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BUILDING CONSTRUCTION
SAND BY: Sagnik Majumder Arnab Tarfdar Budhadittya Mukherjee Azhaan Kalim Akash Kumar Dhara Amaan Sagir
CONTENT
DEFINITION OF SAND CLASSIFICATION OF SAND CLASSIFICATION ON BASIS OF FORMATION CLASSIFICATION ON THE BASIS OF SIZE OF PARTICLES CLASSIFICATION ON THE BASIS OF COMPOSITION CLASSIFICATION ON USING IT IN CONSTRUCTION GRADING OF SAND TEST OF SAND MARKET PRICE OF SAND LABOUR CHARGE
SAND SOURCE
OF
SAND IS FORMED BY THE WEATHERING OF ROCKS.
SAND
FORMATION
SIZE OF PARTICLES
PIT SAND
FINE SAND
RIVER SAND
SEA SAND
COARSE SAND
GRAVELLY SAND
SILTY SAND
CLAYEY SAND
CLASSIFICATION
OF COMPOSITION
CONSTRUCTION
CLEAN SAND
BRICK SAND
CONCRETE SAND PLASTER SAND
ARTIFICIAL SAND
CLASSIFICATION ON THE BASIS OF FORMATION
PIT SAND THIS SAND IS OBTAINED BY FORMING PITS IN SOIL. IT IS EXCAVATED FROM A DEPTH OF ABOUT 1-2m FROM THE GROUND LEVEL. THIS SAND IS FOUND AS DEPOSITS IN SOIL AND IT CONSISTS OF SHARP ANGULAR GRAINS, WHICH ARE FREE FROM SALTS.
PIT SAND
IT SERVES AS AN EXCELLENT MATERIAL FOR MORTAR OR CONCRETE WORK. PIT SAND MUST BE MADE FREE FROM CLAY AND OTHER ORGANIC MATERIALS BEFORE IT CAN BE USED IN MORTAR. A COATING OF OXIDE OF IRON OVER THE SAND GRAINS SHOULD BE REMOVED.
RIVER SAND
This is a natural sand. This is a fine type sand. It is obtained from river bank. This is used for plastering and concreting.
SEA SAND
This is obtained from seashore. This is also a fine type sand. This has salt which attracts the moisture from atmosphere and causes for dampness. It should be thoroughly washed before using in construction
CLASSIFICATION ON THE BASIS OF SIZE OF PARTICLES
FINE SAND
sand passing through the 1.5875mm sieve is called fine sand. we use this sand for mainly plastering purpose
COARSE SAND
Sand passing through the 3.175mm sieve is called coarse sand We use this sand for masonry work.
GRAVELLY SAND
sand Passing through the 7.62mm sieve is called gravelly sand . we use this sand in concrete.
CLASSIFICATION ON THE BASIS OF COMPOSITION
CLEAN SAND
This is free from any organic or inorganic impurities . This is perfect for construction purposes.
SILTY SAND
These are poorly graded sand . This is not good for construction purposes.
SILTY CLAYEY SAND SAND This sand have prominent clay fraction and plastic fines. This is traditionally used for the construction of wall. This is also used as mortar bricks
CLASSIFICATION ON USING IN CONSTRUCTION
BRICK SAND
This sandbox obviously used for brick work. The finest modulus of this sand should be 1.2to1.5 and should not contain more than 4%slit.
PLASTER SAND
This sand is used for plastering work. The finest modulus should not be more than 1.5 and slit contain should not be more than 4%.
CONCRETE SAND
The finest modulus should be 2.5 to 3.5 and it should not contain more than 4% slit.
ARTIFICIAL SAND
This is an effective alternative to river sand. This is produced by crushing either basalt rock or granite.
SAND
IS SIEVE
GRADING
OF
PERCENTAGE PASSING FOR GRADING ZONE 1
GRADING ZONE 2
GRADING ZONE 3
GRADING ZONE 4
10 mm
100
100
100
100
4.75
90-100
90-100
90-100
90-100
2.36 mm
60-95
75-100
85-100
95-100
1.18 mm
30-70
55-90
75-100
90-100
600 micron
15-34
35-59
60-79
80-100
300 micron
5-20
8-30
12-40
15-50
150 microns 0-10
0-10
0-10
0-15
SAND TEST
OF
1.SURFACE MOISTURE CONTENT & ABSORPTION The surface moisture in the aggregate influences the water cement ratio strength FRYING METHODof the mix . To determine the andPAN durability surface moisture or moist wet aggregate method is as follow : The following apparatus is required: This is an effective alternative to river sand. This is produced by crushing either basalt rock or granite. Scales to measures
SAND
2.SILT CONTENT TEST FOR SAND
TEST
OF
MOISTURE CONTENTS % BULKING % BY VOLUME AGE WT
OF
2
15
3
20
TEST
SAND
3. BULKING OF SAND
4
25
5
30
TYPES OF SAND
FINENESS MODULUS VALUE
OF
VERY FINE SAND
BELOW 2.2
FINE SAND
2.2 TO 2.6
TEST
SAND
4.SEIVE ANALYSIS
MEDIUM SAND
2.6 TO 2.9
COARSE SAND
2.9 TO 3.2
VERY COARSE SAND
3.2
MARKET PRICE OF SAND
Rs 10 or Rs 50 per kg Rs 1000 per metric ton Rs 60 per unit in Kolkata Rs 30 per sack outside Kolkata
LABOUR CHARGE MASON : RS 350 A DAY LABOUR : RS 250 A DAY
THANK YOU
SAND BY: Sagnik Majumder Arnab Tarfdar Budhadittya Mukherjee Azhaan Kalim Akash Kumar Dhara Amaan Sagir
CONTENT
DEFINITION OF SAND CLASSIFICATION OF SAND CLASSIFICATION ON BASIS OF FORMATION CLASSIFICATION ON THE BASIS OF SIZE OF PARTICLES CLASSIFICATION ON THE BASIS OF COMPOSITION CLASSIFICATION ON USING IT IN CONSTRUCTION GRADING OF SAND TEST OF SAND MARKET PRICE OF SAND LABOUR CHARGE
SAND SOURCE
OF
SAND IS FORMED BY THE WEATHERING OF ROCKS.
