Separate But Equal Project81

School Integration

Two perspectives of “Sit Ins.”

Legislation

Amendments

• 14th Amendment- rights of citizenship, due process and equal protection of the laws. • 15th Amendment- right to vote regardless on that citizen's race or color.

Plessy v. Ferguson

• 1896 legislation creating the idea of “separate but equal”

Three Perspectives of integration

A Teacher’s Perspective

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A Parent’s Perspective

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A Student’s Perspective

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Colored Schools

Teachers Greenville County

Students Greenville County

Anderson County

Fountain Inn Greenville County

•1928- First Negro school in Fountain Inn area •Community growth = school additions •1948-1953 became Fountain Inn Colored High School

Fountain Inn Colored High School Greenville County

Bussing video

Brights Station Pickens County • First built in 1902 out of slabs with a rock chimney; used as both a church and a school • 2 room wooden structure erected in 1936 • 1 teacher school, grades 17 • One room used as a classroom; other room used as a kitchen/lunch room

Built in 1936

Clearview/Simpson Pickens County • 1900- 1927 Privately owned, 1 room structure • Running water but outdoor toilets • Largest Negro school in the county • Accredited in 1944

Clearview Basketball Pickens County

Soapstone Pickens County • First Negro school in Pickens; opened in 1870 • School held in this log cabin until it rotted down • Kerosene lamps used for lighting

Built in 1929

• Water from a nearby residence

Rosewood

Liberty Jr And SR Colored School

Pickens County • 1906-1968 • Grades 1-8 until 1932 • Became an elementary school in 1954 • Merged with Liberty Elementary in 1969

Holly Springs Pickens County • Built in 1899; used until 1954 • One teacher, no blackboards, and children sat on homemade benches • Used water from a church well

Allen Elementary School Greenville County • First Black school in Greenville County • Established by Rev. Charles T. Hopkins in 1866 • Built from materials taken from an abandoned army storehouse • Employed Greenville’s first black teachers (2 white teachers as well)

Flat Rock Greenville County • 4 teachers, 121 pupils • Grades 1-7 • Classrooms need adequate lighting & ventilation

School (Rosenwald)

• Water supply is inadequate School Outhouse

Sterling High School Greenville County • Established in 1869 • Only public school for blacks in Greenville for years • 1940s - extended grades to 12 years and broadened curriculum

Old South Fant Street School Anderson County

Anderson County

Anderson County “Negro” Schools

White Schools

Teachers Greenville County

Greenville Students

Greenville High Greenville County

1941- Number one school in South Carolina

Pickens Mill Pickens County

• 1926-1953 • Textile school • Progressive school of that time

Easley High School Pickens County • Built in 1894; used until 1940 • First class graduated in 1931 • Largest school in Pickens County

Paris High School Greenville County • First building was a small, two room wooden structure • 1926 - brick building built • 1930 - 235 students & 10 teachers • Up to 11th grade taught until 1949

Anderson High School Girls School

Anderson High School Boys School

A. J. Whittenberg • “The children of our race were brushed aside so long and not getting a proper education. Our children were riding three to four hours every day on buses, and on the way they were passing a lot of white schools to get to the all-Black schools. We just felt they were passing the doors of schools they should be allowed to attend.” -

Integration Legislation

Briggs v. Elliott

• 1952 - Clarendon County, South Carolina suit over school bus transportation • 1954 - Combined with 4 other suits to form Brown v. Board of Education.

Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka

• Overturned earlier rulings going back to Plessy v. Ferguson. • Unanimous (9-0) decision stated that "separate educational facilities are inherently unequal.”

Has anything changed today?

Researched & Presented by Justin Bramblett Amanda Brown Kelsey Darity Dennis Dempsey Nancy Machamer Heather Marion James Palassis Terrence Wilson

Bibliography