Irrigation C Anand Iim Indore
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IGNITE - ASHWAMEDHA ’09 BRIEF - IRRIGATION C ANAND INDIAN INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT INDORE [email protected] ; 9907664768
Thursday 5 November 2009
THE ISSUE AGRICULTURAL SURPLUS -> INCREASE IN FOOD IMPORTS AND WATER CONSUMPTION OVER LAST FEW DECADES NET IRRIGATED AREA HAS GROWN BY 24% FROM 1980-81 TO 1990-91 AND 18% FROM 1990-91 TO 2000-01 APPROPRIATE MEASURE: GROSS IRRIGATED AREA (IRRIGATION DEMAND) = NET IRRIGATED AREA * IRRIGATION INTENSITY KEY POINTS * INDIA’S AGRICULTURE DEPENDENT POPULATION HAS BEEN DECREASING OVER THE LAST TWO DECADES DUE TO URBAN MIGRATION * VARIABILITY IN MONSOON HAS STRONG IMPACT ON FORTUNES OF CROP * WATER AVAILABILITY DETERMINES CROPPING PATTERN WHICH MAY NOT NECESSARILY BE THE MOST SOIL FRIENDLY
Thursday 5 November 2009
THE CAUSE FOR CONCERN NET SOWN AREA REMAINED CONSTANT OVER LAST DECADE LOW (NO) PRICE FOR WATER AND ELECTRICITY = NO INCENTIVE FOR EFFICIENT USE OF AVAILABLE WATER GROWING COMPETITION FOR WATER - AGRICULTURAL VS. NON AGRICULTURAL USES IRRIGATION WATER SUPPLY - NOT SUPPLY OR DEMAND BASED KEY POINTS * WATER ALLOCATION BY IRRIGATION ENGINEERS RELY ON THE HISTORY OF THE GEOGRAPHY NOT VERY PROFESSIONAL AND RELIABLE * WATER SCARCITY LEAVES TAILENDERS AT CANALS SUFFERING * INTER STATE TRANSFERS - A BURNING ISSUE THAT WATER CANT DOUSE (KARNATAKA VS. TN)
Thursday 5 November 2009
NOTABLE FACTS •
IRRIGATED LAND GROWTH OVER YEARS
1950-1999: GIA INCREASED FROM 22 TO 76 MILLION HECTARES • WIDENING GAP BETWEEN GIA AND NIA SHOWS INCREASING ROLE OF IRRIGATION INTENSITY • ADDITIONAL IRRIGATIONAL AREAS DEPEND ON SUCCESS OF MAJOR PROJECTS - SUBJECT TO POLITICAL WILL, TIME AND COST OVERRUNS • HISTORY OF MAJOR PROJECTS - :( • CONTRIBUTION OF MINOR SOURCES - 81 MHA • CONTRIBUTION OF MAJOR SOURCES - 51 MHA
SOURCE: FUTURE OF IRRIGATION IN INDIA, IWMI, INDIA
“OVER “ MECHANIZATION LEADING TO INEFFICIENT WATER USE
DIVERSION/ SALE & WATER TRADING/ RATIONING
HIGHER PRODUCTIVITY PER HECTARE
CHOICE OF HIGHER VALUE CASH CROPS TO FARMERS
0
POTENTIAL EFFECTS OF INCREASING INTENSITY *** NEED TO CONCENTRATE ON IMPROVING EFFICIENCIES OF WHAT WE POSSESS***
Thursday 5 November 2009
IMPROVEMENTS FOR CONSIDERATION PHYSICAL - DRIP IRRIGATION & LAND LEVELING TO MINIMIZE OVERFLOWS WATER TRADING - RATIONING AND LIMITING SUPPLY OF FREE & ABUSED RESOURCE IMPROVED WATER FEE COLLECTION TO ENSURE COMPLIANCE WITH ACCEPTED NORMS OF USAGE INTER BASIN WATER TRANSFERS (INTER-LINKING OF RIVERS ON SMALLER SCALE) - LINK UP UPSTREAM AND DOWNSTREAM VILLAGES AND BILL TRANSFERS IRRIGATION SCHEDULING - MECHANIZATION, FLOW MANAGEMENT, CONTROL OF PERFORMANCE (PANCHAYATI/MUNICIPAL LEVEL), ONFIELD ESTIMATION AND ACCURATE MEASUREMENTS
Thursday 5 November 2009
INTELLIGENT COLLABORATIVE IRRIGATION VALUE PROPOSITION - PROVIDING A COMMUNITY LEVEL OPPORTUNITY TO MUTUALLY BENEFIT FROM EFFICIENT WATER USAGE TECHNOLOGY & OPERATIONAL FEASIBILITY - SMART CONTROLLERS ARE AN UPCOMING ADVANCEMENT IN FOREIGN FIELDS AND INTERLINKING WATER SUPPLY SOURCES IS AN EXTENSION OF CURRENT SYSTEM AGGREGATING INDIVIDUAL WATER RESOURCES ->APPROPRIATE ALLOCATION -> METERING -> NETWORK TRANSFER -> INCENTIVIZING USERS ON NETWORK -> AGGREGATION OF RESOURCES
USP *** ATTEMPT TO ADDRESS BOTH DEMAND AND SUPPLY SIDE OF THE WATER EQUATION AT ONE GO***
Thursday 5 November 2009
THE SOLUTION - INTELLIGENT COLLABORATIVE IRRIGATION
BASED ON CROP, GROWTH CYCLE, SOIL CONDITION ETC.
