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089-093_GRS_CH22_065744-X 12/1/01 12:52 PM Page 89
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22
Guided Reading Strategies 22.1
Modern Chapter 13
The Origins of the Industrial Revolution
CHAPTER
READING THE SECTION As you read the section, fill in the causes or effects listed below. 1. Cause: Hand-scattering seeds over the fields leads to waste. Effect: _____________________________________________________________ 2. Cause: _____________________________________________________________ Effect: Great Britain begins to industrialize. 3. Cause: John Kay invents the flying shuttle, allowing looms to weave faster. Effect: _____________________________________________________________ 4. Cause: Eli Whitney invents the cotton gin. Effect: _____________________________________________________________ 5. Cause: _____________________________________________________________ Effect: Thomas Newcomen and James Watt develop the steam engine. 6. Cause: More machines create a need for more steel. Effect: _____________________________________________________________ 7. Cause: _____________________________________________________________ Effect: Steam locomotives and steamboats come into use. 8. Cause: _____________________________________________________________ Effect: The United States adopts British production methods and inventions. POST-READING QUICK CHECK After you have finished reading the section, in the space provided, define “factory system.”
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Holt World History: The Human Journey
89
Guided Reading Strategies
i-55_GRS-GEO_AK_065744-X 12/17/01 1:59 PM Page 34
Back
Print
ANSWER KEY 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
5. Cause: A more portable and dependable
Vice Admiral Horatio Nelson nationalist The Russians’ Louis XVIII Napoléon
power supply was needed. 6. Effect: Iron and steel became the two
major raw materials of modern industry. 7. Cause: As industrial production increased,
factories needed more raw materials and finished goods to reach markets quickly. 8. Cause: The United States had both a strong central government and rich natural resources; plus a rapidly increasing population.
Post-Reading Quick Check 1. Military leadership 2. He put into effect the system of public
education. 3. He organized all French law.
SECTION 5
Post-Reading Quick Check
Reading the Section
The factory system is a system in which workers work together in a mill or other factory. Workers put in a certain number of hours each day for a fixed pay.
Countries that suffered most from Napoléon should be compensated. 1. Congress awards territories 2. France had to pay a large indemnity to other countries for the damages it had caused. The balance of power should be restored. 1. Officials strip France of its conquests. 2. Prussia and Russia reach a compromise. All decisions should follow the rules of legitimacy. 1. Louis XVII rules France 2. Bourbon monarchs restored in Spain and Two Sicilies
SECTION 2 Reading the Section 1. CON: Older, skilled workers often found
themselves unemployed. 2. CON: They worked for lower wages. 3. PRO: Factory workers acquired skills and
were paid accordingly. 4. PRO: Their homes were closer to work
making travel a bit easier. 5. PRO: To many workers, the middle class represented a social stepladder.
Post-Reading Quick Check 1. He believed in absolute monarchy. 2. He feared the movement known as
Post-Reading Quick Check
Factory work was very rigid and had many strict rules to follow. Breaking any rules could result in heavy fines, pay cuts, or even job loss. Life in workers’ homes was not much better. Workers lived in shabby apartment buildings crammed with a dozen people in one room.
liberalism. 3. He believed in suppressing such ideas as freedom of speech and of the press. 4. He aimed to prevent war or revolution and to preserve absolutism.
SECTION 3
Chapter 22 (Modern Chapter 13)
Reading the Section 1. commercial capitalism 2. industrial capitalism 3. interchangeable parts 4. Henry Ford 5. corporations 6. J.P. Morgan 7. monopoly 8. cartels 9. business cycle 10. depression
SECTION 1 Reading the Section 1. Effect: A seed drill to plant seeds in
straight rows was invented. 2. Cause: Great Britain had land, capital and
labor—the right factors for production. 3. Effect: There was a need for more thread. 4. Effect: He helped to expand slavery in the United States.
