River Pollution Viveksheoran Iim Indore

IGNITE- RIVER POLLUTION Submitted By: Vivek Sheoran Institute

: IIM Indore

MAJOR SOURCES OF POLLUTION Non- Point Sources • Runoff from solid, medical wastes & agricultural fields • Disposal of Dead Bodies & Animal Carcasses • Open Defecation & Cattle Wallowing

VARIOUS ALTERNATIVES FOR POINT SOURCES Radiation- Gamma, Ultraviolet- helps in controlling bacterial load ( Option available but rarely used)  Chlorination ( Available and used in certain areas)  Sewage treatment plants ( Available and used in certain areas)  Robotic Fishes- Will detect and clean polluted water through chemical sensors and navigation control ( Currently R& D phase) 

VARIOUS ALTERNATIVES FOR NON-POINT SOURCES Educating people about the adverse effects  Setting up crematoriums' near major ghats  Setting up rest rooms near major river beds etc….. etc….. 

NEARLY ALL ARE LONG TERM SOLUTIONS AND ALSO THERE IS NO GURANTEE FOR SUCCESS , HENCE THE NEED IS TO PROVIDE SOLUTIONS FOR WASTE EMANATING FROM POINT SOURCES

MAIN ISSUE – TO DEAL WITH MUNICIPAL SEWAGE Process currently followed that too at very few places: Sewage treated with chemicals to make it safe to be discharged into the river. Drawbacks:  Not self sustaining thus cost ineffective  Short term solution  Constantly incurring expenses on maintenance  Private players are not interested hence government alone has to carry out the work which becomes all the more difficult due to bureaucracy and corruption: one of the major reasons for failure of GAP-I & II, YAP

IDEA !!!!  Set

up 2 stage treatment plants

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Stage 1: Separate the slurry from disposed liquid sewage

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Stage 2: The liquid treated with chemicals to make it usable for irrigation purposes

STAGE 1 Gas plants to installed which will be operated by the slurry collected from raw sewage  Alternative 1 

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The gas produced will be delivered to the neighboring town from which sewage pipeline is coming ( delivery will have to done via pipelines and meters will be installed per household to measure the consumption, slightly higher rates will be charged than LPG cylinders) The quantity of fuel supplied will be enough to sustain around 15% of the households in the city/town

Alternative 2 

The gas will be used to operate gas engines to provide electricity which can be sold to industrial units in cities and households in villages/small towns

Stage 2 After treating the liquid it will be supplied via pipelines to nearby villages  To be supplied at the normal market rate 

Opportunity 

Private players might be interested to set up these plants Reason: Not only this model will generate some returns but also it will be highly subsidized by the government  Can be categorized under CSR activities by major firms ( similar to that of E- Choupal by ITC) 

DRAWBACKS Initial investment is quite high ( Again Govt is likely to provide free land and some subsidy in purchasing equipments but still it will be a considerable amount)  Some amount of testing and R&D is required to sort out large scale operational issues e.g. laying pipelines etc  In the initial phase will be hard to implement in villages and small towns  Stage 2 model is not likely to sustain on its own 

SUGGESTIONS ARE WELCOME

Thank you