Control of Network Demand Side Measures Supply Side Measures •Irrigation Scheduling - Localized for each field
which is part of collaborative water management ecosystem in village with individual control system onsite
•Real Time Update of irrigation requirements to CONSTANT MONITORING OF BOTH CROP AS WELL AS WATER LEVELS FOR REGION
& fro local controller and central control system for village through Geographic Information System
•Community linked for knowledge transfer on efficient water utilization
SMS BASED MOBILE GROUP FOR DAILY UPDATES ON CONSUMPTION & AVAILABILITY
Thursday 5 November 2009
Aggregation Of
• Individual Ground Water Resources • Government Piped Supply • Run Off Rain Water Harvesting • Natural Rain • Network Transfer •Community Level - Central Control System
(CCS) + Central Water Store • Field Level - Individual Control System (ICS) + Local Water Store
CCS TO POSSESS GIS AND ADVANCED WEATHER STATUS RESOURCES AND COMMUNICATES WITH ICS
CENTRAL WATER STORE WILL BE AN AGGREGATE OF THESE POTENTIAL SOURCES
INTELLIGENT COLLABORATIVE IRRIGATION OPERATIONAL DETAILS INSTALLATION, TRAINING AND MAINTENANCE TO BE PERFORMED BY CCS OPERATOR FUNDING FOR ICS AND LINKING OF LOCAL & CENTRAL WATER STORE CAN BE ARRANGED THROUGH BANK LOAN & OTHER ASSISTANCE ICS IN THE SIMPLEST FORM ARE FLOW MEASUREMENT METERS COMMUNITY KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER SESSIONS TO BE ORGANIZED TO EDUCATE USERS OF ICS ABOUT CROP IRRIGATION PATTERNS AND SETTINGS PERFORMED AT CCS INCENTIVE - HASSLE FREE IRRIGATION MAINTENANCE, MINIMAL WATER WASTAGE AND MONETARY INCENTIVE THROUGH INVENTORYING WATER TRANSFER TO NETWORK
Thursday 5 November 2009
SCALE THE INTELLIGENT COLLABORATIVE IRRIGATION SETUP CAN PILOT TEST IN VARIOUS STAGES: START WITH INTERLINKING SUPPLY OF ALL FIELDS IN A VILLAGE AND INSTALLING METERS FOR MONITORING FLOWS AND PROVIDE CONTROL OF TRANSFER TO INDIVIDUAL OWNER (NO TRANSFER) REGULAR UPDATES ON CROP REQUIREMENTS, WATER USED VS. REQUIRED LEVELS AND ENCOURAGING FARMERS TO EXPERIENCE CONTROL OF THE ICS (SENSOR BASED WATER CONTROL AT VARIOUS POINTS OF FIELD) AFTER CRITICAL MASS OF NODES ARE ACTIVE AND BASED ON CONSENT, CONTROL CAN BE CENTRALIZED AND TRANSFERS CAN BE METERED FOR MONETARY BENEFITS SCALING UP OF PROJECT CAN BE PERFORMED BASED ON EXTENSION OF NODES AND DEVELOPMENT OF CONTROL SYSTEM & CENTRAL WATER STORES AT VARIOUS LOCATIONS ACROSS VILLAGES
Thursday 5 November 2009
THANK YOU!
