Sec B

ZAZOLNIZAM BIN ZAKARIA

Science – Section B

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1.

The following information shows three plants of the same type that are placed in different location. The investigation takes about two weeks. Maklumat berikut menunjukkan tiga tumbuhan yang sama jenis dan diletakkan di tempat yang berbeza. Penyiasatan dijalankan selama dua minggu. Plant J Tumbuhan J Plant K Tumbuhan K Plant L Tumbuhan L

: : : : : :

in a dark place. di tempat gelap in a shady place. di tempat teduh in a bright place. di tempat terang

The results are recorded in the table below. Keputusan direkodkan seperti dalam jadual di bawah. Plant Tumbuhan J K L

Condition of place Keadaan tempat Dark Gelap Shady Teduh Bright Terang

Condition of plants Keadaan tumbuhan Dead Mati Wilted Layu Healthy Segar

Table 1 (a).

State the aim of the investigation. Nyatakan tujuan penyiasatan ini. To investigate the relatrionship between ____________________________________ and _________________________________________________________________ Untuk menyiasat hubungan antara _________________________________________ dan _________________________________________________________________

(b).

In this investigation state, Dalam penyiasatan ini nyatakan, (i).

what is changed : ______________________________________________ dimanipulasikan

(ii).

what is observed : _______________________________________________ bergerak balas

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2.

Diagram 1 shows two plants, M and N which are put in one place. Both plants are not given water for a week. Rajah 1 menunjukkan dua tumbuhan, M dan N yang diletakkan di satu tempat.Keduaduanya tidak disiram air selama seminggu.

Plant M Tumbuhan M

Plant N Tumbuhan N Diagram 1

(a).

3.

In this experiment, state the things that; Dalam eksperimen ini, nyatakan pembolehubah berikut : i.

is changed dimanipulasikan

: ____________________________________________

ii.

is observed bergerak balas

: ____________________________________________

iii.

is kept the same dimalarkan

: ____________________________________________

In a study about the number of pupils who have flu, a group of pupils gathered information in the table below. Dalam satu kajian tentang bilangan murid yang menghidap selsema, sekumpulan murid mengumpul maklumat seperti di bawah. Day Hari Monday Isnin Tuesday Selasa Wednesday Rabu Thursday flu Khamis Friday Jumaat

Number of pupils having flu Bilangan murid menghidap selsema 2 4 6

10 Table 2

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(a).

State the pattern of the change in the number of pupils who have flu. Nyatakan pola perubahan bilangan murid yang menghidap selsema. _____________________________________________________________________

(b)

Predict the number of pupils having flu on Thursday. Ramalkan bilangan murid menghidap selsema pada hari Khamis. _____________________________________________________________________

(c).

(d).

In this investigation, state what is Dalam penyiasatan ini, nyatakan apakah i.

changed dimanipulasikan

: ____________________________________________

ii.

observed bergerak balas

: ___________________________________________

What conclusion can be made from the study above? Apakah kesimpulan yang boleh dibuat daripada kajian di atas? When the ____________________ increases / decreases, the __________________ _____________________________increases / decreases Apabila __________________ bertambah / berkurang, maka ____________________ ____________________________________ bertambah / berkurang.

4.

In a study about chicken pox, a group of pupils gathered information in the bar chart below. Dalam satu kajian tentang demam campak, sekumpulan murid mengumpul maklumat seperti dalam carta bar di bawah. Number of patients Bilangan pesakit

100 – 90 – 80 – 70 – 60 – 50 – 40 – 30 – 20 – 10 – 2003

2004

2005 2006 Diagram 2

2007

Year Tahun

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(a).

Name the thing that is Namakan benda yang i. changed : _________________________________________________ dimanipulasikan ii.

(b).

observed : _________________________________________________ bergerak balas

Based on the information gathered, write one statement relating the two things in (a). Berdasarkan maklumat yang didapati, tulis satu kenyataan berhubung dua perkara dalam (a). If the ___________________ increases / decreases, the _______________________ _____________________________ increases / decreases. Jika ____________________ bertambah / berkurang, maka ____________________ ______________________________ bertambah / berkurang.

(c).

Based on the bar chart, state the pattern of the change in the number of patients. Berdasarkan carta bar. Nyatakan corak perubahan bilangan pesakit. _____________________________________________________________________

5.

The following table shows the number of tigers found in a jungle. Jadual di bawah menunjukkan bilangan harimau yang dijumpai dalam sebuah hutan. Year Tahun Number of tiger Bilangan harimau

2000

2002

2004

2006

26

22

18

14

2008

Table 3

(a).

What is the aim of this investigation? Apakah tujuan penyiasatan ini? To investigate the relationship between the ______________________________ and the __________________________________________________________________ Untuk menyiasat hubungan antara _____________________________________ dan _____________________________________________________________________

(b).

Based on the investigation, state the following that is: Berdasarkan penyiasatan ini, nyatakan maklumat berikut: i.

changed ( manipulated variable): dimanipulasikan _______________________________________________________________

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ii.

(c).

measured (responding variable): bergerak balas _______________________________________________________________

Predict the number of tigers in 2008? Ramalkan bilangan harimau pada tahun 2008? ____________________________________________(Jawapan dalam bentuk angka)

(d).

What can you conclude from the investigation? Apakah kesimpulan yang boleh dibuat daripada penyiasatan ini? When the ________________ increases / decreases, the ______________________ ________________________ increases / decreases. Apabila ___________________ bertambah / berkurang, maka ___________________ ___________________________ bertambah / berkurang.

6.

A group of pupils carried out an investigation on three pieces of bread of the same size. They sprinkled different amount of water on the bread as shown in Diagram 3. Sekumpulan murid menjalankan penyiasatan ke atas tiga keping roti yang sama saiz. Mereka merenjis ke atas roti dengan jumlah air yang berbeza seperti yang ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 3 di bawah.

Bread K Roti K Sprinkled with one teaspoon of water Direnjis dengan satu sudu air

Bread L Roti L

Bread M Roti M

Sprinkled with three teaspoon of water Direnjis dengan tiga sudu air

Sprinkled with six teaspoon of water Direnjis dengan enam sudu air

Diagram 3

The condition of the bread after three days is shown in Table 4. Kedaan roti selepas tiga hari ditunjukkan dalam Jadual 4. Bread Roti Number of mould spots Bilangan tompokan kulat

K

L

M

3

6

15

Table 4

(a).

