Rosemarie Rizzo Parse

ROSEMARIE RIZZO PARSE

Rosemarie Rizzo Parse RN, PhD, FAAN Rosemarie Rizzo Parse is professor and Niehoff Chair at Loyola University Chicago. She is founder and editor of Nursing Science Quarterly, president of Discovery International, Inc., which sponsors international nursing theory conferences, and founder of the Institute of Human Becoming, where she teaches the ontological, epistemological, and methodological aspects of the human becoming school of thought. She began her work on the Human Becoming theory in the 1970s and was first published in 1981. The human becoming theory was developed as a human science nursing theory The assumptions underlining the theory were synthesized from works by the European philosophers, Heidegger, Sartre, and Merleau-Ponty, along with works by the pioneer American nurse theorist, Martha Rogers.

Human Becoming Theory Theory was based on Dr. Parse’s lived experience in nrsg & its poor fit with the existing paradigms The theory focuses on the human-universe-health process and is based on the premise that the human being pursues and creates his own process of being with the world. The uniqueness of the theory is its perspective on paradoxes of human becoming. The theory emphasizes the relationship between human & environment with paradoxical rhythmical patterns

Human Becoming Theory Rosemarie Rizzo Parse developed the Theory of Human Becoming through a combination of concepts from Martha Rogers and from existential-phenomenological thought. Her nine assumptions are based on the three main themes of meaning, rhythmicity, and transcendence. Each theme leads to a principle: meaning relates to imagining, valuing, and languaging; rhythmicity relates to revealing-concealing, enabling-limiting, and connecting-separating; transcendence relates to powering, originating, and transforming.

Assumptions about the Human & the Becoming I.

The human is coexisting while coconstituting rhythmical patterns with the universe. – Individuals take an active party in creating their own patterns and reality. II. The human is open, freely choosing meaning in situation, bearing responsibility for decisions. – Human beings make choices on how to act and react. They are responsible for the outcome of these choices. III. The human is unitary, continuously coconstituting patterns of relating. – People are more than a sum of their parts. One can be distighished from another by patterns of appearance, mannerisms, voice and other characteristics

Assumptions – con`t IV. The human is transcending multidimensionally with the possibles – The human is capable of changing and growing beyond their limitations. V. Becoming is an open process, experienced by the human. – Becoming is continous growth towards more diversity & complexity. Growing includes choosing who one will be in a given situation. VI. Becoming is a rhythmically coconstituting humanuniverse process – Health & becoming are intertwined. The elements of our environment in which we connect and separate from, change us. With these elements we coconsitute our health.

Assumptions – con`t VII.Becoming is the human’s patterns of relating value priorities. – Health is living the ideals chosen by the individual. VIII.Becoming is an intersubjective process of transcending with the possibles – Health is reaching beyond the actual to the possible through subject to subject interchange. This interchange can occur through two persons or with another element of the environment IX. Becoming is human unfolding – We are continuously changing, never to return to our previous state.

Principals 1 – STRUCTURING MEANING MULTIDIMENSIONALLY IS COCREATING REALITY THROUGH THE LANGUAGING OF VALUING & IMAGING Many universes exist for a person at any time. Reality is the harmony between these universes reached through a person’s choice. Personal reality includes all that a person is and will become. Constructing reality is giving meaning to unique experience. Structuring meaning is done through imaging, valuing and languaging

Corresponding Concepts Imaging – An infertile couple believes there are many children in need of loving homes and plan to adopt Valuing – An older woman begins to exercise and watch her diet as she is concerned about her health. Languaging – A man diagnosed with terminal cancer finds the words and the strength to talk to his family about it .

Principals 2 – COCREATING RHYTHMICAL PATTERNS OF RELATING IS LIVING THE PARADOXICAL UNITY OF REVEALING-CONCEALING & ENABLING-LIMITING WHILE CONNECTINGSEPARATING. The human & the universe, including the people in one’s life are cocreating a rhythmical pattern of energies. As people grow they form and simultaneously break bonds with different elements. Other persons and element in the universe are moving towards & away from each other, revealing aspects of themselves while concealing others in their continuous interrelationship.

Corresponding Concepts Revealing-Concealing – A pregnant youth must reveal her secret to her parents Enabling-Limiting – A patient chooses to refuse a treatment Connecting-Separating – Parents want more aggressive treatment for their palliative care daughter; her husband disagrees straining the relationship.

Principal 3 – COTRANSCENDING WITH THE POSSIBLES IS POWERING UNIQUE WAYS OF ORIGINATING IN THE PROCESS OF TRANSFORMING Going beyond the actual in interrelationship with others. Another person may help you grow beyond perceived limits even though the person must do the moving their self. The energy for moving on is called powering.

Corresponding Concepts Powering – Parents learn to be strong and move on with life after losing their youngest child in an accident. Originating – A woman raises money for breast cancer research to honour her grandmother Transforming – An elderly man finally accepts outside help as he is no longer able to care for his wife

What Does It All Mean? People are multifaceted, decisive, autonomous beings capable of adapting and responsible for creating their own relationships, circumstances and health Parse’s goal in nursing is to guide clients back to their quality of life. A nurse needs to accept the quality of life as the patient sees it regardless of the nurse’s assessment of the patient’s quality of life

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