Thursday 5 November 2009
Thursday 5 November 2009
THE ISSUE AGRICULTURAL SURPLUS -> INCREASE IN FOOD IMPORTS AND WATER CONSUMPTION OVER LAST FEW DECADES NET IRRIGATED AREA HAS GROWN BY 24% FROM 1980-81 TO 1990-91 AND 18% FROM 1990-91 TO 2000-01 APPROPRIATE MEASURE: GROSS IRRIGATED AREA (IRRIGATION DEMAND) = NET IRRIGATED AREA * IRRIGATION INTENSITY KEY POINTS * INDIA’S AGRICULTURE DEPENDENT POPULATION HAS BEEN DECREASING OVER THE LAST TWO DECADES DUE TO URBAN MIGRATION * VARIABILITY IN MONSOON HAS STRONG IMPACT ON FORTUNES OF CROP * WATER AVAILABILITY DETERMINES CROPPING PATTERN WHICH MAY NOT NECESSARILY BE THE MOST SOIL FRIENDLY
Thursday 5 November 2009
THE CAUSE FOR CONCERN NET SOWN AREA REMAINED CONSTANT OVER LAST DECADE LOW (NO) PRICE FOR WATER AND ELECTRICITY = NO INCENTIVE FOR EFFICIENT USE OF AVAILABLE WATER GROWING COMPETITION FOR WATER - AGRICULTURAL VS. NON AGRICULTURAL USES IRRIGATION WATER SUPPLY - NOT SUPPLY OR DEMAND BASED KEY POINTS * WATER ALLOCATION BY IRRIGATION ENGINEERS RELY ON THE HISTORY OF THE GEOGRAPHY NOT VERY PROFESSIONAL AND RELIABLE * WATER SCARCITY LEAVES TAILENDERS AT CANALS SUFFERING * INTER STATE TRANSFERS - A BURNING ISSUE THAT WATER CANT DOUSE (KARNATAKA VS. TN)
Thursday 5 November 2009
NOTABLE FACTS •
IRRIGATED LAND GROWTH OVER YEARS
1950-1999: GIA INCREASED FROM 22 TO 76 MILLION HECTARES • WIDENING GAP BETWEEN GIA AND NIA SHOWS INCREASING ROLE OF IRRIGATION INTENSITY • ADDITIONAL IRRIGATIONAL AREAS DEPEND ON SUCCESS OF MAJOR PROJECTS - SUBJECT TO POLITICAL WILL, TIME AND COST OVERRUNS • HISTORY OF MAJOR PROJECTS - :( • CONTRIBUTION OF MINOR SOURCES - 81 MHA • CONTRIBUTION OF MAJOR SOURCES - 51 MHA
SOURCE: FUTURE OF IRRIGATION IN INDIA, IWMI, INDIA
“OVER “ MECHANIZATION LEADING TO INEFFICIENT WATER USE
DIVERSION/ SALE & WATER TRADING/ RATIONING
HIGHER PRODUCTIVITY PER HECTARE
CHOICE OF HIGHER VALUE CASH CROPS TO FARMERS
0
POTENTIAL EFFECTS OF INCREASING INTENSITY *** NEED TO CONCENTRATE ON IMPROVING EFFICIENCIES OF WHAT WE POSSESS***
Thursday 5 November 2009
IMPROVEMENTS FOR CONSIDERATION PHYSICAL - DRIP IRRIGATION & LAND LEVELING TO MINIMIZE OVERFLOWS WATER TRADING - RATIONING AND LIMITING SUPPLY OF FREE & ABUSED RESOURCE IMPROVED WATER FEE COLLECTION TO ENSURE COMPLIANCE WITH ACCEPTED NORMS OF USAGE INTER BASIN WATER TRANSFERS (INTER-LINKING OF RIVERS ON SMALLER SCALE) - LINK UP UPSTREAM AND DOWNSTREAM VILLAGES AND BILL TRANSFERS IRRIGATION SCHEDULING - MECHANIZATION, FLOW MANAGEMENT, CONTROL OF PERFORMANCE (PANCHAYATI/MUNICIPAL LEVEL), ONFIELD ESTIMATION AND ACCURATE MEASUREMENTS
Thursday 5 November 2009
INTELLIGENT COLLABORATIVE IRRIGATION VALUE PROPOSITION - PROVIDING A COMMUNITY LEVEL OPPORTUNITY TO MUTUALLY BENEFIT FROM EFFICIENT WATER USAGE TECHNOLOGY & OPERATIONAL FEASIBILITY - SMART CONTROLLERS ARE AN UPCOMING ADVANCEMENT IN FOREIGN FIELDS AND INTERLINKING WATER SUPPLY SOURCES IS AN EXTENSION OF CURRENT SYSTEM AGGREGATING INDIVIDUAL WATER RESOURCES ->APPROPRIATE ALLOCATION -> METERING -> NETWORK TRANSFER -> INCENTIVIZING USERS ON NETWORK -> AGGREGATION OF RESOURCES
USP *** ATTEMPT TO ADDRESS BOTH DEMAND AND SUPPLY SIDE OF THE WATER EQUATION AT ONE GO***
Thursday 5 November 2009
THE SOLUTION - INTELLIGENT COLLABORATIVE IRRIGATION
BASED ON CROP, GROWTH CYCLE, SOIL CONDITION ETC.