In this investigation, Dalam penyiasatan ini,

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(b).

i.

what is changed : ________________________________________________ dimanipulasikan

ii.

what is observed : ________________________________________________ bergerak balas

What can you conclude from the investigation ? Apakah kesimpulan daripada penyiasatan ini ? When the _____________________________________ increases / decrease decreases, the _____________________________________________ increases / decreases. Apabila ______________________________________ bertambah / berkurang, maka ____________________________________________ bertambah / berkurang.

7.

Aimiliyana carried out an investigation to find out the relationship between sources of food and the number of consumers. The investigation involved rats and owls in a paddy field. The investigation took 4 weeks. Amiliyana menjalankan penyiasatan untuk mencari hubungan di antara sumber makanan dan bilangan pengguna.Penyiasatan ini melibatkan tikus dan burung hantu di kawasan sawah padi.Penyiasatan ini mengambil masa selama 4 minggu.

Diagram 4 vations were recorded in the following table. The observations Penyiasatan direkodkan dalam jadual di bawah. Week Minggu Number of owl Bilangan burung hantu Number of rat Bilangan tikus

1

2

3

4

5

7

9

11

35

28

22

17

Table 5

(a)

State two things that are observed in the investigation. Nyatakan dua perkara yang diperhatikan dalam penyiasatan ini. _____________________________________________________________________

(b)

State the pattern of the change in the number of rat.. Nyatakan corak perubahan pada bilangan tikus. _____________________________________________________________________

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(c).

State the relationship between the things that you have mentioned in (a). Nyatakan hubungan di antara dua perkara yang telah kamu nyatakan di (a). If the ______________________________ increases / decreases, the ____________ ________________________________ increases / decreases. Jika _______________________________ bertambah / berkurang, maka _________

(d)

___________________________________ bertambah / berkurang. Predict the number of rat in week 5 Ramalkan bilangan tikus pada minggu kelima. _____________________________________________________________________

8.

Rafiq carried out an investigation to find out the volume of 5 marbles. He poured 30 cm³ of water into a measuring cylinder. He used marbles of the same size and dropped the marbles, one at a time, into the cylinder as shown in diagram 5. The volume of water was recorded each time he dropped the marbles as shown in table 6. Rafiq menjalankan penyiasatan untuk mencari isipadu 5 biji guli. Dia menuang 30 sm³ air ke dalam silinder penyukat. Dia menggunakan guli yang sama saiz dan memasukkan guli sebiji demi sebiji ke dalam silinder yang ditunjukkan dalam rajah 5. Isipadu air dicatatkan setiap kali dia memasukkan guli seperti ditunjukkan dalam jadual 6. 60

60

50

50

40

40

30

30

20

20

10

10

marble guli

Diagram 5 The number of marble Bilangan guli Volume of water ( cm³ ) Isipadu air ( sm³ )

0

1

2

3

4

5

30

34

38

42

46

50

Table 6

(a).

What is kept the same in this investigation? Apakah yang dimalarkan dalam penyiasatan ini. _____________________________________________________________________

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(b).

Name the thing that is measured. Namakan perkara yang diukur.(bergerak balas ) _____________________________________________________________________

(c).

What is the aim of the investigation? Apakah tujuan penyiasatan ini? To investigate the relationship between the __________________________________ and _________________________________________________________________ Untuk menyiasat hubungan antara _________________________________________ dan _________________________________________________________________

9.

NorHanisah from 4 Sawi carried out an investigation on the swinging of a pendulum of different length as shown in diagram 6 below. Norhanisah dari Kelas 4 Sawi menjalankan penyiasatan ke atas ayunan bandul dengan perbezaan panjang tali seperti ditunjukkan rajah 6 di bawah. string tali pendulum bob bandul

Diagram 6

Table 7 shows the result. Jadual 7 menunjukkan keputusan. Length of string Panjang tali 20 cm 25 cm 30 cm

Number of swings in 30 seconds Jumlah ayunan dalam 30 saat 28 23 18 Table 7

(a).

State the following : Nyatakan : i. Fixed Variable dimalarkan ii.

: ___________________________________________

Responding Variable : ___________________________________________ Bergerak balas

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(b).

Predict the number of swings in 30 seconds if the length of string is 35 cm . Ramalkan jumlah ayunan dalam 30 saat jika panjang talinya 35 sm. ____________________________________________________________________

(c).

State the hypothesis in this investigation. Nyatakan hipotesis dalam penyiasatan ini. If the ___________________________________________ increases / decreases, the _______________________________________________ increases / decreases. Jika _________________________________________ bertambah / berkurang, maka _____________________________________________ bertambah / berkurang.

10.

Najihah carries out an investigation using three towels of the same type and size. She pours three different volumes of water onto each towel as shown in diagram 6 below. Najihah menjalankan satu penyiasatan menggunakan tiga tuala yang sama jenis dan saiz.Dia menuang isipadu air yang berbeza ke atas setiap tuala seperti yang ditunjukkan dalam rajah 6 di bawah.

Diagram 7

The result of the mass of the towels after absorbing water are as recorded in Table 8 . Keputusan menunjukkan berat tuala selepas menyerap air direkodkan dalam jadual 8. Towel Tuala Mass (g) Berat

X

Y

Z

150

200

250

Table 8

(a) i.

ii.

(b)

State the following : Manipulated variable : ____________________________________________ Dimanipulasikan Responding variable : _____________________________________________ Bergerak balas

What is the aim of the investigation ? Apakah tujuan penyiasatan ini ? To investigate the relationship between the __________________________________ and _________________________________________________________________

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Untuk menyiasat hubungan antara _________________________________________ dan _________________________________________________________________ (c)

State the trend of change in the mass of the towels. Nyatakan pola perubahan berat tuala. _____________________________________________________________________

11.

An experiment was carried out by Hafizuddin by placing 50 sen coins on a pan attached to a spring as shown in diagram 7. The length of the spring was measured. Eksperimen dijalankan oleh Hafizudin dengan meletakkan syiling 50 sen di atas dulang yang dihubungkan oleh spring seperti ditunjukkan dalam rajah 7.Panjang spring disukat. spring spring 50 sen coin syiling 50 sen

Diagram 8

Table 9 shows the results of the experiment. Jadual 9 menunjukkan keputusannya. Number of 50 sen coins Length of spring (cm) Bilangan syiling 50 sen Panjang spring ( sm ) 0 8 2 10 4 X 6 14 Table 9

(a).