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Holt World History: The Human Journey
34 Geography Activities/Guided Reading Answer Key
Back
Print Name
Class
Date
22
Guided Reading Strategies 22.1
Modern Chapter 13
The Origins of the Industrial Revolution
CHAPTER
READING THE SECTION As you read the section, fill in the causes or effects listed below. 1. Cause: Hand-scattering seeds over the fields leads to waste. Effect: _____________________________________________________________ 2. Cause: _____________________________________________________________ Effect: Great Britain begins to industrialize. 3. Cause: John Kay invents the flying shuttle, allowing looms to weave faster. Effect: _____________________________________________________________ 4. Cause: Eli Whitney invents the cotton gin. Effect: _____________________________________________________________ 5. Cause: _____________________________________________________________ Effect: Thomas Newcomen and James Watt develop the steam engine. 6. Cause: More machines create a need for more steel. Effect: _____________________________________________________________ 7. Cause: _____________________________________________________________ Effect: Steam locomotives and steamboats come into use. 8. Cause: _____________________________________________________________ Effect: The United States adopts British production methods and inventions. POST-READING QUICK CHECK After you have finished reading the section, in the space provided, define “factory system.”
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Holt World History: The Human Journey
89
Guided Reading Strategies
i-55_GRS-GEO_AK_065744-X 12/17/01 1:59 PM Page 34
Back
ANSWER KEY 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
5. Cause: A more portable and dependable
Vice Admiral Horatio Nelson nationalist The Russians’ Louis XVIII Napoléon
power supply was needed. 6. Effect: Iron and steel became the two
major raw materials of modern industry. 7. Cause: As industrial production increased,
factories needed more raw materials and finished goods to reach markets quickly. 8. Cause: The United States had both a strong central government and rich natural resources; plus a rapidly increasing population.
Post-Reading Quick Check 1. Military leadership 2. He put into effect the system of public
education. 3. He organized all French law.
SECTION 5
Post-Reading Quick Check
Reading the Section
The factory system is a system in which workers work together in a mill or other factory. Workers put in a certain number of hours each day for a fixed pay.
Countries that suffered most from Napoléon should be compensated. 1. Congress awards territories 2. France had to pay a large indemnity to other countries for the damages it had caused. The balance of power should be restored. 1. Officials strip France of its conquests. 2. Prussia and Russia reach a compromise. All decisions should follow the rules of legitimacy. 1. Louis XVII rules France 2. Bourbon monarchs restored in Spain and Two Sicilies
SECTION 2 Reading the Section 1. CON: Older, skilled workers often found
themselves unemployed. 2. CON: They worked for lower wages. 3. PRO: Factory workers acquired skills and
were paid accordingly. 4. PRO: Their homes were closer to work
making travel a bit easier. 5. PRO: To many workers, the middle class represented a social stepladder.
Post-Reading Quick Check 1. He believed in absolute monarchy. 2. He feared the movement known as
Post-Reading Quick Check
Factory work was very rigid and had many strict rules to follow. Breaking any rules could result in heavy fines, pay cuts, or even job loss. Life in workers’ homes was not much better. Workers lived in shabby apartment buildings crammed with a dozen people in one room.
liberalism. 3. He believed in suppressing such ideas as freedom of speech and of the press. 4. He aimed to prevent war or revolution and to preserve absolutism.
SECTION 3
Chapter 22 (Modern Chapter 13)
Reading the Section 1. commercial capitalism 2. industrial capitalism 3. interchangeable parts 4. Henry Ford 5. corporations 6. J.P. Morgan 7. monopoly 8. cartels 9. business cycle 10. depression
SECTION 1 Reading the Section 1. Effect: A seed drill to plant seeds in
straight rows was invented. 2. Cause: Great Britain had land, capital and
labor—the right factors for production. 3. Effect: There was a need for more thread. 4. Effect: He helped to expand slavery in the United States.
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Holt World History: The Human Journey
34 Geography Activities/Guided Reading Answer Key
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