Seeds Of Life By Luis Almeida

MAF program support by ACIAR & AusAID

Programa MAP nian hetan suporta husi ACIAR & AusAID

Goal: “Improved food security in Timor Leste”. Purpose: “The use by farmers of improved crop varieties and associated technologies which result in increased food production”.

Objetivo: “Hasa’e Seguransa ai han iha Timor Leste”. Idea: “utiliza variedades nebe iha potensia diak no teknologia nebe apropriado atu hasa’e rezultadu produsaun ai han”.

SoL develop 2 components activities: Comp I.Conducting research & direct Kompanente II. involve farmers on new variety Capacity building: testing ): Support staff Research at research station following various centre training that On Farm Demonstration trial relevant to (OFDT) development of agriculture sector Social impact study (Sosek) Seed production and distribution

Actividades nebe programa SoL hala’o fahe ba kompanente 2 mak: Komp I.Hala’o pesquisa & diretamente involve agricultores):

Hala’o pesquisa iha Centro pesquisa Hala’o pesquisa iha to’os nain sira nia to’os (OFDT) Hala’o pesquisa hodi buka hatene impaktu implementasaun actividade (Sosek) Habarak fini hodi distribui ba to’os nain sira

Kompanente II. Hasa’e kapasidade ba staff sira: Suporta staff sira tuir treinamentu nebe relevante iha dezenvolvimento seitor agricultura

Crops tested by SoL Maize Peanuts Sweet Potatoes Rice Cassava

Alimentar nebe programa SoL koko implementa ba to’os nain sira Batar Fore rai Fehuk midar Hare Ai farina

The number of crop varieties testing at research station centre 2005/07: Crops

Number of New (Introduce) varieties

Local

Maize

27

23

4

Rice

20

19

1

Peanut

12

11

1

Sweet potato

12

10

2

Cassava

41

39

5

Total variedades husi kada alimentar ne’ebe koko iha centro pesquisa 2005/07: Alimenta

Total Foun variedades (Introdus)

Lokal

Batar

27

23

4

Hare

20

19

1

Fore rai

12

11

1

Fehuk midar

12

10

2

Ai farina

41

39

5

Integrated system of variety testing and release

Test 10-25 Varieties On Research Station

Farmers Select new Varieties

Test 1-3 Varieties on Farm

Identify new Local and introduced Varieties

Measure production and Suitability on farm

Identify Farmers Requirements Recommend new varieties

Sistema integrado koko variedade no fo rekomendasaun

Koko vareidade 10-25 Iha Centro peskiza

To’os nain hili variedades foun

Koko variedade 1-3 hamutuk ho to’os nain

Identifika variedades foun ho lokal Fo rekomendasaun ba variedade foun

Sukat produsaun no kontinua koko

Identifika To’os nain sira nia hakarak

Research Stations SOL & MAP Research Stations: •Quinta Portugal (Aileu) •Betano Research Station (Same), •Loes Research station •Fatumaca College (Baucau) •Corluli (Maliana)

Research Stations Estasaun Pesquisa MAP-SOL nian : •Quinta Portugal (Aileu) •Estasaun Pesquisa Betano (Same), •Estasaun Pesquisa Loes (Maubara) •Colegio Fatumaca (Baucau) •Corluli (Maliana)

Part of activities that conduct at research station centre: Research about: Variety adaptation (dry & wet seasons) Plant distance Seed per hill Characteristic of; cobs, tubers exp. short or tall Seed storage

Invite farmers to select ( Farmers field day) Seed production (Foundation seed) Etc

Actividades balu nebe hala’o iha centro pesquisa mak : Hala’o Pesquisa konaba: Adaptasaun varidades foun (tempo udan & Bailoro) Distancia kuda Musan kada rai kuak Karakteristika fulin, isin, badak ou naruk Sistema rai fini

Konvida to’os nain sira mai hare no koko (Loron visita ba to’os nain) Habarak Fini (Fundasaun fini) Hsst

Conducting OFDTs

• Introduce farmers to SoL program (Discuss new varieties & objectives) • Measure 5m x 5m demplots • Record data about the farmers method of planting • Visit the farmer regularly to monitor plant growth • Data collection • Harvest the demplots together with the farmers • Weigh the yields • Introduce farmers to grain bags for seed storage • Analyze data and compare results of new varieties to local varieties • Farmers feedback information

Hala’o actividade Esperimenta iha to’os nain sira nia to’os • • • • • • • • • •

Introdus programa SoL ba To’os nain sira (Hato’o konaba variedades foun & objetovo) Sukat sira nia to’os 5m X 5m Foti informasun konaba metodu to’os nain sira kuda ai horis Ba visit bei-beik to’os nain sira hodi observa kondisaun ai horis Foti dadus (kolekta dadus) Koilheta hamutuk fatin esperimenta ho to’os nain sira Tetu rezultadu Hatudu ba to’os nain sira sistema foun rai batar uza saku plastiku Analiza dadus no kompara rezultadu entre variedade foun no Lokal Hato’o fila fali informasaun ba to’os nain sira