State the following : Nyatakan : i. Manipulated variable : ____________________________________________ Dimanipulasikan ii.

(b).

Responding variable : ____________________________________________ Bergerak balas

What is the aim of the investigation ? Apakah tujuan penyiasatan ini ? _____________________________________________________________________

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(c).

Predict the lenth of spring when four 50 sen coins is put on the pan. Ramalkan panjang spring bila empat syiling 50 sen diletakkan ke dalam dulang. _____________________________________________________________________

(d).

State the trend of change in the length of the spring. Nyatakan pola perubahan pemanjangan spring. _____________________________________________________________________

12.

An investigation was carried out by Eizul on the temperatures of hot water in two beakers. One of the beakers was wrapped with towel. He poured 300 ml hot water into each beaker. The temperatures of the hot water in the beakers was measured every 2 minutes for a period of 8 minutes. Penyiasatan dijalankan oleh Eizul ke atas suhu air panas di dalam dua bikar.Satu daripada bikar dibalut dengan tuala.Dia menuang 300 ml air panas ke dalam setiap bikar.Suhu air panas di dalam kedua-dua bekas disukat setiap 2 minit untuk jangka masa 8 minit. Thermometer Termometer

Towel Tuala

X

Diagram 9

Y

Table 10 shows the results of the investigation. Jadual 10 menunjukkan keputusan penyiasatan. Time (minutes ) Masa (minit) Temperature of water in beaker X ( º C ) Suhu air dalam bikar X ( º C ) Temperature of water in beaker Y ( º C ) Suhu air dalam bikar Y ( º C )

0

2

4

6

8

94

80

75

66

54

94

90

86

82

78

Table 10

(a)

State the following : Nyatakan i. Fixed variable Dimalarkan

: ___________________________________________

ii.

Manipulated variable Dimanipulasikan

: ___________________________________________

iii.

Responding variable Bergerak balas

: ____________________________________________

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(b).

State the hypothesis for this investigation. Nyatakan hipotesis untuk penyiasatan ini. _____________________________________________________________________

13.

An investigation was carried out by Puan Hidayah to find out the ability of material to absorb water. Three types of materials were placed in trays A, B and C respectively as shown in diagram below. After 2 minutes , the materials were removed from the trays. The remaining water in each tray was poured into a measuring cylinder. Satu penyiasatan dijalankan oleh Puan Hidayah mencari keupayaan bahan untuk menyerap air.Tiga jenis bahan diletakkan dalam dulang masing-masing A,B dan C seperti yang ditunjukkan dalam rajah di bawah.Selepas 2 minit,bahan itu dikeluarkan daripada dulang.Baki air dalam setiap dulang dituang ke dalam silinder penyukat. Diaper Kain lampin

Rag Kain buruk

Paper Kertas

Diagram 10

(a).

(b).

State the following : Nyatakan i.

Manipulated variable : ____________________________________________ Dimanipulasikan

ii.

Responding variable : ____________________________________________ Bergerak balsas

iii.

Fixed variables Dimalarkan

: ____________________________________________

What is the aim of the investigation ? Apakah tujuan penyiasatan ini ? _____________________________________________________________________

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14.

Mohd Faiz from 4 Mawar conducted an investigation using the apparatus set up as shown in diagram 10 . Three objects are placed into the hot water at the same time. Mohd Faiz dari 4 Mawar menjalankan penyiasatan menggunakan peralatan yang disediakan seperti ditunjukkan dalam rajah 10.Tiga objek diletakkan ke dalam air panas pada waktu yang sama.

pembaris logam

air panas

rod kaca sudu plastik

air panas

air panas Diagram 11

He touches the objects from time to time and record the findings as below. Dia menyentuh objek dari masa ke semasa dan mencatat penemuannya seperti di bawah. Type of objects Jenis objek Conductivity of heat Mengalirkan haba

Metal ruler Pembaris logam Fastest to become hot Paling cepat panas

Glass rod Rod kaca

Plastic spoon Sudu plastik

Faster to become hot Cepat panas

Slowest to become hot Lambat panas

Table 11 (a).

(b).

State the following : Nyatakan i.

Fixed variable Dimalarkan

: ____________________________________________

ii.

Manipulated variable : ____________________________________________ Dimanipulasikan

What is the aim of the investigation ? Apakah tujuan penyiasatan ini ? _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________

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15.

Table 11 shows the positions of four planets and the time taken to orbit the sun. Jadual 11 menunjukkan kedudukan empat planet dan masa yang diambil untuk mengelilingi matahari. Planet Planet Earth Bumi Mars Marikh Jupiter Musytari Neptune Neptun

(a).

Position from the sun Kedudukan dari matahari Third Ketiga Fourth Keempat Fifth Kelima Eighth Kelapan Table 12

Time taken to orbit the sun Masa diambil untuk mengelilingi matahari 365 ¼ days 365¼ hari 687 days 687 hari 12 years 12 tahun 165 years 165 tahun

What is kept the same in this investigation. Apakah yang dimalarkan dalam penyiasatan ini. _____________________________________________________________________

(b).

What is the trend of change in time taken for the planets to orbit the sun ? Apakah pola perubahan masa diambil bagi planet-planet mengelilingi matahari ? _____________________________________________________________________

(c)

State the relationship between the distance of a planet from the sun and the time taken to orbit the sun. Nyatakan hubungan di antara jarak planet dari matahari dan masa yang diambil untuk mengelilingi matahari. _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________

16.

The following Table 12 shows data gathered by a group of pupils from SK Kota Setia.

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Jadual 12 menunjukkan data yang didapati oleh sekumpulan murid daripada SK Kota Setia.

Planet Planet

Distance from the Sun (million km) Jarak dari Matahari (juta km)

R S T U V

150 780 1430 2870 4500

Time taken to make one complete orbit around the Sun (year) Masa diambil untuk membuat satu pusingan mengelilingi Matahari(tahun) 1 12 30 84 165

Table 12

(a).

