Primate Rescue Proposal

I. Project name:

Vietnam primate rescue handbook II. Project proposer: Nguyen Thi Thu Trang Company: South East Asia TRAFFIC – Indochina. Address: 39 Xuan Dieu, Ha Noi Phone number: 0906282758 Email: [email protected] III. Researchers and collaborators: 1. 2. 3. Wildlife rescue Center in Soc Son IV. Implemental Organization: V. Project objectives: - Support rangers (or Forest Protection Departments), staffs of Rescue Centers to exactly identify rescued primate. - Properly define the ways of raising and food ration of primate in the captive condition - Identify wounds in rescued primate (if have) and the temporary treatment. - Describe the natural living environment of primate as well as provide the methods and process to release them to this environment. - Provide zoos, zoological and botanical gardens, parks, etc further general knowledge about the ways to keep in captivity, raise Vietnam primate, especially the species that are difficult to capture such as: Voọc chà vá, snub- nosed monkey, etc. VI. Project’s importance and needfulness: Vietnam has high bio-diversity, especially a variety in flora and fauna and is a distribution area of rare, unique and endemic species. From tropical dense wood to offshore island or limestone mountain area, there is always a potential vitality of species. However, in recent years, because of the raising urbanization, uncontrolled deforestation and increasing demand for wildlife products in big cities, urban areas, a large number of wildlife has been in risk of extinction. According to the survey by TRAFFIC in 2005, nearly 50% of people in Hanoi admitted having once consumed wildlife products including Vietnam primate and of which nearly 45% often consumed over 3 times per year. For example, in 3 September in Hai Phong, 213kg of monkey was confiscated by a working group of Quan Tru traffic police. In 11 September, in Van Tho commune (Van Ninh, Khanh Hoa) the local

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rangers and policemen caught a lorry that was illegally transporting a large quantity long-tailed macaque on the Highway 1A, etc _ ENV. Besides the more and more sophisticated trading activities, happily Vietnam wildlife controlling network is also stronger and more numerous since then Vietnam has become a CITES member (the international convention on trading extinct wildlife species) in 1993. Rescue centers are gradually established to make a network in Vietnam. The endangered wildlife are rescued, cared and then released to their natural environment However, it remains difficulties in identify primate. Most of rangers and staffs of Rescue Centers, National Parks, special used forest and reserves, etc graduated from Colleges of Forestry; some from Agricultural Colleges. They are good at identifying only trees, wood not primate. Even students who graduated in spined fauna at some universities also get the same difficulties because they were only taught the general knowledge of zoology. Further more, there are important things that have not been enough paid attention. They are the methods of raising newly rescued primate and the behavior of rangers as well as staffs of Rescue Centers so that the primate do not fell afraid. For example, in some FPDs, after confiscating grey-shanked douc langur that has a characteristic of less contact to human, rangers allowed residents to directly see. As a result, they are too frightened and died. Another aspect considered in the conservation work is the captivity and care of primate in zoos, zoological and botanical gardens and even FPDs in Vietnam. Some rare primate (Red-shanked douc langur, etc) were once raised in Hanoi Zoo, but they have not been long-lived. It can be because of inadaptable climate and living environment or inappropriate food ration and care. (Some rangers and staffs of Rescue Center fed them with rice, vegetable, even wine, beer as for human). Thus, this handbook will provide rangers and staffs of Rescue Centers, National Parks and all zoos in Vietnam detailed information of identification and care of each group in 25 Vietnam primate species. Particularly, the information of each species’ food ration; common wounds as well as first and long-term treatments for those who are hurt due to trap, shotgun or transporting for trade; possible ways of arranging the cage; especially methods as well as processes of releasing them and some notes in the whole period of treatment – raising – release. VII. Overview of documents related.