Districts of SoL program implementation Aileu (2005) Baucau (2005) Bobonaro (2008) Ainaro-Maubesi (2008) Liqiuça (2005) Manatuto-Barique (2008) Manufahi (2005) Viqueque (2008)

Distrito hirak nebe implementa Programa SoL Aileu (2005) Baucau (2005) Bobonaro (2008) Ainaro-Maubesi (2005) Liqiuça (2005) Manatuto-Barique (2008) Manufahi (2005) Viqueque (2008)

District and number of farmers are involving on SoL program implementation 2005-2009 Total distrito 8 Village 114 OFDT ± 2000 farmers Receive seed from MAF-SoL and NGOs or others agencies ± 10000 farmers

Distrito no total to’os nain nebe inklui iha implementasaun programa SoL 2005-2009 Total distrito 8 Sucos 114 To’os nain nebe inklui iha actividade OFDT ± 2000 Nebe inklui simu fini diretamente husi MAP-soL nune’e mos NGOs ± 10000

Collaboration organizations/institutions National/Local Caritas Baucau OISCA Fundasaun Halerae Loda Santalum UNTL (Agr.Faculty)

INTERNATIONAL Care International OXFAM Hongkong UNOPS (OCAP Oecusse) World Vision CCF Concern PADRTL

Kolabora ho organizasaun/institusaun Nacional/Lokal Caritas Baucau OISCA Fundasaun Halerae Loda Santalum UNTL (Agr.Faculty)

INTERNACIONAL Care International OXFAM Hongkong UNOPS (OCAP Oecusse) World Vision CCF Concern PADRTL

Process of selection and variety release Research station results

OFDT yield results

Farmer selection

Public release from MAP and Seeds of Life

Prosessu halo seleksaun no fo sai variedades Resultadu husi estasaun pesquisa

Resultadu husi OFDT

Fo sai ba Publiku husi MAP-SoL

Selesaun husi to’os nain sira

Varieties Recommended by MAP • MAF has released 7 food crop varieties for general use. – Maize (Sele and Suwan 5) – Sweet potato (Hohrae1,2 and 3) – Peanut (Utamua) – Rice (Nakroma)

Variedades nebe MAP fo sai ou rekomenda tiha ona • MAP rekomenda tiha ona variedades 7 nebe bele uza ba publiku – – – – –

Batar (Sele & Suwan 5) Fehuk midar (Hohrae1,2 and 3) Fore rai (Utamua) Hare (Nakroma)

Why release new public variety? Base on research showing that can help to improve food security development in TL: Good adaptation of various climatic zone in TL High yield (if compare with local variety) Similar resistance to pest & disease as well local Good taste according to farmers’ opinion Can consider as increase biodiversity in TL

Tambasa fo sai/rekomenda variedades foun ba publiku?  Bazeia ba peskiza hatudu katak bele ajuda hasa’e seguransa ai han iha rai laran hanesan: Adapta diak ho iklima iha zona oi-oin iha TL Resultadu produsaun bo’ot liu (se kompara ho lokal) Resistensia ba moras ho pesti atu hanesan ho lokal Sabor han diak /gostu tuir to’os nain sira nia hakarak Bele konsidera hanesan aumenta biodiversidade iha rai laran

Maize yield comparing of New variety vs local (OFDT result) Produsaun (ton/ha)

3 2.5 2 1.5 1

2.6

2.4 1.7

0.5 0 Sele

Local Variedade

Suwan 5

Komparasaun resultadu produsaun batar Var.foun vs lokal (resultadu OFDT) Produsaun (ton/ha)

3 2.5 2 1.5 1

2.6

2.4 1.7

0.5 0 Sele

Local Variedade

Suwan 5

Rice yield comparing of New variety vs local (OFDT result) 4 3 .5 Produsaun (ton/ha)

3 2 .5 2 1 .5

3 .4

2 .8

1 0 .5 0 N a k ro m a

Lo ka l V a r ie d a d e

Komparasaun resultadu produsaun Hare Var. foun vs Lokal (resultadu OFDT) 4 3 .5 Produsaun (ton/ha)

3 2 .5 2 1 .5

3 .4

2 .8

1 0 .5 0 N a k ro m a

Lo ka l V a r ie d a d e

Sweet potato yield comparing of New variety vs local (OFDT result) 14

Produsaun (ton/ha)

12 10 8 6

12 .7

4

13.22

13.27

H ohrae 2

H ohrae 3

5.57

2 0 H oh rae 1

Local

Variedade

Komparasaun resultadu produsaun fehuk midar Var. foun vs Lokal 14

Produsaun (ton/ha)