What is the aim of the investigation ? Apakah tujuan penyiasatan ini ? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________

(b).

What is the trend for the time taken to make one complete orbit around the Sun ? Apakah pola masa diambil untuk membuat satu pusingan mengelilingi Matahari ? ____________________________________________________________________

(c).

State the relationship between the distance from the Sun and the time taken to make one complete orbit around the Sun. Nyatakan hubungan di antara jarak dari Matahari dengan masa diambil untuk membuat satu pusingan mengelilingi Matahari. ____________________________________________________________________

(d)

Planet P takes 6 years to make one complete orbit around the Sun.Predict the position of planet P. Planet P mengambil masa 6 tahun untuk membuat satu pusingan mengelilingi Matahari.Ramalkan kedudukan planet P. ____________________________________________________________________

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17.

Diagram 11 shows the positions of three planets from the Sun. Rajah 11 menunjukkan kedudukan tiga planet dari Matahari.

Sun Matahari

X

Z

Y

Diagram 12

Table 13 shows the period for one complete orbit of the planets around the Sun. Jadual 13 menunjukkan tempoh masa planet untuk mengelilingi Matahari. Planet Planet X Y Z

Period for one complete orbit (years) Tempoh masa melengkapkan satu pusingan(tahun) 2 12 84 Table 13

(a).

What is the aim of the investigation ? Nyatakan tujuan penyiasatan ini? ____________________________________________________________________

(b).

What is the relationship between the position of the planet and the period for one complete orbit of the planet round the Sun? Apakah hubungan di antara kedudukan planet dengan tempoh masa planet untuk melengkapkan satu pusingan? _____________________________________________________________________

(c).

Planet S takes 76 years to make one complete orbit around the Sun. Predict the position of planet S. Planet S mengambil masa 76 tahun untuk membuat satu pusingan lengkap mengelilingi Matahari. Ramalkan kedudukan Planet S. _____________________________________________________________________

MV

: _______________________________________ ( ________________ )

RV

: _______________________________________ ( ________________ )

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18.

Table 14 shows the average surface temperature of each planet in the Solar System. Jadual 14 menunjukkan purata suhu permukaan setiap planet di dalam Sistem Solar. Planet Planet Mercury Utarid Venus Zuhrah Earth Bumi Mars Marikh Jupiter Musytari Saturn Zuhal Uranus Uranus Neptune Neptun Pluto Pluto

Average surface temperature of planet ( º C ) Purata suhu permukaan planet ( °C ) 440 430 22 -23 -150 -180 -210 -211 -230 Table 14

(a).

What is the aim of the investigation ? Apakah tujuan penyiasatan ini? _____________________________________________________________________

(b).

What is the trend of the average surface temperature of planets from Mercury to Pluto ? Apakah pola purata suhu permukaan planet daripada Marikh ke Pluto? ____________________________________________________________________

(c).

State the hypothesis of this investigation. Nyatakan hipotesis dari penyiasatan ini. _____________________________________________________________________

MV

: _______________________________________ ( ________________ )

RV

: _______________________________________ ( ________________ )

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19.

Diagram 13 below shows the orbit of planets around the Sun in the Solar System. Rajah 13 di bawah menunjukkan orbit planet mengelilingi Matahari dalam Sistem Solar.

Jupiter Musytari Sun Matahari Mars Marikh

Pluto Pluto

Uranus Uranus

Saturn Zuhal

Neptune Neptun

Diagram 13

(a).

What is the aim of the investigation ? Apakah tujuan penyiasatan ini ? _____________________________________________________________________

(b).

Which planet has the largest orbit ? Planet yang manakah mempunyai orbit yang paling besar? _____________________________________________________________________

(c).

State a relationship between the distance of planet from the sun and the size of orbit of planet. Nyatakan hubungan di atara jarak planet dari matahari dan saiiz . _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________

MV

: _______________________________________ ( ________________ )

RV

: _______________________________________ ( ________________ )

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20.

A group of pupils from SK Bota Kanan carried out an investigation to lift a load of 600g using different pulley systems as shown in Diagram 14. Sekumpulan murid daripada SK Bota Kanan menjalankan penyiasatan untuk mengangkat beban 600g menggunakan sistem takal seperti rajah 14. Daya 300N

Daya 150N

Beban 600g

Beban 600g

Diagram 14

(a).

(b).

State the following : Nyatakan i.

Fixed Variable Dimalarkan

: ___________________________________________

ii.

Manipulated Variable Dimanipulasikan

:____________________________________________

iii.

Responding Variable Bergerak balas

: ___________________________________________

What is the aim of this investigation ? Nyatakan tujuan penyiasatan ini ? _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________

(c).

What is the conclusion for this investigation ? Nyatakan kesimpulan daripada penyiasatan ini ? _____________________________________________________________________

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21.

(a).

Shafiq carried out an investigation with gears of four different diameters. Each gear is fixed one at a time onto the position of gear Y. The iron chain is then spun around as shown in Diagram 15. The number of rotations made by gear Y when gear X completes one full rotation is recorded in Table 15. Shafiq menjalan satu penyiasatan dengan menggunakan gear yang berbeza diameter.Setiap gear dipasang pada satu masa pada kedudukan gear Y. Kemudian rantai besi dipusing sekililing seperti dalam rajah 15. Bilangan kali pusingan yang dibuat oleh Gear Y apabila Gear X membuat satu pusingan lengkap adalah direkodkan dalam jadual 15.

Diagram 15 Diameter of gear Y (cm) 2 4 6 8 Diameter gear Y (sm) Number of rotations made by Y 12 10 8 5 Bilangan pusingan dibuat oleh Y Table 15 State the following : Nyatakan i. Manipulated Variable : ___________________________________________ Dimanipulasikan ii.

(b).

Responding Variable Bergerak balas

: ___________________________________________

What is the aim of the investigation ? Apakah tujuan penyiasatan ini ? ____________________________________________________________________

(c).

What is the trend for the number of rotations made by gear Y for a complete rotation of gear X as the diameter gear Y increase ? Apakah pola bilangan pusingan dibuat oleh gear Y untuk melengkapkan pusingan gear X jika diameter gear Y bertambah ? _____________________________________________________________________

(d).

What is the conclusion from this investigation ? Apakah kesimpulan berdasarkan penyiasatan ini ? _____________________________________________________________________

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22.

