He helped
ﺮ ﺼ ﻧ
He inherited
ﺙ ﻭ ﹺﺭ ﹶ
He understood
ﻢ ﹶﻓ ﹺﻬ
He moved away
ﺪ ﻌ ﺑ
He went
ﺐ ﻫ ﹶﺫ
He sat
ﺲ ﺟ ﹶﻠ
He wrote
ﺐ ﺘﹶﻛ
He played
ﺐ ﻌ ﹶﻟ
He became larger, bigger
ﺮ ﺒﹶﻛ
He bowed down
ﻊ ﺭ ﹶﻛ
He washed
ﺴ ﹶﻞ ﹶﻏ
He entered
ﺧ ﹶﻞ ﺩ
He memorized, protected
ﻆ ﻔ ﹶ ﺣ
He approached
ﺏ ﺮ ﹶﻗ
He raised
ﻊ ﺭ ﹶﻓ
He returned
ﻊ ﺟ ﺭ
He seeked
ﺐ ﹶﻃ ﹶﻠ
He drank
ﺏ ﺷ ﹺﺮ
He did
ﻌ ﹶﻞ ﹶﻓ
He descended
ﺰ ﹶﻝ ﻧ
He prostrated
ﺪ ﺠ ﺳ
He laughed
ﻚ ﺤ ﺿ
He searched
ﺚ ﺤ ﹶ ﺑ
He broke
ﺮ ﺴ ﹶﻛ
He killed
ﺘ ﹶﻞﹶﻗ
He became happy
ﺡ ﹶﻓ ﹺﺮ
He cut
ﻊ ﹶﻗ ﹶﻄ
He knew
ﻑ ﺮ ﻋ
He studied
ﺱ ﺭ ﺩ
He rode
ﺐ ﻛ ﺭ
He gathered
ﻊ ﻤ ﺟ
He lied
ﺏ ﹶﻛ ﹶﺬ
He lived
ﻦ ﺳ ﹶﻜ
He worked
ﻤ ﹶﻞ ﻋ
He prevented
ﻊ ﻨﻣ
He was patient
ﺮ ﺒﺻ
He thanked
ﺮ ﺷ ﹶﻜ
He knew
ﻢ ﻠ ﻋ
He explained
ﺡ ﺮ ﺷ
He triumphed , overpowered
ﺐ ﹶﻏ ﹶﻠ
He cooked
ﺦ ﺒﹶﻃ
He showed mercy upon
ﻢ ﺣ ﺭ
He succeeded
ﺢ ﺠ ﻧ
He carried
ﻤ ﹶﻞ ﺣ
He created
ﻖ ﺧ ﹶﻠ
He followed
ﻊ ﺗﹺﺒ
He benefited
ﻊ ﻧ ﹶﻔ
He looked
ﺮ ﻧ ﹶﻈ
He began
ﺪﹶﺃ ﺑ
He left
ﻙ ﺮ ﺗ
He asked
ﺳﹶﺄ ﹶﻝ
He attended
ﺮ ﻀ ﺣ
He read
ﺮﹶﺃ ﹶﻗ
He failed
ﺐ ﺳ ﺭ
He provided , bestowed or blessed
ﻕ ﺯ ﺭ
He remembered or mentioned
ﺮ ﹶﺫ ﹶﻛ
He worshipped
ﺪ ﺒﻋ
He came out or exited
ﺝ ﺮ ﺧ
He ordered
ﺮ ﻣ ﺃ
He ate
ﺃ ﹶﻛ ﹶﻞ
He took
ﺧ ﹶﺬ ﺃ
Sound Triliteral Verbs.doc
Page 6
The Conjugation of the Past Tense -ﻲﺎﺿﺍ ﹾﻟﻤ
ﻌ ﹸﻞ ﻔ ﺍﹾﻟ
Please remember that in Arabic Verbs the doer of the action (ﻞ ﻋ ﹸ ) ﺍﹾﻟﻔﹶﺎis ALWAYS present. Either attached or in its hidden form.
