Projects And Their Management

Project Management Pramod B. Shrestha

November 20, 2009

Projects and their Management • A project is something which has a beginning and an end. • A project is a human endeavour which creates change; is limited in time and scope; has goals and objectives; involves a variety of resources; and is unique. • A project is a complex effort to achieve a specific objective within a schedule and budget target. • A project is a one-time unique endeavour by people to do something that has not been done that way before.

Projects Vs Operations projects • unique • finite

- operations repetitive eternal

• transient • uncertain

stable certain

stability • flexibility status-quo • risks

Project and Project Management • a project is an endeavour in which human, material and financial resources are organized in a noval way, to undertake a unique scope of work of given specification, within constraints of cost and time, so as to achieve beneficial change defined by quantitative and qualitative objectives. • project management defined as a process by which a project is completed successfully. three dimensions to this process: • project objectives • management processes to achieve the objectives • levels at which the processes are applied.

The Project Objectives • Managing scope • Managing organization • Managing quality • Managing cost • Managing time • Managing risk

The Management Processes • Two views on management processes. • The problem-solving approach addresses the uncertainty, viewing the project’s purpose as a problem, and applies standard management processes for problem solving: plan, organize, implement and control. • The project management life cycle approach addresses the transience of projects directly. Having a beginning and an end, projects go through several stages of development such as: germination, growth, maturity and death.

The Fundamental Levels • A project has three fundamental levels at which each objective is managed. • Level 1: the integrative level • Level 2: the strategic level • Level3: the tactical level. • For organization, level 1 of management integrates the project into its context, level 2 translates corporate objectives into project strategies, and level 3 implements the strategies.

The project triangle: view projects in terms of time, cost, and scope

Time, cost, and scope: manage project constraints (Contd.)

Time, cost, and scope: manage project constraints (Contd.)

Time, cost, and scope: manage project constraints (Contd.)

Summary  1. a project: - is a unique scope of work - is undertaken using a novel organization - achieves beneficial change.  2. a project therefore: - carries considerable uncertainty and risk - requires the integration of the novel organization - is subject to constraints of time, cost and quality  3. project management is the process by which a project is brought to a successful conclusion.  4. project management has three dimensions: - the objectives: scope, organization, quality, cost, time - the management processes: plan, organize, implement, control - the levels: integrative, strategic, tactical.

Thank You