Hashim is carrying out an investigation. Diagram 16 shows Hashim is trying to move a load by using a lever. He finds that it is difficult to move the load. Hashim menjalankan satu penyiasatan.Rajah 16 menunjukkan Hashim cuba menggerakkan beban dengan menggunakan tuas.Dia mendapati amat susah untuk menggerakkan beban itu.

load beban Fulcrum Diagram 16

Then Hashim moves the fulcrum closer to the load as shown in Diagram 17. He finds that it is easier to move the load. Kemudian Hashim meggerakkan fulcrum rapat kea rah beban seperti dalam rajah 17. Dia mendapati lebih mudah untuk menggerakkan beban itu.

load beban Fulcrum Diagram 17

(a).

State the following : Nyatakan i. Manipulated Variable : ____________________________________________ Dimanipulasikan ii.

(b).

Responding Variable : ____________________________________________ Bergerak balas What is the purpose of the investigation? Nyatakan tujuan penyiasatan ini ? _____________________________________________________________________

(c).

Make a hypothesis for the investigation above. Buat satu hipotesis untuk penyiasatan di atas. _____________________________________________________________________

(d).

What is the conclusion from this investigation? Apakah kesimpulan dari penyiasatan ini ? _____________________________________________________________________

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23.

Mirza Azhar is carrying out an investigation. He is trying to lift the different mass of load by stacking the books one at a time on the other end of the plank. The number of books needed to lift the bag is recorded in the graph below. Mirza Azhar menjalankan penyiasatan.Dia cuba mengangkat berat beban yang berbeza dengan melonggokkan buku pada satu masa pada hujung kayu.Bilangan buku yang diperlukan untuk mengangkat beg direkodkan seperti dalam graf di bawah.

plank papan 70cm

load beban

Number of book

30cm

25 20 15 10 5 0 1

2

3

Mass of bag(kg) Berat beg (kg)

Diagram 18 (a).

What is the fixed variable in this investigation? Apakah pembolehubah dimalarkan dalam penyiasatan ini? _____________________________________________________________________

(b).

What is the aim of the investigation ? Apakah tujuan penyiasatan ini ? _____________________________________________________________________

(c).

What is the conclusion from this investigation ? Apakah kesimpulan daripada penyiasatan ini? _____________________________________________________________________

MV

: _______________________________________ ( ________________ )

RV

: _______________________________________ ( ________________ )

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24.

The diagram below shows an apparatus and materials that can be used in an investigation. The time for the wheel barrow to go up the plank to carry the different amount of sand is recorded. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan peralatan dan bahan yang digunakan dalam penyiasatan.Masa untuk kereta sorong naik ke atas papan membawa jumlah pasir yang berbeza direkodkan. Stop watch sand pasir

s

pail

Jam randik

Plank Papan

wheel barrow kereta sorong

Diagram 19 Amount of sand Jumlah pasir Time for wheel barrow to go up (minutes) Masa untuk kereta sorong naik ke atas ( minit ) Table 16

(a).

(b).

1 pail I baldi

2 pails 2 baldi

3 pails 3 baldi

1

2

3

State the following : Nyatakan i.

Manipulated Variable Dimanipulasikan

: ___________________________________________

ii.

Responding Variable Bergerak balas

: ____________________________________________

What is the purpose of the investigation ? Apakah tujuan penyiasatan ini ? _____________________________________________________________________

(c).

What is the relationship between the manipulated variable and the responding variable from this investigation ? Apakah hubungan di antara pembolehubah dimanipulasikan dengan pembolehubah bergerak balas daripada penyiasatan ini ? _____________________________________________________________________

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25.

The diagram shows the apparatus used in an investigation. Rajah menunjukkan peralatan yang digunakan dalam satu penyiasatan.

Light source Sumber cahaya

Cube Kiub

Screen Skrin

Diagram 20

(1) (2) (3) (4)

Instructions: Arahan Turn on the light source Hidupkan sumber cahaya Measure the height of the shadow formed on the screen Sukat ketinggian bayang-bayang yang terbentuk. Record the observation Catatkan penyiasatan Repeat the activity by placing the cube nearer to the screen Ulangi aktiviti dengan mendekatkan lagi kiub ke arah skrin

Result / Keputusan Distance of cube from the screen (cm) Jarak kiub dari skrin ( sm ) Height of the shadow formed (cm) Ketinggian bayang-bayang yang terbentuk (sm)

40

35

30

25

20

17

15

13

11

9

Table 17 (a).

What is the aim of the investigation above? Apakah tujuan penyiasatan di atas? ___________________________________________________________________

(b).

State the pattern of change in the height of the shadow formed. Nyatakan pola perubahan ketinggian bayang-bayang yang terbentuk.

_____________________________________________________________________ (c).

Write down two variables from the investigation above. Tulis dua pembolehubah daripada penyiasatan di atas. ______________________________________________________________________

(d).

Make a hypothesis for the investigation above. Nyatakan hipotesis untuk penyiasatan di atas. ______________________________________________________________________

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26.

Fadilah and Shahril carried out an investigation using the apparatus as shown below. Fadilah dan Shahril menjalankan penyiasatan menggunakan peralatan seprti di bawah. wire wayar

candle lilin

iron ball bola besi Diagram 21

Shahril heated the wire by using a candle. The length of the wire increased every 2 minutes and the results were recorded in the table below. Shahril memanaskan wayar menggunakan lilin.Panjang wayar bertambah setiap 2 minit dan keputusan dicatatkan dalam jadual di bawah. Period of heating (minute) Tempoh pemanasan (minit) 0 2 4 6 8

Length of the wire (cm) Panjang wayar (sm) 8.0 8.5 9.0 9.5 10.0

Table 18

(a).

What is the aim of the investigation above? Apakah tujuan penyiasatan di atas? ____________________________________________________________________

(b).

State the thing that is Nyatakan i. changed dimanipulasikan ii.

(c).

observed bergerak balas

: ____________________________________________

: ____________________________________________

State the relationship between the period of heating and the length of wire. Nyatakan hubungan di antara tempoh masa pemanasan dan panjang wayar. ____________________________________________________________________

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27.

Diagram 21 shows three circuits that are prepared by Asmah in an investigation. Rajah 21 menunjukkan tiga litar disediakan oleh Asmah dalam satu penyiasatan.