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Vietnam has a high variety of primate with more than 25 species and sub-species in the total 340 species and about 600 sub-species in the world. Three in five worldwide primate families are available in Vietnam: Lorises (Lorisidae), Macaques (Cercopithecidae) and Gibbons (Hylobatidae). However, besides the variety of species including endemic ones, many of Vietnam primate are threatened at a global level. According to the assessment of IUCN, 65% of Vietnam primate are in the endangered or critically endangered condition. In the 25 worldwide most endangered primate species, five are in Vietnam with a few individuals existing in the nature. They are Delacour’s langur (Trachypithecus delacouri ) with about 250 individuals, Cat Ba langur ( T. poliocephalus poliocesphalus ) with about 60 ones, Tonkin snub-nosed monkey ( Rhinopithecus avunculus ) with about 200 ones and Black-crested gibbon ( Nomascus nasutus ) with about 40 ones. All Vietnam primates are classified in Appendix I or Appendix II of CITES. According to the Decree 32/2006/NĐ-CP in 30 March, 2006 on management of rare and endangered forest fauna and flora, all 25 primate species and subspecies in Vietnam are in the IB or IBB item (They are only exploited for the scientific purpose) So, the conservation of Vietnam primate becomes more and more pressing. Most of recent researches and publications focus only on one or some certain species. There are some publications of identifying Vietnam animals such as: Introduction of some beasts in Indochina and Thailand (WWWF_2000) and Identification of wildlife in trading (TRAFFIC_2000), etc. However, these publications have not been detailed and the pictures of animals are mostly drawing. Cuốn Hướng dẫn điều tra ngoại nghiệp Linh Trưởng ( Nguyễn Vũ Khôi, Julia C. Shaw ) được xuất bản lần đầu vào năm 2002 và được tái bản lần 2 vào năm 2005. The book “ …” by Nguyen Vu Khoi and Julia C. Shaw was firstly published in 2002 and second reprinted in 2005. It described Vietnam primate more specifically with clear color and real pictures of 25 primate species. However, there was a limitation in the content that covered only identifying characteristics and distributive areas not conservation and captivity methods. Therefore, it is imperative to compile a handbook with all necessary information to rescue primate. It provides not only identifying information but also knowledge about conservation of Vietnam primate in the captivity condition to minimize risks in the whole process of treatment – raising – release. VIII. Research methods Objectives

Implementation

Expected results

Places

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Collect the most basic and necessary information of primate raising and release.

Study primate related documents, especially what mentioned in the project. Learn about similar publications and projects.

Find out about difficulties as well as mistakes of Rescue Centers, FPDs, zoos, etc in the process of primate captivity and raising.

Study individual wounds, common diseases of newly rescued primate.

Inquire into the rescue centers that are successful in rescuing as well as captive raising and the infrastructure of some FPDs, rescue centers, etc. Compare the successful models with unsuccessful ones to find out the mistakes. Interview rangers, staffs of rescue centres and zoos, veterinarians, etc. Interview EPRC’s veterinarians and staffs. Pay attention in common symptoms, wounds and treatments of newly rescued primate.

Define basic characteristics and raising methods of each species based on preceding researches Learn from preceding publications’ experiences of writing, display and arrangement of pictures & appendix. Learn from the success of EPRC Rescue Centre, some FPDs and zoos, etc in order to propose an optimal solution of cage arrangement which is both scientifically and economically reasonable.

Pay attention and analyze the information. Then conclude some common diseases, its treatments as well as some notes when raising rescued primate.

Emergency Primate Rescue Centre (Cuc Phuong) Soc Son Wildlife Relief Centre (Soc Son) Hanoi Zoo

Emergency Primate Rescue Centre (Cuc Phuong) Soc Son Wildlife Relief Centre (Soc Son) Hanoi Zoo

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Define the food ration of the primate in the captivity condition

Interview the successful rescue centre - EPRC to investigate the primate’s food ration as well as learn about these symbolic models.

Propose solutions that help FPDs, Rescue Centres, Zoos, etc prepare the suitable food ration.

Take a specimen of plants and then analyze to define the varieties (common name, scientific name, etc) as well as their distributive areas

Provide methods and processes of releasing primate into their natural environment.

information, collect the data of common food ration for primate in EPRC including: the time of feeding, food components and food amount, etc. Define, classify and give a suitable food ration for the primate.

Define the distributive areas of the plants, and then show some that can be food for primate in different areas. Some plants should be encouraged to grow in the FPDs or rescue centers with large land area in order to have both shade and food for primate. Interview and refer Collect and to primate experts. receive ideas of experts, scientists and veterinarians, etc about releasing methods and processes as well as some notes before and after release.

Emergency Primate Rescue Centre (Cuc Phuong)

Emergency Primate Rescue Centre (Cuc Phuong)

Emergency Primate Rescue Centre .

- Receive experts’ ideas about conclusions of investigations and interviews.