12 10 8 6

1 2 .7

4

1 3 .2 2

1 3 .2 7

H o h ra e 2

H o h ra e 3

5 .5 7

2 0 H o h ra e 1

L o ca l

V a rie da de

Produsaun (ton/ha)

Peanuts yield comparing of New variety vs local (OFDT result) 2 1 .8 1 .6 1 .4 1 .2 1 0 .8 0 .6 0 .4 0 .2 0

1 .8 5 1 .2 2

U ta m u a

L o ka l V a rie da de

Produsaun (ton/ha)

Komparasaun resultadu produsaun fore rai Var. foun vs Lokal (resultadu OFDT) 2 1 .8 1 .6 1 .4 1 .2 1 0 .8 0 .6 0 .4 0 .2 0

1 .8 5 1 .2 2

U ta m u a

L o ka l V a rie da de

Activities of Social Economic: Cropping calendar (4 districts) A study of household consumption Impact study of new variety that SoL distribute to farmers Seed mapping Market survey

Aktividade Sosio Ekonomia: Halo kalendario cultivasaun (distrito 4 ) Buka hatene informasaun konaba konsumu ai han Hala’o studu atu buka hatene benefisio husi variedades nebe SoL dezenvolve ba to’os nain sira Mapa fini Survey mercadoria

Adoption of all tested varieties across all districts in 2006/07 Crop

Variety Maize Sele Suwan 5 Peanuts Utamua Hohrae 1 Sweet potato Hohrae 2 Hohrae 2 Rice Nakroma

% Adoption 79 76 69 57 35 69 81

Adopsaun ba variedades nebe testu iha distrito hotu 2006/07 Alimentar Batar

Variedade Sele Suwan 5 Fore rai Utamua Hohrae 1 Fehuk midar Hohrae 2 Hohrae 2 Hare Nakroma

% Adopta 79 76 69 57 35 69 81

Seed production and distribution 2008/2009 120

Yield (ton/ha)

100 80 60

100.5

40 20

38

23.5

0 Maize (Sele)

Raice (Nakrom a) Peanut (Utam ua) Crop

Fini nebe habarak no distribui ba agricultores sira iha tinan 2008/2009 Produsaun (ton/ha)

120 100 80 60

100.5

40 20

38

23.5

0 Batar (Sele)

Hare (Nakroma) Alimentar

Fore rai (Utamua)

Seed distributed of sweet potato cutting 2008/09 Total cutting distributed to farmers of 3 varieties (for the farmers who fill the list)

Year

Cutting

2008

2030

2009

69363

Total

89663

Fini Fehuk midar nebe distribui iha 2008/09 Total fini fehuk midar husi variedades 3 nebe distribui ba to’os nain sira (sira nebe hatama lista foti fini) Tinan

Fini fehuk kain

2008

2030

2009

69363

Total

89663

Type of seed population that SoL develop ? All varieties : Open pollination Varieties (OPV and (Pure line) Purpose; Farmers can use for many years, cheaper and easier relation to farmers condition in TL

SoL Program never introduce GMO or Hybrid varieties.

Tipos populasaun fini nebe programa SoL desenvolve ? Variedades hotu nebe uza mak: Variedades funan livre (OPV) & Fini linha Puru (Pure line) Ho hanoin katak to’os nain sira bele kuda iha tinan barak no baratu i fasil liu tuir kondisaun to’os nain iha TL.

Programa SoL nunka hatama variedades parte husi GMO nomos Hibrida.

All varieties use by SoL collaborating with International Crop centre: CIMMYT IRRI CIP ICRISAT CIAT

Variedades nebe SoL uza kolabora ho organizasaun/centro bo’ot dezenvolve alimentar Internacional hanesan: CIMMYT IRRI CIP ICRISAT CIAT

Collaborating technique Support from: University of Western Australia Australian National University Institute Plant Breeding of Philippines University Bogor Agriculture University (IPB) Universidade Nacional Timor Loro Sa’e (UNTL)

Kolabora hodi hetan suporta tekniku ho: University of Western Australia Australian National University Institute Plant Breeding of Philippines University Bogor Agriculture University (IPB) Universidade Nacional Timor Loro Sa’e (UNTL)

For more information visit website: http://sponsored.uwa.edu.au/sol/index or MINISTÉRIO DE AGRICULTURA E PESCAS Direcção dos Serviços de Produção Alimentar & Direcção dos Serviços de Pesquisa Fini ba Moris - PO Box 221, Dili Timor-Leste

Informasaun klaru bele hetan iha website: http://sponsored.uwa.edu.au/sol/index ou MINISTÉRIO DE AGRICULTURA E PESCAS Direcção dos Serviços de Produção Alimentar & Direcção dos Serviços de Pesquisa Fini ba Moris - PO Box 221, Dili Timor-Leste

Thank You