R

S

T

Diagram 21

The table below shows the results of this experiment after the switches are turned on. Jadual di bawah menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen ini apabila suis dihidupkan. Circuit Litar R S T

The number of dry cells Bilangan sel kering 1 2 3

Brightness of the bulb Kecerahan mentol Dim / Malap Bright / Terang Brightest / Paling terang

Table 19

(a)

What does Asmah want to find out from the experiment? Apakah tujuan Asmah menjalankan eksperimen? ____________________________________________________________________

(b)

Based on the experiment, state the following. Berdasarkan eksperimen, nyatakan i. what is changed : ____________________________________________ dimanipulasikan ii.

(c)

what is observed bergerak balas

: ____________________________________________

State the relationship between what to change and what to observe. _____________________________________________________________________ The brightness of a bulb depends on the number of bulbs. Kecerahan mentol bergantung kepada bilangan mentol.

(d).

Write a hypothesis based on the statement above. Tuliskan hipotesis berdasarkan pernyataan di atas. _____________________________________________________________________

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28.

A group of pupils carried out an activity using model cars. The bar chart below shows the information they have obtained. Sekumpulan murid menjalankan aktiviti menggunakan model kereta. Carta bar di bawah menunjukkan maklumat yang didapati. Speed of model car/m/s Kelajuan model kereta/m/s

30 25 20 15 10 5

Number of dry cell Bilangan sel kering

1

2

3

4

5

6

Diagram 22

(a)

What is the aim of the fair test? Apakah tujuan ujikaji ini? _____________________________________________________________________

(b).

(c)

In this fair test, Dalam ujikaji ini, i.

what is changed? dimanipulasikan?

: ____________________________________________

ii.

what is observed? bergerak balas?

: ____________________________________________

What is the relationship between the number of dry cells and the speed of cars? Apakah hubungan di antara bilangan sel kering and kelajuan kereta? ______________________________________________________________________

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29.

Diagram 23 shows an investigation that was carried out by Amir. He records the number of complete swings in 30 seconds for a pendulum with different lengths. Rajah 23 menunjukkan penyiasatan yang dijalankan oleh Amir. Dia catat bilangan ayunan lengkap dalam 30 saat oleh bandul dengan panjang yang berbeza.

string tali

pendulum bandul Diagram 23

Table 18 shows the result recorded by Amir. Jadual 18 menunjukkan keputusan yang dicatat oleh Amir. Length of pendulum (cm) Panjang bandul (sm) Number of complete swings Jumlah ayunan lengkap

10

20

30

40

50

40

36

32

28

24

Table 20

(a).

State the aim for the above investigation. Nyatakan tujuan penyiasatan di atas. _____________________________________________________________________

(b).

State the following based on the above investigation. Nyatakan perkara berikut berdasarkan penyiasatan di atas. i.

What is changed Dimanipulasikan

: ____________________________________________

ii.

What is measured : ____________________________________________ Bergerakbalas

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30.

The bar chart below shows the result of a fair test when the towel is being dried inside the room with different temperatures. Carta bawah di bawah menunjukkan keputusan uji kaji bila tuala dikeringkan di dalam bilik dengan suhu yang berlainan. Time taken for towel to dry (minute) Masa diambil untuk tuala kering(minit)

60 – 50 – 40 – 30 – 20 – 10 – 27

(a).

29

31

33 Diagram 24

Room temperature (°C) Suhu bilik(°C)

State the change of pattern in the time taken for the towel to dry. Nyatakan perubahan pola masa yang diambil untuk tuala mengering. _____________________________________________________________________

(b).

What is the aim of this fair test ? Apakah tujuan uji kaji ini ? _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________

(c).

State the relationship between what you changed and measured above. Nyatakan hubunan di antara pemboleubah dimanipulasi dan bergerak balas.

_____________________________________________________________________

MV

: _______________________________________

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RV

: _______________________________________

31.

The diagram shows a set of apparatus that was used in an investigation. Rajah menunjukkan peralatan yang digunakan untuk satu penyiasatan.

X

Y

Z

Diagram 25

Ramli pours 150ml of water into each container and places the containers at the school field. The time needed to evaporate 150ml water for each container is shown in the Table below. Ramli memasukkan 150ml air ke dalam setiap bekas dan melatakkan bekas di padang sekolah.Masa diperlukan untuk 150 ml air tersejat pada setiap bekas seperti yang ditunjukkan dalam jadual di bawah. Container Bekas X Y Z

Time of evaporation (day) Masa penyejatan (hari) 2 6 3 Table 21

(a).

State the aim of the investigation above. Nyatakan tujuan penyiasan di atas. _____________________________________________________________________

(b).

State two things that were observed. Nyatakan dua perkara yang perlu dikenal pasti. _____________________________________________________________________

(c).

What is the relationship between the things that were mentioned in (b)? Apakah hubungan di antara dua perkara yang kamu nyatakan di (b)? _____________________________________________________________________

(d).

Make a hypothesis for the investigation above. Buat satu hipotesis untuk penyiasatan di atas. _____________________________________________________________________

MV

: _______________________________________ ( ________________ )

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RV

: _______________________________________ ( ________________ )

32.

Year 5 Bestari carried out an investigation on the melting of ice. An ice cube was placed into four beakers which contained 100 ml of water with different temperatures. The table below shows the result of the investigation. Tahun 5 Bestari menjalankan penyiasatan ke atas peleburan ais.Setiap kiub ais diletakkan ke dalam setiap bikar yang mengandungi 100 ml air dengan suhu yang berbeza.Jadual di bawah menunjukkan keputusan penyiasatan. Temperature of water (°C) Suhu air (°C) 30 40 50 60

Period of melting (second) Masa untuk melebur (saat) 80 70 60 50

Table 22

(a).

State the pattern of change in the period of melting. Nyatakan pola perubahan masa untuk melebur. _____________________________________________________________________

(b).

State what is Nyatakan i. changed dimanipulasikan ii.

(c).

measured bergerak balas

: ____________________________________________

: ____________________________________________

Write one hypothesis based on the investigation above. Tuliskan satu hipotesis berdasarkan penyiasatan di atas. _____________________________________________________________________

33.