SAND
FORMATION
SIZE OF PARTICLES
PIT SAND
FINE SAND
RIVER SAND
SEA SAND
COARSE SAND
GRAVELLY SAND
SILTY SAND
CLAYEY SAND
CLASSIFICATION
OF COMPOSITION
CONSTRUCTION
CLEAN SAND
BRICK SAND
CONCRETE SAND PLASTER SAND
ARTIFICIAL SAND
CLASSIFICATION ON THE BASIS OF FORMATION
PIT SAND THIS SAND IS OBTAINED BY FORMING PITS IN SOIL. IT IS EXCAVATED FROM A DEPTH OF ABOUT 1-2m FROM THE GROUND LEVEL. THIS SAND IS FOUND AS DEPOSITS IN SOIL AND IT CONSISTS OF SHARP ANGULAR GRAINS, WHICH ARE FREE FROM SALTS.
PIT SAND
IT SERVES AS AN EXCELLENT MATERIAL FOR MORTAR OR CONCRETE WORK. PIT SAND MUST BE MADE FREE FROM CLAY AND OTHER ORGANIC MATERIALS BEFORE IT CAN BE USED IN MORTAR. A COATING OF OXIDE OF IRON OVER THE SAND GRAINS SHOULD BE REMOVED.
RIVER SAND
This is a natural sand. This is a fine type sand. It is obtained from river bank. This is used for plastering and concreting.
SEA SAND
This is obtained from seashore. This is also a fine type sand. This has salt which attracts the moisture from atmosphere and causes for dampness. It should be thoroughly washed before using in construction
CLASSIFICATION ON THE BASIS OF SIZE OF PARTICLES
FINE SAND
sand passing through the 1.5875mm sieve is called fine sand. we use this sand for mainly plastering purpose
COARSE SAND
Sand passing through the 3.175mm sieve is called coarse sand We use this sand for masonry work.
GRAVELLY SAND
sand Passing through the 7.62mm sieve is called gravelly sand . we use this sand in concrete.
CLASSIFICATION ON THE BASIS OF COMPOSITION
CLEAN SAND
This is free from any organic or inorganic impurities . This is perfect for construction purposes.
SILTY SAND
These are poorly graded sand . This is not good for construction purposes.
SILTY CLAYEY SAND SAND This sand have prominent clay fraction and plastic fines. This is traditionally used for the construction of wall. This is also used as mortar bricks
CLASSIFICATION ON USING IN CONSTRUCTION
BRICK SAND
This sandbox obviously used for brick work. The finest modulus of this sand should be 1.2to1.5 and should not contain more than 4%slit.
PLASTER SAND
This sand is used for plastering work. The finest modulus should not be more than 1.5 and slit contain should not be more than 4%.
CONCRETE SAND
The finest modulus should be 2.5 to 3.5 and it should not contain more than 4% slit.
ARTIFICIAL SAND
This is an effective alternative to river sand. This is produced by crushing either basalt rock or granite.
SAND
IS SIEVE
GRADING
OF
PERCENTAGE PASSING FOR GRADING ZONE 1
GRADING ZONE 2
GRADING ZONE 3
GRADING ZONE 4
10 mm
100
100
100
100
4.75
90-100
90-100
90-100
90-100
2.36 mm
60-95
75-100
85-100
95-100
1.18 mm
30-70
55-90
75-100
90-100
600 micron
15-34
35-59
60-79
80-100
300 micron
5-20
8-30
12-40
15-50
150 microns 0-10
0-10
0-10
0-15
SAND TEST
OF
1.SURFACE MOISTURE CONTENT & ABSORPTION The surface moisture in the aggregate influences the water cement ratio strength FRYING METHODof the mix . To determine the andPAN durability surface moisture or moist wet aggregate method is as follow : The following apparatus is required: This is an effective alternative to river sand. This is produced by crushing either basalt rock or granite. Scales to measures
SAND
2.SILT CONTENT TEST FOR SAND
TEST
OF
MOISTURE CONTENTS % BULKING % BY VOLUME AGE WT
OF
2
15
3
20
TEST
SAND
3. BULKING OF SAND
4
25
5
30
TYPES OF SAND
FINENESS MODULUS VALUE
OF
VERY FINE SAND
BELOW 2.2
FINE SAND
2.2 TO 2.6
TEST
SAND
4.SEIVE ANALYSIS
MEDIUM SAND
2.6 TO 2.9
COARSE SAND
2.9 TO 3.2
VERY COARSE SAND
3.2
MARKET PRICE OF SAND
Rs 10 or Rs 50 per kg Rs 1000 per metric ton Rs 60 per unit in Kolkata Rs 30 per sack outside Kolkata
LABOUR CHARGE MASON : RS 350 A DAY LABOUR : RS 250 A DAY
THANK YOU
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