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- Make investigation and interview form (the interview form is in the Appendix). IX. Expected handbook content The publication covers three following main parts: Part 1: Primate Identification and basic knowledge of primate rescue. Including two chapters: Chapter 1: Vietnam primate identification - 4 items : Culi, monkey, langur and gibbon - The definition of Culi, monkey, langur and gibbon. - The identifying characteristics of each species in each group (with illustrative pictures). - Distribution and endanger level. Chapter 2: Basic knowledge of primate - The definition of Rescue - Early steps of receiving rescued primate, approaching methods that avoid making primate frightened. - Steps of examination and check of primate’s health. - Some cases that need isolation and special attention. - What should be avoided when arranging cages for primate. - Ways of feeding, looking after and cleaning up the cages, etc (times of cleaning the cages in a day or in a season, etc.) Part 2: Ways of raising primate in the captivity condition Including 4 chapters Chapter 1: Loris (family of Lorisidae ) - General overview of the Loris family and its two species in Vietnam. - Cage requirements and some ways to enrich the captivity environment (cage size, the number of individuals, etc) for Loris - The food ration of Loris and some kinds of plants (flowers, fruits, etc), insects that can be found and grown in some places. - Ways of arrangement Loris’s cages and enrichment its captivity environment. - Loris’s common diseases, their precaution and treatment. Chapter 2: Monkey (family of Cercopithicedae: subfamily of Cercopithecinae ) - General overview of the Macaca monkey family and its five species in one subspecies in Vietnam. - Cage requirements and some ways to enrich the captivity environment for Macaca monkey. - The food ration of Macaca monkey and some kinds of plants (flowers, fruits, etc) that can be found and grown in some places. - Ways of arrangement Macaca monkey’s cages and enrichment its captivity environment. - Macaca monkey’s common diseases, their precaution and treatment. Chapter 3: Langur (family of Cercopithicedae: subfamily of Colobinae)

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- General overview of the leaves eating monkey group in the subfamily Colobinae including 7 species of Trachypithecusin and 3 of Pygathrix. - Cage requirements and some ways to enrich the captivity environment for langur. - The food ration of langur and some kinds of plants providing leaves that can be found and grown in some places (plants with leaves all year round). - Ways of arrangement langur’s cages and enrichment its captivity environment. - Langur’s common diseases, their precaution and treatment. Chapter 4: Gibbon (Family of Hylobatidae) - General overview of the gibbon family and its five species in Vietnam. - Cage requirements and some ways to enrich the captivity environment for gibbon. - The food ration of gibbon and some kinds of plants (flowers, fruits, etc) that can be found and grown in some places. - Ways of arrangement gibbon’s cages and enrichment its captivity environment. - Gibbon’s common diseases, their precaution and treatment. Part 3: Process of releasing primate to the nature and some notes. Chapter 1: Process of releasing primate to the nature. Chapter 2: Some experiences of raising and veterinary care. Chapter 3: Some special notes in the process of treatment – raising – release. X. Implementation time Anticipated start: November, 2007 Anticipated finish: October, 2008 XI. Implementing plans Order No 1. 2. 3.

Activities 1 12 1

1

2

3

Months 4 5 6

7

8

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Research and collect related documents, etc. Interview, investigate, study and field work, etc. Collect necessary pictures and information, etc.

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4.

Write the manuscript.

5.

Exchange and discuss with consultative scientists. Complete the handbook.

6. 7.

Print and deliver them to offices, etc.

XII. Expected results 1. Find out about FPD staff’s difficulties in receiving, looking after and capture primate, etc as well as some common wounds of newly rescued primate. 2. Collect pictures of primate captivity condition from some FPDs and Soc Son Wildlife Relief Centre as well as their wounds for data. 3. Collect necessary knowledge of temporary and long-term treatment for primate’s wounds as well as methods of captivity including: ways of cage arrangement, the food ration and especially some notes in the process of treatment – raising – release. 4. Collect valuable experiences of the raising method and the process of releasing primate to the nature. 5. Make good some disadvantages in the captivity process, which are realized through survey and interview of rangers, staffs of rescue centers and zoos, etc. 6. Successfully complete the handbook, provide necessary information and experiences of primate identification and care. XIII. References • Bina Venkataraman. (2007). A TRAFFIC report: A matter of attitude: The consumption of Wildanimal Products in Hanoi, Vietnam. • Camille Dorian. ( 2002 ). Monkeys of Asia : The Endangered Douc Langur. Monkey matters Website. • Eleanor Jane Sterling, Martha Maud Hurley, Le Đuc Minh. ( 2007 ). Lich Su Tu Nhien cua Viet Nam. Yale University Press – New Haven and London • Nguyen Vu Khoi, Julia C. Shaw . ( 2005 ). Huong dan đieu tra ngoai nghiep Linh truong, WAR, HCM FPD, FZS, FFI • Nhan dang đong vat hoang da bi buon ban. ( 2000 ). Nha xuat ban Nong Nghiep. • Paul W.Sherman and John Alcock. ( 2001 ). Exploring Animal Behavior.

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•

Tilo Nadler, Frank Momberg, Nguyen Xuan Dang, Nicolas Lormee. ( 2002 ). Leaf Monkeys.

XIV. Necessary requirements Camera……………………………………..CI Book editors Book consulters Coordinators XV. Budget estimation

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