In an investigation, a beaker of water is heated. The amount of water that is collected in the measuring cylinder is recorded in Table 21 below. Dalam penyiasatan ini, air di dalam bikar dipanaskan.Jumlah air yang dikumpul di dalam silinder penyukat direkodkan seperti dalam Jadual 21 di bawah.

Steel plate kepingan keluli beaker bikar water air measuring cylinder silinder penyukat Diagram 26 EDITED FROM MODUL SINAR /SK PERMATANG TOK MAHAT - 32 -

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Time taken to heat the water (minutes) Masa diambil untuk panaskan air (minit) 10 20 30 40

The amount of water in the measuring cylinder (ml) Jumlah air dalam silinder penyukat (ml) 4 8 12 16 Table 23

(a).

What do you want to find out from this investigation ? Apakah yang ingin anda siasat daripada penyiasatan ini ? _____________________________________________________________________

(b).

What is the trend in the amount of water in the measuring cylinder ? Apakah corak pada jumlah air disukat dalam silider penyukat? _____________________________________________________________________

(c).

Based on this investigation, state the following. Berdasarkan penyiasatan ini, nyatakan i.

what is changed : _______________________________________________ dimanipulasikan

iii.

what is measured : _______________________________________________ bergerak balas

MV

: _______________________________________ ( ________________ )

RV

: _______________________________________ ( ________________ )

34.

Table 23 shows the observations made in an investigation. Jadual 23 menunjukkan pemerhatian dalam satu penyiasatan.

Time of day Masa dalam sehari Position of the shadow Kedudukan bayang-bayang

8.30 am

9.30 am

10.30 am

2.30 pm

3.30 pm

4.30 pm

West

West

West

East

East

East

Table 24

(a).

What is the aim of this investigation ? Apakah tujuan penyiasatan ini ?

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_____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ (b).

35.

State the variables: Nyatakan pembolehubah i.

What to change Dimanipulasikan

: ___________________________________________

ii.

What to observe Bergerak balas

: ___________________________________________

Diagram 28 shows the results of an investigation. The dates given are from the Lunar Calendar. Rajah menunjukkan keputusan penyiasatan.Data yang diberi daripada Kalender Lunar.

1st day hari 1

3rd day

7th day hari ke 7

hari ke 3

10th day hari ke 10

15th day

hari ke 11

Diagram 28

(a).

What is the aim of the investigation? Apakah tujuan penyiasatan ini? _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________

(b).

What is the trend of change in the size of the Moon as it appears in the sky from the 3rd day to the 15th day? Apakah pola perubahan pada saiz bulan yang kelihatan di langit dari hari ke 3 hingga hari ke 15 ? _____________________________________________________________________

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36.

The length of shadow is measured from 9.30 am to 2.30 pm. The Table below shows the results of the investigation. Panjang bayang-bayang diukur dari 9.30 am hingga 2.30 pm.Jadual di bawah menunjukkan keputusan penyiasatan.

Time Masa Length of shadow (cm) Panjang bayangbayang(sm)

9.30 am

10.30 am

11.30 am

12.30 noon

1.30 pm

2.30 pm

60

30

10

-

10

30

Table 25

(a).

What is the aim of the investigation? Apakah tujuan penyiasatan ini? _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________

(b).

What is the trend of change in the length of the shadow from 9.30 am to 2.30 pm? Apakah pola perubahan panjang baying-bayang daripada pukul 9.30 pagi hingga 2.30 petang? _____________________________________________________________________

(c).

Suggest one hypothesis based on the trend stated in (b). Cadangkan satu hipotesis berdasarkan pola yang dinyatakan di (b). _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________

MV

: _______________________________________ ( ________________ )

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RV

: _______________________________________ ( ________________ )

37.

The bar chart shows the information that was gathered by a group of pupils in an investigation. Carta bar dibawah menunjukkan maklumat yang dikumpul oleh sekumpulan murid dalam satu penyiasatan. Size of the Moon Saiz bulan

th

4

10

th

th

th

th

15 20 26 Date according to the lunar calendar Tarikh berdasarkan Kalendar Lunar Diagram 29

(a).

What is the purpose of the investigation? Apakah tujuan penyiasatan ini? _____________________________________________________________________

(b).

What is the pattern of change in the size of the Moon? Apakah pola perubahan saiz bulan? ______________________________________________________________________

(c).

State the thing that is : Nyatakan i.

changed : _________________________________________________ dimanipulasi

ii.

observed : _________________________________________________ bergerak balas

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38.

Husaini records the length of the shadow of a pole from 9.00 am to 3.00 pm. The bar chart in Diagram 30 shows the result. Husaini merekod panjang bayang-bayang sebatng tiang dari pukul 9.00 pagi hingga 3.00 petang. Carta bar di bawah menunjukkan keputusannya. Length of the shadow Panjang bayang-bayang

9.00 am

10.00 11.00 am am

12.00 noon

1.00 pm

2.00 pm

3.00 pm

Time Masa

Diagram 30

(a).

What is the pattern of change in the length of the shadow from 9.00 a.m. to 3.00 pm ? Apakah pola perubahan pada panjang bayang-bayang dari pukul 9.00 pagi ke 3.00 petang. _____________________________________________________________________

(b).

State the thing that is Nyatakan i.

changed dimanipulasikan

: ____________________________________________

ii.

measured bergerak balas

: ____________________________________________

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39.

Diagram 31 shows the combination of several shapes to form two models. Rajah 31 menunjukkan kombinasi beberapa bentuk untuk membentuk dua model.

R

S Diagram 31

(a).

State a relationship between the base area and the stability of the model. Nyatakan hubungan di antara luas tapak dengan kestabilan model. _____________________________________________________________________

(b).

State a relationship between the height of building and the stability of a building. Nyatakan hubungan di antara tinggi dan kestabilan sesuatu bangunan. ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________

MV

: _______________________________________ ( ________________ )

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RV

: _______________________________________ ( ________________ )

40.

Three similar objects, A, B and C, are placed on three desks as shown in the diagram below. Tiga objek yang serupa A, B dan C, diletakkan di atas meja seperti yang ditunjukkan dalam rajah di bawah.

A

B

C

Diagram 32

Model B toppled over first, and then followed by model A and C. Model B jatuh dahulu, dan kemudian diikuti model A dan C

(a).