He wrote
ﻋ ﹸﻞ ﺍﹾﻟﻔﹶﺎ
Suffix
ﺮ ﺘﺘﺴ ﻣ
NIL
ﺐ ﺘﹶﻛ
ﻮ ﻫ
‘Alif’ of Dual
ﻰﻒ ﺍ ﹸﳌﹶﺜﻨ ﻟﹶﺃ
(ﻒ ﻟﺍ )ﹶﺃ
ﺍ
ﺎﺘﺒﹶﻛ
ﺎﻫﻤ
They (more than 2 men) wrote
‘Waw’ of Plural
ﺔ ﻋ ﺎﳉﻤ ﻭ ﺍ ﹶ ﻭﺍ
(ﻭ)ﻭﺍﻭ
ﺍﻭ
ﺍﺒﻮﺘﹶﻛ
ﻢ ﻫ
She wrote
‘Ta’ is the sign of feminine
ﺚ ﻴ ﺄﹺﻧﺎ ُﺀ ﺍﻟﺘﺗ
ﺮ ﺘﺘﺴ ﻣ
ﺕ
ﺖ ﺒﺘﹶﻛ
ﻲ ﻫ
(ﻒ ﻟ ﺍ ﺍ )ﹶﺃ+ ﺕ ﺎﺒﺘﺘﹶﻛ
ﺎﻫﻤ
They (2 men) wrote
They (2 women) wrote ‘Nun’ of the women kind
ﹶﻥ
ﹶﻥ
ﻦ ﺒ ﺘﹶﻛ
ﻫﻦ
You (man) wrote
ﺕ
ﺕ
ﺖ ﺒ ﺘﹶﻛ
ﺖ ﻧﺃ
You (2 men) wrote
ﺎﺗﻤ
ﺎﺗﻤ
ﺎﺘﻤﺒ ﺘﹶﻛ
ﺎﺘﻤﻧﺃ
You (more than 2 men) wrote
ﻢ ﺗ
ﻢ ﺗ
ﻢ ﺘﺒ ﺘﹶﻛ
ﻢ ﺘﻧﺃ
You (woman) wrote
ﺕ
ﺕ
ﺖ ﺒ ﺘﹶﻛ
ﺖ ﻧﺃ
You (2 women) wrote
ﺎﺗﻤ
ﺎﺗﻤ
ﺎﺘﻤﺒ ﺘﹶﻛ
ﺎﺘﻤﻧﺃ
You (more than 2 women) wrote
ﺗﻦ
ﺗﻦ
ﺘﻦﺒ ﺘﹶﻛ
ﺘﻦﻧﺃ
I (male or female) wrote
ﺕ
ﺕ
ﺖ ﺒ ﺘﹶﻛ
ﺎﺃﻧ
We (male or female) wrote
ﺎﻧ
ﺎﻧ
ﺎﺒﻨ ﺘﹶﻛ
ﻦ ﺤ ﻧ
They (more than 2 women) wrote
ﺮ ﺘﺘﺴ ﻣ - hidden, implied, understood, tacit. The
ﻒ ﻟﺃ
ﺓ ﻮ ﺴ ﻮ ﹸﻥ ﺍﻟﹺﻨﻧ
ﻋ ﹸﻞ ﺍﹾﻟﻔﹶﺎ- The subject, i.e., the doer of the action.
of the third form (ﻢ ﻫ ) is not pronounced, though it must be written. It is called ﺔ ﻳﺍﹾﻟ ﹺﻮﻗﹶﺎ
ﻒ ﻟ( ﹶﺃthe
alif of protection). It ‘protects’ verbs like ﺍﺬﻭ ﺧ ﹸ ( ﹶﺃthey took) where the ﻭis not joined to the body of the verb and therefore may be mistaken for the conjunction
ﻭ
meaning ‘and’.
Out of the fourteen forms, in 12 forms the doer is attached ( ﻞ ﺼﹲ ﻣﺘ
ﺮ ﻴ ﻤ ﺿ ). Only in two forms, i.e., ﻮ ﻫ
ﻫ it can be hidden or it comes after the verb in the sentence. and ﻲ
Sound Triliteral Verbs.doc
Page 7
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