Control of Network Demand Side Measures Supply Side Measures •Irrigation Scheduling - Localized for each field
which is part of collaborative water management ecosystem in village with individual control system onsite
•Real Time Update of irrigation requirements to CONSTANT MONITORING OF BOTH CROP AS WELL AS WATER LEVELS FOR REGION
& fro local controller and central control system for village through Geographic Information System
•Community linked for knowledge transfer on efficient water utilization
SMS BASED MOBILE GROUP FOR DAILY UPDATES ON CONSUMPTION & AVAILABILITY
Thursday 5 November 2009
Aggregation Of
• Individual Ground Water Resources • Government Piped Supply • Run Off Rain Water Harvesting • Natural Rain • Network Transfer •Community Level - Central Control System
(CCS) + Central Water Store • Field Level - Individual Control System (ICS) + Local Water Store
CCS TO POSSESS GIS AND ADVANCED WEATHER STATUS RESOURCES AND COMMUNICATES WITH ICS
CENTRAL WATER STORE WILL BE AN AGGREGATE OF THESE POTENTIAL SOURCES
INTELLIGENT COLLABORATIVE IRRIGATION OPERATIONAL DETAILS INSTALLATION, TRAINING AND MAINTENANCE TO BE PERFORMED BY CCS OPERATOR FUNDING FOR ICS AND LINKING OF LOCAL & CENTRAL WATER STORE CAN BE ARRANGED THROUGH BANK LOAN & OTHER ASSISTANCE ICS IN THE SIMPLEST FORM ARE FLOW MEASUREMENT METERS COMMUNITY KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER SESSIONS TO BE ORGANIZED TO EDUCATE USERS OF ICS ABOUT CROP IRRIGATION PATTERNS AND SETTINGS PERFORMED AT CCS INCENTIVE - HASSLE FREE IRRIGATION MAINTENANCE, MINIMAL WATER WASTAGE AND MONETARY INCENTIVE THROUGH INVENTORYING WATER TRANSFER TO NETWORK
Thursday 5 November 2009
SCALE THE INTELLIGENT COLLABORATIVE IRRIGATION SETUP CAN PILOT TEST IN VARIOUS STAGES: START WITH INTERLINKING SUPPLY OF ALL FIELDS IN A VILLAGE AND INSTALLING METERS FOR MONITORING FLOWS AND PROVIDE CONTROL OF TRANSFER TO INDIVIDUAL OWNER (NO TRANSFER) REGULAR UPDATES ON CROP REQUIREMENTS, WATER USED VS. REQUIRED LEVELS AND ENCOURAGING FARMERS TO EXPERIENCE CONTROL OF THE ICS (SENSOR BASED WATER CONTROL AT VARIOUS POINTS OF FIELD) AFTER CRITICAL MASS OF NODES ARE ACTIVE AND BASED ON CONSENT, CONTROL CAN BE CENTRALIZED AND TRANSFERS CAN BE METERED FOR MONETARY BENEFITS SCALING UP OF PROJECT CAN BE PERFORMED BASED ON EXTENSION OF NODES AND DEVELOPMENT OF CONTROL SYSTEM & CENTRAL WATER STORES AT VARIOUS LOCATIONS ACROSS VILLAGES
Thursday 5 November 2009
THANK YOU!
Thursday 5 November 2009
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