State the aim of this investigation. Nyatakan tujuan penyiasatan ini. _____________________________________________________________________

(b).

Write a relationship based on the aim of your investigation as stated in (a). Nyatakan hubungan berdasarkan tujuan penyiasatan ini yang dinyatakan di (a). _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________

(c).

(d).

StateM Nyatakan i.

What is changed Dimanipulasikan

: ___________________________________________

ii.

What is observed Bergerak balas

: ____________________________________________

What is the conclusion of this investigation? Apakah kesimpulan dari penyiasatan ini? _____________________________________________________________________

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41.

The picture below shows an investigation that is carried out by a group of Year 5 pupils. The blocks are added one by one until the glass rod snap. The experiment is repeated by increasing the number of glass rods. Gambar di bawah menunjukkan penyiasatan yang dijalankan oleh sekumpulan murid Tahun 5.Blok ditambah satu demi satu sehingga rod kaca itu pecah.Eksperimen ini diulang dengan menambahkan bilangan rod kaca. Glass rod bristle Rod kaca wooden block blok kayu block bongkah dish piring

Diagram 33

The Table below shows the results of this experiment. Jadual menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen. Number of glass rods Bilangan rod kaca Number of blocks Bilangan bongkah

1

2

3

4

5

2

4

6

8

10

Table 26

(a).

What is the pattern of change in the number of blocks? Apakah pola perubahan pada bilangan blok? _____________________________________________________________________

(b).

What do the pupils want to find out from this investigation? Apakah yang hendak dibuktikan dalam penyiasatan ini? _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________

(c).

What is kept the same in this investigation? Apakah pembolehubah yang dimalarkan? ______________________________________________________________________

(d).

Make a hypothesis for this investigation. Buatkan satu hipotesis untuk penyiasatan ini. ______________________________________________________________________

MV

: _______________________________________ ( ________________ )

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RV

: _______________________________________ ( ________________ )

42.

A group of pupils carried out an investigation on the stability of a structure to support the mass of loads. The table below shows the result of the investigation. Sekumpulan murid menjalankan penyiasatan ke atas kestabilan struktur untuk menampung berat.Jadual di bawah menunjukkan keputusan penyiasatan.

Base area of the structure (cm²) Luas tapak struktur (sm²) 8 12 16 20

Mass of load that can be supported (g) Berat beban yang boleh ditampung(g) 20 30 40 50

Table 27

(a).

What is the aim of this investigation? Apakah tujuan penyiasatan ini? _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________

(b).

(c).

State the thing that is Nyatakan i.

changed dimanipulasikan

: ____________________________________________

ii.

observed bergerak balas

: ____________________________________________

Make a hypothesis for this investigation. Buat satu hipotesis untuk penyiasatan ini. ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________

(d)

Predict the mass of load that can be supported if the base area is 24 sm². Ramalkan berat beban yang boleh ditanggung sekiranya luas tapak adalah 24 sm². _____________________________________________________________________

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43.

Diagram 34 shows an investigation that is carried out by Amalina. Four cylinders of different height are placed on a table. Rajah 34 menunjukkan penyiasatan yang dijalankan oleh Amalina.Empat silinder yang berbeza ketinggian diletakkan di atas meja. S V T U

Diagram 34

The table is slowly lifted up at one side and Table 26 shows the time taken for the cylinders to fall down. Meja itu diangkat perlahan-lahan pada satu belah dan Jadual 26 menunjukkan masa diambil untuk silider itu jatuh. Cylinder Silinder Time taken for the cylinder to fall down (s) Masa diambil untuk silider jatuh (s)

S

T

U

V

3

7

10

5

Table 28

(a).

What is the aim of this activity? Apakah tujuan aktiviti ini? ____________________________________________________________________

(b).

State the thing that is Nyatakan pembolehubah i.

changed dimanipulasikan

: ____________________________________________

ii.

measured bergerak balas

: ____________________________________________

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44.

Diagram 35 shows some sewing needles made from iron. Two sewing needles are wrapped in wax paper and labeled as U and another two are wrapped in tissue paper and labeled as V. Both samples are left aside for two months. Rajah 35 menunjukkan jarum jahit dibuat daripada besi.Dua jarum jahit dibalut dalam kertas minyak dan ditanda sebagai U dan dua lagi dibalut dengan kertas tisu dan ditanda sebagai V.Kedua-duanya ditinggalkan di luar selama dua bulan.

Jarum

Jarum

Kertas minyak

Kertas tisu

Diagram 35

Table 29 below shows the result. Jadual 29 menunjukkan keputusannya. Material used to wrap the needles Bahan digunakan untuk membalut jarum Wax paper Kertas minyak Tissue paper Kertas tisu

Condition of needles after two month Keadaan jarum selepas dua bulan Not rusty Tidak berkarat Rusty Berkarat

Table 29

(a).

What is the fixed variable in this investigation? Apakah pembolehubah dimalarkan dalam penyiasatan ini? _____________________________________________________________________

(b).

What is the aim of the investigation ? Apakah tujuan penyiasatan ini? _____________________________________________________________________

(c).

State one hypothesis from this investigation. Nyatakan hipotesis daripada penyiasatan ini. _____________________________________________________________________

MV

: ___________________________________________________________

RV

: ___________________________________________________________

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layer of oil Lapisan minyak

tap water air paip

seeds biji benih

Beaker P

Beaker Q Diagram 35

45.

The diagram above shows an investigation on the germination of seeds in two beakers. Observation is made after five days. Rajah di atas menunjukkan penyiasatan ke atas percambahan biji benih dalam dua bekas.Pemerhatian dibuat selepas lima hari.

(a).

Predict the condition of the seedlings in both beakers after five days. Ramalkan keadaan kedua-dua biji benih selepas lima hari (i)

Seedlings in beaker P. Biji benih dalam bikar P _______________________________________________________________

(ii)

Seedlings in beaker Q. Biji benih dalam bikar Q. _______________________________________________________________

(b).

State the thing that is changed in the above investigation. Nyatakan apa yang diubah dalam penyiasatan ini. _____________________________________________________________________

(c).

What conclusion can be made from this investigation. Apakah kesimpulan yang boleh dibuat daripada penyiasatan ini. _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________

EDITED FROM MODUL SINAR /SK PERMATANG TOK MAHAT - 44 -